Climate adaptive on-board fuel cell hydrogen management system

Abstract

The application discloses a climate self-adaptive vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen management system, which comprises a PLC controller and a first constant temperature device, a second constant temperature device, an expansion tank, a first heat dissipation device and a hydraulic motor which are electrically connected with the PLC controller. The first constant temperature device is arranged on an alternating current motor, and the second constant temperature device is arranged on a hydrogen storage cylinder. The second constant temperature device is connected with the hydrogen storage cylinder through pipelines to form a first working medium one-way circulation pipeline, a second working medium one-way circulation pipeline and a working medium circulation pipeline for the hydrogen storage cylinder. The working medium circulation state of the working medium in different temperature ranges is set in the PLC controller, so that the working state of the hydrogen storage cylinder and the alternating current motor can be accurately controlled and adjusted. The system can stably control the temperature and pressure of an electrochemical reaction in a fuel cell group under extreme climate conditions, thereby improving the working efficiency of the fuel cell and enhancing the endurance of the automobile.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy electric vehicle and fuel cell energy management, and particularly relates to a climate adaptive vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen management system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen energy, as a new clean energy, has been widely used in many fields such as automobiles, rockets and generators due to its significant advantage of high energy density. With the continuous breakthrough of technology and the increasing perfection of industrial chain, the commercialization process of hydrogen energy vehicles is rapidly advancing.

[0003] Fuel cell is an electrochemical reaction device that can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and its types are various, including proton exchange membrane fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, phosphoric acid fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and solid oxide fuel cell. Among them, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has great market potential in the fields of vehicle transportation and standby power supply due to its low temperature operation, high current density, fast response, stable performance and only pure water as the product. As a kind of frontier new energy technology, PEMFC uses hydrogen or organic matter soluble in water as fuel and air as oxidant to generate electrical energy through chemical reaction, which is not only efficient and environmentally friendly, but also indicates a new direction of future energy utilization.

[0004] The vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen management system, as the core technology of hydrogen energy vehicles, is crucial to realize zero emission and efficient operation. Properly increasing the working temperature can accelerate the chemical reaction, but too high temperature may cause material failure, and the change of working temperature and external environment temperature can easily cause the change of fuel cell working efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, the existing vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen management system lacks fine control of fuel cell temperature and pressure under different temperature and fuel pressure conditions. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide a climate adaptive vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen management system to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the existing vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen management system lacks fine control of fuel cell temperature and pressure under different temperature and fuel pressure conditions.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A climate adaptive vehicle-mounted fuel cell hydrogen management system, comprising:

[0009] The PLC controller is electrically connected with a first constant temperature device, a second constant temperature device, an expansion tank, a first heat dissipation device and a hydraulic motor.

[0010] The working medium outlet of the expansion tank is connected with the working medium inlet of the hydraulic motor through a pipeline, the working medium outlet of the hydraulic motor is connected with the working medium inlet of the first constant temperature device through a pipeline, and the working medium outlet of the first constant temperature device is connected with the working medium inlet of the expansion tank through a pipeline.

[0011] The expansion tank, the hydraulic motor and the first constant temperature device are connected through pipelines to form a first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0012] The working medium inlet of the first heat dissipation device is connected with the working medium outlet of the hydraulic motor through a pipeline, and the working medium outlet of the first heat dissipation device is connected with the working medium outlet of the first constant temperature device through a pipeline.

[0013] The expansion tank, the hydraulic motor and the first heat dissipation device are connected through pipelines to form a second working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0014] The working medium inlet of the second constant temperature device is connected with the working medium outlets of the first heat dissipation device and the first constant temperature device through pipelines, and the working medium outlet of the second constant temperature device is connected with the working medium inlet of the expansion tank through a pipeline.

[0015] The PLC controller is provided with a first working temperature range of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0016] When the temperature of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is within the first working temperature range, the working medium only circulates in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0017] When the temperature of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is higher than the first working temperature range, the working medium circulates in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline and the second working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0018] When the temperature of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is lower than the first working temperature range, the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline and the second working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline deliver the working medium to the second constant temperature device, and the working medium after heat exchange in the second constant temperature device enters the expansion tank.

[0019] As a preferred scheme of the application, the PLC controller is provided with a first working pressure range of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0020] When the pressure of the working medium in the first one-way circulation pipeline is lower than the first working pressure range or the pressure of the working medium in the first one-way circulation pipeline is higher than the first working pressure range, the PLC controller controls the hydraulic motor to stop working.

[0021] As a preferred scheme of the present application, when the temperature of the working medium in the second constant temperature device is lower than the first working temperature range or higher than the first working temperature range, the PLC controller controls the working medium in the second constant temperature device to stop flowing and not to participate in the circulation of the working medium in the first one-way circulation pipeline and / or the second one-way circulation pipeline.

[0022] As a preferred scheme of the present application, a third constant temperature device is further included, which is arranged on the fuel cell module and has a working medium inlet connected to a water outlet of the fuel cell module; a working medium outlet of the third constant temperature device is connected to a gas-liquid separation device through a pipeline, and the gas-liquid separation device is connected to an automobile air conditioning system through a pipeline.

[0023] The PLC controller is provided with a high temperature threshold value higher than the first working temperature range and a low temperature threshold value lower than the first working temperature range.

[0024] When the temperature of the working medium in the first constant temperature device or the second constant temperature device is higher than the high temperature threshold value, a gas-liquid mixture generated by reaction in the fuel cell module in the third constant temperature device is delivered to the gas-liquid separation device, and the gas-liquid separation device is used to deliver water generated by gas-liquid separation of the gas-liquid mixture to the automobile air conditioning system.

[0025] When the temperature of the working medium in the first constant temperature device or the second constant temperature device is lower than the low temperature threshold value, a gas-liquid mixture generated by reaction in the fuel cell module in the third constant temperature device is delivered to the gas-liquid separation device, and the gas-liquid separation device is used to deliver water generated by gas-liquid separation of the gas-liquid mixture to the automobile air conditioning system to be mixed with condensed water generated by the automobile air conditioning system.

[0026] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the automobile air conditioning system is connected to a second heat dissipation device, and the second heat dissipation device is arranged in the first heat dissipation device.

[0027] The automobile air conditioning system delivers water working medium generated by the automobile air conditioning system to the second heat dissipation device, and the second heat dissipation device exchanges heat with the first heat dissipation device.

[0028] As a preferred scheme of the present application, a pilot-operated high-pressure regulating valve, a pilot-operated pressure reducing valve, a gas delivery pump and a pilot-operated low-pressure regulating valve are sequentially arranged on a hydrogen delivery pipeline connecting the hydrogen storage cylinder and the fuel cell module.

[0029] The pilot high-pressure regulating valve cooperates with the pilot pressure reducing valve to regulate the pressure of liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen delivery pipeline to the rated gas delivery pressure of the gas delivery pump.

[0030] The pilot low-pressure regulating valve regulates the flow rate of the gas output by the gas delivery pump to meet the fuel cell module flow rate requirement.

[0031] As a preferred scheme of the present application, a first temperature sensor is arranged on the hydrogen delivery pipeline connecting the pilot pressure reducing valve and the gas delivery pump.

[0032] A second temperature sensor is arranged on the pipeline connecting the first thermostat device and the second thermostat device.

[0033] The PLC controller changes the high temperature threshold of the first working temperature range or the low temperature threshold below the first working temperature range obtained by the second temperature sensor according to the temperature obtained by the first temperature sensor.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present application controls the temperature of the hydrogen storage cylinder and the AC motor in the actual working process through the temperature control pipeline of the hydrogen storage cylinder and the AC motor and the multiple working substance one-way circulation pipelines, and can effectively dissipate heat and recover heat energy of the hydrogen storage cylinder and the AC motor, so as to ensure that the hydrogen storage cylinder and the AC motor are in a stable working state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical schemes in the prior art, the drawings needed in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other implementation drawings according to the provided drawings without any creative labor.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0038] The numbers in the drawings represent the following respectively:

[0039] 1-First thermostat; 2-Second thermostat; 3-Expansion chamber; 4-First heat dissipation device; 5-Hydraulic motor; 6-Hydrogen storage cylinder; 7-AC motor; 8-Third thermostat; 9-Fuel cell module; 10-Automotive air conditioning system; 11-Gas-liquid separator; 12-Second heat dissipation device; 13-Hydrogen delivery pipeline; 14-Merging device; 15-First temperature sensor; 16-Second temperature sensor; 17, 18, 19-Pilot-operated two-position two-way solenoid valves; T1, T2, T3-Temperature sensors; P1, P2-Pressure sensors;

[0040] 1A - Inlet of expansion chamber; 1B - Outlet of expansion chamber; 2A - Inlet of second thermostatic device; 2B - Outlet of second thermostatic device; 3A - Inlet of first thermostatic device; 3B - Outlet of second thermostatic device; 4A - Inlet of first heat dissipation device; 4B - Outlet of first heat dissipation device; 5A - Inlet of third thermostatic device; 5B - Outlet of third thermostatic device; 9A - Inlet of second heat dissipation device; 9B - Outlet of second heat dissipation device. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a climate-adaptive on-board fuel cell hydrogen management system, comprising:

[0043] The PLC controller and the first temperature control device 1, the second temperature control device 2, the expansion tank 3, the first heat dissipation device 4 and the hydraulic motor 5 are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The first temperature control device 1 is mounted on the AC motor 7 and the second temperature control device 2 is mounted on the hydrogen storage cylinder 6.

[0044] The working fluid outlet of the expansion tank 3 is connected to the working fluid inlet of the hydraulic motor 5 through a pipeline. The working fluid outlet of the hydraulic motor 5 is connected to the working fluid inlet of the first thermostat 1 through a pipeline. The working fluid outlet of the first thermostat 1 is connected to the working fluid inlet of the expansion tank 3 through a pipeline.

[0045] The expansion tank 3, the hydraulic motor 5, and the first constant temperature device 1 are connected by pipes to form a first working fluid unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0046] The working fluid inlet of the first heat dissipation device 4 is connected to the working fluid outlet of the hydraulic motor 5 through a pipe, and the working fluid outlet of the first heat dissipation device 4 is connected to the working fluid outlet of the first constant temperature device 1 through a pipe.

[0047] The expansion tank 3, the hydraulic motor 5 and the first heat dissipation device 4 are connected by pipes to form a second working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0048] The working medium inlet of the second constant temperature device 2 is connected by a pipe to the working medium outlet of the first heat dissipation device 4 and the first constant temperature device 1, and the working medium outlet of the second constant temperature device 2 is connected by a pipe to the working medium inlet of the expansion tank 3.

[0049] The PLC controller is provided with a first working temperature range of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0050] When the temperature of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is within the first working temperature range, the working medium only circulates in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0051] When the temperature of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is higher than the first working temperature range, the working medium circulates in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline and the second working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0052] When the temperature of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is lower than the first working temperature range, the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline and the second working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline deliver the working medium to the second constant temperature device 2, and the working medium after heat exchange in the second constant temperature device 2 enters the expansion tank 3.

[0053] The PLC controller is provided with a first working pressure range of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0054] When the pressure of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is lower than the first working pressure range or the pressure of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is higher than the first working pressure range, the PLC controller controls the hydraulic motor 5 to stop working.

[0055] When the temperature of the working medium in the second constant temperature device 2 is lower than the first working temperature range, the PLC controller controls the working medium in the second constant temperature device 2 to stop flowing and not to participate in the circulation of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline and / or the second working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline.

[0056] The third constant temperature device 8 is further included, which has an inlet 5A and an outlet 5B, the third constant temperature device 8 is arranged on the fuel cell module 9, and the working medium inlet 5A of the third constant temperature device 8 is connected to the water outlet of the fuel cell module 9. The working medium outlet 5B of the third constant temperature device 8 is connected by a pipe to the working medium water inlet of the automobile air conditioning system 10, and the gas-liquid separation device 11 can also be connected by a pipe to the automobile air conditioning system 10.

[0057] The gas-liquid mixture generated by the fuel cell module 9 is delivered to the gas-liquid separation device 11 through the pipeline. That is, if the fuel cell module 9 generates mainly liquid water, the liquid water can be directly discharged into the third constant temperature device 8, and if it generates mainly gas-liquid mixture, it is introduced into the gas-liquid separation device 11, and the liquid water separated by the gas-liquid separation device 11 is delivered into the third constant temperature device.

[0058] The liquid water discharge port of the gas-liquid separation device 11 can also be connected to the inlet 5A of the third constant temperature device 8.

[0059] The PLC controller is provided with a high temperature threshold value higher than the first working temperature range and a low temperature threshold value lower than the first working temperature range.

[0060] When the temperature of the working medium in the first constant temperature device 1 or the second constant temperature device 2 is greater than the high temperature threshold value, the gas-liquid mixture generated in the fuel cell module 9 in the third constant temperature device 8 is delivered to the gas-liquid separation device 11, and the water generated after the gas-liquid separation device 11 separates the gas-liquid mixture is delivered to the automobile air conditioning system 10.

[0061] The specific implementation of temperature control in this embodiment is as follows:

[0062] The control mode of the temperature control pipeline can be divided into three main modes: normal mode, high temperature mode and extremely cold mode.

[0063] The most suitable working temperature range of the high-pressure type IV hydrogen storage cylinder 6 is set to t1-t2, and a temperature sensor T1 is arranged in the hydrogen storage cylinder 6 or the first constant temperature device 1 to obtain the working temperature thereof.

[0064] The pressure of the working medium delivered in the first working medium circulation pipeline temperature control pipeline is set to Pa1 and Pa2 as the low pressure and high pressure warning values respectively.

[0065] The low temperature and high temperature warning values of the temperature control pipeline are set to t3 and t4 respectively.

[0066] In the normal mode:

[0067] The driver presses the start button, which is immediately captured by the electronic control unit inside the ignition switch. The electronic control unit responds quickly and generates a corresponding communication signal, which is accurately transmitted to the PLC controller.

[0068] After receiving the communication signal, the PLC controller immediately sends a control signal to drive the alternating current motor 7 to operate.

[0069] In this process, the hydraulic motor 5 is started at the same time, and the antifreeze liquid is extracted from the outlet 1B of the expansion tank 3 and introduced into the inlet 3A of the first constant temperature device 1.

[0070] The anti-freezing fluid absorbs the heat energy generated by the AC motor 7 in the first thermostat device 1, and then flows out through the outlet 3B of the first thermostat device 1, and is detected by the temperature sensor T3 (arranged on the first working medium circulation pipeline) and the pressure sensor P2:

[0071] ① When the temperature sensor T3 detects that the temperature drops below t2, the pilot two-position two-way electromagnetic valve between the hydraulic motor 5 and the first heat dissipation device 4 will always remain in its normally closed state, ensuring that the anti-freezing fluid in the temperature control pipeline will not flow through the valve.

[0072] ② When the temperature sensor T3 detects that the temperature exceeds t2, the PLC controller will receive the corresponding communication signal, forming the control signal of the pilot two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 17, which changes from the original normally closed state to the normally open state.

[0073] In this transition process, the anti-freezing fluid flows into the inlet 4A of the first heat dissipation device 4 through the pilot two-position two-way electromagnetic valve.

[0074] After the anti-freezing fluid is effectively heat-dissipated in the first heat dissipation device 4, it flows out from the outlet 4B of the first heat dissipation device 4, and then merges with the anti-freezing fluid flowing out from the outlet 3B of the first thermostat device 1.

[0075] ③ When the pressure sensor P2 detects that the pressure value drops below Pa1, the hydraulic motor 5 will immediately stop running and issue an alarm.

[0076] ④ When the pressure sensor P2 detects that the pressure value exceeds Pa2, the hydraulic motor 5 will also quickly stop running and issue an alarm.

[0077] ⑤ When the temperature sensor T1 detects that the temperature drops below t1, the PLC controller will receive the corresponding communication signal, controlling the pilot two-position two-way electromagnetic valve that connects the first working medium circulation pipeline with the second thermostat device 2 to change from the original normally closed state to the normally open state.

[0078] Subsequently, the anti-freezing fluid can flow smoothly into the inlet 2A of the second thermostat device 2 through the pilot two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 18.

[0079] In the second thermostat device 2, the anti-freezing fluid releases heat (exchanges heat with the hydrogen storage cylinder) and then flows out from the outlet 2B of the second thermostat device 2.

[0080] Subsequently, this anti-freezing fluid flows through the pilot two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 19 in the normally open state, and finally flows to the inlet 1A of the expansion 3, and reflows into the expansion tank 3, thereby completing the entire circulation process.

[0081] When the temperature sensor T1 detects that the temperature exceeds t2, the PLC controller receives the corresponding communication signal, and the pilot two-position two-way electromagnetic valve 18 changes from the normally open state to the normally closed state. The antifreeze is stored in the second constant temperature device 2.

[0082] When the temperature sensor T1 or the temperature sensor T3 detects that the temperature is higher than t4, the temperature control pipeline will immediately switch to high temperature mode.

[0083] When the temperature sensor T1 or the temperature sensor T3 detects that the temperature is lower than t3, the temperature control pipeline will immediately switch to extreme cold mode.

[0084] In the extreme cold mode:

[0085] On the basis of the normal mode, the water generated by the reaction in the fuel cell module 9 enters the air conditioning system 10 through the gas-liquid separation device 11 to recover heat energy.

[0086] The recovered water will enter the second heat dissipation device 12 to release heat and warm up the antifreeze.

[0087] In the high temperature mode:

[0088] On the basis of the normal mode, the water generated by the reaction in the fuel cell module 9 enters the air conditioning system 10 through the gas-liquid separation device 11 to recover heat energy.

[0089] The recovered water is cooled by the automobile air conditioning system 10, and then combined with the condensate water of the air conditioning system 10 to enter the second heat dissipation device 12 to absorb heat and cool the antifreeze.

[0090] To ensure smooth operation of the pipeline and prevent potential problems, it is necessary to strictly ensure that the temperature control pipeline is equipped with a heat insulation layer outside the pipeline, and the water in the pipeline must be completely emptied after each operation.

[0091] When the temperature of the working medium in the first constant temperature device 1 or the second constant temperature device 2 is lower than the low temperature threshold, the gas-liquid mixture generated by the reaction in the fuel cell module 9 in the third constant temperature device 8 is transported to the gas-liquid separation device 11, and the water generated by the gas-liquid separation of the gas-liquid mixture in the gas-liquid separation device 11 is transported to the automobile air conditioning system 10 and mixed with the condensate water generated by the automobile air conditioning system 10.

[0092] The gas-liquid mixture in the embodiment specifically includes liquid water, water vapor, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. The gas-liquid separation device 11 is connected with the merging device 14, the gas-liquid separation device 11 is used for separating the gas-liquid mixture, and the hydrogen or the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen delivered to the merging device 14 is connected to the hydrogen input end of the fuel cell module 9 through a pipeline, and is mixed with the hydrogen input into the fuel cell module 9 by using the merging device 14, and the merging device 14 can be a multi-way valve.

[0093] In the embodiment, the hydrogen purified and filtered by the gas-liquid separation device 11 is merged with the hydrogen output by the hydrogen storage cylinder 6 through the merging device 14, but the pressure of the hydrogen merged at this time fluctuates, and therefore a pilot-operated low-pressure regulating valve is needed for final adjustment, and finally the hydrogen is humidified by the humidifying device and enters the positive electrode (anode) of the fuel cell stack 9.

[0094] The automobile air conditioning system 10 is connected with the second heat dissipation device 12, and the second heat dissipation device 12 is arranged in the first heat dissipation device 4.

[0095] The combined structure of the first heat dissipation device 4 and the second heat dissipation device 12 in the embodiment is specifically a double-inlet and double-outlet plate heat exchanger.

[0096] The automobile air conditioning system 10 delivers the generated water working medium to the second heat dissipation device 12, and the water working medium in the second heat dissipation device 12 exchanges heat with the working medium in the first heat dissipation device 4.

[0097] The pilot-operated high-pressure regulating valve, the pilot-operated pressure reducing valve, the gas delivery pump and the pilot-operated low-pressure regulating valve are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen delivery pipeline 13 connecting the hydrogen storage cylinder 6 and the fuel cell module 9.

[0098] The pilot-operated high-pressure regulating valve and the pilot-operated pressure reducing valve are used for regulating the pressure of the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen delivery pipeline to the rated gas delivery pressure of the gas delivery pump.

[0099] The pilot-operated low-pressure regulating valve regulates the flow rate of the gas output by the gas delivery pump to meet the flow rate requirement of the fuel cell module 9.

[0100] In the embodiment, since the pressure of the equipment connected on the hydrogen delivery pipeline 13 needs to be stabilized by controlling the pressure, or meets the rated gas pressure and flow rate working range of the equipment, but is affected by seasonal temperature changes and temperature rise effect of the valve body itself, the hydrogen entering the fuel cell module 9 cannot be kept constant.

[0101] Therefore, the embodiment provides a feedback mechanism for regulating the temperature in the hydrogen delivery pipeline 13, that is:

[0102] A first temperature sensor 15 is installed on the hydrogen delivery pipeline 13 connecting the pilot-operated pressure reducing valve and the gas delivery pump.

[0103] A second temperature sensor 16 is installed on the pipeline connecting the first thermostat 1 and the second thermostat 2.

[0104] The PLC controller changes the temperature obtained by the first temperature sensor 15 (temperature sensor T2 located near the fuel cell module 9 in the hydrogen delivery pipeline 13) to either a high temperature threshold or a low temperature threshold below the first operating temperature range obtained by the second temperature sensor 16 (i.e., temperature sensor T3 mentioned above).

[0105] Its main purpose is to control the insulation temperature of the medium in the first constant temperature device 1 through a feedback mechanism, so as to adjust the temperature of the hydrogen output from the hydrogen storage cylinder 6, thereby ensuring the stability of the temperature of the hydrogen gas entering the fuel cell module 6 on the hydrogen delivery pipeline 13 obtained by the first temperature sensor 15.

[0106] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first, second, and third constant temperature devices are all jacketed structures, each with a medium inlet and a medium outlet. Heat dissipation fins are distributed on the surface of the jacketed structure, and the specific structure of the jacketed structure can be designed based on the specific structure of the hydrogen storage cylinder, the AC motor, and the fuel cell module 6.

[0107] like Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell module in this embodiment is specifically a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), which has hydrogen inlet and outlet as well as air inlet and outlet.

[0108] In this embodiment, the optimal operating temperature of the fuel cell also depends on the type, design, and materials used in the fuel cell. For proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), the operating temperature is generally between 60 and 80°C, while the optimal temperature may be more specifically located within this range, such as around 65°C.

[0109] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this application within its substance and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A climate adaptive on-board fuel cell hydrogen management system, characterized in that, The system comprises a PLC controller and a first constant temperature device (1), a second constant temperature device (2), an expansion tank (3), a first heat dissipation device (4) and a hydraulic motor (5) electrically connected to the PLC controller, the first constant temperature device (1) is arranged on an alternating current motor (7), and the second constant temperature device (2) is arranged on a hydrogen storage cylinder (6). The working medium outlet of the expansion tank (3) is connected to the working medium inlet of the hydraulic motor (5) through a pipeline, the working medium outlet of the hydraulic motor (5) is connected to the working medium inlet of the first constant temperature device (1) through a pipeline, and the working medium outlet of the first constant temperature device (1) is connected to the working medium inlet of the expansion tank (3) through a pipeline. The expansion tank (3), the hydraulic motor (5) and the first constant temperature device (1) are connected through pipelines to form a first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline. The working medium inlet of the first heat dissipation device (4) is connected to the working medium outlet of the hydraulic motor (5) through a pipeline, and the working medium outlet of the first heat dissipation device (4) is connected to the working medium outlet of the first constant temperature device (1) through a pipeline. The expansion tank (3), the hydraulic motor (5) and the first heat dissipation device (4) are connected through pipelines to form a second working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline. The working medium inlet of the second constant temperature device (2) is connected to the working medium outlets of the first heat dissipation device (4) and the first constant temperature device (1) through a pipeline, and the working medium outlet of the second constant temperature device (2) is connected to the working medium inlet of the expansion tank (3) through a pipeline. The PLC controller is provided with a first working temperature range of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline. When the temperature of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is within the first working temperature range, the working medium only circulates in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline. When the temperature of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is higher than the first working temperature range, the working medium circulates in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline and the second working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline. When the temperature of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is lower than the first working temperature range, the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline and the second working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline deliver the working medium to the second constant temperature device (2), and the working medium after heat exchange in the second constant temperature device (2) enters the expansion tank (3).

2. The climate adaptive hydrogen management system for vehicle-mounted fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the PLC controller is provided with a first working pressure range of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline. When the pressure of the working medium in the first working medium unidirectional circulation pipeline is lower than the first working pressure range or higher than the first working pressure range, the PLC controller controls the hydraulic motor (5) to stop working.

3. The climate adaptive hydrogen management system for vehicle-mounted fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein ​ ​ The temperature of the working medium in the second constant temperature device (2) is lower than or higher than the first working temperature range, and the PLC controller controls the working medium in the second constant temperature device (2) to stop flowing and not to participate in the circulation of the working medium in the first working medium one-way circulation pipeline and / or the second working medium one-way circulation pipeline.

4. The climate adaptive fuel cell hydrogen management system for vehicle according to claim 3, further comprising a third constant temperature device (8) disposed on the fuel cell module (9), and a working medium inlet of the third constant temperature device (8) is connected to a water outlet of the fuel cell module (9); a working medium outlet of the third constant temperature device (8) is connected to a gas-liquid separation device (11) through a pipeline, and the gas-liquid separation device (11) is connected to an automobile air conditioning system (10) through a pipeline. The PLC controller is provided with a high temperature threshold value higher than the first working temperature range and a low temperature threshold value lower than the first working temperature range. When the temperature of the working medium in the first constant temperature device (1) or the second constant temperature device (2) is greater than the high temperature threshold value, a gas-liquid mixture generated in the fuel cell module (9) in the third constant temperature device (8) is transported to the gas-liquid separation device (11), and the gas-liquid separation device (11) is used to transport water generated after gas-liquid separation of the gas-liquid mixture to the automobile air conditioning system (10). When the temperature of the working medium in the first constant temperature device (1) or the second constant temperature device (2) is lower than the low temperature threshold value, a gas-liquid mixture generated in the fuel cell module (9) in the third constant temperature device (8) is transported to the gas-liquid separation device (11), and the gas-liquid separation device (11) is used to transport water generated after gas-liquid separation of the gas-liquid mixture to the automobile air conditioning system (10) and mix with condensed water generated by the automobile air conditioning system (10).

5. The climate adaptive fuel cell hydrogen management system for vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the automobile air conditioning system (10) is connected to a second heat dissipation device (12), and the second heat dissipation device (12) is disposed in the first heat dissipation device (4). The automobile air conditioning system (10) transports the generated water working medium to the second heat dissipation device (12), and the water working medium in the second heat dissipation device (12) exchanges heat with the working medium in the first heat dissipation device (4).

6. The climate adaptive fuel cell hydrogen management system for vehicle according to claim 4, wherein a pilot-operated high-pressure regulating valve, a pilot-operated pressure reducing valve, a gas delivery pump and a pilot-operated low-pressure regulating valve are sequentially disposed on a hydrogen delivery pipeline (13) connecting the hydrogen storage cylinder (6) and the fuel cell module (9). The pilot-operated high-pressure regulating valve and the pilot-operated pressure reducing valve are used to adjust the pressure of the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen delivery pipeline to the rated gas delivery pressure of the gas delivery pump. ​ ​ ​ The pilot low pressure regulating valve adjusts the flow rate of the gas output by the gas delivery pump to meet the flow rate requirement of the fuel cell module (9).

7. The climate adaptive hydrogen management system for fuel cell vehicles of claim 6, wherein, A first temperature sensor (15) is arranged on the hydrogen delivery pipe line (13) connecting the pilot pressure reducing valve and the gas delivery pump; A second temperature sensor (16) is arranged on the pipe line connecting the first thermostat device (1) and the second thermostat device (2); The PLC controller changes the high temperature threshold of the first working temperature range or the low temperature threshold below the first working temperature range acquired by the second temperature sensor (16) according to the temperature acquired by the first temperature sensor (15).

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