A hydrogen precooling system and operation method for a large flow hydrogenation system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydrogen precooling system and operation method for a large-flow hydrogenation system. The hydrogen precooling system includes a normal-temperature hydrogen pipeline group, a precooling hydrogen pipeline group, a precooling tank, a hydrogen storage mechanism, a mixing buffer mechanism, a hydrogenation mechanism and a central processing unit; the normal-temperature hydrogen pipeline group and the precooling hydrogen pipeline group are arranged in parallel, and one end is connected to the hydrogen storage mechanism, and the other end is connected to the mixing buffer mechanism; the hydrogenation mechanism and the mixing buffer mechanism are connected in series. Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen in the present invention undergoes heat exchange with the low-temperature working medium in the precooling tank to obtain a large amount of cooling capacity, which can meet the large demand for cooling capacity for large-flow hydrogen filling; the cooled low-temperature hydrogen is mixed with the normal-temperature hydrogen to avoid excessive precooling; by adjusting the number of pipelines in the precooling hydrogen pipeline group and the number of pipelines in the normal-temperature hydrogen pipeline group, the precooling temperature of the final hydrogen filling can be controlled to meet different hydrogenation needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy and fuel cell vehicles, and in particular to a hydrogen precooling system and an operating method for a large-flow hydrogenation system. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen, the fuel for hydrogen fuel cells, boasts cleanliness, pollution-free operation, and high energy efficiency, making it the most promising clean energy source. To promote the widespread use of hydrogen energy, hydrogen refueling stations are essential supporting infrastructure. Hydrogen refueling stations are categorized as high-pressure hydrogen refueling stations and liquid hydrogen refueling stations, depending on the hydrogen storage state within the station. Research on liquid hydrogen refueling stations in my country is still in its early stages, with regulations and standards still incomplete and the required equipment and technology immature. Therefore, high-pressure hydrogen refueling stations are currently the primary method of practical use.

[0003] At high-pressure hydrogen refueling stations, due to the low density of hydrogen, hydrogen must first be compressed and stored in the station's high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks. When a fuel cell vehicle requires hydrogen refueling, the high-pressure hydrogen is added to the vehicle's onboard hydrogen storage bottle via a hydrogen refueling machine. Because hydrogen has a negative Joule-Thomson coefficient, heat is generated when the pressure decreases. During the refueling process, hydrogen flows through a large number of pressure reducing elements, causing the temperature to rise, ultimately increasing the temperature in the hydrogen storage bottle. This can lead to a decrease in the hydrogen density within the hydrogen storage bottle, reducing the fuel cell vehicle's range, or even failure of the hydrogen storage bottle, triggering a hydrogen leak. Precooling the hydrogen before refueling is an effective solution.

[0004] Numerous related invention patents exist for hydrogen refueling station precooling systems. Chinese patent CN220016976U discloses a single-heat-exchanger cold storage precooling system for hydrogen refueling stations. This system uses a CO2 transcritical refrigeration cycle refrigeration unit as a cold source, providing cooling for hydrogen through a large heat exchanger. The system also includes a cold storage tank, which stores cooling energy in a cold storage tank during nighttime power outages. During hydrogen refueling, the cooling energy in the cold storage tank can also be used to cool hydrogen, increasing overall cooling capacity and ensuring efficient power utilization. Chinese patent CN116642128 A discloses a two-stage precooling hydrogen refueling system with an integrated vortex tube. In this system, hydrogen, after flowing out of the station's hydrogen storage bottle, first passes through a vortex tube, which separates the hydrogen into a low-temperature portion and a high-temperature portion. The low-temperature hydrogen is directly cooled by the second-stage precooling unit, while the high-temperature hydrogen is sequentially cooled by the first and second-stage precooling units. Both precooling units utilize a refrigeration cycle to generate cooling energy. This solution avoids throttling of hydrogen, overcomes the high power consumption defect of conventional two-stage pre-cooling systems, and reduces overall power consumption.

[0005] The vast majority of currently operating hydrogen refueling stations utilize external refrigeration units to generate cold for cooling hydrogen. Using refrigeration units for pre-cooling offers the advantages of controllable cooling capacity and refrigerant recycling. For small-volume hydrogen storage bottles in typical compact cars, refrigeration units are sufficient to meet cooling requirements. However, for larger hydrogen storage bottles in heavy-duty trucks or even high-speed trains, using refrigeration units for pre-cooling may result in insufficient cooling capacity. Therefore, the development of pre-cooling methods and systems with greater cooling capacity is necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a hydrogen precooling system for high-flow hydrogenation systems. By providing both ambient-temperature and precooled hydrogen pipelines within the hydrogen precooling system, the ratio of ambient-temperature hydrogen to precooled hydrogen required for blending can be calculated based on the varying hydrogen precooling temperature ranges required by different hydrogenation targets. This ratio can then be used to blend hydrogen according to the desired ratio. This eliminates the need for expensive and unreliable hydrogen flow control valves, reduces the risk of leakage throughout the hydrogenation system, and lowers system costs.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a hydrogen precooling system for a large-flow hydrogenation system, comprising a room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group, a precooling hydrogen pipeline group, a precooling tank, a hydrogen storage mechanism, a blending buffer mechanism, a hydrogenation mechanism, and a central processing unit;

[0009] The room temperature hydrogen pipeline group is arranged in parallel with the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group, one end of the room temperature hydrogen pipeline group is connected to the hydrogen storage mechanism, and the other end is connected to the mixing buffer mechanism;

[0010] One end of the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group is connected to the hydrogen storage mechanism, and the other end passes through the pre-cooling tank and is connected to the mixing buffer mechanism. The pre-cooling tank stores a cooling medium, which includes a solid cryogenic working medium, a liquid cryogenic working medium, or a liquid working medium that easily turns into gas after absorbing heat. The pre-cooling tank is used for heat preservation treatment to completely cool the hydrogen passing through the pre-cooling tank to the temperature of the cryogenic working medium;

[0011] The hydrogenation mechanism is connected in series with the blending buffer mechanism;

[0012] The central processing unit is used to monitor the hydrogen temperature and pressure in the hydrogen storage mechanism, monitor the hydrogen temperature and flow in the pipeline, and control the connection or blocking of the hydrogen storage mechanism and the pipeline, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the hydrogen precooling system.

[0013] Furthermore, when the cooling medium is a solid or liquid cryogenic working fluid, the hydrogen precooling system also includes a refrigeration mechanism, which is connected to the precooling tank pipeline and is communicatively connected to the central processing unit. The refrigeration mechanism is used to control the temperature of the solid or liquid cryogenic working fluid in the precooling tank to a preset value.

[0014] Furthermore, when the cooling medium is a liquid working medium that easily turns into gas after absorbing heat, the hydrogen precooling system further includes a filling port, a liquid level gauge and a cryogenic gas storage tank;

[0015] The filling port and the liquid level gauge are both provided on the pre-cooling tank, the filling port is used to replenish the liquid working medium, and the liquid level gauge is connected to the central processing unit for monitoring the cooling medium level in the pre-cooling tank;

[0016] The low-temperature gas storage tank is connected in series with the pre-cooling tank.

[0017] Furthermore, the low-temperature gas storage tank is connected to the end of the exhaust pipeline of the pre-cooling tank, a first check valve is provided on the exhaust pipeline, and a second check valve is provided on the low-temperature gas storage tank. Both the first check valve and the second check valve are communicatively connected to the central processing unit.

[0018] Furthermore, the normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group includes several normal temperature hydrogen pipelines, and the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group includes several pre-cooling hydrogen pipelines. Several of the normal temperature hydrogen pipelines and pre-cooling hydrogen pipelines are each provided with a first shut-off valve and a temperature, pressure, and flow measuring unit, and the first shut-off valve and the temperature, pressure, and flow measuring unit are communicatively connected to the central processing unit.

[0019] Furthermore, a second shut-off valve is provided on the outlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage mechanism;

[0020] The hydrogen storage mechanism includes a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a boosting pipeline is provided between the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and a third shut-off valve and a compression mechanism are provided on the boosting pipeline;

[0021] The third shut-off valve is in communication with the central processing unit.

[0022] Furthermore, the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank are both provided with temperature and pressure measuring units, and the temperature and pressure measuring units are communicatively connected to the central processing unit.

[0023] Furthermore, the cryogenic gas storage tank is provided with a pressure gauge, which is used to monitor the pressure of the gas in the cryogenic gas storage tank.

[0024] Furthermore, the refrigeration mechanism is a low-temperature refrigerator or a cold energy utilization system that utilizes cold energy of a low-temperature medium.

[0025] The present invention also provides an operating method for a hydrogen precooling system for a large-flow hydrogenation system, the operating method comprising:

[0026] Low-pressure hydrogenation mode: Based on the measured hydrogen temperature in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen pre-cooling temperature range required by the hydrogenation object, the ratio of room-temperature hydrogen and pre-cooled hydrogen is calculated, and the first shut-off valve is adjusted so that the hydrogen flowing out of the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank is fully mixed and evenly heated in the mixing buffer mechanism before being charged into the hydrogenation object through the hydrogenation mechanism;

[0027] High-pressure hydrogenation mode: Based on the measured hydrogen temperature in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen pre-cooling temperature range required by the hydrogenation object, the ratio of room-temperature hydrogen to pre-cooled hydrogen is calculated, and the first shut-off valve is adjusted so that the hydrogen flowing out of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is fully mixed and evenly heated in the mixing buffer mechanism before being charged into the hydrogenation object through the hydrogenation mechanism;

[0028] Compression mechanism hydrogenation mode: According to the measured hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank cannot meet the high-pressure hydrogenation demand, open the third shut-off valve, start the compression mechanism, compress the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank and fill it into the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. After the gas replenishment is completed, subsequent hydrogen filling is carried out according to the process of the high-pressure hydrogenation mode.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention sets a reasonable number of room-temperature hydrogen pipelines and precooling hydrogen pipelines in the hydrogen precooling system. According to the different hydrogen precooling temperature ranges required by different hydrogenation objects, the ratio of room-temperature hydrogen and precooling hydrogen required for blending can be calculated in a targeted manner. By controlling the shut-off valve, the room-temperature hydrogen and the precooled hydrogen are blended according to the set ratio. The hydrogen flow regulating valve with high cost and poor reliability can be discarded, thereby reducing the leakage risk of the entire hydrogenation system and reducing the cost of the hydrogenation system.

[0031] 2. The pre-cooling tank in the present invention stores a large amount of low-temperature medium, which can quickly and completely cool the hydrogen flowing through it; when the hydrogen flow rate is large, the pre-cooling tank can also provide sufficient cooling capacity to meet the needs of large-flow hydrogen filling.

[0032] 3. When the pre-cooling tank stores solid or liquid cryogenic working fluids cooled by other cryogenic media such as liquid hydrogen and liquefied natural gas, or stores liquid cryogenic working fluids that easily turn into gas after absorbing heat, such as liquid nitrogen, the hydrogen is at risk of being overcooled due to the very low temperature of the cryogenic working fluid. By connecting the normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group and the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group provided by the present invention in parallel, and mixing the normal temperature hydrogen with the pre-cooling hydrogen, the risk of directly filling the hydrogen storage bottle with overcooled low-temperature hydrogen, which may cause the hydrogen storage bottle to be too cold and fail, can be avoided. When the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank is liquid nitrogen, the cooling capacity of liquid nitrogen can be used to pre-cool the hydrogen. The temperature of liquid nitrogen is significantly lower than that of normal temperature hydrogen, and its density is much greater than that of high-pressure hydrogen. The cooling capacity provided by unit volume of liquid nitrogen is large, and the space of the entire cooling system is small. When liquid nitrogen and normal temperature hydrogen undergo heat exchange, the heat exchange capacity is strong and the heat exchange efficiency is high, and large-flow hydrogen can be quickly cooled.

[0033] 4. The present invention introduces a low-temperature gas storage tank for storing low-temperature gas to be discharged into the hydrogen pre-cooling system, which can reuse the cold energy in the low-temperature gas generated after the evaporation of the liquid low-temperature working fluid in the pre-cooling tank, effectively reducing the amount of liquid low-temperature working fluid used and lowering the cost of use.

[0034] The hydrogen exchanges heat with the cryogenic working fluid in the pre-cooling tank to obtain a large amount of cooling capacity, which can meet the large demand for cooling capacity for large-flow hydrogen refueling; the cooled low-temperature hydrogen is mixed with the room-temperature hydrogen to avoid excessive pre-cooling; by adjusting the number of pipelines in the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group and the number of pipelines in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group, the pre-cooling temperature of the final hydrogen refueling can be controlled to meet different hydrogen refueling needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the principle of the hydrogen precooling system in Example 1 when the cooling medium is a liquid cryogenic working medium and hydrogenation is performed at 35 MPa;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principle of the hydrogen precooling system in Example 2 when the cooling medium is a liquid cryogenic working medium and hydrogenation is performed at 70 MPa;

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the principle of the hydrogen precooling system in Example 3 when using a solid cryogenic working fluid and hydrogenation at 35 MPa;

[0038] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the principle of the hydrogen precooling system in Example 4 when the cooling medium is a liquid that easily turns into gas after absorbing heat and hydrogen is added at 35 MPa;

[0039] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the principle of the hydrogen precooling system in Example 5 when the cooling medium is a liquid that easily turns into gas after absorbing heat and hydrogen is added at 70 MPa;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrogen pre-cooling system with an additional pressurization pipeline in Example 6.

[0041] Figure 1 Description of the markup in:

[0042] 1-precooling tank, 2-refrigeration mechanism, 4-hydrogen storage mechanism, 5-blending buffer mechanism, 6-hydrogenation mechanism, 7-first shut-off valve, 8-temperature, pressure and flow measurement unit, 43-second shut-off valve, 44-temperature and pressure measurement unit, a-normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group, b-precooling hydrogen pipeline group;

[0043] Figure 2 Description of the markup in:

[0044] 1-precooling tank, 2-refrigeration mechanism, 4-hydrogen storage mechanism, 5-blending buffer mechanism, 6-hydrogenation mechanism, 7-first shut-off valve, 8-temperature, pressure and flow measurement unit, 43-second shut-off valve, 44-temperature and pressure measurement unit, a-normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group, b-precooling hydrogen pipeline group;

[0045] Figure 3 Description of the markup in:

[0046] 1-precooling tank, 2-refrigeration mechanism, 4-hydrogen storage mechanism, 5-blending buffer mechanism, 6-hydrogenation mechanism, 7-first shut-off valve, 8-temperature, pressure and flow measurement unit, 43-second shut-off valve, 44-temperature and pressure measurement unit, a-normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group, b-precooling hydrogen pipeline group;

[0047] Figure 4 Description of the markup in:

[0048] 1- Pre-cooling tank, 3- Low-temperature gas storage tank, 4- Hydrogen storage mechanism, 5- Blending buffer mechanism, 6- Hydrogenation mechanism, 7- First shut-off valve, 8- Temperature, pressure and flow measurement unit, 9- Filling port, 10- Liquid level gauge, 11- First check valve, 12- Second check valve, 43- Second shut-off valve, 44- Temperature and pressure measurement unit, a- Normal temperature hydrogen pipeline assembly, b- Pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline assembly;

[0049] Figure 5 Description of the markup in:

[0050] 1- Pre-cooling tank, 3- Low-temperature gas storage tank, 4- Hydrogen storage mechanism, 5- Blending buffer mechanism, 6- Hydrogenation mechanism, 7- First shut-off valve, 8- Temperature, pressure and flow measurement unit, 9- Filling port, 10- Liquid level gauge, 11- First check valve, 12- Second check valve, 43- Second shut-off valve, 44- Temperature and pressure measurement unit, a- Normal temperature hydrogen pipeline assembly, b- Pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline assembly;

[0051] Figure 6 Description of the markup in:

[0052] 1-Precooling tank, 3-Cryogenic gas storage tank, 5-Mixing buffer mechanism, 6-Hydrogenation mechanism, 7-First shut-off valve, 8-Temperature, pressure and flow measuring unit, 9-Filling port, 10-Liquid level gauge, 11-First check valve, 12-Second check valve, 41-Low-pressure hydrogen storage tank, 42-High-pressure hydrogen storage tank, 43-Second shut-off valve, 44-Temperature and pressure measuring unit, 13-Third shut-off valve, 14-Compression mechanism, a-Normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group, b-Precooling hydrogen pipeline group, c-Boosting pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below through examples. These examples are implemented under the premise of the scheme described in the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating processes, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0054] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Any features, such as component models, material names, connection structures, preparation methods, materials, structures, or composition ratios, that are not explicitly described in this technical solution are considered to be common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0055] A hydrogen precooling system for a high-flow hydrogenation system includes a room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a, a precooling hydrogen pipeline group b, a precooling tank 1, a hydrogen storage mechanism 4, a blending buffer mechanism 5, a hydrogenation mechanism 6, and a central processing unit. The room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a and the precooling hydrogen pipeline group b are arranged in parallel, with one end of the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a connected to the hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and the other end connected to the blending buffer mechanism 5.

[0056] The central processing unit (CPU) monitors the hydrogen temperature and pressure within the hydrogen storage mechanism, as well as the hydrogen temperature and flow rate within each pipeline. The first shutoff valve 7, second shutoff valve 43, third shutoff valve 13, first check valve 11, and second check valve 12 are all electrically controlled valves connected to the CPU to control the connection or disconnection between the hydrogen storage mechanism 4 and each pipeline. Based on the monitored temperature, pressure, and flow rate, as well as the pre-cooling system's usage scenario, the CPU controls the opening and closing of each valve to ensure the system's normal operation.

[0057] One end of the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline assembly b is connected to the hydrogen storage mechanism 4, and the other end passes through the pre-cooling tank 1 and is connected to the blending buffer mechanism 5. The pre-cooling tank 1 stores a cooling medium, which can include a solid cryogenic medium, a liquid cryogenic medium, or a liquid medium that easily converts to gas after absorbing heat. The pre-cooling tank 1 is used for heat preservation, completely cooling the hydrogen passing through the pre-cooling tank 1 to the temperature of the cryogenic medium. The hydrogenation mechanism 6 is connected in series with the blending buffer mechanism 5.

[0058] The mixing buffer mechanism 5 has a pressure range of 1 to 90 MPa and includes a certain number of hydrogen storage tanks. The pressure range of each hydrogen storage tank can be different, and the number and volume of hydrogen storage tanks with different pressure ranges can be adjusted according to hydrogen filling requirements. The hydrogen filling mechanism 6 has a rated filling pressure of 1 to 70 MPa, and the number of hydrogen filling machines and rated filling pressure can be adjusted according to hydrogen filling requirements.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 is a liquid cryogenic medium, the hydrogen pre-cooling system further includes a refrigeration mechanism 2, which is a cryogenic refrigerator. The cryogenic refrigerator is connected to the pre-cooling tank 1 by a pipeline and is in communication with the central processing unit. Refrigeration mechanism 2 is used to control the temperature of the solid or liquid cryogenic medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 to a preset value. The room temperature hydrogen pipeline group a includes one pipeline, and the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group b includes two pipelines. Each pipeline is equipped with a first shut-off valve 7 and a temperature, pressure, and flow measurement unit 8.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, when the cooling medium in pre-cooling tank 1 is a solid cryogenic medium, the hydrogen pre-cooling system further includes a refrigeration mechanism 2, which is a liquid hydrogen pipeline. This pipeline passes through pre-cooling tank 1, is arranged parallel to pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline b, and is communicatively connected to the central processing unit. Normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group a includes four pipelines, and pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group b includes one pipeline. Each pipeline is equipped with a first shut-off valve 7 and a temperature, pressure, and flow measurement unit 8.

[0061] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 is a liquid medium that easily turns into a gas after absorbing heat, such as liquid nitrogen, the hydrogen pre-cooling system also includes a filling port 9, a liquid level gauge 10, and a cryogenic gas storage tank 3. The filling port 9 and the liquid level gauge 10 are both located on the pre-cooling tank 1. The filling port 9 is used to replenish the liquid medium. The liquid level gauge 10 is communicatively connected to the central processing unit and is used to monitor the cooling medium level in the pre-cooling tank 1. The cryogenic gas storage tank 3 is connected in series with the pre-cooling tank 1. The cryogenic gas storage tank 3 is connected to the end of the exhaust pipeline of the pre-cooling tank 1. The exhaust pipeline is equipped with a first check valve 11. The cryogenic gas storage tank 3 is also equipped with a second check valve 12. Both the first check valve 11 and the second check valve 12 are communicatively connected to the central processing unit. The room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a includes five pipelines, and the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group b includes two pipelines. Each pipeline is equipped with a first shut-off valve 7 and a temperature, pressure, and flow measurement unit 8. The pipelines in the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group b pass through the low-temperature gas storage tank 3 and the pre-cooling tank 1.

[0062] The rated pressure of the gas in the precooling tank 1 is 1 to 1.6 MPa. When the gas pressure in the precooling tank 1 exceeds the rated pressure, the first check valve 11 is opened to discharge the gas through the first exhaust pipe until the gas pressure in the precooling tank 1 returns to the set value of 0.1 to 0.9 MPa, and then the first check valve 11 is closed.

[0063] The rated pressure of the gas stored in the cryogenic gas storage tank 3 is 1 to 1.6 MPa. When the gas pressure in the cryogenic gas storage tank 3 exceeds the rated pressure, the second check valve 12 is opened to discharge the gas into the atmosphere until the gas pressure in the cryogenic gas storage tank 3 returns to the set value of 0.1 to 0.9 MPa, and then the second check valve 12 is closed.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, when the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 is a liquid working medium that easily turns into gas after absorbing heat, the hydrogen storage mechanism 4 includes a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42. The hydrogen storage mechanism 4 has a pressure range of 1 to 90 MPa and includes a certain number of low-pressure hydrogen storage tanks 41 and high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks 42. The pressure range of each hydrogen storage tank can be different, and the number and volume of hydrogen storage tanks with different pressure ranges can be adjusted according to hydrogen filling needs.

[0065] A boosting pipeline c is provided between the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42, and a second shut-off valve 43 and a compression mechanism 14 are provided on the boosting pipeline c; the second shut-off valve 43 is communicatively connected to the central processing unit. Both the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42 are provided with a temperature and pressure measuring unit 44, and the temperature and pressure measuring unit 44 is communicatively connected to the central processing unit. The normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group a includes five pipelines, and the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group b includes two pipelines, each of which is provided with a first shut-off valve 7 and a temperature, pressure and flow measuring unit 8. The pipelines in the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group b pass through the low-temperature gas storage tank 3 and the pre-cooling tank 1; a third shut-off valve 13 and a compression mechanism 14 are provided on the boosting pipeline c.

[0066] An operating method based on the above-mentioned hydrogen precooling system for a large-flow hydrogenation system, the operating method comprising:

[0067] Low-pressure hydrogenation mode: When the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 is required for charging, the ratio of room-temperature hydrogen to pre-cooled hydrogen is calculated based on the hydrogen temperature in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 measured by the temperature and pressure measuring unit 44 and the hydrogen pre-cooling temperature range required by the hydrogenated object. The shut-off valve of the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 is opened, a certain number of shut-off valves in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a are opened, and a certain number of shut-off valves in the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b are opened. The hydrogen flowing out of the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 passes through the selected pipelines in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a and the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b, is fully mixed and evenly heated in the blending buffer mechanism 5, and then is charged into the hydrogenated object through the hydrogenation mechanism 6.

[0068] High-pressure hydrogenation mode: When the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42 is required for charging, the ratio of room-temperature hydrogen to pre-cooled hydrogen is calculated based on the hydrogen temperature in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42 measured by the temperature and pressure measuring unit 44 and the hydrogen pre-cooling temperature range required by the hydrogenated object. The shut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42 is opened, a certain number of shut-off valves in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a are opened, and a certain number of shut-off valves in the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b are opened. The hydrogen flowing out of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42 passes through the selected pipelines in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a and the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b, is fully mixed and evenly heated in the blending buffer mechanism 5, and then is charged into the hydrogenated object through the hydrogenation mechanism 6.

[0069] Compression mechanism hydrogenation mode: According to the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42 measured by the temperature and pressure measuring unit 44, when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42 cannot meet the high-pressure hydrogenation demand, the third shut-off valve 13 is opened, and the compression mechanism 14 is started to compress the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 and fill it into the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42. After the gas replenishment is completed, subsequent hydrogen filling is carried out according to the process of the high-pressure hydrogenation mode.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] When the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 is a liquid cryogenic medium, such as R134a, the refrigeration mechanism 2 is a cryogenic refrigerator. The temperature t1 of the pre-cooling tank 1 is maintained at -40°C under the control of the central processing unit, and the hydrogen is cooled to -40°C after passing through the pre-cooling tank 1.

[0072] When filling 35MPa hydrogen, the hydrogen storage mechanism 4 includes a 45MPa hydrogen storage tank. Assuming that the hydrogen temperature t0 in the bottle is 20°C, the hydrogen filling mechanism 6 is a 35MPa hydrogen filling machine. When the ratio of the normal temperature hydrogen pipeline to the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline is 1:2, as Figure 1 shown.

[0073] The temperature t of hydrogen after mixing is:

[0074]

[0075] The temperature t of the hydrogen after blending meets the 35MPa hydrogenation pre-cooling temperature of -20°C specified in the standard SAE J2601, and can be filled.

[0076] During refueling, the first shutoff valves 7 on the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline and the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline are opened in a 1:2 ratio. The second shutoff valve 43 on the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank is opened. The hydrogen flowing out of the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank passes through selected pipelines in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a and the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b, is thoroughly mixed and evenly heated in the blending buffer mechanism 5, and then is fed into the hydrogenated object through the 35MPa hydrogenator. When the hydrogenated object reaches its rated pressure, all shutoff valves are closed, completing the hydrogenation process.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] When the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 is a liquid cryogenic medium, such as R134a, the refrigeration mechanism 2 is a cryogenic refrigerator. The temperature t1 of the pre-cooling tank 1 is maintained at -40°C under the control of the central processing unit, and the hydrogen is cooled to -40°C after passing through the pre-cooling tank 1.

[0079] When filling 70MPa hydrogen, the hydrogen storage mechanism 4 includes a 45MPa low-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a 90MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. Assuming that the hydrogen temperature t0 in the bottle is 20°C, the hydrogen filling mechanism 6 is a 70MPa hydrogen filling machine. When all the hydrogen flows only through the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 shown.

[0080] The temperature t of the mixed hydrogen is the same as the temperature t1 of the precooling tank 1, which is -40°C, meeting the 70MPa hydrogenation precooling temperature of -40°C specified in the standard SAE J2601, and can be filled.

[0081] During refueling, only the first shutoff valve 7 on the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline is opened. First, the shutoff valve on the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank is opened. The hydrogen flowing out of the hydrogen storage tank passes through the selected pipeline in the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b, is thoroughly mixed and evenly heated in the blending buffer mechanism 5, and then is charged into the hydrogenated object via the 70MPa hydrogenation machine. When the pressure of the hydrogenated object reaches 35MPa, the shutoff valve on the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank is closed, and the shutoff valve on the 90MPa hydrogen storage tank is opened. The hydrogen flowing out of the hydrogen storage tank passes through the selected pipeline in the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b, is thoroughly mixed and evenly heated in the blending buffer mechanism 5, and then is charged into the hydrogenated object via the hydrogenation machine. When the hydrogenated object reaches its rated pressure, all shutoff valves are closed, completing the hydrogenation process.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] When the cooling medium in pre-cooling tank 1 is a solid cryogenic medium, such as aluminum, refrigeration mechanism 2 is a cold energy utilization system that utilizes the cold energy of other cryogenic media, such as liquid hydrogen or liquefied natural gas, such as the liquid hydrogen pipeline output from the liquid hydrogen booster pump in a liquid hydrogen refueling station. The central processing unit controls the temperature t2 of pre-cooling tank 1 to maintain at -180°C, and the hydrogen is cooled to -180°C after passing through pre-cooling tank 1.

[0084] When filling 35MPa hydrogen, the hydrogen storage mechanism 4 is a 45MPa hydrogen storage tank. Assuming that the hydrogen temperature t0 in the bottle is 20°C, the hydrogen filling mechanism 6 is a 35MPa hydrogen filling machine. When the ratio of the number of hydrogen storage tanks for normal temperature hydrogen pipelines and pre-cooled hydrogen pipelines is 4:1, Figure 3 shown.

[0085] The temperature t of hydrogen after mixing is:

[0086]

[0087] After blending, the hydrogen temperature t meets the 35MPa hydrogenation pre-cooling temperature of -20°C specified in the SAE J2601 standard, allowing refueling. During refueling, the shutoff valves on the ambient temperature hydrogen pipeline and the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline are opened in a 4:1 ratio. The shutoff valve on the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank is also opened. The hydrogen flowing from the hydrogen storage tank passes through selected pipelines in the ambient temperature hydrogen pipeline group a and the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group b, is thoroughly mixed and evenly heated in the blending buffer mechanism 5, and then is charged into the hydrogenated object through the hydrogenator. When the hydrogenated object reaches its rated pressure, all shutoff valves are closed, completing the hydrogenation process.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] When the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 is a cryogenic liquid that easily turns into gas after absorbing heat, such as liquid nitrogen, no additional refrigeration mechanism 2 is required. The temperature t3 of the pre-cooling tank 1 is the saturation temperature of liquid nitrogen, that is, t3 = -196°C. The hydrogen is cooled to -196°C after passing through the cryogenic gas storage tank 3 and the pre-cooling tank 1.

[0090] When filling 35MPa hydrogen, the hydrogen storage mechanism 4 is a 45MPa hydrogen storage tank. Assuming that the hydrogen temperature t0 in the bottle is 20°C, the hydrogen filling mechanism 6 is a 35MPa hydrogen filling machine. When the ratio of the normal temperature hydrogen pipeline to the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline is 4:1, as Figure 4 shown.

[0091] The temperature t of hydrogen after mixing is:

[0092]

[0093] The temperature t of the hydrogen after blending meets the 35MPa hydrogenation pre-cooling temperature of -20°C specified in the standard SAE J2601, and can be filled.

[0094] During refueling, the first shutoff valves 7, which are located on the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline and the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline in a 4:1 ratio, are opened. The shutoff valve on the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank is also opened. The hydrogen flowing from the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank passes through selected pipelines in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a and the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b, is thoroughly mixed and evenly heated in the blending buffer mechanism 5, and then is fed into the hydrogenated object through the hydrogenator. When the hydrogenated object reaches its rated pressure, all shutoff valves are closed, completing the hydrogenation process.

[0095] Example 5:

[0096] When the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 is a cryogenic liquid that easily turns into gas after absorbing heat, such as liquid nitrogen, no additional refrigeration mechanism 2 is required. The temperature t3 of the pre-cooling tank 1 is the saturation temperature of liquid nitrogen, that is, t3 = -196°C. The hydrogen is cooled to -196°C after passing through the cryogenic gas storage tank 3 and the pre-cooling tank 1.

[0097] When filling 70MPa hydrogen, the hydrogen storage mechanism 4 is a 45MPa low-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a 90MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. Assuming that the hydrogen temperature t0 in the bottle is 20°C, the hydrogen filling mechanism 6 is a 70MPa hydrogen filling machine. When the ratio of the number of normal temperature hydrogen pipelines to pre-cooled hydrogen pipelines is 5:2, as Figure 5 shown.

[0098] The temperature t of hydrogen after mixing is:

[0099]

[0100] The temperature t of the hydrogen after blending meets the 70MPa hydrogenation pre-cooling temperature of -40°C specified in the standard SAE J2601, and can be filled.

[0101] During refueling, the first shutoff valves 7, which are located on the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline and the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline in a 5:2 ratio, are opened. The shutoff valve on the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank is opened first. The hydrogen flowing out of the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank passes through selected pipelines in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a and the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b, is thoroughly mixed and evenly heated in the blending buffer mechanism 5, and then is charged into the hydrogenated object via the hydrogenation machine. When the pressure of the hydrogenated object reaches 35MPa, the shutoff valve on the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank is closed, and the shutoff valve on the 90MPa hydrogen storage tank is opened. The hydrogen flowing out of the 90MPa hydrogen storage tank passes through selected pipelines in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a and the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b, is thoroughly mixed and evenly heated in the blending buffer mechanism 5, and then is charged into the hydrogenated object via the hydrogenation machine. When the hydrogenated object reaches its rated pressure, all shutoff valves are closed, completing the hydrogenation process.

[0102] Example 6:

[0103] When filling 70MPa hydrogen, if the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42 cannot meet the high-pressure hydrogenation requirements, the compression mechanism 14 is activated to compress the hydrogen in the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank and then fill it into the 90MPa hydrogen storage tank. Figure 6 shown.

[0104] Taking liquid nitrogen as the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 as an example, when filling, open the shut-off valves on the room temperature hydrogen pipeline and the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline in a ratio of 5:2, open the shut-off valve on the boosting pipeline c, and open the shut-off valve on the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank. Part of the hydrogen flowing out of the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank passes through the boosting pipeline c, is pressurized in the compression mechanism 14, and then is filled into the high-pressure storage tank; the other part passes through the selected pipelines in the room temperature hydrogen pipeline group a and the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group b, is fully mixed and evenly heated in the mixing buffer mechanism 5, and then is filled into the hydrogenated object through the hydrogenator.

[0105] When the pressure of the hydrogenated object reaches 35MPa, the shutoff valve on the 45MPa hydrogen storage tank and the third shutoff valve 13 on the booster line c are closed, and the shutoff valve on the 90MPa hydrogen storage tank is opened. The hydrogen flowing out of the 90MPa hydrogen storage tank passes through selected pipelines in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group a and the pre-cooled hydrogen pipeline group b, is thoroughly mixed and evenly heated in the blending buffer mechanism 5, and then is charged into the hydrogenated object through the hydrogenator. When the hydrogenated object reaches its rated pressure, all shutoff valves are closed, completing the hydrogenation process. If there is no refueling demand, the booster line c can also be activated separately for gas replenishment.

[0106] Example 7:

[0107] When the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 is liquid nitrogen, the pressure of the pre-cooling tank 1 is maintained at 0.1 MPa and the temperature is maintained at the saturation temperature of liquid nitrogen -196 ° C. In this state, the density of liquid nitrogen ρ = 807 kg / m 3 , mass specific enthalpy h1 = -122.4 kJ / kg. Assuming that liquid nitrogen and hydrogen fully exchange heat during the pre-cooling process, the nitrogen temperature at the atmospheric outlet is 20°C and the pressure is 0.1 MPa. Under this state, the mass specific enthalpy h2 = 304 kJ / kg. The total cooling capacity that liquid nitrogen can provide during the entire process is Q = h2 - h1 = 426.4 kJ / kg.

[0108] Assume that the hydrogen in high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42 is at 90 MPa and 20°C. Under this condition, its mass specific enthalpy h3 = 4459.5 kJ / kg. Assume that the hydrogen in high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 42 is at 90 MPa and 20°C. Under this condition, its mass specific enthalpy h3 = 4459.5 kJ / kg. Assume that the hydrogen in low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 is at 45 MPa and 20°C. Under this condition, its mass specific enthalpy h6 = 1032.0 kJ / kg. Assume that the hydrogen in low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 is at 45 MPa and 20°C. Under this condition, its mass specific enthalpy h6 = 1032.0 kJ / kg. Assume that the hydrogen in low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 is at 45 MPa and 20°C. Under this condition, its mass specific enthalpy h6 = 1032.0 kJ / kg. Assume that the hydrogen in low-pressure hydrogen storage tank 41 is at 3091.6 kJ / kg.

[0109] Based on the above data, it can be calculated that for every 1kg of 90MPa hydrogen cooled to -196℃, the required liquid nitrogen mass m1 is:

[0110]

[0111] The required liquid nitrogen volume V1 is:

[0112]

[0113] Similarly, for every 1kg 45MPa hydrogen cooled to -196℃, the required liquid nitrogen mass m2 is

[0114]

[0115] The required liquid nitrogen volume V2 is:

[0116]

[0117] From this calculation, it can be seen that when the cooling medium in the pre-cooling tank 1 is liquid nitrogen, the volume of liquid nitrogen required to cool a unit mass of hydrogen is very small. Therefore, it is feasible to use liquid nitrogen as the cooling medium of the pre-cooling system.

[0118] The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen precooling system for a large flow hydrogenation system, characterized in that: It includes a normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group (a), a pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group (b), a pre-cooling tank (1), a hydrogen storage mechanism (4), a blending buffer mechanism (5), a hydrogenation mechanism (6) and a central processing unit; The room temperature hydrogen pipeline group (a) and the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group (b) are arranged in parallel, one end of the room temperature hydrogen pipeline group (a) is connected to the hydrogen storage mechanism (4), and the other end is connected to the mixing buffer mechanism (5); One end of the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group (b) is connected to the hydrogen storage mechanism (4), and the other end passes through the pre-cooling tank (1) and is connected to the mixing buffer mechanism (5). The pre-cooling tank (1) stores a cooling medium, which includes a solid low-temperature working medium, a liquid low-temperature working medium, or a liquid working medium that easily turns into gas after absorbing heat. The pre-cooling tank (1) is used for heat preservation treatment to completely cool the hydrogen passing through the pre-cooling tank (1) to the temperature of the low-temperature working medium. The hydrogenation mechanism (6) is connected in series with the blending buffer mechanism (5); The central processing unit is used to monitor the hydrogen temperature and pressure in the hydrogen storage mechanism (4), monitor the hydrogen temperature and flow in the pipeline, and control the connection or blocking between the hydrogen storage mechanism (4) and the pipeline, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the hydrogen precooling system; The normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group (a) includes a plurality of normal temperature hydrogen pipelines, and the precooling hydrogen pipeline group (b) includes a plurality of precooling hydrogen pipelines. The plurality of normal temperature hydrogen pipelines and precooling hydrogen pipelines are each provided with a first shutoff valve (7) and a temperature, pressure, and flow measurement unit (8). The first shutoff valve (7) and the temperature, pressure, and flow measurement unit (8) are communicatively connected to a central processing unit. A second shut-off valve (43) is provided on the outlet pipeline of the hydrogen storage mechanism (4); The hydrogen storage mechanism (4) comprises a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (41) and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (42); a pressurizing pipeline (c) is provided between the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (41) and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (42); and a third shutoff valve (13) and a compression mechanism (14) are provided on the pressurizing pipeline (c); The third shut-off valve (13) is in communication with the central processing unit; By controlling the first shut-off valve (7), the room temperature hydrogen and the pre-cooled hydrogen are mixed according to a set ratio. The precooling temperature of the final hydrogen filling is controlled by adjusting the number of pipelines in the precooling hydrogen pipeline group (b) and the number of pipelines in the normal temperature hydrogen pipeline group.

2. A hydrogen precooling system for a large flow hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the cooling medium is a solid or liquid cryogenic medium, the hydrogen precooling system further comprises a refrigeration mechanism (2), the refrigeration mechanism (2) being connected to the precooling tank (1) through a pipeline and being communicatively connected to the central processing unit, the refrigeration mechanism (2) being used to control the temperature of the solid or liquid cryogenic medium in the precooling tank (1) to a preset value.

3. A hydrogen precooling system for a large flow hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the cooling medium is a liquid working medium that easily turns into gas after absorbing heat, the hydrogen precooling system further includes a filling port (9), a liquid level gauge (10) and a low-temperature gas storage tank (3); The filling port (9) and the liquid level gauge (10) are both provided on the pre-cooling tank (1), the filling port (9) is used to replenish the liquid working medium, and the liquid level gauge (10) is connected to the central processing unit for communication and is used to monitor the cooling medium level in the pre-cooling tank (1); The low-temperature gas storage tank (3) is connected in series with the pre-cooling tank (1).

4. A hydrogen precooling system for a large flow hydrogenation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The low-temperature gas storage tank (3) is connected to the end of the exhaust pipeline of the pre-cooling tank (1); a first check valve (11) is provided on the exhaust pipeline; a second check valve (12) is provided on the low-temperature gas storage tank (3); and both the first check valve (11) and the second check valve (12) are communicatively connected to a central processing unit.

5. The hydrogen precooling system for a large flow hydrogenation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (41) and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (42) are both provided with a temperature and pressure measuring unit (44), and the temperature and pressure measuring unit (44) is communicatively connected to the central processing unit.

6. The hydrogen precooling system for a large flow hydrogenation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cryogenic gas storage tank (3) is provided with a pressure gauge, and the pressure gauge is used to monitor the pressure of the gas in the cryogenic gas storage tank (3).

7. The hydrogen precooling system for a large flow hydrogenation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refrigeration mechanism (2) is a low-temperature refrigerator or a cold energy utilization system that utilizes the cold energy of a low-temperature medium.

8. A method for operating a hydrogen precooling system for a large flow hydrogenation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The operation method includes: Low-pressure hydrogenation mode: Based on the measured hydrogen temperature in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (41) and the hydrogen pre-cooling temperature range required by the hydrogenation object, the ratio of room-temperature hydrogen to pre-cooled hydrogen is calculated, the second shut-off valve of the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (41) is opened, a certain number of first shut-off valves in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group (a) are opened, and a certain number of first shut-off valves in the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group (b) are opened, so that the hydrogen flowing out of the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (41) is fully mixed and evenly heated in the mixing buffer mechanism (5) and then charged into the hydrogenation object through the hydrogenation mechanism (6); High-pressure hydrogenation mode: Based on the measured hydrogen temperature in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (42) and the hydrogen pre-cooling temperature range required by the hydrogenation object, the ratio of room-temperature hydrogen to pre-cooled hydrogen is calculated, the second shut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (42) is opened, a certain number of first shut-off valves in the room-temperature hydrogen pipeline group (a) are opened, and a certain number of first shut-off valves in the pre-cooling hydrogen pipeline group (b) are opened, so that the hydrogen flowing out of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (42) is fully mixed and evenly heated in the mixing buffer mechanism (5) and then charged into the hydrogenation object through the hydrogenation mechanism (6); Compression mechanism hydrogenation mode: Based on the measured hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (42), when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (42) cannot meet the high-pressure hydrogenation demand, the third shut-off valve (13) is opened, the compression mechanism (14) is started, and the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (41) is compressed and then filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (42). After the gas replenishment is completed, subsequent hydrogen filling is carried out according to the process of the high-pressure hydrogenation mode.

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