Self-driven fish passing system applied to vertical seam type fishway

Abstract

The self-driven fish passing system comprises a power generation dredging device, a monitoring device and a flow state adjusting device, and the power generation dredging device comprises a rotating shaft structure, movable fan blades, a power generator, a high-pressure spray head, an overflow type bottom filter, a brush and a storage battery; the monitoring device comprises an infrared camera, a flow velocity detector, an environmental condition measuring instrument, a water temperature measuring instrument, an illumination detector, a turbidity measuring instrument, a controller, a computer, a PIT antenna and an electric box, and the flow state adjusting device comprises a movable lead angle and an overflow type bottom filter. The long-term monitoring effect on the fish passing effect of the fishway is improved, self-adjustment of the flow state flow in the fishway pond chamber is achieved, meanwhile, a water flow environment which facilitates efficient passing of fishes and reduces the physiological pressure of the fishes as much as possible can be created, the upstream efficiency is improved, a reasonable fishway pond chamber dredging method can be provided, and the fishway pond chamber dredging efficiency is improved. And the service life of the fishway is prolonged while the running effect of the fishway is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of ecological hydraulic engineering, and in particular relates to a self-driven fish passing system applied to a vertical slot fishway. Background Art

[0002] As an artificial facility to assist fish in crossing dams, fishways can help fish effectively overcome barriers of water conservancy and hydropower projects, and help maintain the diversity of fish populations. There are many types of fishways, mainly including Daniel type, overflow weir type, vertical slit type, and natural-like type. Among them, the vertical slit fishway is one of the mainstream types of fishways at home and abroad. By arranging transverse partitions at intervals, it creates water flow conditions suitable for fish to swim upstream, thereby helping fish to migrate across the dam. The existing fish-passing system cannot effectively monitor fish, resulting in the inability to self-regulate its internal flow state and flow, resulting in low fish passing efficiency, and it is impossible to clean silt while the fish are passing.

[0003] Therefore, in combination with the above-mentioned needs, a self-driven fish passing system for the vertical slot fishway was designed, which can carry out long-term monitoring of the fish passing effect of the fishway, realize self-regulation of the flow state and flow rate in the fishway pool, create a water flow environment that is conducive to the efficient passage of fish while minimizing their physiological stress, improve upstream efficiency, and provide a reasonable method for dredging the fishway pool, thereby ensuring the operation effect of the fishway and extending its service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art and to propose a self-driven fish passing system for use in vertical slot fishways. Based on the existing fish passing system, the self-driven fish passing system improves the long-term monitoring effect of the fish passing effect of the fishway and realizes self-regulation of the flow state and flow rate in the fishway pool. At the same time, it can create a water flow environment that is conducive to the efficient passage of fish while minimizing their physiological pressure, thereby improving the upstream efficiency and providing a reasonable method for dredging the fishway pool, thereby extending its service life while ensuring the operation effect of the fishway.

[0005] The technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A self-driven fish passage system applied to a vertical slot fishway comprises a power generation and dredging device, a monitoring device and a flow state regulating device. The power generation and dredging device comprises a rotating shaft structure, movable fan blades, a generator, a high-pressure nozzle, an overflow bottom filter, a brush and a battery. The monitoring device comprises an infrared camera, a flow velocity detector, an environmental condition measuring instrument, a water temperature measuring instrument, a light detector, a turbidity measuring instrument, a controller, a computer, a PIT antenna and an electrical box. The flow state regulating device comprises a movable guide angle and an overflow bottom filter. A long retaining wall is arranged in front of the power generation and dredging device, and a short retaining wall is arranged on the right side of the long retaining wall.

[0006] Preferably, the controller is a computer-type controller with programming function, and the PIT antenna is arranged at the vertical seam, and the arrangement density can be adjusted according to needs. It uses RFID radio frequency identification technology to mark fish.

[0007] Preferably, the turbidity measuring instrument is located in the middle layer of the water flow in the middle and lower section of the water retaining wall of the pool chamber, and the movable guide angle is arranged at the bottom layer, middle layer and upper layer of the vertical seam.

[0008] Preferably, a fishway outer wall is provided at the rear side of the short retaining wall, an electric box is fixedly installed on the surface of the fishway outer wall, a controller is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the electric box, and the computer is specifically a data processing center.

[0009] Preferably, the infrared camera is embedded and installed on a long water retaining wall of a vertical seam structure, the flow velocity detector and the water temperature measuring instrument are located in the middle layer of the water flow, and the light detector is located in the surface layer of the water flow.

[0010] Preferably, the output end of the monitoring device is electrically connected to a wire, a side of the wire away from the monitoring device is electrically connected to a battery, and a side of the battery away from the wire is electrically connected to an electric energy converter.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The self-driving fish passing system applied to the vertical slot fishway provided by the present invention: 1. Energy self-sufficiency: The system is powered by a vortex generator in the pool chamber. By capturing and converting the kinetic energy of water to generate electricity, this innovative design enables the device to achieve energy self-sufficiency and no longer rely on an external power supply system, thereby significantly reducing long-term energy consumption costs and operating costs. In addition, this independent power supply method also greatly enhances the environmental adaptability and operational stability of the device. Whether in remote areas or special environments, it can ensure that the device operates continuously, stably and efficiently, fully embodying the green, energy-saving and sustainable development concept. The structure is simple and the functions are diverse. The arched fish passage system has the functions of collecting rainwater on the road and slowing down the moving vehicles, which can reduce the area and cost of installing related facilities on the road. 2. Self-service silt removal: The eddy current generator has both generator and engine functions. It can clean the silt and debris in the fishway pool through reverse rotating blades, improve the operation efficiency of the fishway, reduce the workload of manual cleaning, and reduce the difficulty of fishway maintenance and improve maintenance efficiency; 3. Dynamic monitoring of fish passing through the entire fishway: By rationally arranging monitoring instruments on the side walls of the fishway chamber, the specific conditions of fish passing through the fishway, including the number of fish, species of fish passing through, swimming behavior, etc., can be monitored in real time, and the movement trajectory and distribution of fish in the fishway can be captured. The monitoring system also covers the collection and analysis of all monitoring data from the entrance to the exit of the fishway, which can accurately evaluate the design rationality of the fishway, its efficiency and its actual effect on the protection of fish populations; 4. Full environmental factor monitoring: The system can comprehensively monitor and record various key factors under specific fishway operation conditions, including light intensity, water quality, water flow velocity and other aspects. By comprehensively collecting and analyzing these environmental factor data and combining them with the fish movement process, the system can study the correlation between environmental factors and fish migration behavior, providing data reference for the diagnosis of fishway lesions that cause fish migration delays; 5. Self-regulating flow pattern and flow: According to the real-time monitoring of the system and the intelligent adjustment mechanism, the speed and turbulence of water flow at different depths are dynamically adjusted, which helps to optimize the overall hydraulic efficiency of the fishway, reduce energy loss, and help fish migration; 6. Independent operation: This system operates independently, does not affect the normal use of the main body of the hydraulic structure, does not need to adjust the water conservancy facilities, and will not interfere with the existing water conservancy projects when installing and maintaining the system, thereby reducing the complexity of construction and operation and improving its feasibility; 7. Data cloudification: All monitoring data will be uploaded to the cloud via computer, realizing centralized integration, storage, retrieval and management of data. Managers of each power station can access the cloud to query and conduct statistical verification of the number and types of fish passing through, which is conducive to the sharing of fish migration data information across sites. Scientific researchers can also obtain effective data in the first time and make targeted optimization and improvement of fishways. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a top view of the different-side vertical seam structure device in the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a side view of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a top view of the same-side vertical seam structure device in the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 It is a top view of the movable fan blade in the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 It is a side view of the movable fan blade in the present invention.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a chamfered cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0018] In the above drawings: 1. Infrared camera; 2. Flow rate detector; 3. Environmental condition measuring instrument; 4. Water temperature measuring instrument; 5. Light detector; 6. Turbidity measuring instrument; 7. Controller; 8. Computer; 9. Movable fan blades; 10. Battery; 11. Short retaining wall; 12. Long retaining wall; 13. Power converter; 14. Electric wires; 15. Generator; 16. Fishway outer wall; 17. Rotating shaft structure; 18. Electric box; 19. Guide angle; 20. High-pressure nozzle; 21. PIT antenna; 22. Overflow bottom filter; 23. Brush. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] As a self-driven fish passing system applied to a vertical slot fishway of the present invention, Figure 1-6 As shown, the present embodiment provides a self-driven fish passage system for vertical slot fishway, including a power generation and dredging device, a monitoring device and a flow state regulating device. The power generation and dredging device includes a rotating shaft structure 17, a movable fan blade 9, a generator 15, a high-pressure nozzle 20, an overflow bottom filter 22, a brush 23 and a battery 10. The monitoring device includes an infrared camera 1, a flow velocity detector 2, an environmental condition measuring instrument 3, a water temperature measuring instrument 4, a light detector 5, a turbidity measuring instrument 6, a controller 7, a computer 8, a PIT antenna 21 and an electrical box 18. The flow state regulating device includes a movable guide angle 19 and an overflow bottom filter 22. A long retaining wall 12 is arranged on the front side of the power generation and dredging device, and a short retaining wall 11 is arranged on the right side of the long retaining wall 12.

[0021] In some embodiments, the controller 7 is a computer controller with programming function, and the PIT antenna 21 is arranged at the vertical seam, and the arrangement density can be adjusted as needed. It uses RFID radio frequency identification technology to mark fish, and can quickly identify and mark the number and species of fish.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the turbidity meter 6 is located in the middle layer of the water flow in the middle and lower section of the water retaining wall of the pool chamber, and the movable guide angle 19 is set at the bottom, middle and upper layers of the vertical seam, which can detect the turbidity level inside the middle layer of the water flow and upload the data to the computer 8.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a fishway outer wall 16 is provided at the rear side of the short retaining wall 11, an electric box 18 is fixedly installed on the surface of the fishway outer wall 16, a controller 7 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the electric box 18, and the computer 8 is specifically a data processing center. The computer 8 transmits data through the controller 7 to control various parts of the device.

[0024] In other embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the infrared camera 1 is embedded and installed on the long retaining wall 12 of the vertical seam structure, the flow velocity detector 2 and the water temperature measuring instrument 4 are located in the middle layer of the water flow, and the light detector 5 is located in the surface layer of the water flow. The light detector 5 can detect the real-time light intensity and upload it to the computer 8 for data recording and analysis.

[0025] In other embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the output end of the monitoring device is electrically connected to a wire 14, the side of the wire 14 away from the monitoring device is electrically connected to a battery 10, and the side of the battery 10 away from the wire 14 is electrically connected to an energy converter 13. The battery 10 stores the generated electrical energy under the power supply of the generator 15 and supplies power to other electrical equipment when needed.

[0026] like Figure 3As shown, before the present invention is used, the size of the vertical seam structure is determined, and space is reserved under the fishway to equip the power supply system. At the same time, the layout distance of each detection instrument is determined, and the infrared camera 1 is fixed to the water retaining wall of the selected pool room. The camera angle is adjusted according to the transmitted image video to aim at the monitoring pool room area, and the flow rate detector 2, the light detector 5, the water temperature measuring instrument 4 and the turbidity measuring instrument 6 are firmly installed on the middle and lower part of the corresponding wall. The electric box 18 and the controller 7 are installed on the outside of the outer wall 16 of the fishway, the circuit is connected and the debugging of each component is completed, the data is connected to the computer 8, and possible problems such as poor contact are checked. The movable fan blades 9, the high-pressure nozzle 20, and the generator are connected. 15 and the battery 10 are installed on the bottom plate of the vertical seam fishway chamber, and a power-on test is carried out to ensure that the movable fan blades 9 and the generator 15 can switch the operation mode smoothly. During the normal use of the fishway, the water flow in the chamber drives the movable fan blades 9 to rotate, converting energy into electrical energy and storing it in the battery 10, thereby powering the entire device. The infrared camera 1 and the PIT antenna 21 record the number of fish passing through the designated chamber, the type of fish passing through, and the swimming behavior, etc., and upload them to the cloud of the computer 8, so that the upstream and downstream hydropower stations can track the fish passing through in real time. The data measured by the flow velocity detector 2, the light detector 5, the water temperature measuring instrument 4 and the turbidity measuring instrument 6 are synchronously transmitted to the computer 8, integrated and then uploaded to the cloud for researchers to explore. The inherent relationship between fish migration behavior and these parameters is analyzed, and the degree of siltation in the pool chamber is divided into two levels: low and high. When the siltation in the pool chamber reaches a high level, the computer 8 sends a command through the controller 7 to control the system to enter the silt removal mode, and the overflow bottom filter 22 automatically opens, and the water level in the pool chamber drops to a position below the movable fan blade 9. At the same time, the high-pressure nozzle 20 sprays high-pressure water to the surroundings to flush the inner wall of the pool chamber. The movable fan blade 9 rotates 90° so that the brush 23 faces the lower wall of the pool chamber. The generator 15 is powered by the battery 10 to drive the movable fan blade 9 to rotate in the opposite direction to the power generation mode, brushing the lower wall of the pool chamber and generating a vortex in the opposite direction to clean the mud and debris in the pool chamber. The cleaning is automatically completed. Switch to power generation mode. In addition, the computer 8 can also be used to manually control the switch between the two modes. According to the real-time monitoring of the hydraulic conditions and fish distribution in the fishway pool, the controller 7 transmits instructions in real time to adjust the movable guide angle 19 of the corresponding layer to autonomously adjust its own inclination and size, cooperate with the overflow bottom filter 22 switch to adjust the flow rate, and the generator 15 drives the movable fan blades 9 to actively operate to adjust the flow rate in the pool, creating a water flow environment that is conducive to the efficient passage of fish and minimizes their physiological pressure, ensuring that the best migratory environment can be provided for fish under different water flow conditions. In order to extend the service life of the device, the device can be regularly inspected and maintained, and the movable fan blades 9 can be lubricated.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-driven fish passage system for vertical slot fishways, characterized in that: The invention comprises a power generation and silting device, a monitoring device and a flow state regulating device. The power generation and silting device comprises a rotating shaft structure (17), movable fan blades (9), a generator (15), a high-pressure nozzle (20), an overflow bottom filter (22), a brush (23) and a storage battery (10). The monitoring device comprises an infrared camera (1), a flow velocity detector (2), a water temperature measuring instrument (4), an environmental condition measuring instrument (3), a light detector (5), a turbidity measuring instrument (6), a controller (7), a computer (8), a PIT antenna (21) and an electric box (18). The flow state regulating device comprises a movable guide angle (19) and an overflow bottom filter (22). A long retaining wall (12) is arranged at the front side of the power generation and silting device, and a short retaining wall (11) is arranged on the right side of the long retaining wall (12).

2. The self-driven fish passing system for vertical slot fishway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (7) is a computer-type controller with a programming function. The PIT antenna (21) is arranged at the vertical seam opening, and the arrangement density can be adjusted according to needs. The PIT antenna uses RFID radio frequency identification technology to mark fish.

3. The self-driven fish passing system for vertical slot fishway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbidity measuring instrument (6) is located in the middle layer of the water flow in the middle and lower section of the water retaining wall of the pool chamber, and the movable guide angle (19) is arranged at the bottom layer, middle layer and upper layer of the vertical seam.

4. The self-driven fish passing system for vertical slot fishway according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fishway outer wall (16) is arranged at the rear side of the short retaining wall (11), an electric box (18) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the fishway outer wall (16), a controller (7) is fixedly mounted in the inner cavity of the electric box (18), and the computer (8) is specifically a data processing center.

5. The self-driven fish passing system for vertical slot fishway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The infrared camera (1) is embedded and installed on a long retaining wall (12) of a vertical seam structure, the flow velocity detector (2) and the water temperature measuring instrument (4) are located in the middle layer of the water flow, and the light detector (5) is located in the surface layer of the water flow.

6. The self-driven fish passing system for vertical slot fishway according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output end of the monitoring device is electrically connected to a wire (14), a side of the wire (14) away from the monitoring device is electrically connected to a storage battery (10), and a side of the storage battery (10) away from the wire (14) is electrically connected to an electric energy converter (13).

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