Water-soluble fertilizer and application thereof in whole growth period of corn

Abstract

The invention provides a water-soluble fertilizer and application thereof in the whole growth period of corn, and belongs to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizer development. The water-soluble fertilizer is successfully prepared by taking the corn steep liquor fermentation liquor as a substrate and combining urea phosphate, mineral source potassium fulvate, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and borax according to a specific proportion, the growth requirement of corn can be met, and the quality of the corn is greatly improved on the basis. The water-soluble fertilizer provided by the invention is suitable for being applied in the whole growth period of corn, can effectively improve the corn yield and the crop quality, can be used in various modes such as flushing application, spraying application, drip irrigation or soilless culture, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizer development, and in particular to a water-soluble fertilizer and application thereof in the whole growth period of corn. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of agricultural industrialization and intensification, the reliance on water-saving irrigation projects has continued to increase. Traditional superphosphate and granulated compound fertilizers can no longer meet the requirements of efficient water-saving irrigation. Compared with traditional fertilizers, water-soluble fertilizers, as a new type of fertilizer, can achieve free nutrient matching, high fertilizer utilization rate, economical and convenient application. While saving irrigation water, it effectively improves labor production efficiency and fertilizer utilization efficiency. At present, there are different varieties of water-soluble fertilizers on the market, and the fertilizer effects of different varieties vary greatly.

[0003] Maize (scientific name: Zeamays L.) is a plant of the Poaceae family and the genus Zea, commonly known as corn. Genetically modified corn: sweet and crisp. Maize is an annual tall herb. The stalk is erect, usually unbranched, 1-4 meters high. The leaf sheath has transverse veins; the ligule is membranous, about 2 mm long; the leaves are flat and wide. The terminal male panicle is large, and the male spikelets are twinned, up to 1 cm long. The caryopsis is spherical or oblate, generally 5-10 mm long. The flowering and fruiting period is autumn. Maize is native to Central and South America. It is widely cultivated in tropical and temperate regions around the world. It has high nutritional value and is an excellent food crop; it is also one of the indispensable raw materials for food, medical and health care, light industry, chemical industry, etc.

[0004] Chinese patent CN108329109A discloses a coated slow-release base fertilizer for improving corn yield and its preparation method. The raw materials of the coated slow-release fertilizer include: pig manure, carbonized rice husk, volcanic ash, weathered coal, cake fertilizer, ammonium sulfate nitrate, calcium nitrate, rare earth phosphate fertilizer, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, manganese sulfate, cerium nitrate, ammonium molybdate, biogas slurry, xylitol residue, citric acid, tartaric acid, attapulgite, vermiculite powder, plant growth regulator, and coating agent. The coated slow-release base fertilizer has reasonable components, its nutrient supply is consistent with the fertilizer requirement of corn in each growth period, the fertilizer utilization rate is high and the slow-release effect is good, no topdressing is required in the later stage, and the corn yield is increased while the corn quality is improved.

[0005] Chinese patent CN107043299A discloses an ammonium nitrogen hydroponic nutrient solution for corn during its entire growth period and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of soilless cultivation. The ammonium nitrogen hydroponic nutrient solution for corn during its entire growth period contains, per ton of the nutrient solution, 60-70g of ammonium sulfate, 50-60g of calcium chloride, 130-140g of potassium sulfate, 160-170g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5-10g of potassium sulfate, 30-40g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.5g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.1-0.5g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.01-0.05g of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 0.001-0.01g of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 0.01-0.1g of boric acid, 20-30g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and 30-40g of sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and the solvent is water. The ammonium nitrogen hydroponic nutrient solution for corn during the entire growth period of the invention is nutritionally balanced, the proportions of various elements in the nutrient solution are kept balanced within a certain range over a long period of time, and the pH changes stably; it meets the nutritional needs of corn plant growth, while reducing the application amount of nutrient elements, solving the long-standing problem of the lack of targeted nutrient solutions for corn plants in experiments and frequent excess nutrition.

[0006] Currently, the existing technology still lacks water-soluble fertilizers that can effectively increase the yield and are suitable for application during the entire growth period of corn. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-soluble fertilizer which can effectively increase corn yield and is suitable for application during the whole growth period of corn.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a water-soluble fertilizer, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0010] 300-500 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 20-40 parts of urea, 8-12 parts of urea phosphate, 8-12 parts of mineral potassium humate, 13-18 parts of potassium nitrate, 18-22 parts of potassium sulfate, 13-18 parts of zinc sulfate, 3-8 parts of calcium nitrate, 8-12 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-8 parts of copper sulfate, 8-12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 3-8 parts of borax.

[0011] Preferably, the following components are included in parts by weight:

[0012] 50 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of cupric sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0013] Preferably, the corn steep liquor is obtained by a preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0014] The corn steep liquor is mixed with a fermentation bacterial agent and fermented to obtain a corn steep liquor.

[0015] Preferably, the fermentation bacteria agent contains Bacillus megaterium.

[0016] Preferably, the viable bacterial concentration of the Bacillus megaterium is 10 8 ~10 10 CFU / mL.

[0017] Preferably, the inoculation amount of the fermentation bacteria agent is 0.5-3%.

[0018] Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 32-38°C;

[0019] The fermentation time is 12 to 24 hours.

[0020] The present invention also provides application of the water-soluble fertilizer in the whole growth period of corn.

[0021] Preferably, the application method of the water-soluble fertilizer includes flushing, spraying, drip irrigation or soilless culture.

[0022] Preferably, the water-soluble fertilizer is applied at a dilution multiple of 200 to 1000 times;

[0023] The application amount of the water-soluble fertilizer is 5-15 L / m 2 .

[0024] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0025] The present invention uses corn steep liquor as a base, combines a specific proportion of urea phosphate, mineral potassium humate, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and borax, and successfully prepares a water-soluble fertilizer. The water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention is suitable for application during the entire growth period of corn, can effectively improve corn yield and crop quality, and can be used in a variety of ways such as flushing, spraying, drip irrigation or soilless cultivation, and has a wide range of application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention provides a water-soluble fertilizer, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0027] 300-500 parts of corn steep liquor, 20-40 parts of urea, 8-12 parts of urea phosphate, 8-12 parts of mineral potassium humate, 13-18 parts of potassium nitrate, 18-22 parts of potassium sulfate, 13-18 parts of zinc sulfate, 3-8 parts of calcium nitrate, 8-12 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-8 parts of copper sulfate, 8-12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 3-8 parts of borax. More preferably, the composition comprises 50 parts of corn steep liquor, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of copper sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0028] In the present invention, the corn steep liquor is preferably obtained by a preparation method comprising the following steps: mixing corn steep liquor with a fermentation agent, and fermenting to obtain corn steep liquor; the fermentation agent preferably contains Bacillus megaterium, and more preferably contains only one strain of Bacillus megaterium; the live bacteria concentration of the Bacillus megaterium is preferably 10 8 ~10 10 CFU / mL; the inoculation amount of the fermentation agent is preferably 0.5-3%; the fermentation temperature is preferably 32-38°C; and the fermentation time is preferably 12-24h.

[0029] In the present invention, in addition to the components described in the present invention, other synergists may be added to the water-soluble fertilizer as appropriate, mainly organic acids, amines, and polysaccharides. The effects of these synergists are mainly in the following aspects: 1. Chelating ions: Organic acid synergists can chelate anions and cations in fertilizers, making them easier to be absorbed and utilized by plants when reacting with water ions, thereby improving fertilizer utilization. 2. Maintaining acid-base balance: The pH value in water-soluble fertilizers is critical to the growth of crops. Amine synergists can adjust the acidity and alkalinity of fertilizer aqueous solutions and maintain a suitable pH value. 3. Promoting plant growth: Polysaccharide synergists can promote the growth and development of plants, enhance their absorption and utilization of fertilizers, and improve crop quality and yield. When adding water-soluble fertilizer synergists, the following factors need to be considered: 1. The type and composition of the fertilizer: Different types of water-soluble fertilizers require different synergists to achieve the best synergistic effect. 2. Crop needs: Some enhancers have specific growth-promoting effects and should be selected according to crop needs. 3. Production and use costs: The selection of enhancers also needs to consider cost factors and should be comprehensively considered according to specific circumstances. Taking the above factors into consideration, choosing a suitable enhancer can improve the utilization efficiency of water-soluble fertilizers and crop yields. When using enhancers for water-soluble fertilizers, the following matters need to be noted: 1. Do not exceed the standard: Excessive use of enhancers will lead to waste of nutrients and excessive soil load, thereby affecting the ecological environment. 2. Scientific proportioning is required: The type and amount of enhancers used need to be scientifically proportioned according to specific circumstances to achieve the best enhancement effect. 3. Storage precautions: The storage of enhancers requires attention to moisture-proof and sun-proof measures to ensure their effectiveness and safety. In the present invention, the synergist is preferably at least two selected from the group consisting of chitosan oligosaccharide, polyglutamic acid, seaweed vitality factor, seaweed polysaccharide, brown algae oligosaccharide, aminobutyric acid, fish protein peptide, yellow peptide, synergistic nitrogen, synergistic phosphorus, amino acids, and phytochemicals.

[0030] The present invention also provides the use of the water-soluble fertilizer in the whole growth period of corn; the application method of the water-soluble fertilizer includes flushing, spraying, drip irrigation or soilless cultivation; the application dilution multiple of the water-soluble fertilizer is preferably 200 to 1000 times; the application amount of the water-soluble fertilizer is preferably 5 to 15 L / m 2 .

[0031] The water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention can be applied as corn basal fertilizer. As the basic fertilizer for the overall growth and development period of corn, the basal fertilizer must be sufficient to ensure the basic fertilizer required by corn throughout the entire growth cycle. The amount used is directly related to the growth and development status and yield quality.

[0032] In the present invention, the water-soluble fertilizer is preferably applied in conjunction with irrigation equipment. The water-soluble fertilizer is best used in conjunction with irrigation equipment, especially under drip irrigation and sprinkler fertilization conditions. This can reduce the leaching loss caused by a one-time large amount of fertilization, and is in line with the characteristics of uninterrupted nutrient absorption by plant roots; the fertilizer concentration needs to be controlled during the application. Before use, an appropriate amount of clean water needs to be added to dilute the fertilizer solution concentration. Try to use clean water, avoid using dirty water or water with a large amount of floating objects and impurities, so as to prevent clogging of the drip irrigation and sprinkler nozzles or drippers. The method of flushing the solution with water can be used during application. In the absence of irrigation equipment, the secondary dilution method is used, first diluting the water-soluble fertilizer with a small amount of water, and then flushing the diluted solution with water, so that the fertilizer can be flushed evenly and the fertilizer utilization rate can be improved. The fertilization time can be extended during application. In principle, the slower the application of water-soluble fertilizer, the better, especially for elements with poor mobility in the soil (such as phosphorus), extending the fertilization time can greatly improve its utilization rate. Excessive irrigation should be avoided during application. When applying, just keep the root layer moist. The root depth of different crops varies greatly, and the specific depth of the root layer can be understood by digging up the soil. Excessive irrigation not only wastes water resources, but may also cause nutrient loss.

[0033] In the present invention, the following issues need to be noted when applying the water-soluble fertilizer:

[0034] The water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention can be applied in combination with other fertilizers, but the type of fertilizer must be correctly selected to avoid affecting the efficacy of the water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention. Control the amount of nutrients. The amount of nutrients applied in a single application should be moderate to avoid nutrient waste and loss, and determine the fertilization period; attention should be paid to the control of irrigation volume. When irrigating, prevent flooding with large amounts of water, ensure that the ditch depth is suitable for the amount of water, and prevent nutrient loss. Before use, the water-soluble fertilizer should be diluted by the secondary dilution method to ensure uniform fertilization and improve fertilizer utilization. The principle of small amounts and multiple times. Water-soluble fertilizers are difficult to remain in the soil for a long time, so the principle of small amounts and multiple times of fertilization should be adopted. Nutrient balance. Pay attention to nutrient balance, especially when using fertilization methods such as drip irrigation, to meet the crop's demand for fertilizers. Pay attention to conductivity. Pay attention to conductivity when applying to prevent fertilizers from burning the leaf surface and root system, especially when using sprinkler irrigation and micro-sprinkler irrigation. Avoid excessive irrigation. Excessive irrigation will lead to waste of water and fertilizer, and the appropriate amount of soil moisture should be maintained. Coordinate application. Water-soluble fertilizers should be used in combination with other fertilizers such as base fertilizers, organic fertilizers, etc. to reduce costs and give full play to the advantages of various fertilizers. Pay attention to the timing of fertilization. Choose the appropriate time and amount of fertilization according to the growth status of the plant and soil conditions. Use safely. Pay attention to the safe use of water-soluble fertilizers to avoid impacts on the environment and human health. The above are the main matters that should be paid attention to when applying the water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention to ensure the use effect and economic benefits of the fertilizer.

[0035] In the present invention, the water-soluble fertilizer can be applied in combination with other fertilizers according to the different requirements of corn varieties and growth stages. The other fertilizers include nitrogen fertilizers, phosphorus fertilizers, potassium fertilizers and trace element fertilizers.

[0036] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0039] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0040] 400 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of copper sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0043] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0044] 400 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of copper sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0047] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0048] 500 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of copper sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0051] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0052] 500 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 20 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of copper sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0055] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0056] 500 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 40 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of copper sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0057] Example 6

[0058] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0059] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0060] 500 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 8 parts of urea phosphate, 8 parts of mineral potassium humate, 13 parts of potassium nitrate, 18 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of copper sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0061] Example 7

[0062] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0063] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0064] 500 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of copper sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 3 parts of borax.

[0065] Example 8

[0066] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0067] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0068] 500 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of cupric sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 8 parts of borax.

[0069] Example 9

[0070] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0071] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0072] 300 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 12 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8 parts of copper sulfate, 12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0073] Example 10

[0074] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 109 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0075] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0076] 500 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 18 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of copper sulfate, 12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0077] Comparative Example 1

[0078] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0079] 50 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of cupric sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0080] Comparative Example 2

[0081] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0082] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0083] 50 parts of urea, 400 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 3 parts of urea phosphate, 20 parts of mineral potassium humate, 10 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of cupric sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 10 parts of borax.

[0084] Comparative Example 3

[0085] 10 kg of cottonseed meal was inoculated with Bacillus megaterium at a rate of 1% by weight (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain cottonseed meal fermentation liquid.

[0086] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0087] 400 parts of cottonseed meal fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of cupric sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0088] Comparative Example 4

[0089] 10 kg corn syrup was inoculated with EM probiotics (live bacteria concentration 10 10 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0090] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0091] 500 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of copper sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

[0092] Comparative Example 5

[0093] In 10 kg corn syrup, inoculate Bacillus megaterium at an inoculum rate of 1% by weight of the material (live bacteria concentration 10 9 CFU / mL), and fermented at 35°C for 20 h to obtain corn steep liquor.

[0094] Weigh the materials according to the following weight parts and mix them to obtain water-soluble fertilizer:

[0095] 1000 parts of corn steep liquor, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 25 parts of potassium sulfate, 20 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10 parts of borax.

[0096] Experimental example

[0097] The water-soluble fertilizer provided in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 was used as the base fertilizer experimental sample, and the water was diluted 500 times at 10 L / m 2 The application amount was used for field corn planting (variety: Denghai W385), and an equal amount of conventional nutrient base fertilizer (the main ingredient was chicken manure, the trade name was fermented chicken manure organic fertilizer, purchased from Shijiazhuang Lvyun Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) was applied as a negative control.

[0098] Sowing parameters: row spacing 50cm, plant spacing 20cm, sowing depth 3-4cm, other field management methods are the same as local fields.

[0099] Fertilization management: In addition to the base fertilizer, the control group applied nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers 8 times, and the experimental group still used water-soluble fertilizers in each group for drip irrigation and fertilization 8 times. The amount and method of topdressing in each treatment group remained consistent during the growth period of corn.

[0100] After harvesting, the corn in each group was dried and the yield and grain quality indicators of each group were recorded.

[0101] The results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0102] Table 1 Results of corn field planting experiment①

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] Other conditions remain unchanged, and the corn variety is replaced with Xianyu 1225. The planting results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0106] Table 2 Results of corn field planting experiment②

[0107] Number of grains per ear (grains / ear) 100-grain weight (g) <![CDATA[Yield (kg / hm 2 )]]> Control group 463.1 29.2 35687.80 Example 1 510.3 36.5 48370.26 Comparative Example 1 475.3 23.2 39303.31 Comparative Example 2 483.3 26.6 31484.53 Comparative Example 3 477.5 22.4 31549.79 Comparative Example 4 454.4 20.2 30913.19 Comparative Example 5 497.7 28.7 38000.15

[0108] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the water-soluble fertilizer provided by the present invention can achieve the optimal corn yield and quality improvement effect, and exerts its effect through application throughout the growth period of corn, thereby effectively reducing production costs.

[0109] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 20-40 parts of urea, 8-12 parts of urea phosphate, 8-12 parts of mineral potassium humate, 13-18 parts of potassium nitrate, 18-22 parts of potassium sulfate, 13-18 parts of zinc sulfate, 3-8 parts of calcium nitrate, 8-12 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-8 parts of copper sulfate, 8-12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 3-8 parts of borax.

2. The water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of corn steep liquor fermentation liquid, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of urea phosphate, 10 parts of mineral potassium humate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 15 parts of zinc sulfate, 5 parts of calcium nitrate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of cupric sulfate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 5 parts of borax.

3. The water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The corn steep liquor is obtained by a preparation method comprising the following steps: The corn steep liquor is mixed with a fermentation bacterial agent and fermented to obtain a corn steep liquor.

4. The water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that The fermentation bacteria agent contains Bacillus megaterium.

5. The water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that The live bacteria concentration of Bacillus megaterium is 10 8 ~10 10 CFU / mL.

6. The water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that The inoculation amount of the fermentation bacteria agent is 0.5-3%.

7. The water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that The fermentation temperature is 32-38°C; The fermentation time is 12 to 24 hours.

8. Use of the water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 during the whole growth period of corn.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The application method of the water-soluble fertilizer includes flushing, spraying, drip irrigation or soilless cultivation.

10. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The application dilution multiple of the water-soluble fertilizer is 200 to 1000 times; The application amount of the water-soluble fertilizer is 5-15 L / m 2 .

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