Sheet metal laser cutting platform and laser cutting process

Abstract

The present application relates to a plate laser cutting platform and laser cutting process, and to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, which includes a workbench and a laser cutting head arranged on the workbench, the laser cutting head includes a laser generator and a nozzle coaxially arranged at the bottom of the laser generator, the workbench is provided with a moving component for driving the laser cutting head to move in the X, Y and Z directions, and a fixed component for fixing the special-shaped workpiece, the laser cutting head is arranged toward the workbench, the laser cutting head is coaxially sleeved with a mounting cylinder, the bottom of the mounting cylinder is rotatably provided with four groups of baffles, the four groups of baffles are evenly arranged along the circumference direction of the mounting cylinder, the four groups of baffles correspond to the four side plates of the special-shaped workpiece one by one, and a gap is left between the bottom side of the baffle and the special-shaped workpiece for the metal debris generated by cutting to sputter outward. The present application has the effect of helping to cut special-shaped workpieces, increasing the service life of the nozzle, and improving the cutting quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and in particular to a plate laser cutting platform and a laser cutting process. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting uses a high-power density laser beam to irradiate the workpiece, causing the local area of ​​the workpiece to quickly heat up to the melting point or boiling point. At the same time, the high-pressure auxiliary gas coaxial with the laser beam blows away the molten or vaporized material and forms a hole. As the relative position of the laser beam and the workpiece moves, a continuous cut is eventually formed to achieve cutting of the workpiece.

[0003] Currently, the common metal laser cutting equipment on the market includes a workbench, a mounting table that slides along the length of the workbench, and a laser cutting head installed on the mounting table. The mounting table is also provided with a CNC device for driving the laser cutting head. The laser cutting head is slidably arranged on the mounting table on two axes. The CNC device controls the movement of the laser cutting head in the height and width directions. The laser cutting head includes a laser generator and a nozzle. The nozzle is coaxially arranged with the laser generator. The laser generator is used to emit a laser beam, and the nozzle guides the auxiliary gas and the laser beam.

[0004] When the workpiece needs to be cut, the workpiece is first transferred to the workbench and fixed. Then the CNC device controls the laser cutting head to move to the starting point of the pre-designed cutting path. Then the laser generator emits a laser beam and perforates the workpiece. Then the laser cutting head is controlled to move along the pre-designed cutting path to achieve cutting of the workpiece.

[0005] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, when cutting the workpiece, the high-pressure auxiliary gas blows away the molten metal in the cut, so that the molten metal is cooled into metal debris and splashes to the bottom side of the workpiece cut. At the same time, part of the high-pressure auxiliary gas is blocked by the upper surface of the workpiece to form a wall jet. Since the wall is provided with a wall attachment effect, the airflow is dispersed around along the upper surface of the workpiece, and part of the molten metal is splashed around along the upper surface of the workpiece. In addition, in the early stage of the perforation process, the auxiliary gas has not passed through the plate, and the splashing of the molten metal is particularly obvious. When the workpiece is a rectangular special-shaped workpiece with side panels on all four sides, such as a rectangular gusset plate used for architectural decoration, when the laser cutting head is close to the side panel of the special-shaped workpiece for cutting, the splashing molten metal is easy to hit the side panel and rebound onto the nozzle, causing the nozzle to be blocked or deformed, affecting the stability of the laser beam and the auxiliary gas, and easily leading to an uneven cutting surface and slag, thereby reducing the cutting quality. Therefore, this needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to facilitate the cutting of special-shaped workpieces, increase the service life of the nozzle, and improve the cutting quality, the present application provides a plate laser cutting platform and a laser cutting process.

[0007] The present application provides a plate laser cutting platform and a laser cutting process using the following technical solutions:

[0008] A plate laser cutting platform and laser cutting process, comprising a workbench and a laser cutting head arranged on the workbench, the laser cutting head comprising a laser generator and a nozzle coaxially arranged at the bottom of the laser generator, the workbench is provided with a moving component for driving the laser cutting head to move in the X, Y and Z directions and a fixing component for fixing a special-shaped workpiece, the laser cutting head is arranged toward the workbench, a mounting cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the laser cutting head, four groups of baffles are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the mounting cylinder, the four groups of baffles are evenly arranged along the circumference direction of the mounting cylinder, the four groups of baffles correspond to the four side plates of the special-shaped workpiece one by one, a gap is left between the bottom side of the baffle and the special-shaped workpiece for metal debris generated by cutting to sputter outward, an adjusting component for rotating and adjusting the baffle and a processing component for processing metal debris and smoke generated by cutting are provided on the mounting cylinder;

[0009] When laser cutting is performed on the middle part of a special-shaped workpiece, the orientation of the baffle is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube;

[0010] When the laser cutting head approaches the side of the special-shaped workpiece, the corresponding baffle plate rotates to be parallel to the side plate, and at this time, the baffle plate corresponding to the side plate is located between the side plate and the nozzle;

[0011] The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment cylinder slidably arranged in the mounting cylinder, the adjustment cylinder is provided with four groups, the four groups of adjustment cylinders correspond to the four groups of baffles one by one, the adjustment cylinder is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft of the baffle, a guide hole is opened on the inner wall of the adjustment cylinder, the guide hole is spirally arranged along the circumferential wall of the adjustment cylinder, a guide column is provided on the rotating shaft of the baffle, the guide column is slidably adapted to the inner side wall of the guide hole, a driving member for driving the adjustment cylinder to slide is provided on the mounting cylinder, and a limiting structure for limiting the rotation of the adjustment cylinder is also provided on the mounting cylinder.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when cutting is required, the technician first places the special-shaped workpiece on the workbench, fixes the special-shaped workpiece through the fixing component, and then drives the laser cutting head to move to the starting point of the pre-designed cutting path by the moving component, and drives the laser cutting head down, adjusts the distance between the focus of the laser beam and the upper surface of the special-shaped workpiece, and then the laser generator emits a laser beam, so that the laser beam is irradiated on the special-shaped workpiece and cuts it. At the same time, the nozzle guides the high-pressure auxiliary gas to the cutting point to blow away the metal debris generated by the cutting, so as to achieve the cutting of the special-shaped workpiece.

[0013] When laser cutting is performed on the middle part of a special-shaped workpiece, the direction of the baffle is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube. At this time, the baffle is in an open state, which helps to dissipate heat from the laser cutting head.

[0014] When the laser cutting head is close to the side of the special-shaped workpiece, the driving member drives the adjusting cylinder corresponding to the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece to slide and rise and fall. Since the guide hole is spirally arranged along the circumferential wall of the adjusting cylinder, and the guide column is slidably adapted to the guide hole, the adjusting cylinder is not easy to rotate under the action of the limiting structure, thereby driving the guide column to slide along the guide hole, and then driving the corresponding baffle to rotate until the baffle rotates to be parallel to the side plate. At this time, the corresponding baffle is located between the side plate and the nozzle, and the metal debris generated by the cutting is splashed out from the gap on the bottom side of the baffle. When the side plate rebounds, the baffle blocks the metal debris, making it difficult for the metal debris to rebound onto the nozzle and cause the nozzle to be blocked or deformed, thereby improving the stability of the laser beam and the auxiliary gas, which is helpful for cutting special-shaped workpieces, improving the cutting quality, and increasing the service life of the nozzle.

[0015] At the same time, the processing component processes the smoke and metal debris generated by cutting, making it difficult for the smoke to adhere to the surface of the laser cutting head and enter the interior through the installation gap of the laser cutting head, reducing the impact on the internal optical components of the laser cutting head, reducing the impact on the focusing of the laser beam and the energy transmission efficiency, improving the cutting quality, and making it difficult for the rebounded metal debris to accumulate on the sides of special-shaped workpieces, facilitating subsequent processing.

[0016] Optionally, the adjusting cylinder is elastically slidably arranged in the mounting cylinder, and the driving member includes an adjusting rod elastically slidably arranged on the mounting cylinder, and the end of the adjusting rod close to the axis of the mounting cylinder is inclined, and the inclined side of the adjusting rod is movably pressed against the end of the adjusting cylinder away from the baffle, and the other end of the adjusting rod protrudes from the outer peripheral wall of the mounting cylinder and is movably pressed against the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the laser cutting head approaches the side of the special-shaped workpiece, the corresponding adjusting rod protrudes from the end of the outer peripheral wall of the mounting tube against the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece, and drives the adjusting rod to slide in the direction close to the axis of the mounting tube, so that the inclined side of the adjusting rod is tightly against the end of the adjusting tube away from the baffle, and drives the adjusting tube to slide down, so as to realize the rotation of the baffle to be parallel to the side plate.

[0018] When the laser cutting head approaches the middle of the special-shaped workpiece, the adjusting rod is separated from the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece, and the adjusting rod slides in the direction away from the axis of the mounting tube under the action of the elastic restoring force. At the same time, the adjusting tube slides up under the action of the elastic restoring force to realize the rotation of the baffle, so that the baffle rotates until its direction is consistent with the radius direction of the mounting tube.

[0019] The automatic rotation adjustment of the corresponding baffle is realized under different working conditions, and when the rebounding metal debris is blocked, the other baffle is in an open state, which is helpful for the heat dissipation of the laser cutting head.

[0020] Optionally, the baffle is hollow, and a plurality of evenly distributed flow holes are provided on the two opposite side walls which are parallel to and movable between the baffle and the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece; the processing assembly includes a negative pressure member arranged on the mounting tube, and four groups of negative pressure members are provided, and the four groups of negative pressure members correspond one-to-one to the four groups of baffles; a filter plate is provided in the baffle, and the filter plate divides the inner cavity of the baffle into a first cavity and a second cavity; when the baffle is rotated to be parallel to the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece, the second cavity is located on the side close to the nozzle, and the negative pressure member is communicated with the second cavity; a switching member for switching the inner cavity of the baffle between positive pressure and negative pressure is provided on the mounting tube, and a collecting member for collecting metal debris is provided on the baffle.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when laser cutting is performed on the middle part of the special-shaped workpiece, the baffle is in an open state. At this time, the negative pressure member generates positive pressure in the second cavity. Since the first cavity and the second cavity are separated by a filter plate as a partition, positive pressure is also generated in the first cavity, so that the gas flows outward through the flow holes on the opposite side walls of the baffle, and blows the smoke generated by the cutting away from the laser cutting head. Under the action of the airflow of the two adjacent baffles, the smoke is driven to flow along the direction of the radius of the installation tube in the direction away from the installation tube, thereby improving the effect of blowing away the smoke, reducing the influence of the smoke on the laser cutting head, and improving the cutting quality. At the same time, the blowing drives the gas flow, which is helpful for the heat dissipation of the laser cutting head.

[0022] When the laser cutting head is close to the side of the special-shaped workpiece, the corresponding baffle rotates to be parallel to the side plate. At this time, smoke and dust are easy to gather on the baffle, and the flow hole of the baffle close to the nozzle is facing the nozzle. If air is blown, the smoke and dust will be blown to the laser cutting head, so the switching part works. At this time, the negative pressure part generates negative pressure in the second cavity and the first cavity, realizing suction and sucking in smoke and rebounded metal debris. At the same time, the metal debris is filtered through the set filter plate, and the metal debris is collected and cleaned through the collecting part.

[0023] The optional switching member includes a connecting pipe arranged at the top of the baffle, the connecting pipe is connected to the second cavity, one end of the connecting pipe away from the baffle is in contact with the bottom wall of the mounting tube, the negative pressure member is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the negative pressure member is provided with a first air inlet pipe and a second air inlet pipe at the air inlet, the negative pressure member is provided with a first air outlet pipe and a second air outlet pipe at the air outlet, the connecting pipe corresponds to the first air inlet pipe and the first air outlet pipe and is movably connected;

[0024] When laser cutting is performed on the middle part of a special-shaped workpiece, the direction of the baffle is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube, at which time the connecting pipe corresponds to the first air outlet pipe, and the negative pressure member generates positive pressure in the baffle;

[0025] When laser cutting is performed on the side of a special-shaped workpiece, the baffle is parallel to the corresponding side plate, at which time the connecting pipe corresponds to the first air inlet pipe, and the negative pressure member generates negative pressure in the baffle.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when laser cutting is performed on the middle part of a special-shaped workpiece, the direction of the baffle is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube. At this time, the connecting pipe corresponds to and is connected to the first air outlet pipe. The negative pressure member causes the gas to be sucked in from the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe, and discharged from the first air outlet pipe and the second air outlet pipe, so that the gas enters the second cavity from the first air outlet pipe, and a positive pressure is generated in the second cavity, thereby achieving blowing, so that the smoke generated by the cutting is kept away from the laser cutting head.

[0027] When laser cutting is performed on the side of a special-shaped workpiece, the corresponding baffle rotates to be parallel to the side plate. At this time, the connecting pipe rotates to correspond to the first air inlet pipe and is connected to the first air inlet pipe. The negative pressure member causes the gas in the second cavity to be sucked in from the first air inlet pipe and discharged from the second air outlet pipe, thereby generating negative pressure in the second cavity, thereby achieving air suction and collecting and processing the metal debris and smoke generated by the cutting.

[0028] In both working states, the baffle plate can be automatically switched to suction / blow by rotating it, thus improving the operation efficiency.

[0029] Optionally, the collecting member includes a collecting box arranged on the inner bottom wall of the first cavity, the top side of the collecting box is open, a movable plate is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the baffle, one end of the movable plate away from the rotating axis is movably fitted with the inner wall of the first cavity and movably blocks the open end of the collecting box, and an operating member for rotating and adjusting the movable plate is provided on the mounting tube.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, when the laser cutting head approaches the side of the special-shaped workpiece, the corresponding baffle rotates, and at the same time, the operating member drives the movable plate to rotate, so that the end of the movable plate away from the rotating shaft is separated from the inner wall of the first cavity. At this time, the opening end of the collection box is in an open state, and then the baffle continues to rotate until it is parallel to the corresponding side plate. At this time, the baffle performs air suction, sucks the rebounded metal debris into the first cavity, and adsorbs it on the filter plate.

[0031] When the laser cutting head approaches the middle of the special-shaped workpiece, the baffle rotates to stagger the connecting pipe, the first air outlet pipe and the first air inlet pipe. At this time, the air pressure inside and outside the baffle is balanced, and the metal debris in the first cavity falls into the collection box due to gravity. Then the operating part drives the movable plate to rotate, so that the end of the movable plate away from the rotating shaft fits with the inner wall of the first cavity. At this time, the movable plate blocks the open end of the collection box.

[0032] The baffle continues to rotate until the direction of the baffle is consistent with the radial direction of the installation tube. At this time, the connecting pipe is connected to the first air outlet pipe. At this time, the baffle blows air, and the metal debris is in the collection box. The open end of the collection box is in a blocked state, and it is not easy to blow the metal debris in the collection box to the special-shaped workpiece again.

[0033] Optionally, the operating member includes a pushing gear coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft of the movable plate, and a pushing rack is elastically provided on the side wall of the baffle away from the rotating shaft, the pushing rack is meshed with the pushing gear, and the other end of the pushing rack is arc-shaped and movably protrudes from the top wall of the baffle, and the protruding end side of the pushing rack is movably pressed against the bottom wall of the mounting tube.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, when the laser cutting head approaches the side of the special-shaped workpiece, the corresponding baffle rotates, so that the arc surface of the push rack is pressed against the bottom wall of the mounting tube, driving the push rack to descend and the push gear to rotate, thereby driving the movable plate to rotate, so that the opening end of the collection box is in an open state.

[0035] When the laser cutting head approaches the middle of the special-shaped workpiece, the baffle rotates to separate the arc surface of the push rack from the bottom wall of the mounting tube. At this time, the push rack rises under the action of the elastic restoring force and drives the push gear to rotate, thereby driving the movable plate to rotate, thereby sealing the open end of the collection box.

[0036] Through the above solution, when the baffle rotates and switches between suction and blowing, the movable plate rotates synchronously and coordinately, and switches the open / blocked state of the opening end of the collection box, thereby improving the operating efficiency.

[0037] Optionally, multiple groups of guide plates are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the baffle, and the multiple groups of guide plates are rotatably connected in sequence. The opposite side walls of the guide plates move in unison with the opposite side walls of the baffle with flow holes, and a sliding component is provided on the baffle to rotationally adjust the guide plates.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, when the laser cutting head approaches the side of the special-shaped workpiece, the corresponding baffle rotates, and at the same time the sliding assembly drives multiple groups of guide plates to rotate, and the multiple groups of guide plates are combined into an inclined shape, and the end of the guide plate away from the rotating axis is located on the side of the baffle away from the laser cutting head, which is convenient for auxiliary gas and metal debris to pass through the bottom of the guide plate, and after the metal debris is bounced back by the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece, it is not easy to splash through the bottom of the guide plate again toward the nozzle, thereby improving the blocking effect of metal debris.

[0039] When laser cutting is performed on the middle part of a special-shaped workpiece, the sliding assembly drives the guide plate to rotate so that the side wall of the guide plate is consistent with the side wall of the baffle. When blowing air, the guide plate is not easy to affect the balance of the airflow on both sides, and turbulence is not easy to form, thereby improving the stability of the airflow, thereby improving the effect of blowing smoke away from the laser cutting head.

[0040] Optionally, the sliding assembly includes multiple groups of sliding columns arranged on the pushing rack, and the multiple groups of sliding columns correspond one-to-one to the multiple groups of guide plates. A sliding groove is opened on the side wall of the guide plate close to the pushing rack, and the sliding groove is long and inclined. The sliding column is movably pressed against the inner side wall of the sliding groove. When the baffle plate is rotated to be parallel to the corresponding side plate, an end of the sliding groove close to the laser cutting head is located below an end of the sliding groove away from the laser cutting head. The inclination angle of the sliding groove increases successively from close to the baffle plate to away from the baffle plate.

[0041] By adopting the above technical solution, when the laser cutting head approaches the side of the special-shaped workpiece, the push rack descends, thereby driving the sliding column to descend. Since the sliding groove is long and inclined, the sliding column slides in the sliding groove in the direction away from the push rack, and the sliding column is pressed against the inner wall of the sliding groove, thereby driving the guide plate to rotate, so that the end of the guide plate away from the rotating shaft is located on the side of the baffle away from the laser cutting head.

[0042] When laser cutting is performed on the middle part of a special-shaped workpiece, the push rack rises, driving the sliding column to rise, causing the sliding column to slide in the sliding groove toward the push rack, thereby driving the guide plate to rotate and making the side wall of the guide plate consistent with the side wall of the baffle.

[0043] Through the above solution, when the baffle rotates and switches between suction and blowing, the guide plate rotates and adjusts synchronously and coordinately to improve operating efficiency.

[0044] The present application also provides a plate laser cutting process, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0045] S1, pretreatment, cleaning the special-shaped workpiece to remove dirt, grease, oxides and other impurities on the surface;

[0046] S2, the technician places the pre-processed special-shaped workpiece on the workbench and fixes the special-shaped workpiece through the fixing component, then the moving component drives the laser cutting head to the starting point of the cutting path and descends to adjust the focus position;

[0047] S3, the laser cutting head starts to cut the special-shaped workpiece, and the negative pressure piece starts to work. At this time, the direction of the baffle is consistent with the radial direction of the installation cylinder, and the negative pressure piece generates positive pressure in the inner cavity of the baffle, so as to realize air blowing and blow the smoke and dust generated by cutting away from the laser cutting head;

[0048] When the laser cutting head approaches the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece, the corresponding baffle rotates to be parallel to the side plate. At this time, the metal debris generated by cutting splashes out from the gap on the bottom side of the baffle. When it encounters the side plate rebound, the baffle blocks the metal debris, and the switching part works at the same time. At this time, the negative pressure part generates negative pressure in the inner cavity of the baffle, and the rebounded metal debris is absorbed, filtered and collected by suction, and the smoke and dust gathered on the side of the special-shaped workpiece are sucked in and discharged away from the cutting area;

[0049] S4, when the laser cutting head cuts the other side of the special-shaped workpiece, the step of S3 is repeated until the special-shaped workpiece is processed;

[0050] S5. After cutting is completed, the technicians inspect the finished product obtained in step S4 to check whether there are quality problems such as rough cutting surface, slag, burrs, deformation, etc. If burrs, slag, and rough cutting surface are found, the machine will be shut down for inspection. If no quality problems occur, the next special-shaped workpiece will be processed and cut.

[0051] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0052] 1. Through the installation tube, baffle, adjustment tube, guide column and driving member, when laser cutting is performed on the middle of a special-shaped workpiece, the direction of the baffle is consistent with the radial direction of the installation tube. At this time, the baffle is in an open state, which is conducive to the heat dissipation of the laser cutting head;

[0053] When the laser cutting head approaches the side of the special-shaped workpiece, the driving part drives the adjusting cylinder corresponding to the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece to slide down, drives the guide column to slide along the guide hole, and rotates the baffle plate to be parallel to the side plate, so as to block the metal debris rebounding from the side plate, so that the metal debris is not easy to rebound to the nozzle and cause the nozzle to be blocked or deformed, thereby improving the stability of the laser beam and the auxiliary gas, which is helpful for cutting special-shaped workpieces, improving the cutting quality, and increasing the service life of the nozzle;

[0054] 2. Through the negative pressure parts, filter plates, switching parts and collecting parts, when laser cutting is performed on the middle part of a special-shaped workpiece, the negative pressure parts generate positive pressure in the baffle to achieve air blowing, so that the smoke generated by the cutting is blown away from the laser cutting head, making it difficult for the smoke to adhere to the surface of the laser cutting head and enter the interior through the installation gap of the laser cutting head, thereby reducing the impact on the optical elements inside the laser cutting head and improving the cutting quality. At the same time, the air blowing drives the gas flow, which is helpful for the heat dissipation of the laser cutting head;

[0055] When the laser cutting head is close to the side of the special-shaped workpiece, if the baffle blows air, the smoke and dust will be blown to the laser cutting head. At this time, the switching part works, and the negative pressure part generates negative pressure in the baffle to achieve air suction and suck in the smoke and rebounded metal debris. At the same time, the metal debris is filtered through the set filter plate, and the metal debris is filtered and collected through the collecting part and the filter plate;

[0056] 3. Through the guide plate and sliding assembly, when the laser cutting head is close to the side of the special-shaped workpiece, the sliding assembly drives the guide plate to rotate, and multiple groups of guide plates are inclined, which is convenient for auxiliary gas and metal debris to pass through the bottom of the guide plate. At the same time, the gap between the guide plate and the surface of the special-shaped workpiece is maintained, so that after the metal debris is rebounded by the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece, it is not easy to splash toward the nozzle through the bottom of the guide plate again, thereby improving the blocking effect of metal debris. When laser cutting is performed on the middle part of the special-shaped workpiece, the sliding assembly makes the side wall of the guide plate consistent with the side wall of the baffle, so that the guide plate is not easy to affect the balance of the airflow on both sides during blowing, and turbulence is not easy to form, thereby improving the stability of the airflow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the mounting cylinder and the baffle;

[0059] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the baffle, the adjustment cylinder and the adjustment rod;

[0060] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the baffle, the collection box and the movable plate;

[0061] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A;

[0062] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the guide plate and the baffle in another state.

[0063] Figure numerals: 1, workbench; 11, moving assembly; 12, fixed assembly; 13, control device; 2, laser cutting head; 21, nozzle; 22, laser generator; 3, mounting cylinder; 4, baffle; 41, flow hole; 42, cleaning port; 43, guide plate; 5, adjustment assembly; 51, adjustment cylinder; 52, guide column; 53, guide hole; 54, driving member; 541, adjustment rod; 6, processing assembly; 61, negative pressure member; 62, filter plate; 63, first Cavity; 64, second cavity; 65, switching member; 651, connecting pipe; 652, first air inlet pipe; 653, second air inlet pipe; 654, first air outlet pipe; 655, second air outlet pipe; 656, blocking plate; 657, air filter; 66, collecting member; 661, collecting box; 662, movable plate; 67, operating member; 671, push gear; 672, push rack; 7, sliding assembly; 71, sliding column; 72, sliding groove; 8, special-shaped workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0065] The present application embodiment discloses a plate laser cutting platform and a laser cutting process. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The plate laser cutting platform and the laser cutting process include a rectangular workbench 1 placed horizontally on the ground and a laser cutting head 2 arranged on the workbench 1. The laser cutting head 2 includes a laser generator 22 and a nozzle 21 coaxially fixed to the bottom of the laser generator 22. The workbench 1 is provided with a moving component 11 for moving the laser cutting head 2 in the X, Y and Z directions, and a fixing component 12 for fixing the special-shaped workpiece 8. The laser cutting head 2 is arranged vertically toward the workbench 1. A mounting tube 3 is fixed on the laser cutting head 2. The mounting tube 3 is coaxially sleeved on the laser cutting head 2. On the cutting head 2, four groups of baffles 4 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting cylinder 3. The four groups of baffles 4 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the mounting cylinder 3. The four groups of baffles 4 correspond to the four side plates of the special-shaped workpiece 8 one by one. The rotating axes of the baffles 4 are vertically arranged. A gap is left between the bottom side of the baffle 4 and the special-shaped workpiece 8 for metal debris generated by cutting to splash outward. An adjusting component 5 for rotating and adjusting the baffle 4 is provided on the mounting cylinder 3. A control device 13 for controlling the movement path of the moving component 11 is also provided on the workbench 1. The control device 13 is electrically connected to the moving component 11.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The adjusting assembly 5 includes an adjusting cylinder 51 elastically slidably connected to the mounting cylinder 3. The adjusting cylinder 51 is provided with four groups, and the four groups of adjusting cylinders 51 correspond to the four groups of baffles 4 one by one. The sliding direction of the adjusting cylinder 51 is consistent with the direction of the rotation axis of the baffle 4. The adjusting cylinder 51 and the rotating shaft of the baffle 4 are coaxially arranged. A limiting structure that makes it difficult for the adjusting cylinder 51 to rotate is provided on the mounting cylinder 3. The limiting structure includes a limiting block fixed in the mounting cylinder 3. A limiting groove that is slidably matched with the limiting block is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the adjusting cylinder 51. The opening direction of the limiting groove is consistent with the sliding direction of the adjusting cylinder 51. A guide hole 53 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the adjusting cylinder 51. The guide hole 53 is spirally arranged along the circumferential wall of the adjusting cylinder 51. A guide column 52 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the baffle 4. The guide column 52 is arranged perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the baffle 4. The guide column 52 is slidably matched with the inner side wall of the guide hole 53. A driving member 54 that drives the adjusting cylinder 51 to slide is provided on the mounting cylinder 3.

[0067] The driving member 54 includes an adjusting rod 541 elastically slidably arranged on the mounting tube 3, the adjusting rod 541 slides in the horizontal direction and is perpendicular to the side plate of the corresponding special-shaped workpiece 8, the end of the adjusting rod 541 close to the axis of the mounting tube 3 is inclined, and the inclined side of the adjusting rod 541 is movably pressed against the end of the adjusting tube 51 away from the baffle 4. When the inclined side of the adjusting rod 541 is separated from the end of the adjusting tube 51 away from the baffle 4, the end of the adjusting tube 51 away from the baffle 4 is pressed against the bottom wall of the adjusting rod 541, and the other end of the adjusting rod 541 protrudes from the outer peripheral wall of the mounting tube 3 and is movably pressed against the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece 8.

[0068] During processing, the technician first places the special-shaped workpiece 8 on the workbench 1, fixes the special-shaped workpiece 8 on the top of the workbench 1 through the fixing component 12, and then drives the moving component 11 through the control device 13, so that the moving component 11 drives the laser cutting head 2 to move to the starting point of the pre-designed cutting path, and drives the laser cutting head 2 to descend, adjusts the distance between the laser beam focus and the upper surface of the special-shaped workpiece 8, and then the laser generator 22 emits a laser and cuts the special-shaped workpiece 8. At the same time, the nozzle 21 guides the high-pressure auxiliary gas to the cutting point to blow away the metal debris generated by the cutting.

[0069] When the laser cutting head 2 is close to the side of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the corresponding adjusting rod 541 protrudes from the end of the outer peripheral wall of the mounting tube 3 and presses against the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece 8, and drives the adjusting rod 541 to slide in the direction close to the axis of the mounting tube 3, so that the inclined side of the adjusting rod 541 presses against the end of the adjusting tube 51 away from the baffle 4, and drives the adjusting tube 51 to slide in the direction close to the baffle 4. At the same time, the limit block slides in the limit groove, so that the adjusting tube 51 is not easy to rotate. Since the guide hole 53 is spirally arranged along the circumferential wall of the adjusting tube 51, and the guide column 52 is slidably adapted to the guide hole 53, the guide column 52 is driven to slide along the guide hole 53, thereby driving the corresponding baffle 4 is rotated until the baffle 4 is rotated to be parallel to the side plate. At this time, the end of the adjusting cylinder 51 away from the baffle 4 is pressed against the bottom wall of the adjusting rod 541 to achieve the constant relative position of the baffle 4 and the side plate. At the same time, the corresponding baffle 4 is located between the side plate and the nozzle 21, which is convenient for cutting the side of the special-shaped workpiece 8. When the metal debris generated by the cutting is splashed out from the gap on the bottom side of the baffle 4 and rebounds against the side plate, the baffle 4 blocks the metal debris, making it difficult for the metal debris to rebound onto the nozzle 21 and cause the nozzle 21 to be blocked or deformed. The stability of the laser beam and the auxiliary gas is helpful to cut the special-shaped workpiece 8, improve the cutting quality, and increase the service life of the nozzle 21.

[0070] When the laser cutting head 2 is close to the middle of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the adjusting rod 541 is separated from the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece 8, and the adjusting rod 541 slides in the direction away from the axis of the mounting tube 3 under the action of the elastic restoring force, so that the end of the adjusting rod 541 away from the baffle 4 is pressed against the inclined side of the adjusting rod 541. At the same time, the adjusting tube 51 rises under the action of the elastic restoring force, realizing automatic rotation adjustment of the baffle 4, so that the baffle 4 rotates to be consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube 3. At this time, the baffle 4 is in an open state, which is conducive to the heat dissipation of the laser cutting head 2.

[0071] Furthermore, in order to process the metal debris and smoke generated by cutting, a processing component 6 is provided on the mounting tube 3, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The baffle 4 is hollow, and a plurality of evenly distributed flow holes 41 are provided on the opposite side walls of the baffle 4 and the side plates of the special-shaped workpiece 8 that are movable and parallel. The processing assembly 6 includes a negative pressure member 61 fixed on the mounting tube 3. In the present application, the negative pressure member 61 is an air pump. There are four groups of negative pressure members 61, and the four groups of negative pressure members 61 correspond to the four groups of baffles 4 one by one. A filter plate 62 is fixed in the baffle 4, and the filter plate 62 is parallel to the side wall of the baffle 4 with the flow holes 41. The filter plate 62 divides the inner cavity of the baffle 4 into a first cavity 63 and a second cavity 64. When the baffle 4 rotates to be parallel to the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the second cavity 64 is located on the side close to the nozzle 21, and the negative pressure member 61 is connected to the second cavity 64. The mounting tube 3 is provided with a switching member 65 for switching the inner cavity of the baffle 4 between positive pressure and negative pressure.

[0072] Reference Figure 1 The switching member 65 includes a connecting pipe 651 fixed to the top of the baffle 4, the connecting pipe 651 is connected to the second cavity 64, and one end of the connecting pipe 651 away from the baffle 4 is in contact with the bottom wall of the mounting tube 3. The negative pressure member 61 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The negative pressure member 61 is provided with a first air inlet pipe 652 and a second air inlet pipe 653 at the air inlet, and a first air outlet pipe 654 and a second air outlet pipe 655 at the air outlet. The second air outlet pipe 655 and the second air inlet pipe 653 are away from the negative pressure member 61. One end of the pressure piece 61 is away from the laser cutting head 2 area, so that the inlet and outlet air flows are not easy to affect the suction / blowing of the baffle 4 during laser cutting. At the same time, the end of the second air inlet pipe 653 away from the negative pressure piece 61 is fixedly connected to an air filter 657, so as to maintain the purity of the gas during blowing. The connecting pipe 651 corresponds to the first air inlet pipe 652 and the first air outlet pipe 654 and is movably connected. A sealing plate 656 is fixed on the top of the baffle 4, and the sealing plate 656 can movably block the first air inlet pipe 652 and the first air outlet pipe 654.

[0073] When laser cutting is performed on the middle part of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the baffle 4 is in an open state, the direction of the baffle 4 is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube 3, the connecting pipe 651 corresponds to and is connected with the first air outlet pipe 654, and the sealing plate 656 blocks the first air inlet pipe 652. At this time, the negative pressure member 61 allows the gas to be sucked in only from the second air inlet pipe 653, so that the gas is not easily sucked in from the first air inlet pipe 652, reducing the impact on the airflow during blowing, and then the negative pressure member 61 discharges the gas from the first air outlet pipe 654 and the second air outlet pipe 655, so that the gas enters the second cavity 64 from the first air outlet pipe 654, so that a positive pressure is generated in the second cavity 64.

[0074] At the same time, since the first cavity 63 and the second cavity 64 are separated by the filter plate 62, a positive pressure is also generated in the first cavity 63, so that the gas flows outward through the flow holes 41 on the opposite side walls of the baffle 4, and blowing is realized to blow the smoke generated by the cutting away from the laser cutting head 2. Under the action of the airflow of the two adjacent baffles 4, the smoke near the laser cutting head 2 is driven to flow along the radius of the mounting tube 3 in the direction away from the mounting tube 3, thereby improving the effect of blowing away the smoke, reducing the influence of the smoke on the laser cutting head 2, and improving the cutting quality. At the same time, the blowing drives the gas flow near the laser cutting head 2, which is helpful for the heat dissipation of the laser cutting head 2.

[0075] When the laser cutting head 2 is close to the side of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the corresponding baffle 4 rotates to be parallel to the side plate, smoke and dust are easy to gather at the baffle 4, and the flow hole 41 of the baffle 4 close to the nozzle 21 is facing the nozzle 21. If blowing, the smoke and dust are easily blown to the laser cutting head 2. At the same time, the connecting pipe 651 rotates to correspond to and communicate with the first air inlet pipe 652, and the blocking plate 656 blocks the first air outlet pipe 654. At this time, the negative pressure member 61 causes the gas in the second cavity 64 to be sucked in from the first air inlet pipe 652 and the second air inlet pipe 653, and only discharged from the second air outlet pipe 655, so that the gas is not easy to be discharged from the first air outlet, reducing the impact on the airflow during inhalation, and at the same time generating negative pressure in the second cavity 64, thereby realizing inhalation and sucking in smoke and rebounded metal debris, and filtering the metal debris through the set filter plate 62.

[0076] Further, in order to collect and clean the filtered metal debris, a collecting member 66 for collecting the metal debris is provided on the baffle 4, referring to Figure 4 The collecting member 66 includes a collecting box 661 slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the first cavity 63, the top side of the collecting box 661 is open, and one end of the collecting box 661 away from the filter plate 62 protrudes from the outer wall of the baffle 4, and a cleaning port 42 is provided on the side wall of the baffle 4 for the collecting box 661 to slide through, so that the technicians can take out the collecting box 661 from the cleaning port 42 and recycle and clean the collected metal debris. A movable plate 662 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the baffle 4, and the rotation axis of the movable plate 662 is parallel to the filter plate 62 and perpendicular to the rotation axis of the baffle 4. One end of the movable plate 662 away from its rotation axis is movably fitted with the inner wall of the first cavity 63, and the open end of the collecting box 661 is movably blocked, and an operating member 67 for rotating and adjusting the movable plate 662 is provided on the mounting tube 3.

[0077] Reference Figure 5The operating member 67 includes a pushing gear 671 coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft of the movable plate 662. A pushing rack 672 is elastically connected to the side wall of the baffle 4 away from the rotating shaft. The pushing rack 672 moves in the vertical direction. The pushing rack 672 is meshed with the pushing gear 671. The other end of the pushing rack 672 is arc-shaped and protrudes from the top wall of the baffle 4. The protruding end side of the pushing rack 672 is movably pressed against the bottom wall of the mounting tube 3.

[0078] When the laser cutting head 2 approaches the side of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the corresponding baffle 4 rotates, so that the protruding end side of the pushing rack 672 is pressed against the bottom wall of the mounting tube 3, driving the pushing rack 672 to descend, and driving the pushing gear 671 to rotate, thereby driving the movable plate 662 to rotate, so that the end of the movable plate 662 away from the rotating shaft is separated from the inner wall of the first cavity 63. At this time, the opening end of the collecting box 661 is in an open state, and then the baffle 4 continues to rotate until it is parallel to the corresponding side plate. At this time, the baffle 4 sucks air to suck the rebounded metal debris into the first cavity 63 and adsorbs it on the filter plate 62.

[0079] When the laser cutting head 2 is close to the middle of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the baffle 4 rotates, so that the connecting pipe 651 is staggered with the first air outlet pipe 654 and the first air inlet pipe 652. At this time, the air pressure inside and outside the baffle 4 is balanced, and the metal debris in the first cavity 63 falls into the collection box 661 due to gravity, until the baffle 4 rotates to the arc surface of the push rack and separates from the bottom wall of the mounting tube 3. At this time, the push rack 672 rises under the action of the elastic restoring force, and drives the push gear 671 to rotate, thereby driving the movable plate 662 to rotate, so that the end of the movable plate 662 away from the rotating shaft fits with the inner wall of the first cavity 63, so that the movable plate 662 blocks the open end of the collection box 661;

[0080] Then the baffle 4 continues to rotate until the direction of the baffle 4 is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube 3. At this time, the connecting pipe 651 is connected to the first air outlet pipe 654. At this time, the baffle 4 blows air, and the metal debris is in the collecting box 661. The open end of the collecting box 661 is in a blocked state, and it is not easy to blow the metal debris in the collecting box 661 to the special-shaped workpiece 8 again. At the same time, when the baffle 4 rotates and switches the suction / blowing, the movable plate 662 rotates synchronously and coordinately, and the open end of the collecting box 661 is switched to the open / blocked state, thereby improving the operating efficiency.

[0081] Further, in order to facilitate the airflow and the sputtered metal debris to pass through the gap between the baffle 4 and the special-shaped workpiece 8 and maintain the blocking effect on the metal debris, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6The bottom of the baffle 4 is rotatably connected to multiple groups of guide plates 43. In the present application, the guide plates 43 are set to two groups. In other embodiments, the guide plates 43 can also be set to three groups, five groups, six groups or other groups. The layout method is consistent with the present application. The rotation axis of the guide plate 43 is consistent with the rotation axis direction of the movable plate 662. The opposite side walls of the guide plate 43 are consistent with the opposite side walls of the baffle 4 with the flow holes 41. The baffle 4 is provided with a sliding component 7 for rotationally adjusting the guide plate 43.

[0082] The sliding assembly 7 includes two groups of sliding columns 71 fixed on the pushing rack 672, and the two groups of sliding columns 71 correspond to the two groups of guide plates 43 one by one. A sliding groove 72 is opened on the side wall of the guide plate 43 close to the pushing rack 672. The sliding groove 72 is long and inclined. The sliding column 71 is movably pressed against the inner side wall of the sliding groove 72. When the baffle 4 rotates to be parallel to the corresponding side plate, the end of the sliding groove 72 close to the laser cutting head 2 is located below the end of the sliding groove 72 away from the laser cutting head 2, and the inclination angle of the sliding groove 72 increases from top to bottom of the two groups of guide plates 43.

[0083] When the laser cutting head 2 approaches the side of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the corresponding baffle 4 rotates to realize the lowering of the push rack 672, thereby driving the sliding column 71 to descend. Since the sliding groove 72 is long and inclined, the sliding column 71 slides in the sliding groove 72 in the direction away from the push rack 672, and the sliding column 71 is pressed against the inner wall of the sliding groove 72, thereby driving the guide plate 43 to rotate, so that the two groups of guide plates 43 are inclined, and the end of the guide plate 43 away from the rotating axis is located on the side of the baffle 4 away from the laser cutting head 2, which is convenient for auxiliary gas and metal debris to pass through from the bottom of the guide plate 43, while maintaining a gap between the guide plate 43 and the surface of the special-shaped workpiece 8, thereby enhancing the blocking effect on metal debris.

[0084] When laser cutting is performed on the middle part of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the corresponding baffle 4 rotates, and the push rack 672 rises under the action of the elastic restoring force, driving the sliding column 71 to rise, so that the sliding column 71 slides in the sliding groove 72 toward the push rack 672, thereby driving the guide plate 43 to rotate, so that the side wall of the guide plate 43 is consistent with the side wall of the baffle 4, and the guide plate 43 is not easy to affect the balance of the airflow on both sides during blowing, and it is not easy to form turbulence, thereby improving the stability of the airflow, thereby improving the effect of blowing smoke away from the laser cutting head 2.

[0085] The implementation principle of a plate laser cutting platform and a laser cutting process in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: when laser cutting of a special-shaped workpiece 8 is required, the technician places the special-shaped workpiece 8 to be processed on the workbench 1, and fixes the special-shaped workpiece 8 through the fixing component 12, and then the technician drives the moving component 11 through the control device 13, so that the moving component 11 drives the laser cutting head 2 to move to the starting point of the pre-designed cutting path, and descends to adjust the focus position, and then the laser cutting head 2 cuts the special-shaped workpiece 8.

[0086] At the same time, the negative pressure member 61 works, and the connecting pipe 651 is connected to the first air outlet, so that positive pressure is generated in the second cavity 64, and the baffle 4 is blown to blow the smoke generated by the cutting away from the position of the laser cutting head 2, thereby reducing the influence of the smoke on the laser cutting head 2 and improving the cutting quality. At this time, the direction of the baffle 4 is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube 3. At the same time, the blowing drives the gas flow, which is helpful for the heat dissipation of the laser cutting head 2.

[0087] At the same time, the movable plate 662 fits against the inner wall of the first cavity 63 to seal the open end of the collection box 661 . When the baffle 4 blows air, it is not easy to blow the metal debris in the collection box 661 toward the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece 8 .

[0088] When the laser cutting head 2 is close to the side of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the corresponding adjusting rod 541 is pressed against the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece 8, driving the adjusting rod 541 to slide, so that the adjusting rod 541 is pressed against the adjusting cylinder 51, and driving the adjusting cylinder 51 to descend, so that the guide column 52 slides in the guide hole 53, realizing the rotation of the corresponding baffle 4, so that the baffle 4 is parallel to the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece 8. At this time, the metal debris generated by the cutting is splashed out from the gap on the bottom side of the baffle 4. When encountering a rebound from the side plate, the baffle 4 blocks the metal debris.

[0089] At the same time, when the baffle 4 rotates, the connecting pipe 651 rotates to be connected with the first air inlet, so that negative pressure is generated in the second cavity 64, and the corresponding baffle 4 is sucked in. At this time, the flow hole 41 is facing the laser cutting head 2, and the smoke and dust gathered at the baffle 4 and the rebounded metal debris are sucked in, so that the smoke and dust are not easy to affect the laser cutting head 2. At the same time, the metal debris is adsorbed on the filter plate 62. At this time, the protruding end side of the push rack 672 is tightly pressed against the bottom wall of the mounting tube 3, and drives the push rack 672 to descend, driving the push gear 671 and the movable plate 662 to rotate, so that the open end of the collection box 661 is in an open state, and the metal debris is collected and cleaned through the collection box 661.

[0090] At the same time, the push rack 672 descends, driving the sliding column 71 to descend, thereby driving the guide plate 43 to rotate. When the baffle 4 is parallel to the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the end of the guide plate 43 away from the rotating axis is located at the end of the baffle 4 away from the laser cutting head 2, so that the two groups of guide plates 43 are inclined, which is convenient for auxiliary gas and metal debris to pass through the bottom of the guide plate 43. After the metal debris is rebounded by the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece 8, it is not easy to splash toward the nozzle 21 through the bottom of the guide plate 43 again, thereby improving the blocking effect on metal debris.

[0091] The present application discloses a plate laser cutting process, comprising the following steps:

[0092] S1, pretreatment, cleaning the special-shaped workpiece 8 to remove impurities such as dirt, grease, oxides, etc. on the surface;

[0093] S2, the technician places the pre-processed special-shaped workpiece 8 on the workbench 1, and fixes the special-shaped workpiece 8 through the fixing component 12, and then the moving component 11 drives the laser cutting head 2 to move to the starting point of the cutting path, and descends to adjust the focus position;

[0094] S3, the laser cutting head 2 starts to cut the special-shaped workpiece 8, and the negative pressure member 61 starts to work. At this time, the direction of the baffle 4 is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube 3, and the negative pressure member 61 generates positive pressure in the inner cavity of the baffle 4, so as to realize air blowing and blow the smoke generated by cutting away from the laser cutting head 2;

[0095] When the laser cutting head 2 approaches the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the corresponding baffle 4 rotates to be parallel to the side plate. At this time, the metal debris generated by the cutting is splashed out from the gap on the bottom side of the baffle 4. When the metal debris rebounds from the side plate, the baffle 4 blocks the metal debris. At the same time, the switching member 65 works. At this time, the negative pressure member 61 generates negative pressure in the inner cavity of the baffle 4, so that the rebounded metal debris is absorbed, filtered and collected by suction, and the smoke and dust gathered on the side of the special-shaped workpiece 8 are sucked in and discharged away from the cutting area.

[0096] S4, when the laser cutting head 2 cuts the other side of the special-shaped workpiece 8, the step S3 is repeated until the special-shaped workpiece 8 is processed;

[0097] S5. After cutting is completed, the technician inspects the finished product obtained in step S4 to check whether there are quality problems such as rough cutting surface, slag, burrs, deformation, etc. If burrs, slag, and rough cutting surface are found, the machine is shut down for inspection. If no quality problems occur, the next special-shaped workpiece 8 is processed and cut.

[0098] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A plate laser cutting platform, comprising a workbench (1) and a laser cutting head (2) arranged on the workbench (1), the laser cutting head (2) comprising a laser generator (22) and a nozzle (21) coaxially arranged at the bottom of the laser generator (22), the workbench (1) being provided with a moving component (11) for driving the laser cutting head (2) to move in the X, Y and Z directions and a fixing component (12) for fixing a special-shaped workpiece (8), the laser cutting head (2) being arranged toward the workbench (1), characterized in that: The laser cutting head (2) is coaxially sleeved with a mounting cylinder (3), and four groups of baffles (4) are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the mounting cylinder (3). The four groups of baffles (4) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the mounting cylinder (3), and the four groups of baffles (4) correspond to four side plates of the special-shaped workpiece (8) one by one. A gap is left between the bottom side of the baffle (4) and the special-shaped workpiece (8) for metal debris generated by cutting to splash outwards. The mounting cylinder (3) is provided with an adjustment component (5) for rotating and adjusting the baffle (4) and a processing component (6) for processing metal debris and smoke generated by cutting. When laser cutting is performed on the middle portion of a special-shaped workpiece (8), the orientation of the baffle (4) is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting cylinder (3); When the laser cutting head (2) approaches the side of the special-shaped workpiece (8), the corresponding baffle plate (4) rotates to be parallel to the side plate, and at this time, the baffle plate (4) corresponding to the side plate is located between the side plate and the nozzle (21); The adjustment assembly (5) comprises an adjustment cylinder (51) slidably arranged in the mounting cylinder (3); the adjustment cylinder (51) is provided with four groups, the four groups of the adjustment cylinder (51) corresponding to the four groups of the baffles (4) one by one; the adjustment cylinder (51) and the rotating shaft of the baffle (4) are coaxially arranged; a guide hole (53) is provided on the inner wall of the adjustment cylinder (51); the guide hole (53) is spirally arranged along the circumferential wall of the adjustment cylinder (51); a guide column (52) is provided on the rotating shaft of the baffle (4); the guide column (52) is slidably fitted with the inner side wall of the guide hole (53); a driving member (54) for driving the adjustment cylinder (51) to slide is provided on the mounting cylinder (3); and a limiting structure for limiting the rotation of the adjustment cylinder (51) is also provided on the mounting cylinder (3).

2. The sheet metal laser cutting platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting cylinder (51) is elastically slidably arranged in the mounting cylinder (3); the driving member (54) comprises an adjusting rod (541) elastically slidably arranged on the mounting cylinder (3); one end of the adjusting rod (541) close to the axis of the mounting cylinder (3) is inclined; the inclined side of the adjusting rod (541) is movably pressed against one end of the adjusting cylinder (51) away from the baffle (4); the other end of the adjusting rod (541) protrudes from the outer peripheral wall of the mounting cylinder (3) and is movably pressed against a side plate of the special-shaped workpiece (8).

3. The sheet metal laser cutting platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle (4) is hollow, and a plurality of evenly distributed flow holes (41) are provided on two opposite side walls of the baffle (4) and the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece (8) that are movable and parallel. The processing assembly (6) comprises a negative pressure member (61) provided on the mounting cylinder (3), and the negative pressure member (61) is provided in four groups, and the four groups of the negative pressure members (61) correspond to the four groups of the baffle (4) one by one. A filter plate (62) is provided inside the baffle (4), and the filter plate (62) filters the baffle (4). The inner cavity is divided into a first cavity (63) and a second cavity (64); when the baffle (4) rotates to be parallel to the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece (8), the second cavity (64) is located on a side close to the nozzle (21); the negative pressure member (61) is connected to the second cavity (64); the mounting cylinder (3) is provided with a switching member (65) for switching the inner cavity of the baffle (4) between positive pressure and negative pressure; and the baffle (4) is provided with a collecting member (66) for collecting metal debris.

4. The sheet metal laser cutting platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switching member (65) comprises a connecting pipe (651) arranged at the top of the baffle (4), the connecting pipe (651) being connected to the second cavity (64), one end of the connecting pipe (651) away from the baffle (4) being in contact with the bottom wall of the mounting tube (3), the negative pressure member (61) being provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the negative pressure member (61) being provided with a first air inlet pipe (652) and a second air inlet pipe (653) at the air inlet, the negative pressure member (61) being provided with a first air outlet pipe (654) and a second air outlet pipe (655) at the air outlet, the connecting pipe (651) being selectively corresponding to the first air inlet pipe (652) and the first air outlet pipe (654) and being movably connected; When laser cutting is performed on the middle portion of the special-shaped workpiece (8), the orientation of the baffle (4) is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube (3), at which time the connecting pipe (651) corresponds to the first air outlet pipe (654), and the negative pressure member (61) generates positive pressure in the baffle (4); When laser cutting is performed on the side of a special-shaped workpiece (8), the baffle (4) is parallel to the corresponding side plate, the connecting pipe (651) corresponds to the first air inlet pipe (652), and the negative pressure member (61) generates negative pressure in the baffle (4).

5. The sheet metal laser cutting platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collecting member (66) comprises a collecting box (661) arranged on the inner bottom wall of the first cavity (63); the top side of the collecting box (661) is open; a movable plate (662) is rotatably arranged on the inner side wall of the baffle (4); an end of the movable plate (662) away from the rotating shaft is movably fitted with the inner side wall of the first cavity (63) and movably blocks the open end of the collecting box (661); and an operating member (67) for rotatably adjusting the movable plate (662) is provided on the mounting tube (3).

6. The sheet metal laser cutting platform according to claim 5, characterized in that: The operating member (67) comprises a pushing gear (671) coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft of the movable plate (662); a pushing rack (672) is elastically provided on the side wall of the baffle plate (4) away from the rotating shaft; the pushing rack (672) is meshed with the pushing gear (671); the other end of the pushing rack (672) is in an arc shape and movably protrudes from the top wall of the baffle plate (4); the protruding end side of the pushing rack (672) is movably pressed against the bottom wall of the mounting tube (3).

7. The sheet metal laser cutting platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of guide plates (43) are rotatably arranged at the bottom of the baffle plate (4), and the plurality of groups of guide plates (43) are rotatably connected in sequence. The opposite side walls of the guide plates (43) move in unison with the opposite side walls of the baffle plate (4) on which the flow holes (41) are provided. The baffle plate (4) is provided with a sliding assembly (7) for rotatably adjusting the guide plates (43).

8. The sheet metal laser cutting platform according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (7) comprises a plurality of groups of sliding columns (71) arranged on the pushing rack (672), the plurality of groups of sliding columns (71) corresponding to the plurality of groups of guide plates (43) one by one, a sliding groove (72) is provided on the side wall of the guide plate (43) close to the pushing rack (672), the sliding groove (72) is in the shape of an elongated strip and is arranged obliquely, the sliding column (71) is movably pressed against the inner side wall of the sliding groove (72), when the baffle plate (4) rotates to be parallel to the corresponding side plate, the end of the sliding groove (72) close to the laser cutting head (2) is located below the end of the sliding groove (72) away from the laser cutting head (2), and the inclination angle of the sliding groove (72) increases successively from close to the baffle plate (4) to away from the baffle plate (4).

9. A sheet metal laser cutting process, applied to the sheet metal laser cutting platform of claim 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, pretreatment, cleaning the special-shaped workpiece (8) to remove impurities such as dirt, grease, oxides, etc. on the surface; S2, the technician places the pre-processed special-shaped workpiece (8) on the workbench (1), and fixes the special-shaped workpiece (8) through the fixing component (12), and then drives the moving component (11) to move the laser cutting head (2) to the starting point of the cutting path, and lowers it to adjust the focus position; S3, the laser cutting head (2) starts to cut the special-shaped workpiece (8), and at the same time the negative pressure member (61) starts to work, at which time the direction of the baffle (4) is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting tube (3), and the negative pressure member (61) generates a positive pressure in the inner cavity of the baffle (4), thereby blowing air and blowing the smoke and dust generated by the cutting away from the laser cutting head (2); When the laser cutting head (2) approaches the side plate of the special-shaped workpiece (8), the corresponding baffle (4) rotates to be parallel to the side plate. At this time, metal debris generated by cutting is splashed out from the gap on the bottom side of the baffle (4). When the metal debris rebounds against the side plate, the baffle (4) blocks the metal debris. At the same time, the switching member (65) works. At this time, the negative pressure member (61) generates negative pressure in the inner cavity of the baffle (4), so that the rebounded metal debris is absorbed, filtered and collected by suction, and at the same time, the smoke and dust gathered on the side of the special-shaped workpiece (8) is sucked in and discharged away from the cutting area; S4, when the laser cutting head (2) cuts the other side of the special-shaped workpiece (8), the step S3 is repeated until the special-shaped workpiece (8) is processed; S5, after the cutting is completed, the technicians inspect the finished product obtained in step S4 to check whether there are quality problems such as rough cutting surface, slag, burrs, deformation, etc. If burrs, slag, and rough cutting surface are found, the machine is stopped for inspection. If no quality problems are found, the next special-shaped workpiece (8) is processed and cut.

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