A variable angle solar panel heating test system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a variable angle solar panel heating test system, which relates to the field of fire safety technology, including a sample loading and observation mechanism, a fire performance analysis mechanism and a radiation heating mechanism; the sample loading and observation mechanism is used to fix samples of different sizes, adjust the height and angle of the samples, and observe and measure sample data; the fire performance analysis mechanism is located above the sample loading and observation mechanism, and is used to collect and analyze the smoke and mass loss generated by the heated samples, and output key fire parameters; the radiation heating mechanism is located in front of the sample loading and observation mechanism, and is used to provide a real-time heat source to the sample. The present invention can test the changes in the fire performance of the sample under the action of uniform and non-uniform external heat sources in real time, can conveniently switch the heating angle, heating area, sample size and thickness, and synchronously observe the crack diffusion process, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fire safety technology, and in particular to a variable-angle solar panel heating test system and method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the economy and society, non-renewable energy such as coal, oil, and natural gas is constantly decreasing. Based on the severe energy form, countries around the world are actively developing a variety of renewable energy sources to supplement the shortage of primary energy. Among them, solar energy plays an important role in the energy revolution due to its low cost and renewable energy potential. However, if the global electricity demand is met only by installing photovoltaic systems, then the equivalent of 0.3% of the world's land area will be required. Therefore, the implementation of photovoltaic technology in buildings is an effective way to transform the passive area of ​​props into an active part with dual functions. Photovoltaic curtain walls, as an innovative building material that integrates power generation, beauty, and energy saving, are gradually occupying an important position in modern architectural design. Photovoltaic curtain walls can not only effectively utilize solar energy resources and reduce energy consumption, but also combine with architectural aesthetics to achieve the dual value of functionality and beauty, and create a building appearance with power generation capabilities. However, with the rapid growth of photovoltaic installations on buildings, photovoltaic systems also have potential risks, especially the risk of fire increases with the increase in the number of photovoltaic systems.

[0003] In a fire environment, solar panels must not only withstand the thermal effects of high temperatures, but also the mechanical stress caused by structural deformation and load changes. This thermomechanical coupling effect may cause the glass in the solar panel to crack, fall off or break, seriously affecting the structural integrity and safety of the material. Due to glass cracks, the combustible materials of the photovoltaic panel, including EVA and TPT, will directly receive fire radiation and obtain oxygen, causing the exposed parts of the photovoltaic front to become large combustible surfaces, similar to insulation material fires. The structural integrity of solar panels is critical. The appearance and expansion of cracks are key factors in evaluating the performance of materials under high temperatures and mechanical stress. Cracks not only weaken the structural strength of the material, but also may become a channel for the spread of fire. At present, there is a clear research gap in the performance changes and safety assessment of solar panels under fire. Existing test methods or devices often use flames to directly heat solar panels, ignoring the influence of uniform and non-uniform heat sources. This uncontrollable and non-uniform heat source often makes it difficult to quantify the test results and difficult to analyze.

[0004] In actual projects, photovoltaic systems are often installed at tilted angles to optimize power generation efficiency, such as photovoltaic curtain walls and roofs. When a fire occurs, due to the uncertainty of the angle, photovoltaic panels will heat at different angles, greatly exacerbating the fire risk. As mentioned above, most conclusions tend to focus on the quantitative relationship between the fire size (i.e., the fire heat release rate, HRR) and the radiant heat flux of the roof surface flame. Few people pay attention to the effect of the tilt angle of solar panels on their behavior under fire conditions and the fire hazard of building photovoltaic facades.

[0005] In addition, there are many types of solar panels available, and the sizes and thicknesses of widely used crystalline silicon solar panels and emerging thin-film solar panels are often different. Existing solar panel heating test equipment often focuses on solar panels of a single size and thickness, ignoring the impact of different types of solar panels, and cannot adapt to different solar panel sizes.

[0006] In summary, for solar panels widely used in modern engineering structures, such as crystalline silicon solar panels and thin-film solar panels, fire performance evaluation under fire conditions is crucial. Developing a comprehensive heating test system that can comprehensively consider controllable uniform and uneven heat flows, and can change the angle of the solar panel and adapt its size is of great significance for improving the safety of various solar panels and optimizing their application in engineering design. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a variable angle solar panel heating test system and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, and specifically discloses the following contents:

[0008] A variable angle solar panel heating test system includes a sample loading and observation mechanism, a fire performance analysis mechanism, and a radiation heating mechanism;

[0009] The sample loading and observation mechanism is used to fix samples of different sizes, adjust the height and angle of the samples, and observe and measure sample data;

[0010] The fire performance analysis mechanism is located above the sample loading and observation mechanism, and is used to collect and analyze the smoke and mass loss generated by the heated sample, and output key fire parameters;

[0011] The radiation heating mechanism is located in front of the sample loading and observation mechanism, and is used to provide a real-time heat source to the sample.

[0012] Furthermore, the sample loading and observation mechanism includes a supporting assembly and a sample loading assembly, the supporting assembly includes a balance, a bracket is fixedly installed on the top of the balance, sliders are slidably arranged on both sides of the bracket, the sample loading assembly is connected between the two sliders, and a first fastening knob is arranged on the slider for fixing the position of the slider.

[0013] Furthermore, a supporting column is provided at the bottom of the balance.

[0014] Further, the sample loading assembly includes a sample clamp and two telescopic rods, the sample clamp includes a clamp fixing plate and a clamp moving plate, the top wall and the bottom wall of the clamp fixing plate and the clamp moving plate are both provided with fastening adjustment members for adjusting the distance between the clamp fixing plate and the clamp moving plate to adapt to samples of different thicknesses;

[0015] A rotating seat is fixedly provided on both sides of the clamp fixing plate, the telescopic end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the slider through a connecting seat, a second fastening knob is provided on the connecting seat for fixing the length of the telescopic rod, the fixed end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the rotating seat, a third fastening knob is provided on the rotating seat for fixing the rotation angle of the clamp fixing plate, and the fixed end of the telescopic rod is detachably connected to the rotating seat.

[0016] Furthermore, the sample loading and observation mechanism also includes a sample observation component, which includes a first camera, a second camera, a first heat flux meter and a second heat flux meter, the first camera is fixedly arranged at the rear of the sample fixture by a fixing frame, the second camera is fixedly arranged at a side of the sample fixture by a fixing frame, the first heat flux meter is fixedly arranged above one side of the sample fixture by a fixing frame, and the second heat flux meter is fixedly arranged below one side of the sample fixture by a fixing frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the fire performance analysis mechanism includes a smoke hood arranged above the sample loading and observation mechanism, the smoke inlet end of the smoke hood faces the sample loading and observation mechanism, the smoke outlet end of the smoke hood is connected to a gas analyzer through a pipeline, the gas analyzer is electrically connected to an analysis computer, and the pipeline between the smoke hood and the gas analyzer is provided with a fan.

[0018] Furthermore, the radiation heating mechanism includes a radiation heating control cabinet arranged in front of the sample loading and observation mechanism, a radiation heater is fixedly installed on the side of the radiation heating control cabinet close to the sample loading and observation mechanism through a connecting piece, an igniter is fixedly arranged on one side of the radiation heater, the radiation heating control cabinet is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected to a gas bottle through a pressure reducing valve, the radiation heating control cabinet is provided with an air outlet on the side close to the radiation heater, and a radiation heating control component is provided in the radiation heating control cabinet, which is used to adjust the gas flow rate of the air outlet and the heating area of ​​the radiation heater.

[0019] Furthermore, the radiation heating mechanism also includes a radiation baffle and a slide rail, the slide rail is arranged on the ground between the sample loading and observation mechanism and the radiation heater, and a pulley adapted to the slide rail is provided at the bottom of the radiation baffle. The radiation baffle is used to shield the radiation heater to prevent the sample from being affected by heat flow before the heating test.

[0020] Furthermore, movable wheels are provided at the bottom of the radiation heating control cabinet.

[0021] A variable angle solar panel heating test method is implemented using any of the variable angle solar panel heating test systems described above, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Turn on the fan, gas analyzer and analysis computer of the fire performance analysis mechanism, and calibrate the gas analyzer with nitrogen and standard gas;

[0023] S2. Select the corresponding sample fixture according to the sample size, and adjust the heating area of ​​the radiation heater through the radiation heating control component;

[0024] S3, placing the sample between the fixture fixed plate and the fixture movable plate, and fixing it by tightening the adjustment piece;

[0025] S4, rotating the fixture fixing plate, adjusting the angle between the sample and the radiation heater, and fixing it with the third tightening knob to control the radiation uniformity;

[0026] S5, calibrating the balance, the first heat flow meter, and the second heat flow meter, and adjusting the first camera and the second camera to focus on the sample;

[0027] S6. Regulating the gas flow rate at the air outlet through the radiation heating control component to set the temperature of the radiation heater;

[0028] S7, placing the radiation baffle between the sample and the radiation heater to prevent the sample to be tested from being subjected to heat flow before the experiment begins, and then turning on the radiation heater and the igniter to heat the sample to a set temperature;

[0029] S8. Remove the radiation baffle and conduct a heating experiment on the sample using a radiation heater. After the experiment, the analysis computer outputs real-time fire parameters (total combustion heat release, combustion heat release rate, and ignition time), and obtains the crack development of the radiation surface of the sample, the structural failure mode, and the structural failure time through the image data of the first camera and the second camera;

[0030] S9, turn off the radiation heater, and when the temperature drops to room temperature, unload and take out the sample;

[0031] S10. Repeat steps S2 to S9 to study the key fire parameters (total combustion heat release, combustion heat release rate and ignition time) and the crack development law on the heated surface of different samples (size and thickness) under different radiation conditions (radiation intensity, radiation uniformity, radiation heating area) and different working conditions (front, back and tilt angle).

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. The present invention adopts a radiation heater as an external heat source, which ensures the uniformity of heat flow on the one hand, and on the other hand, the heating area of ​​the radiation heater can be adjusted by the radiation heating control component, so that heating tests on samples of different sizes can be easily realized;

[0034] 2. In the present invention, by rotating the fixture fixing plate, adjusting the angle between the sample and the radiation heater, and fixing it through the third fastening knob, the uniform heat flow boundary condition of the material and the controllable non-uniform heat flow boundary condition can be achieved, which can better simulate the actual application scenario of the solar panel. The test conditions include: uniform radiation loading test on the front side of the sample, uniform radiation loading test on the back side of the sample, non-uniform radiation loading test on the front side of the sample, and non-uniform radiation loading test on the back side of the sample; the problem of uncontrollable non-uniform heat flow in the existing solar panel heating test system is overcome;

[0035] 3. In the present invention, the distance between the fixture fixing plate and the fixture moving plate can be adjusted to meet the testing of samples of different thicknesses; the telescopic rod and the rotating seat are detachably connected, and the sample fixture can be easily replaced to test samples of different sizes;

[0036] 4. The present invention overcomes the lack of measurement of the combustion performance of solar panels under heating and the lack of measurement conditions for uneven radiation heat flux boundary conditions in the prior art. It can more accurately grasp the real-time dynamic changes in the fire performance of the sample, and through observation and analysis of surface cracks, obtain the crack evolution law of the material under heating, revealing the influence of sample surface cracks on the combustion performance of the material under heating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a variable angle solar panel heating test system of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sample loading and observation mechanism in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sample loading component in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a side view of the radiation heating mechanism in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the use status of the radiation baffle in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of uniform heating test on samples.

[0044] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of uniform heating test for samples of different thicknesses.

[0045] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of non-uniform heating test on samples.

[0046] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of non-uniform heating test on samples of different sizes.

[0047] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of non-uniform heating test on samples at different heights.

[0048] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of a variable angle solar panel heating test system of the present invention.

[0049] Among them, in the figure:

[0050] 1-support assembly; 11-balance; 12-support column; 13-bracket; 14-slider; 141-first fastening knob; 2-sample loading assembly; 21-telescopic rod; 22-connecting seat; 221-second fastening knob; 23-rotating seat; 231-third fastening knob; 24-clamp fixing plate; 25-clamp moving plate; 26-fastening adjustment member; 27-sample; 3-sample observation assembly; 31-first camera; 32-second camera; 33-first heat flux meter; 34-second heat flux meter; 4-smoke hood; 51-radiation heating control cabinet; 511-moving wheel; 52-pressure reducing valve; 53-gas cylinder; 54-connecting piece; 55-radiation heater; 551-igniter; 61-radiation baffle; 611-pulley; 62-slide rail; 63-mechanical arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or components is not necessarily limited to those steps or components that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or components that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0053] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0054] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "connected", and "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] See attached Figure 1-11 , the present invention discloses a variable angle solar panel heating test system, including a sample loading and observation mechanism, a fire performance analysis mechanism and a radiation heating mechanism;

[0058] The sample loading and observation mechanism is used to fix samples 27 of different sizes, adjust the height and angle of the samples 27, and observe and measure the data of the samples 27;

[0059] The fire performance analysis mechanism is located above the sample loading and observation mechanism, and is used to collect and analyze the smoke and mass loss generated by the heated sample 27, and output key fire parameters (including total combustion heat release, combustion heat release rate and ignition time);

[0060] The radiation heating mechanism is located in front of the sample loading and observation mechanism, and is used to provide a real-time heat source to the sample 27.

[0061] In this embodiment, the sample is a solar panel.

[0062] The sample loading and observation mechanism includes a supporting assembly 1 and a sample loading assembly 2. The supporting assembly 1 includes a balance 11. A bracket 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the balance 11. Sliders 14 are slidably arranged on both sides of the bracket 13. The sample loading assembly 2 is connected between the two slides 14. A first tightening knob 141 is arranged on the slide 14 for fixing the position of the slide 14.

[0063] In this embodiment, the position of the slider 14 on the bracket 13 is moved to adjust the height of the sample loading assembly 2, and the adjustment range is between 20-120 cm.

[0064] A supporting column 12 is provided at the bottom of the balance 11 .

[0065] In this embodiment, the balance 11 is used to measure the mass change of the sample 27 .

[0066] The sample loading assembly 2 includes a sample clamp and two telescopic rods 21. The sample clamp includes a clamp fixing plate 24 and a clamp moving plate 25. The top wall and the bottom wall of the clamp fixing plate 24 and the clamp moving plate 25 are both provided with a fastening adjustment member 26 for adjusting the distance between the clamp fixing plate 24 and the clamp moving plate 25 to adapt to samples 27 of different thicknesses.

[0067] A rotating seat 23 is fixedly provided on both sides of the clamp fixing plate 24. The telescopic end of the telescopic rod 21 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the slider 14 through the connecting seat 22. The connecting seat 22 is provided with a second fastening knob 221 for fixing the length of the telescopic rod 21. The fixed end of the telescopic rod 21 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 23. The rotating seat 23 is provided with a third fastening knob 231 for fixing the rotation angle of the clamp fixing plate 24. The fixed end of the telescopic rod 21 is detachably connected to the rotating seat 23.

[0068] In this embodiment, the fixed end of the telescopic rod 21 is detachably connected to the rotating seat 23, which can conveniently replace the sample clamp to achieve the fixation of samples 27 of different sizes. The length of the telescopic rod 21 is used to adapt to sample clamps of different sizes. The maximum sample length that can be accommodated is 60 cm and the width is 60 cm.

[0069] In the embodiment, the angle of the sample 27 is adjusted by rotating the clamp fixing plate 24 to achieve a 360° rotation of the sample, thereby achieving controllable uniform heat flow boundary conditions and non-uniform heat flow boundary conditions, better simulating the actual application scenarios of solar panels, and corresponding to different angles of the sample 27 under curtain wall and roof installation; in this embodiment, the non-uniform heat flow boundary conditions include two types: larger heat flow at the top - smaller heat flow at the bottom and larger heat flow at the bottom - smaller heat flow at the top, and the ratio of the top heat flow to the bottom heat flow can be determined by the angle and distance between the sample 27 and the radiation heating mechanism.

[0070] The sample loading and observation mechanism also includes a sample observation component 3, which includes a first camera 31, a second camera 32, a first heat flux meter 33 and a second heat flux meter 34. The first camera 31 is fixedly arranged at the rear of the sample fixture by a fixing frame, the second camera 32 is fixedly arranged at a side of the sample fixture by a fixing frame, the first heat flux meter 33 is fixedly arranged above one side of the sample fixture by a fixing frame, and the second heat flux meter 34 is fixedly arranged below one side of the sample fixture by a fixing frame.

[0071] In this embodiment, the first camera 31 and the second camera 32 can photograph the heated surface and back side of the heated sample 27, and can obtain the real-time radiation surface crack development of the sample 27 during the test through simple image processing, and record the ignition time, failure mode and crack of the sample 27; the first heat flux meter 33 and the second heat flux meter 34 are used to measure the heat flux changes of the sample 27. In this embodiment, the fixing frame only plays a fixing role and is not shown in the figure.

[0072] The fire performance analysis mechanism includes a smoke hood 4 arranged above the sample loading and observation mechanism, the smoke inlet end of the smoke hood 4 faces the sample loading and observation mechanism, the smoke outlet end of the smoke hood 4 is connected to a gas analyzer through a pipeline, the gas analyzer is electrically connected to an analysis computer, and a fan is arranged on the pipeline between the smoke hood 4 and the gas analyzer.

[0073] In this embodiment, the gas analyzer can measure the concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide in the flue gas generated by the heating of the sample 27, and the gas analyzer, fan, and analysis computer are all existing technologies, which are not shown in the figure and will not be described here.

[0074] The radiation heating mechanism includes a radiation heating control cabinet 51 arranged in front of the sample loading and observation mechanism. A radiation heater 55 is fixedly installed on the side of the radiation heating control cabinet 51 close to the sample loading and observation mechanism through a connecting piece 54. An igniter 551 is fixedly arranged on one side of the radiation heater 55. The radiation heating control cabinet 51 is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected to a gas bottle 53 through a pressure reducing valve 52. An air outlet is provided on the side of the radiation heating control cabinet 51 close to the radiation heater 55. A radiation heating control component is provided in the radiation heating control cabinet 51 for adjusting the gas flow rate of the air outlet and the heating area of ​​the radiation heater 55.

[0075] In this embodiment, the radiation heater 55 consists of four independent 30×30 cm 2 Heating plate composition, total area 60×60cm 2 By controlling the gas flow rate, the temperature of the radiation heater 55 can be controlled to be 0-800°C, and the specific heating area of ​​the radiation heater 55 can be adjusted to 30×30cm 2 , 30×60cm 2 , 60×30cm 2 , 60×60cm 2 At the same time, radiation heaters 55 of different sizes can be customized to meet the testing requirements of samples 27 of different special specifications.

[0076] The radiation heating mechanism also includes a radiation baffle 61 and a slide rail 62. The slide rail 62 is arranged on the ground between the sample loading and observation mechanism and the radiation heater 55. A pulley 611 adapted to the slide rail 62 is provided at the bottom of the radiation baffle 61. The radiation baffle 61 is used to shield the radiation heater 55 to prevent the sample 27 from being affected by heat flow before the heating test.

[0077] In this embodiment, a mechanical arm 63 clamps one side of the radiation shield 61 , and is used to drive a pulley 611 of the radiation shield 61 to move on the slide rail 62 .

[0078] A moving wheel 511 is provided at the bottom of the radiation heating control cabinet 51 , and the distance between the radiation plate heater 55 and the sample 27 can be adjusted by moving the radiation heating control cabinet 51 to meet the heating intensity and the observation range.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] A variable angle solar panel heating test method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0081] S1. Turn on the fan, gas analyzer and analysis computer of the fire performance analysis mechanism, and calibrate the gas analyzer with nitrogen and standard gas;

[0082] S2, selecting a corresponding sample fixture according to the size of the sample 27, and adjusting the heating area of ​​the radiation heater 55 through the radiation heating control component;

[0083] S3, placing the sample 27 between the fixture fixing plate 24 and the fixture moving plate 25, and fixing it by tightening the adjusting member 26;

[0084] S4, rotating the fixture fixing plate 24, adjusting the angle between the sample 27 and the radiation heater 55, and fixing it by the third tightening knob 231, so as to control the radiation uniformity;

[0085] S5, calibrating the balance 11, the first heat flow meter 33 and the second heat flow meter 34, and adjusting the first camera 31 and the second camera 32 to focus on the sample 27;

[0086] S6, adjusting the gas flow rate of the air outlet through the radiation heating control component to set the temperature of the radiation heater 55;

[0087] S7, placing the radiation baffle 61 between the sample 27 and the radiation heater 55 to prevent the sample 27 from being subjected to heat flow before the experiment begins, and then turning on the radiation heater 55 and the igniter 551 to heat them to the set temperature;

[0088] S8, remove the radiation baffle 61, and perform a heating experiment on the sample 27 through the radiation heater 55. After the experiment, the analysis computer outputs the real-time fire parameters of total combustion heat release, combustion heat release rate and ignition time, and obtains the development of cracks on the radiation surface of the sample 27, the structural failure mode and the structural failure time through the image data of the first camera 31 and the second camera 32;

[0089] S9, turn off the radiation heater 55, and when the temperature drops to room temperature, unload and take out the sample 27;

[0090] S10. Repeat steps S2 to S9 to conduct the radiation intensity, radiation uniformity, radiation heating area, and key fire parameters such as total combustion heat release, combustion heat release rate, ignition time, and crack development law of the heated surface for samples 27 of different sizes and thicknesses under different radiation conditions, front, back, and tilt angles.

[0091] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A variable angle solar panel heating test system, characterized in that: It includes a sample loading and observation mechanism, a fire performance analysis mechanism, and a radiation heating mechanism; The sample loading and observation mechanism is used to fix samples (27) of different sizes, adjust the height and angle of the samples (27), and observe and measure data of the samples (27); The fire performance analysis mechanism is located above the sample loading and observation mechanism, and is used to collect and analyze the smoke and mass loss generated by the heated sample (27), and output key fire parameters; The radiation heating mechanism is located in front of the sample loading and observation mechanism and is used to provide a real-time heat source to the sample (27); The sample loading and observation mechanism comprises a support assembly (1) and a sample loading assembly (2), wherein the support assembly (1) comprises a balance (11), a bracket (13) is fixedly mounted on the top of the balance (11), sliders (14) are slidably arranged on both sides of the bracket (13), the sample loading assembly (2) is connected between the two sliders (14), and a first tightening knob (141) is arranged on the slider (14) for fixing the position of the slider (14); The radiation heating mechanism comprises a radiation heating control cabinet (51) arranged in front of the sample loading and observation mechanism; a radiation heater (55) is fixedly mounted on a side of the radiation heating control cabinet (51) close to the sample loading and observation mechanism via a connecting piece (54); an igniter (551) is fixedly arranged on one side of the radiation heater (55); the radiation heating control cabinet (51) is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected to a gas bottle (53) via a pressure reducing valve (52); an air outlet is arranged on a side of the radiation heating control cabinet (51) close to the radiation heater (55); a radiation heating control component is arranged in the radiation heating control cabinet (51) for adjusting the gas flow rate at the air outlet and the heating area of ​​the radiation heater (55); The sample loading assembly (2) comprises a sample clamp and two telescopic rods (21), wherein the sample clamp comprises a clamp fixing plate (24) and a clamp moving plate (25), and the top wall and the bottom wall of the clamp fixing plate (24) and the clamp moving plate (25) are both provided with fastening adjustment members (26) for adjusting the distance between the clamp fixing plate (24) and the clamp moving plate (25) to adapt to samples (27) of different thicknesses; rotating seats (23) are fixedly provided on both sides of the clamp fixing plate (24). The telescopic end of the telescopic rod (21) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the slider (14) via a connecting seat (22); a second fastening knob (221) is provided on the connecting seat (22) for fixing the length of the telescopic rod (21); the fixed end of the telescopic rod (21) is rotatably connected to the rotating seat (23); a third fastening knob (231) is provided on the rotating seat (23) for fixing the rotation angle of the clamp fixing plate (24); and the fixed end of the telescopic rod (21) is detachably connected to the rotating seat (23).

2. A variable angle solar panel heating test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support column (12) is provided at the bottom of the balance (11).

3. The variable angle solar panel heating test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample loading and observation mechanism also includes a sample observation component (3), and the sample observation component (3) includes a first camera (31), a second camera (32), a first heat flux meter (33) and a second heat flux meter (34), wherein the first camera (31) is fixedly arranged at the rear of the sample fixture via a fixing frame, the second camera (32) is fixedly arranged at one side of the sample fixture via a fixing frame, the first heat flux meter (33) is fixedly arranged above one side of the sample fixture via a fixing frame, and the second heat flux meter (34) is fixedly arranged below one side of the sample fixture via a fixing frame.

4. The variable angle solar panel heating test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire performance analysis mechanism comprises a smoke hood (4) arranged above the sample loading and observation mechanism, the smoke inlet end of the smoke hood (4) faces the sample loading and observation mechanism, the smoke outlet end of the smoke hood (4) is connected to a gas analyzer via a pipeline, the gas analyzer is electrically connected to an analysis computer, and a fan is provided on the pipeline between the smoke hood (4) and the gas analyzer.

5. A variable angle solar panel heating test system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The radiation heating mechanism further comprises a radiation baffle (61) and a slide rail (62); the slide rail (62) is arranged on the ground between the sample loading and observation mechanism and the radiation heater (55); a pulley (611) adapted to the slide rail (62) is provided at the bottom of the radiation baffle (61); the radiation baffle (61) is used to shield the radiation heater (55) to prevent the sample (27) from being subjected to heat flow before the heating test.

6. The variable angle solar panel heating test system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the radiation heating control cabinet (51) is provided with moving wheels (511).

7. A variable angle solar panel heating test method, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using a variable angle solar panel heating test system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Turn on the fan, gas analyzer and analysis computer of the fire performance analysis mechanism, and calibrate the gas analyzer with nitrogen and standard gas; S2, selecting a corresponding sample fixture according to the size of the sample (27), and adjusting the heating area of ​​the radiation heater (55) through the radiation heating control component; S3, placing the sample (27) between the fixture fixing plate (24) and the fixture moving plate (25), and fixing it by tightening the adjustment member (26); S4, rotating the fixture fixing plate (24), adjusting the angle between the sample (27) and the radiation heater (55), and fixing it by a third tightening knob (231), thereby controlling the radiation uniformity; S5, calibrating the balance (11), the first heat flow meter (33), and the second heat flow meter (34), and adjusting the first camera (31) and the second camera (32) to focus on the sample (27); S6, adjusting the gas flow rate at the air outlet through the radiation heating control component to set the temperature of the radiation heater (55); S7, placing the radiation baffle (61) between the sample (27) and the radiation heater (55) to prevent the sample (27) from being subjected to heat flow before the experiment begins, and then turning on the radiation heater (55) and the igniter (551) to raise the temperature to a set temperature; S8, removing the radiation baffle (61), and performing a heating experiment on the sample (27) using the radiation heater (55). After the experiment, the analysis computer outputs real-time fire parameters, and obtains the development of cracks on the radiation surface of the sample (27), the structural failure mode, and the structural failure time through the image data of the first camera (31) and the second camera (32); S9, turning off the radiation heater (55), and when the temperature drops to room temperature, unloading and removing the sample (27); S10. Repeat steps S2 to S9 to analyze the key fire parameters and crack development laws of the heated surfaces of different samples (27) under different radiation conditions and different working conditions.

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