A method for controlling erosion gullies

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for erosion gully control, which relates to the technical field of erosion gully control, including using a drone to collect images of a to-be-controlled area, generating a three-dimensional scene image of the to-be-controlled area; determining various types of construction control areas based on the gully head, gully tail and gully; performing corresponding control construction on various types of construction control areas; setting a number of monitoring cycles, performing data collection in each monitoring cycle, and evaluating the erosion gully control effect based on the data collection results. The present invention solves the technical problem that the existing erosion gully control engineering measures require manual field investigation to obtain a two-dimensional image of the to-be-controlled area before engineering planning, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the image finally obtained usually has a large error, which directly affects the final control effect. At the same time, after the construction of the control project is completed, there is a lack of monitoring of the control project, and timely feedback and timely adjustment of the control effect cannot be made. It is only static control, and the control effect cannot be scientifically evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of erosion gully management, and in particular relates to an erosion gully management method. Background Art

[0002] Gully refers to the erosion terrain caused by gully erosion. Gully can be divided into: gully head, gully edge, gully bottom and waterway above it, gully slope, gully mouth and alluvial fan (alluvial cone). An erosion gully is always connected to a certain hydrological network or other erosion gullies, forming a dendritic gully system. The development of erosion gullies not only cuts and eats away at cultivated land, blocks traffic, and hinders mechanical farming, but also increases river sediment, induces mountain torrents and geological disasters, and damages infrastructure, which has an extremely adverse impact on the sustainable development of regional economy and society and the safety of people's lives and property;

[0003] Gully erosion control is a comprehensive control measure for gully heads, banks, slopes and channels based on the interception and diversion of water and sand from the slope. It is based on the characteristics of gullies and mainly takes engineering measures. It is a comprehensive application of vegetation restoration, soil conservation measures, gully regulation and soil and water conservation facility construction.

[0004] The existing planning methods for gully erosion control engineering measures are relatively complete, but before carrying out engineering planning, manual field surveys are required to obtain two-dimensional images of the area to be controlled. This process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the images finally obtained usually have large errors, which directly affects the final control effect. At the same time, after the construction of the control project is completed, there is a lack of monitoring of the control project, and timely feedback and adjustment of the control effect cannot be made. It is only static control, and the control effect cannot be scientifically evaluated. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for treating erosion gullies, which is used to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems. To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a method for treating erosion gullies, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Use a drone to collect images of the area to be treated, and perform three-dimensional rendering to generate a three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated;

[0007] S2. Determine the gully head, gully tail and gully channel of the erosion gully based on the three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated, and determine various types of construction treatment areas based on the gully head, gully tail and gully channel;

[0008] S3. Carry out corresponding treatment construction in various construction and treatment areas, including terrace construction, ditch head protection, valley building, interception and drainage ditch design, ditch beach protection and reclamation construction;

[0009] S4. Set up several monitoring cycles, collect data in each monitoring cycle, evaluate the gully erosion control effect based on the data collection results, and repair the gully erosion control project based on the evaluation results.

[0010] Preferably, step S1 comprises:

[0011] S10. Collect the initial remote sensing images of the area to be treated by drone;

[0012] S11, dividing the initial remote sensing image, and determining the image clarity of each divided area to determine the degree of qualification, thereby forming a number of initial qualified clarity images and a number of initial unqualified clarity images;

[0013] S12, using a drone to collect supplementary remote sensing images of areas corresponding to a number of images with unqualified initial clarity, to obtain a number of supplementary collected images;

[0014] S13, comparing the clarity of each supplementary collected image with the clarity of the corresponding initial unqualified clarity image; if the clarity of the supplementary collected image is greater than that of the initial unqualified clarity image, then replacing the initial unqualified clarity image corresponding to the initial remote sensing image with the corresponding supplementary collected image; otherwise, repeating step S12;

[0015] Finally, the final remote sensing image of the area to be treated is formed;

[0016] S14, performing three-dimensional rendering on the final remote sensing image of the area to be treated to generate a three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated.

[0017] Preferably, step S14 includes:

[0018] S140, performing three-dimensional rendering on the final remote sensing image of the area to be treated based on a 3D engine to generate an initial three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated;

[0019] S141. Perform shadow processing, texture optimization, and detail enhancement on the initial three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated to obtain a three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated.

[0020] Preferably, the ditch head protection includes the construction of mortar-laid stone walls, slope ditch head protection and ditch head hydrological calculations;

[0021] The ditch head hydrological calculation includes the ditch head design flow calculation and the ditch head flow capacity calculation;

[0022] Design flow rate of ditch head: Q1 = 0.278K1I1F1; where Q1 is the design flow rate of ditch head,

[0023] I1 is the maximum rainfall intensity of 6 hours in a 5-year period, F1 is the catchment area above the ditch head, and K1 is the runoff coefficient of the ditch head, which is 0.82;

[0024] Current capacity of groove head: Among them, Q 10 is the flow capacity of the ditch head, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the ditch head, n is the roughness of the ditch head, X is the wetted perimeter of the ditch head, and I is the hydraulic slope of the ditch head;

[0025] When the flow capacity of the groove head is greater than the design flow of the groove head, the groove head is qualified.

[0026] Preferably, the intercepting drainage ditch includes an intercepting drainage ditch and a drainage ditch, and the intercepting drainage ditch adopts a prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular groove intercepting drainage ditch and a mortar-laid stone intercepting drainage ditch;

[0027] Each section of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch is 2m long, and a 0.20m thick gravel cushion layer is laid on the bottom of the reinforced concrete rectangular trough. The installation height difference and joint width of adjacent reinforced concrete rectangular troughs are less than 5mm. The joints of the reinforced concrete rectangular troughs in the turning section of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch should be filled and plastered with M10 cement mortar;

[0028] The inlet of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch adopts trumpet-shaped mortar masonry protection, with a protection length of 2m and an opening angle of 20 degrees. The mortar masonry protection height is the same as the height of the reinforced concrete rectangular trough, with a thickness of 0.4m. The mortar masonry bottom protection thickness is 0.4m. A 20cm thick gravel cushion layer is laid under the mortar masonry. The mortar masonry is built with M10 cement mortar, and the block stone strength is not less than MU30. The outlet of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch is equipped with a gabion tank with a thickness of 0.4m and an area of ​​5m 2 ;

[0029] The mortar-masonry intercepting drainage ditch comprises a mortar-masonry rectangular trough, under which a 20cm thick gravel cushion layer is laid.

[0030] Preferably, the gravel cushion layer includes a gravel cushion layer 1 and a gravel cushion layer 2, and the thickness of the gravel cushion layer is calculated as follows:

[0031] Z d =ψ d ψ w Z m (1);

[0032] ψ d =α+ (1-α)ψ i (2);

[0033]

[0034] d x =Z e (4);

[0035] Among them, d x is the thickness of the gravel cushion layer of the intercepting drainage ditch, Z e is the displacement depth of the intercepting drainage ditch, β e To calculate the coefficient, Z wo is the groundwater depth, Z wi is the groundwater depth, α is the calculation coefficient, ψ i is the typical section correction coefficient, ψ d is the sunshine and shading degree influence coefficient, ψ w is the groundwater influence coefficient, Z m This is the maximum freezing depth measured in all previous years.

[0036] Reclamation works include:

[0037] S30, calculating the water volume of the reclamation area, and judging whether the seepage volume after gravel landfill can meet the water volume requirement, if so, proceeding to step S31;

[0038] S31. Strip the topsoil from the ditch for later use. The cross-sectional shape of the ditch is trimmed to be rectangular. The ditch width varies with the width of the erosion ditch before shaping. The amount of excavation should meet the soil volume required for at least 50 cm of topsoil after shaping. The gradient of the ditch bottom after shaping should be no less than 2%. The excavated topsoil and raw soil are piled separately.

[0039] S32. Concealed pipes shall be laid in the middle of the entire trench bottom after repair. The trench bottom gradient shall not be less than 2%. Pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant threaded pipes or blind pipes shall be selected. Concealed pipes shall be connected with anti-corrosion metal wires. The surface and joints of concealed pipes shall be wrapped with geotextiles. The inner diameter of concealed pipes shall be 20 cm. If concealed pipes cannot meet the designed drainage volume, the pipe diameter and quantity may be increased.

[0040] S33, backfill the trench with earthwork, and after the earthwork backfilling is completed, backfill the topsoil. The rule of earthwork backfilling is to bury the gravel on the underground pipe in different particle sizes from fine to coarse and then from coarse to fine. After burying, the top is 0.4m to 0.5m away from the trench edge surface;

[0041] S34. Implement ditch head protection at the ditch head to prevent water flow from eroding the gravel filling body, and implement ditch tail outlet protection at the ditch tail to ensure the smooth flow of the drainage system and prevent the movement or collapse of the gravel body.

[0042] Preferably, the gully erosion control effect evaluation includes:

[0043] S41, the channel is evenly divided into n reference channels, the n reference channels are monitored respectively, and an evaluation matrix is ​​established in each monitoring cycle. The evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle is:

[0044]

[0045] Among them, a 1x is the soil erosion rate of the first section of the benchmark channel, a ix is the soil erosion rate of the i-th benchmark channel, a nx is the soil erosion rate of the nth section of the benchmark channel, b 1x is the vegetation coverage rate of the first section of the benchmark channel, b ix is the vegetation coverage rate of the i-th benchmark channel, b nx is the vegetation coverage rate of the nth benchmark channel, c 1x is the soil erosion rate of the first section of the benchmark channel, c ix is the soil erosion rate of the i-th benchmark channel, c nx is the soil erosion rate of the nth benchmark channel, d 1x is the real-time channel width of the first section of the reference channel, d ix The real-time channel width of the i-th reference channel, d nx The real-time channel width of the nth reference channel, e 1x is the actual water quality index of the first section of the benchmark channel, e ix is the actual water quality index of the i-th benchmark channel, e nx is the actual water quality index of the nth benchmark channel, f 1x is the channel patency of the first section of the reference channel, f ix is the channel patency of the i-th reference channel, f nx is the channel patency of the nth reference channel;

[0046] S42, calculate the similarity between the evaluation matrix in each monitoring cycle and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the corresponding monitoring cycle. The similarity between the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle is

[0047] S43. Based on the similarity between the evaluation matrix in several monitoring cycles and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the corresponding monitoring cycle, the actual evaluation value of the erosion gully control effect is calculated. If the actual evaluation value of the erosion gully control effect is less than the preset evaluation value of the erosion gully control effect, the staff is prompted to inspect the erosion gully.

[0048] Preferably, the similarity between the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period is calculated.

[0049]

[0050] in, is the similarity between the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, u is the total number of rows in the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, v is the total number of columns in the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, G 1jkx is the value of the jth row and kth column of the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, G 2jkx is the value of the j-th row and k-th column in the benchmark evaluation matrix during the x-th monitoring period.

[0051] Preferably, the actual evaluation value of erosion gully control effect is:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, γ is the actual evaluation value of the gully control effect, is the benchmark similarity between the evaluation matrix in the x-th monitoring period and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the x-th monitoring period, w is the total number of monitoring periods, and e is a natural number with a value of 2.71.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] 1. The drone of the present invention can quickly cover the area to be treated, greatly saving the time and cost of manual measurement and ground survey. It is convenient to carry out visual analysis through three-dimensional rendering, and can intuitively display the terrain characteristics of the area to be treated, helping professionals to better understand the morphology of erosion gullies and their influencing factors, and formulate corresponding treatment strategies. Monitoring and evaluation are not limited to the initial treatment effect, but also provide a basis for subsequent long-term management to ensure the continued effectiveness of treatment measures. According to the monitoring results, the treatment measures can be optimized and adjusted in time to ensure that they can cope with changes in different climate, soil and vegetation conditions, and improve the adaptability and flexibility of treatment. During the monitoring process, if it is found that some treatment areas are not effective, an early warning can be triggered immediately, and repair measures can be taken in time to reduce potential risks and losses;

[0056] 2. The ditch head protection measures of the present invention can not only effectively prevent soil erosion and soil loss, improve drainage capacity and structural stability, but also improve the ecological environment and promote water circulation, thereby providing guarantee for the sustainable development of the region;

[0057] 3. The present invention arranges intercepting ditches between sloping farmland and forest land, and takes measures to build drainage ditches for small ditches that are affected by siltation and scouring on surrounding roads and farmland. The design and construction measures of intercepting drainage ditches can not only effectively manage and guide or stop the flow of rainwater and prevent soil erosion, but also improve the stability and durability of the structure, achieving the dual goals of economic benefits and ecological protection;

[0058] 4. The present invention can effectively design a rainwater collection system by identifying high points and low points, ensuring that rainwater is quickly collected after rainfall. In periods of drought or insufficient rainfall, a stable water source is provided through a reservoir, which helps to improve soil moisture and promote vegetation growth. The protection of vegetation can effectively avoid the formation of erosion gullies. The collected rainwater can reduce the residue of chemical substances and improve soil quality through a natural filtration process. The reservoir plays a role in regulating water flow, which can relieve the pressure of rising water levels after a short period of heavy rain and avoid further expansion of the range of erosion gullies in rainy weather.

[0059] 5. The present invention evenly divides the ditch into n sections of benchmark ditch for monitoring, so that the evaluation is more detailed and comprehensive, and can identify problems in local areas. By establishing an evaluation matrix, various indicators are systematically integrated to make the evaluation process have a scientific basis, which is convenient for comparison and analysis. The soil erosion rate, vegetation coverage rate, etc. of each section of the ditch are regularly monitored, which can timely reflect the control effect and provide real-time feedback. Problems can be discovered in time, and control measures can be adjusted according to real-time data to achieve dynamic control. By calculating the similarity between the evaluation matrix and the benchmark evaluation matrix, a quantitative basis is provided for the control effect to ensure the objectivity of the evaluation results. By calculating the comparison between the actual evaluation value and the preset evaluation value, the evaluation of the control effect becomes clearer and quantifiable. The erosion gully control effect evaluation method not only improves the scientificity and effectiveness of the control, but also provides an important basis for subsequent management and decision-making. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a mortar-laid stone intercepting and draining ditch according to the present invention;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inlet of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a mortar-laid stone wall according to the present invention;

[0065] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the channel structure after the reclamation construction of the present invention is completed.

[0066] In the figure: 1. Prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch; 10. Reinforced concrete rectangular trough; 11. Gravel cushion layer 1; 12. Mortared stone; 2. Mortared stone intercepting drainage ditch; 20. Mortared stone rectangular trough; 21. Gravel cushion layer 2; 3. Mortared stone wall; 4. Gabion tank; 5. Gravel cushion layer 3; 6. Concealed pipe; 7. Crushed stone; 8. Topsoil recovery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0068] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0069] The present invention provides the following embodiments

[0070] Example 1

[0071] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for treating erosion gullies, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0072] S1. Use a drone to collect images of the area to be treated, and perform three-dimensional rendering to generate a three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated;

[0073] S2. Determine the gully head, gully tail and gully channel of the erosion gully based on the three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated, and determine various types of construction treatment areas based on the gully head, gully tail and gully channel;

[0074] S3. Carry out corresponding treatment construction in various construction and treatment areas, including terrace construction, ditch head protection, valley building, interception and drainage ditch design, ditch beach protection and reclamation construction;

[0075] S4. Set up several monitoring cycles, collect data in each monitoring cycle, evaluate the gully erosion control effect based on the data collection results, and repair the gully erosion control project based on the evaluation results.

[0076] Preferably, the construction of terraces includes six steps, namely, setting the line, clearing the foundation, building ridges, retaining the topsoil, leveling the field surface, and deep plowing and rotary tillage. This is achieved by combining machinery with manual labor, using machinery to repair the fields and transport the soil, and then manually building ridges.

[0077] Preferably, gabion gabions are used in the construction of valley gates, which are mainly arranged in erosion gullies with a depth greater than 1.5 m and severe downcutting erosion.

[0078] Preferably, the channel bank protection includes solid bank cage revetment and mortar-stone revetment, and both the solid bank cage revetment and mortar-stone revetment are realized by using existing technology.

[0079] Preferably, the area for reclamation construction is selected as idle wasteland where the erosion gully is located in the center of sloping farmland and connected to the surrounding farmland. Usually, there are potholes and unevenness inside the land, and there are relatively large height differences and overgrown weeds.

[0080] Preferably, step S3 performs corresponding governance construction in various construction governance areas, and the planning principles of the governance construction are as follows:

[0081] Terraces are built on sloping farmland with conditions within the catchment area of ​​the erosion gully. Terraces that are seriously damaged are repaired to control slope runoff and conserve water and soil. Intercepting ditches are arranged between sloping farmland and woodland to intercept slope runoff from forest and grassland and reduce scouring of sloping farmland. Plant belts are planted on terrace stalks of existing terraces within the catchment area of ​​the erosion gully to intercept rainfall runoff and achieve the purpose of storing water and conserving soil. Plant revetments are laid on the ditch banks to enhance their stability and prevent their expansion. Reclamation and restoration of unusable land can effectively protect land resources and improve land productivity and sustainable utilization. To drain slope runoff, it is discharged to downstream ditches in an organized manner. For some ditches with small cross-sections and serious siltation, Drainage ditches are built in small ditches affected by siltation and scouring caused by surrounding roads and farmland; soil and water conservation forests are planted in wasteland areas to prevent soil and water loss and consolidate soil and green the area; mortar-laid stone waterfalls and green-bank pads are installed at the gully heads to curb the development of gully heads; stone cages are arranged in gully erosion ditches with severe gully undercutting to reduce water flow velocity, alleviate scouring, control gully bottom undercutting and lateral erosion, and intercept discharged sediment; forest and grass vegetation are planted on gully slopes, and the soil-fixing properties of plant roots can stabilize the slope and prevent the gully from continuing to expand to both sides; in order to prevent water from scouring the gully slopes and banks and causing the gully to expand, bank protection projects are used to stabilize the gully, mainly adopting wall-type bank protection types such as solid bank cage revetment and mortar-laid stone revetment.

[0082] In addition, based on the actual situation in the project area, pipe culverts, slab culverts, water-passing pavements, and production road renovations are constructed to achieve comprehensive management.

[0083] Preferably, step S2 further includes rainwater collection planning, and the rainwater collection planning includes:

[0084] Based on the three-dimensional scene image of the area to be governed, the high and low points of the area to be governed are determined, and the rainwater collection area is marked based on the high and low points. A water collection plate, a drainage system, a reservoir and a terrace irrigation system are set up in the rainwater collection area. After being collected by the water collection plate, the rainwater flows into the drainage system, and then into the reservoir through the drainage system, and then into the terrace through the reservoir and the terrace irrigation system.

[0085] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: UAVs can quickly cover the area to be treated, greatly saving the time and cost of manual measurement and ground survey. Three-dimensional rendering facilitates visual analysis, and can intuitively display the terrain characteristics of the area to be treated, helping professionals to better understand the morphology of erosion gullies and their influencing factors, and formulate corresponding treatment strategies. Based on the accurate positioning of the gully head, gully tail and gully channel, targeted construction plans can be quickly formulated to ensure that the specific needs of different treatment areas are met. Regular data collection and evaluation form a continuous monitoring mechanism, which can timely discover problems and deficiencies in the treatment process and make rapid corrections. Through systematic data analysis, the treatment effect can be quantified and a scientific basis can be provided, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation. Monitoring and evaluation are not limited to the initial treatment effect, but also provide a basis for subsequent long-term management to ensure the continued effectiveness of treatment measures. According to the monitoring results, treatment measures can be optimized and adjusted in a timely manner to ensure that they can cope with changes in different climate, soil and vegetation conditions and improve the adaptability and flexibility of treatment. During the monitoring process, if it is found that some treatment areas are not effective, an early warning can be triggered immediately, and repair measures can be taken in time to reduce potential risks and losses.

[0086] Thus, the present invention solves the problem that the existing planning method for gully erosion control engineering measures is relatively complete, but before engineering planning, it is necessary to manually conduct field investigation to obtain a two-dimensional image of the area to be controlled, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the image finally obtained usually has large errors, which directly affects the final control effect. At the same time, after the construction of the control project is completed, there is a lack of monitoring of the control project, and the control effect cannot be fed back and adjusted in time, which is only static control, and the control effect cannot be scientifically evaluated.

[0087] At the same time, the rainwater collection planning of the present invention can effectively design a rainwater collection system through the identification of high points and low points, ensuring that rainwater is quickly collected after rainfall. In periods of drought or insufficient rainfall, a stable water source is provided by the reservoir, which helps to improve soil moisture and promote vegetation growth. The protection of vegetation can effectively avoid the formation of erosion gullies. The collected rainwater can reduce the residue of chemical substances and improve soil quality through the natural filtration process. The reservoir plays a role in regulating water flow, which can relieve the pressure of rising water levels after a short period of heavy rain and avoid further expansion of the range of erosion gullies in rainy weather.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] Based on Example 1, step S1 includes:

[0090] S10. Collect the initial remote sensing images of the area to be treated by drone;

[0091] S11, dividing the initial remote sensing image, and determining the image clarity of each divided area to determine the degree of qualification, thereby forming a number of initial qualified clarity images and a number of initial unqualified clarity images;

[0092] S12, using a drone to collect supplementary remote sensing images of areas corresponding to a number of images with unqualified initial clarity, to obtain a number of supplementary collected images;

[0093] S13, comparing the clarity of each supplementary collected image with the clarity of the corresponding initial unqualified clarity image; if the clarity of the supplementary collected image is greater than that of the initial unqualified clarity image, then replacing the initial unqualified clarity image corresponding to the initial remote sensing image with the corresponding supplementary collected image; otherwise, repeating step S12;

[0094] Finally, the final remote sensing image of the area to be treated is formed;

[0095] S14, performing three-dimensional rendering on the final remote sensing image of the area to be treated to generate a three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated.

[0096] Preferably, step S14 includes:

[0097] S140, performing three-dimensional rendering on the final remote sensing image of the area to be treated based on a 3D engine to generate an initial three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated;

[0098] S141. Perform shadow processing, texture optimization, and detail enhancement on the initial three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated to obtain a three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated.

[0099] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: UAVs can quickly and efficiently cover the area to be treated to obtain initial remote sensing data for the entire area, and conduct supplementary collection for areas with unqualified clarity to ensure that all key areas can obtain clear images and improve data integrity. Through repeated supplementary collection and comparison, an adaptive image optimization process is formed to ensure that the final remote sensing image meets the expected quality standards. The processing based on the 3D engine makes the initial three-dimensional scene image have higher details and accuracy. Shadow processing, texture optimization and detail enhancement make the generated three-dimensional scene image more realistic and intuitive, improving the visualization effect;

[0100] The integration of UAV remote sensing technology and three-dimensional modeling has achieved high-quality data collection and processing, and provided detailed and accurate information on the area to be treated. This not only improves the scientificity and accuracy of treatment decisions, but also enhances the feasibility and effectiveness of treatment plans, providing strong support for gully erosion treatment.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] Based on Example 1, ditch head protection includes building a mortar-laid stone wall 3, slope ditch head protection and ditch head hydrological calculation;

[0103] The ditch head hydrological calculation includes the ditch head design flow calculation and the ditch head flow capacity calculation;

[0104] Design flow rate of ditch head: Q1 = 0.278K1I1F1; where Q1 is the design flow rate of ditch head,

[0105] I1 is the maximum rainfall intensity of 6 hours in a 5-year period, F1 is the catchment area above the ditch head, and K1 is the runoff coefficient of the ditch head, which is 0.82;

[0106] Groove head current capacity: Among them, Q 10 is the flow capacity of the ditch head, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the ditch head, n is the roughness of the ditch head, X is the wetted perimeter of the ditch head, and I is the hydraulic slope of the ditch head;

[0107] When the flow capacity of the groove head is greater than the design flow of the groove head, the groove head is qualified.

[0108] Preferably, a mortar masonry wall 3 is constructed: a mortar masonry wall 3 is constructed at the ditch head, the mortar masonry wall 3 is 4m wide, 2.2m high, 0.5m wide at the top, the wall surface is vertical, the wall back slope ratio is 1:0.4, the foundation burial depth is 1.4m, the wall toe and wall heel thickness are 0.5m, the wall toe width is 0.3m, and the wall heel width is 0.2m;

[0109] A gabion guardrail 4 is set downstream of the mortar-laid stone wall 3. The length of the guardrail is 4m, the thickness is 0.4m, and the width is 4m. A 0.1m thick gravel cushion layer 3 5 is laid under the guardrail, and a geotextile is laid under the cushion layer. The guardrail is combined with a 1.0m*1.0m gabion tooth wall.

[0110] Preferably, for slope ditch head protection: the thickness of the cage protection is 0.3m, the gabion extends all the way to the ditch bank, and the gabion is pressed on the top. The gabion top is 0.5m wide and 0.5m thick. The gabion top should be lower than the original ground to ensure that the water flows smoothly into the ditch head, and is connected to the gabion foot with a width of 1.0m and a thickness of 1.0m. A 10cm thick gravel cushion layer is set under the gabion, and the bottom is paved with polyester long-fiber non-woven fabric. A spacer is set every 1m of the gabion.

[0111] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the design of the mortar-laid stone wall can stabilize the ditch head structure and prevent the ditch head from collapsing or eroding due to the impact of water flow. Through reasonable calculation of ditch head design flow and flow capacity, it is ensured that the ditch head can drain smoothly under heavy rainfall to avoid soil soaking and loss caused by water accumulation. By constructing a mortar-laid stone wall with a width of 4m and a height of 2.2m, it can effectively resist the impact of rainwater and water flow pressure, and enhance the stability and durability of ditch head protection. Setting a gabion tank downstream of the mortar-laid stone wall can further disperse the impact of water flow, reduce the direct impact on the ditch head structure, and improve the overall protection effect. By setting a gravel cushion layer and geotextile, the stability of the protection structure can be further enhanced to prevent the sinking and displacement of the gabion.

[0112] Ditch head protection measures can not only effectively prevent soil erosion and soil loss, improve drainage capacity and structural stability, but also improve the ecological environment and promote water circulation, thus providing guarantees for the sustainable development of the region.

[0113] Example 4

[0114] On the basis of Example 1, the intercepting drainage ditch includes an intercepting drainage ditch and a drainage ditch, and the intercepting drainage ditch adopts a prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular groove intercepting drainage ditch 1 and a mortar-laid stone intercepting drainage ditch 2;

[0115] Each section of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch 1 is 2m long, a 0.20m thick gravel cushion layer 11 is laid at the bottom of the reinforced concrete rectangular trough 10, the installation height difference and joint width of adjacent reinforced concrete rectangular troughs 10 are less than 5mm, and the joints of the reinforced concrete rectangular trough 10 in the turning section of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch 1 are filled and plastered with M10 cement mortar;

[0116] The inlet of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch 1 is protected by trumpet-shaped mortar masonry 12, with a protection length of 2m and an opening angle of 20 degrees. The protection height of the mortar masonry 12 is the same as that of the reinforced concrete rectangular trough 10, with a thickness of 0.4m. The bottom protection thickness of the mortar masonry 12 is 0.4m, and a 20cm thick gravel cushion layer is laid under the mortar masonry 12. The mortar masonry 12 is built with M10 cement mortar, and the block strength is not less than MU30. The outlet of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch 1 is equipped with a stone cage protection tank with a thickness of 0.4m and an area of ​​5m 2 ;

[0117] The mortar-laid stone intercepting drainage ditch 2 comprises a mortar-laid stone rectangular groove 20 , under which a 20 cm thick gravel cushion layer 21 is laid.

[0118] Preferably, the gravel cushion layer includes a gravel cushion layer 11 and a gravel cushion layer 21. The thickness of the gravel cushion layer is calculated as follows:

[0119] Z d=ψ d ψ w Z m (1);

[0120] ψ d =α+(1-α)ψ i (2);

[0121]

[0122] d x =Z e (4);

[0123]

[0124] Among them, d x is the thickness of the gravel cushion layer of the intercepting drainage ditch, Z e is the displacement depth of the intercepting drainage ditch, β e To calculate the coefficient, Z wo is the groundwater depth, Z wi is the groundwater depth, α is the calculation coefficient, ψ i is the typical section correction coefficient, ψ d is the sunshine and shading degree influence coefficient, ψ w is the groundwater influence coefficient, Z m This is the maximum freezing depth measured in all previous years.

[0125] Preferably, the construction process and key points of prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular groove drainage ditch 1 are as follows:

[0126] 1. Measurement and positioning

[0127] According to the construction drawings, the position of the drainage ditch is accurately laid out with a theodolite, and the center pile and two center points are used to control it, so as to determine the position and direction of the drainage ditch; according to the position of the outlet and the elevation of the bottom of the ditch, the highest and lowest points of the drainage ditch are determined, and the gray line width of the ditch is determined by taking into account the depth of the ditch and the slope coefficient of the soil;

[0128] 2. Excavation of drainage ditch

[0129] The drainage ditch is excavated manually, and the ditch bottom is leveled and compacted using a tamping machine. The compaction degree is required to reach more than 85%. The ditch bottom elevation is controlled with a level. After excavation, the drainage ditch is tested according to the standard size of the design drawing. If it is qualified, the next step of construction is carried out;

[0130] 3. Ditch

[0131] It includes steel bar processing and binding and prefabricated water ditches, among which steel bar processing includes steel bar cutting (carefully check the steel bar specifications, grades and processing quantity before cutting, and cut according to the material list after confirming that they are correct. The steel bar is cut by a steel bar cutting machine; before cutting the steel bar, first use chalk to clearly mark the cutting position on the steel bar according to the material list to mark the cutting length. When cutting, align the cutting mark with the blade and put the steel bar into the cutting groove to cut it; when the steel bar is thin, it can be cut manually with pliers; in some cases, it can also be cut with a grinding wheel saw), steel bar bending (the bending of the steel bar should be carried out on the working platform with a steel bar bending machine. The bending of the steel bar and the end hook should meet the design requirements) and steel bar binding (according to the design reinforcement requirements, the intersection of the steel bars is bound with wire);

[0132] Prefabricated ditches include drainage ditches. The ditches are prefabricated at the same time as the earthwork is excavated. The site for prefabrication must be flat and smooth, so the site should be leveled and compacted before prefabrication. The ditch is required to be square in size, and the mold release agent should be applied before the template is used. The board size should meet the requirements. The ditch should be smoothed with cement mortar of the same grade without sand holes. After the concrete is formed, a special person is assigned to cover it with sacks and sprinkle water for maintenance. Prefabricated ditch quality requirements: The finished test blocks will be sent to the testing center for quality inspection. The visual inspection of the appearance must ensure that the surface color is consistent, without exposed stones, peeling, cracks, etc. The prefabricated finished product has precise dimensions and a flat and smooth surface. It must meet the design requirements and the test blocks must be made on site.

[0133] 4. Pouring of trench bottom cushion layer

[0134] The concrete of the bottom plate should be poured continuously without leaving any construction joints; the concrete should be poured by pressing the slurry in succession; after the concrete is poured, the surface of the concrete should be scraped flat with a flat vibrator and a scraper to remove the surface water. After the concrete absorbs water, it should be rubbed flat with a wooden trowel and smoothed with an iron trowel. After the initial setting, it should be covered and cured immediately; the curing of concrete should avoid early dehydration of the concrete and lack of water during the curing process. At room temperature, the concrete is cured by covering and watering, and the number of watering times per day should be enough to ensure that the concrete surface is always moist;

[0135] 5. Drainage ditch installation

[0136] Before the drainage ditch is installed, the ditch cushion and ditch side should be cleaned and moistened with water. The strength grade of the cement mortar used for installation should meet the design requirements and the consistency should meet the construction requirements.

[0137] 6. Backfill the trench

[0138] Before backfilling the drainage ditch, the fertilizer troughs on both sides should be cleaned and the inspection records of the hidden works of brick drainage ditch should be obtained. When backfilling, the masonry mortar and cast-in-place concrete of the deformation joint have reached the compressive strength requirements specified in the design. The strength of the mortar or concrete in the plate joint has reached the design requirements. When backfilling the drainage ditch, both sides must be backfilled symmetrically, and unilateral backfilling is strictly prohibited. The backfill soil should be backfilled and compacted in layers, and the compaction degree after backfilling meets the design and relevant specifications.

[0139] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: intercepting ditches are arranged between sloping farmland and woodland, and drainage ditches are built for small ditches affected by siltation and erosion on surrounding roads and farmland. The design and construction measures of intercepting ditches can not only effectively manage and guide or stop the flow of rainwater and prevent soil erosion, but also improve the stability and durability of the structure, thus achieving the dual goals of economic benefits and ecological protection.

[0140] Example 5

[0141] On the basis of Example 1, the reclamation construction includes:

[0142] S30, calculating the water volume of the reclamation area, and judging whether the seepage volume after gravel landfill can meet the water volume requirement, if so, proceeding to step S31;

[0143] S31, stripping the trench topsoil for later use, trimming the trench cross-section into a rectangular shape, the trench width varies with the width of the erosion trench before shaping, the excavation volume should meet the soil volume required for the backfilled topsoil 8 of at least 50 cm after shaping, the trench bottom gradient after trimming should be no less than 2%, and the excavated backfilled topsoil 8 and raw soil are piled separately;

[0144] S32. Concealed pipes are laid. Concealed pipes 6 are laid in the middle of the entire trench bottom after repair. The trench bottom gradient should not be less than 2%. Pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant perforated threaded pipes or blind pipes should be selected. Concealed pipes are connected with anti-corrosion metal wires. The surface and joints of concealed pipes 6 should be wrapped with geotextiles. The inner diameter of concealed pipes 6 should be 20 cm. If concealed pipes 6 cannot meet the designed drainage volume, the pipe diameter and quantity can be increased.

[0145] S33, backfill the trench with earthwork, and after the earthwork backfilling is completed, backfill the topsoil 8, wherein the rule of earthwork backfilling is that the crushed stones 7 are buried on the concealed pipe 6 from fine to coarse and then from coarse to fine according to different particle sizes, and the top of the buried stone is 0.4m to 0.5m away from the trench edge surface;

[0146] S34. Implement ditch head protection at the ditch head to prevent water flow from eroding the gravel filling body, and implement ditch tail outlet protection at the ditch tail to ensure the smooth flow of the drainage system and prevent the movement or collapse of the gravel body.

[0147] Specifically, the crushed stones are buried according to different particle sizes from fine to coarse and then from coarse to fine to 50 cm below the ground surface, and then the topsoil is backfilled to 50 cm.

[0148] Preferably, the ditch head protection can adopt mortar-laid stone ditch head protection or gabion ditch head protection, and the ditch tail outlet protection can adopt mortar-laid stone ditch tail protection or gabion ditch tail protection.

[0149] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: judging whether the seepage volume after gravel landfill can meet the water collection requirement, ensuring the normal operation of the drainage system, trimming the ditch shape into a rectangle to improve the drainage efficiency and the stability of gravel filling, and filling gravel 7 of different particle sizes in the order from fine to coarse and then from coarse to fine to below 50 cm from the surface to ensure uniform and stable filling, backfilling the topsoil 8 to protect the soil layer, implementing ditch head protection at the ditch head, and implementing ditch tail outlet protection at the ditch tail to ensure that the gravel body does not move or collapse, and the land reclaimed after gravel landfill can be directly used for cultivation, increasing the arable land area and improving the level of agricultural mechanization.

[0150] Example 6

[0151] Based on Example 1, the evaluation of gully erosion control effect includes:

[0152] S41, the channel is evenly divided into n reference channels, the n reference channels are monitored respectively, and an evaluation matrix is ​​established in each monitoring cycle. The evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle is:

[0153]

[0154] Among them, a 1x is the soil erosion rate of the first section of the benchmark channel, a ix is the soil erosion rate of the i-th benchmark channel, a nx is the soil erosion rate of the nth section of the benchmark channel, b 1x is the vegetation coverage rate of the first section of the benchmark channel, b ix is the vegetation coverage rate of the i-th benchmark channel, b nx is the vegetation coverage rate of the nth benchmark channel, c 1x is the soil erosion rate of the first section of the benchmark channel, c ix is the soil erosion rate of the i-th benchmark channel, c nx is the soil erosion rate of the nth benchmark channel, d 1x is the real-time channel width of the first section of the reference channel, d ix The real-time channel width of the i-th reference channel, d nx The real-time channel width of the nth reference channel, e 1x is the actual water quality index of the first section of the benchmark channel, e ix is the actual water quality index of the i-th benchmark channel, e nx is the actual water quality index of the nth benchmark channel, f 1xis the channel patency of the first section of the reference channel, f ix is the channel patency of the i-th reference channel, f nx is the channel patency of the nth reference channel;

[0155] S42, calculate the similarity between the evaluation matrix in each monitoring cycle and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the corresponding monitoring cycle. The similarity between the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle is

[0156] S43. Based on the similarity between the evaluation matrix in several monitoring cycles and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the corresponding monitoring cycle, the actual evaluation value of the erosion gully control effect is calculated. If the actual evaluation value of the erosion gully control effect is less than the preset evaluation value of the erosion gully control effect, the staff is prompted to inspect the erosion gully.

[0157] Among them, the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period is:

[0158]

[0159] Among them, a 1x0 is the benchmark soil and water loss rate of the first benchmark channel, a ix0 is the benchmark soil and water loss rate of the i-th benchmark channel, a nx0 is the benchmark soil erosion rate of the nth benchmark channel, b 1x0 is the benchmark vegetation coverage rate of the first benchmark channel, b ix0 is the benchmark vegetation coverage rate of the benchmark channel in the i-th section, b nx0 is the benchmark vegetation coverage rate of the nth benchmark channel, c 1x0 is the base soil erosion rate of the first section of the base channel, c ix0 is the base soil erosion rate of the i-th base channel, c nx0 is the base soil erosion rate of the nth base channel, d 1x0 is the designed channel width of the first section of the reference channel, d ix0 The designed channel width of the i-th reference channel, d nx0 The designed channel width of the nth reference channel, e 1x0 is the benchmark water quality index of the first section of the benchmark channel, e ix0 is the benchmark water quality index of the i-th benchmark channel, e nx0 is the benchmark water quality index of the nth benchmark channel, f 1x is the reference channel patency of the first section of the reference channel, f 1x0 is the reference channel patency of the i-th reference channel, f nx0 is the reference channel patency of the nth reference channel.

[0160] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the ditch is evenly divided into n sections of benchmark ditches for monitoring, so that the evaluation is more detailed and comprehensive, and problems in local areas can be identified. By establishing an evaluation matrix, various indicators are systematically integrated to make the evaluation process scientifically based and easy to compare and analyze. The soil erosion rate, vegetation coverage rate, etc. of each section of the ditch are regularly monitored, which can timely reflect the governance effect and provide real-time feedback. Problems can be discovered in time, and governance measures can be adjusted based on real-time data to achieve dynamic governance. By calculating the similarity between the evaluation matrix and the benchmark evaluation matrix, a quantitative basis is provided for the governance effect to ensure the objectivity of the evaluation results. By calculating the comparison between the actual evaluation value and the preset evaluation value, the evaluation of the governance effect becomes clearer and more quantifiable. The erosion gully governance effect evaluation method not only improves the scientificity and effectiveness of governance, but also provides an important basis for subsequent management and decision-making.

[0161] Example 7

[0162] Based on Example 6, calculate the similarity between the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period

[0163]

[0164] in, is the similarity between the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, u is the total number of rows in the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, v is the total number of columns in the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, G 1jkx is the value of the jth row and kth column of the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, G 2jkx is the value of the j-th row and k-th column in the benchmark evaluation matrix during the x-th monitoring period.

[0165] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the similarity calculation between the evaluation matrix within the xth monitoring cycle and the benchmark evaluation matrix within the xth monitoring cycle takes into account all rows and columns of the evaluation matrix, which can comprehensively reflect the changes of multiple indicators and avoid one-sidedness. Through comprehensive comparison of various indicators, the information on the overall governance effect can be extracted, which is helpful for systematic analysis. The similarity calculation at a fixed period can timely understand the changes in the governance effect and facilitate the rapid adjustment of the governance strategy. The calculation of the similarity between the evaluation matrix within several monitoring cycles and the benchmark evaluation matrix within the corresponding monitoring cycle can effectively promote the monitoring and evaluation of the gully governance effect, promote the scientific and efficient governance work, and thus achieve better ecological environmental protection and sustainable development.

[0166] Example 8

[0167] Based on Example 6, the actual evaluation value of the erosion gully control effect is:

[0168]

[0169] Among them, γ is the actual evaluation value of the gully control effect, is the benchmark similarity between the evaluation matrix in the x-th monitoring period and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the x-th monitoring period, w is the total number of monitoring periods, and e is a natural number with a value of 2.71.

[0170] The working principle and beneficial effect of the above technical solution are as follows: when the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period is similar to the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period The greater the difference between the benchmark similarity between the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, the worse the gully control effect. It indicates the numerical difference between the evaluation matrix in each monitoring period and the similarity between the benchmark evaluation matrix in the corresponding monitoring period. If the numerical difference is larger, it proves that at least several local governance projects of the gully are damaged, resulting in poor final governance effect of the gully.

[0171] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for controlling gully erosion, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Use a drone to collect images of the area to be treated, and perform three-dimensional rendering to generate a three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated; S2. Determine the gully head, gully tail and gully channel of the erosion gully based on the three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated, and determine various types of construction treatment areas based on the gully head, gully tail and gully channel; S3. Carry out corresponding treatment construction in various construction and treatment areas, including terrace construction, ditch head protection, valley building, interception and drainage ditch design, ditch beach protection and reclamation construction; S4. Set up several monitoring cycles, collect data in each monitoring cycle, evaluate the gully erosion control effect based on the data collection results, and repair the gully erosion control project based on the evaluation results; The evaluation of gully control effectiveness includes: S41, the channel is evenly divided into n reference channels, the n reference channels are monitored respectively, and an evaluation matrix is ​​established in each monitoring cycle. The evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle is: ； in, is the soil erosion rate of the first section of the benchmark channel, is the soil and water loss rate of the i-th benchmark channel, is the soil erosion rate of the nth benchmark channel, is the vegetation coverage rate of the first section of the benchmark channel, is the vegetation coverage rate of the i-th benchmark channel, is the vegetation coverage rate of the nth benchmark channel, is the soil erosion rate of the first section of the benchmark channel, is the soil erosion rate of the i-th benchmark channel, is the soil erosion rate of the nth benchmark channel, is the real-time channel width of the first section of the reference channel, The real-time channel width of the i-th reference channel, The real-time channel width of the nth reference channel, is the actual water quality index of the first section of the benchmark channel, is the actual water quality index of the i-th benchmark channel, is the actual water quality index of the nth benchmark channel, is the channel patency of the first section of the reference channel, is the channel patency of the i-th reference channel, is the channel patency of the nth reference channel; S42, calculate the similarity between the evaluation matrix in each monitoring cycle and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the corresponding monitoring cycle, the similarity between the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle is ; S43, based on the similarity between the evaluation matrix in several monitoring cycles and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the corresponding monitoring cycle, calculating the actual evaluation value of the erosion gully management effect, if the actual evaluation value of the erosion gully management effect is less than the preset evaluation value of the erosion gully management effect, prompting the staff to inspect and repair the erosion gully; Among them, the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period is: ； in, is the benchmark soil and water loss rate of the first section of the benchmark channel, is the benchmark soil and water loss rate of the i-th benchmark channel, is the benchmark soil and water loss rate of the nth benchmark channel, is the benchmark vegetation coverage rate of the first benchmark channel, is the benchmark vegetation coverage rate of the i-th benchmark channel, is the benchmark vegetation coverage rate of the nth benchmark channel, is the baseline soil erosion rate of the first section of the baseline channel, is the baseline soil erosion rate of the i-th baseline channel, is the benchmark soil erosion rate of the nth benchmark channel, is the design channel width of the first section of the reference channel, The design channel width of the i-th reference channel, The designed channel width of the nth reference channel, is the benchmark water quality index of the first section of the benchmark channel, is the benchmark water quality index of the i-th benchmark channel, is the benchmark water quality index of the nth benchmark channel, is the reference channel patency of the first section of the reference channel, is the reference channel patency of the i-th reference channel, is the reference channel patency of the nth reference channel; Calculate the similarity between the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period : （5）； in, is the similarity between the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, is the total number of rows in the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle, is the total number of columns of the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring cycle, is the value of the jth row and kth column of the evaluation matrix in the xth monitoring period, is the value of the jth row and kth column in the benchmark assessment matrix during the xth monitoring period; Actual evaluation value of gully erosion control effect: （6）； in, is the actual evaluation value of the gully erosion control effect, is the benchmark similarity between the evaluation matrix in the x-th monitoring period and the benchmark evaluation matrix in the x-th monitoring period, w is the total number of monitoring periods, and e is a natural number with a value of 2.

71.

2. A method for treating gully erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes: S10. Collect the initial remote sensing images of the area to be treated by drone; S11, dividing the initial remote sensing image, and determining the image clarity of each divided area to determine the degree of qualification, thereby forming a number of initial qualified clarity images and a number of initial unqualified clarity images; S12, using a drone to collect supplementary remote sensing images of areas corresponding to a number of images with unqualified initial clarity, to obtain a number of supplementary collected images; S13, comparing the clarity of each supplementary collected image with the clarity of the corresponding initial unqualified clarity image; if the clarity of the supplementary collected image is greater than that of the initial unqualified clarity image, then replacing the initial unqualified clarity image corresponding to the initial remote sensing image with the corresponding supplementary collected image; otherwise, repeating step S12; Finally, the final remote sensing image of the area to be treated is formed; S14, performing three-dimensional rendering on the final remote sensing image of the area to be treated to generate a three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated.

3. A method for treating erosion gullies according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S14 includes: S140, performing three-dimensional rendering on the final remote sensing image of the area to be treated based on a 3D engine to generate an initial three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated; S141. Perform shadow processing, texture optimization, and detail enhancement on the initial three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated to obtain a three-dimensional scene image of the area to be treated.

4. A method for treating gully erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: Ditch head protection includes the construction of mortar-laid stone walls (3), slope ditch head protection and ditch head hydrological calculations; The ditch head hydrological calculation includes the ditch head design flow calculation and the ditch head flow capacity calculation; Design flow rate of ditch head: ;in, is the design flow rate of the ditch head, The maximum rainfall intensity of 6 hours in a 5-year return period is is the catchment area above the ditch head, is the runoff coefficient of the ditch head, which is 0.82; Groove head current capacity: ;in, is the current capacity of the groove head, is the cross-sectional area of ​​the ditch head, is the groove head roughness, For the wet periphery of the ditch head, is the hydraulic slope of the ditch head; When the flow capacity of the groove head is greater than the design flow of the groove head, the groove head is qualified.

5. The method for treating gully erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intercepting drainage ditch comprises an intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch. The intercepting drainage ditch adopts a prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular groove intercepting drainage ditch (1) and a mortar-laid stone intercepting drainage ditch (2); Each section of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch (1) is 2m long, a 0.20m thick gravel cushion layer (11) is laid on the bottom of the reinforced concrete rectangular trough (10), the installation height difference and joint width of adjacent reinforced concrete rectangular troughs (10) are less than 5mm, and the joints of the reinforced concrete rectangular troughs (10) of the turning section of the prefabricated reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch (1) are filled and plastered with M10 cement mortar; The inlet of the precast reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch (1) is protected by a trumpet-shaped mortar masonry (12), with a protection length of 2m and an opening angle of 20 degrees. The protection height of the mortar masonry (12) is the same as the height of the reinforced concrete rectangular trough (10), with a thickness of 0.4m. The bottom protection thickness of the mortar masonry (12) is 0.4m. A 20cm thick gravel cushion is laid under the mortar masonry (12). The mortar masonry (12) is built with M10 cement mortar, and the strength of the block stone is not less than MU30. The outlet of the precast reinforced concrete rectangular trough intercepting drainage ditch (1) is provided with a stone cage protection tank with a thickness of 0.4m and a surface product ; The mortar-laid stone intercepting drainage ditch (2) comprises a mortar-laid stone rectangular groove (20), and a 20 cm thick gravel cushion layer (21) is laid below the mortar-laid stone rectangular groove (20).

6. A method for treating gully erosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: Reclamation works include: S30, calculating the water volume of the reclamation area, and judging whether the seepage volume after gravel landfill can meet the water volume requirement, if so, proceeding to step S31; S31. Strip the topsoil from the ditch for later use. The cross-sectional shape of the ditch is trimmed to be rectangular. The ditch width varies with the width of the erosion ditch before trimming. The amount of excavation should be enough to meet the soil volume required for the backfilled topsoil (8) of at least 50 cm after trimming. The gradient of the ditch bottom after trimming should be no less than 2%. The excavated backfilled topsoil (8) and raw soil are piled separately. S32. Concealed pipes are laid. Concealed pipes (6) are laid in the middle of the entire trench bottom after repair. The trench bottom gradient should not be less than 2%. Pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant threaded pipes or blind pipes with holes should be selected. Concealed pipes are connected with anti-corrosion metal wires. The surface and joints of the concealed pipes (6) should be wrapped with geotextiles. The inner diameter of the concealed pipes (6) should be 20 cm. If the concealed pipes (6) cannot meet the designed drainage volume, increase the pipe diameter and quantity. S33, backfilling the trench with earthwork, and after the earthwork backfilling is completed, backfilling with topsoil (8), wherein the rule of earthwork backfilling is that the crushed stones (7) are buried on the concealed pipe (6) according to different particle sizes, first from fine to coarse and then from coarse to fine, and the top of the buried stone is 0.4m to 0.5m away from the trench edge surface; S34. Implement ditch head protection at the ditch head to prevent water flow from eroding the gravel filling body, and implement ditch tail outlet protection at the ditch tail to ensure the smooth flow of the drainage system and prevent the movement or collapse of the gravel body.

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