A flexible support system and method for expansive soil slopes

Abstract

This invention discloses a flexible support system and method for expansive soil slopes, including a drainage ditch structure with a U-shaped cross-section; a retaining wall structure with an L-shaped cross-section aligned with the bottom of the drainage ditch structure, the lower side of the retaining wall structure fitting snugly against the lower side of the drainage ditch structure, and the retaining wall structure and the drainage ditch structure being an integral structure; the retaining wall structure having an upper drainage pipe and a lower drainage pipe inside; and a drainage structure including a drainage pool connected to the retaining wall structure on one side, the drainage pool being filled with a gravel structure. On one hand, the bottom of the flexible support structure is a sealing layer, which can prevent rainwater from seeping into the expansive soil slope and reduce expansive soil deformation. On the other hand, when the expansive soil slope deforms, the flexible support structure will not be damaged by the deformation of the expansive soil slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of slope protection technology, and particularly relates to a flexible support system and method for expansive soil slopes. Background Technology

[0002] The volume of expansive soil changes significantly with variations in moisture content. In a dry state, the bonds between expansive soil particles are relatively tight, resulting in a relatively stable overall structure. However, once exposed to rainwater, the thickness of the electric double layer on the surface of the soil particles increases, enhancing the repulsive forces between particles and causing the soil to swell. This swelling effect is particularly pronounced on slopes because it involves not only changes in the internal volume of the soil but also displacement and deformation under gravity. With continuous rainwater infiltration, the deformation process of expansive soil slopes gradually intensifies. On one hand, soil swelling leads to stress concentration within the slope, especially at the interface between the rigid support structure and the soil, where this stress concentration is particularly significant.

[0003] Because the material properties of rigid support structures limit their resistance to deformation, damage such as cracks, misalignment, and even fracture will occur when the stress exceeds their bearing capacity. Furthermore, soil expansion can lead to overall slope slippage or collapse, further exacerbating the damage to the support structure. Therefore, two problems need to be addressed simultaneously: first, the issue of flexible support for expansive soil slopes; and second, the problem of downward slippage within the flexible support system itself. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a flexible support system for expansive soil slopes, which has the advantages of robust flexible support and solves the problems of the prior art.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows: a flexible support system for expansive soil slopes, comprising:

[0006] A drainage ditch structure, wherein the cross-section of the drainage ditch structure is U-shaped;

[0007] The wall structure has its bottom aligned with the bottom of the drainage ditch structure. The wall structure has an L-shaped cross-section, and its lower side fits into the lower side of the drainage ditch structure. The wall structure and the drainage ditch structure are an integral structure. The wall structure is equipped with an upper drainage pipe and a lower drainage pipe.

[0008] A drainage structure, comprising a drainage pool, one side of which is connected to the retaining wall structure, and the interior of the drainage pool is lined with a gravel filling structure;

[0009] A flexible support structure includes, from bottom to top, a sealing layer, a crushed stone layer, a reinforced soil layer, and a strengthening layer. The sealing layer and the crushed stone layer are both stepped layered structures. The sealing layer is attached to the expansive soil slope, and the crushed stone layer is attached to the sealing layer. The lower end of the crushed stone layer is connected to the crushed stone filling structure. The reinforced soil layer is placed on the crushed stone layer, and the lower surface of the reinforced soil layer is stepped, while the upper surface has several slopes. A drainage ditch is opened on the slope, and the strengthening layer is placed on the slope.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper drain pipe is located above the lower drain pipe, the upper drain pipe is inclinedly disposed on the vertical part of the retaining wall structure, the lower drain pipe is inclinedly disposed on the horizontal part of the retaining wall structure, and the lower drain pipe penetrates the side wall of the drainage ditch structure; both the upper drain pipe and the lower drain pipe are provided in several groups, and the upper drain pipe and the lower drain pipe are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal direction.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slope surface includes a top support surface, an inclined support surface, and an intermediate support surface; the upper side of the top support surface extends to the upper side of the expansive soil slope, and the lower side of the inclined support surface is flush with the upper edge of the retaining wall structure; a trench top intercepting ditch is provided on the top support surface, and a platform intercepting ditch is provided on the intermediate support surface.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcing layer includes a geogrid, geocells, and a greening layer, wherein the greening layer is disposed on the top support surface, and the geogrid and the geocells are disposed on the inclined support surface.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a drainage frame is fixedly connected to the back side of the retaining wall structure, and a water inlet filter plate is provided on the side of the drainage frame away from the retaining wall structure; the upper end of the lower drainage pipe is fixedly connected to and communicates with the drainage frame, and the upper end of the upper drainage pipe is fixedly connected to and communicates with the drainage frame.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drainage frame is provided with a first screw hole, and the water inlet filter plate is provided with a second screw hole, the second screw hole and the first screw hole being positioned correspondingly; the upper drainage pipe and the lower drainage pipe are both fixedly connected with threaded sleeves, the upper end of the threaded sleeve being a closed end, and the threaded sleeve being connected to the first screw hole and the second screw hole;

[0015] The threaded sleeve is provided with a water inlet hole.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drainage frame is provided with a lifting plate inside, a drive rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting plate, an upper cover plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive rod, the upper cover plate is attached to the upper side of the drainage frame, and a roller shaft is rotatably connected to the side of the lifting plate near the water inlet filter plate. The roller shaft is provided with spikes that can penetrate the filter holes of the water inlet filter plate.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower drain pipe is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, a spiral blade is wound around the rotating shaft, and a blade is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft. The blade is located in the drainage ditch structure. A baffle is provided on the upper side of the drainage ditch structure, and a drain outlet is provided on the baffle. The drain outlet is located above the blade.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a support plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the drainage frame, and the lower end of the support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the drainage pool; a water flow channel is provided inside the support plate, the inlet of the water flow channel is located in the reinforced soil, and the outlet of the water flow channel is located in the gravel filling structure.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a reinforcing pipe is fixedly connected to the lower side of the support plate, the lower end of the reinforcing pipe is fixedly connected to the drainage frame, and the reinforcing pipe is connected to the water flow channel and the drainage frame.

[0020] A flexible support method for expansive soil slopes includes the following steps:

[0021] Accurate measurement and layout of the slope;

[0022] Grouting was performed on the top of the slope to improve its stability;

[0023] The slope is excavated in stages to form regular excavation steps;

[0024] The excavated soil was transported away;

[0025] Construct retaining wall structures to enhance slope stability;

[0026] Level the slope surface and compact it to the specified density;

[0027] The slope was compacted to ensure the soil was dense;

[0028] Backfill with a layer of crushed stone to facilitate slope drainage;

[0029] Reinforced soil is backfilled as the main filling material for the slope;

[0030] The geogrid is wrapped in reverse to enhance the flexible support effect of the slope.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] The application of this flexible support system has brought significant benefits. On the one hand, through its efficient drainage system and sealing layer design, it effectively reduces the stability problems of expansive soil slopes caused by moisture changes, extending the service life of the slopes. On the other hand, the adaptive design of the flexible support structure can flexibly cope with minor deformations of the slope, reducing structural damage caused by deformation and improving the reliability and durability of the overall support system. Furthermore, the close integration of the retaining wall structure and the drainage ditch structure not only enhances the stability of the support structure but also facilitates maintenance and management, reducing later maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the green layer design within the reinforced layer promotes the ecological restoration of the slope, achieving the dual benefits of environmental protection and slope support. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a flexible support system for expansive soil slopes provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a first-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the drainage frame portion provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a two-dimensional structural diagram of the drainage frame portion provided in an embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0036] Figure 4 This is provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a side view of the drainage frame portion provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the drainage frame portion provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram of part B.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Drainage ditch structure; 2. Retaining wall structure; 3. Upper drainage pipe; 4. Lower drainage pipe; 5. Drainage structure; 6. Drainage pool; 7. Crushed stone filling structure; 8. Flexible support structure; 9. Sealing layer; 10. Crushed stone layer; 11. Reinforced soil layer; 12. Strengthening layer; 131. Top support surface; 132. Inclined support surface; 133. Intermediate support surface; 14. Intercepting ditch; 15. Drainage frame; 16. Inlet filter plate; 17. Threaded sleeve; 18. Inlet hole; 19. Lifting plate; 20. Drive rod; 21. Roller; 22. Spike; 23. Rotating shaft; 24. Spiral blade; 25. Blade; 26. Baffle; 27. Drainage outlet; 28. Support plate; 29. ​​Reinforcing pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To further understand the invention's content, features, and effects, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The structure of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flexible support system for expansive soil slopes, comprising:

[0044] Drainage ditch structure 1, wherein the cross-section of drainage ditch structure 1 is U-shaped;

[0045] The wall structure 2 has its bottom aligned with the bottom of the drainage ditch structure 1. The wall structure 2 has an L-shaped cross-section, and its lower side is attached to the lower side of the drainage ditch structure 1. The wall structure 2 and the drainage ditch structure 1 are an integral structure. The wall structure 2 is equipped with an upper drainage pipe 3 and a lower drainage pipe 4 inside.

[0046] Drainage structure 5, the drainage structure 5 includes a drainage pool 6, one side of the drainage pool 6 is connected to the retaining wall structure 2, and the interior of the drainage pool 6 is lined with a gravel filling structure 7;

[0047] The flexible support structure 8 includes a sealing layer 9, a gravel layer 10, a reinforced soil layer 11, and a strengthening layer 12 arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The sealing layer 9 and the gravel layer 10 are both stepped layered structures. The sealing layer 9 is attached to the expansive soil slope, and the gravel layer 10 is attached to the sealing layer 9. The lower end of the gravel layer 10 is connected to the gravel filling structure 7. The reinforced soil layer 11 is arranged on the gravel layer 10, and the lower surface of the reinforced soil layer 11 is stepped, while the upper surface is a series of slopes. A drainage ditch 14 is provided on the slope, and the strengthening layer 12 is arranged on the slope.

[0048] The working principle of flexible support is as follows:

[0049] On the one hand, the bottom of the flexible support structure 8 is a sealing layer 9, which can prevent rainwater from seeping into the expansive soil slope and reduce the deformation of the expansive soil. Specifically, rainwater can flow into the intercepting ditch 14 and the lowest drainage ditch structure 1 through the slope surface, or it can seep downward into the gravel layer 10 and flow along the gravel layer 10 into the drainage structure 5 (the gravel layer 10 is composed of gravel with gaps between the gravel), and then flow into the lowest drainage ditch structure 1 through the upper drainage pipe 3 and the lower drainage pipe 4 inside the retaining wall structure 2.

[0050] On the other hand, when the expansive soil slope deforms, the sealing layer 9, the reinforced soil layer 11, and the crushed stone layer 10 will all deform accordingly, so the flexible support structure 8 will not be damaged by the deformation of the expansive soil slope. The reinforced soil layer 11 is flexible and can absorb the energy of deformation, while the crushed stone layer 10 can help with drainage.

[0051] The retaining wall structure 2 can support the flexible support structure 8 and prevent it from sliding down. Furthermore, the retaining wall structure 2 and the drainage ditch structure 1 are an integrated structure, for example, both being reinforced concrete structures. Therefore, the stability of the retaining wall structure 2 can be increased, thereby improving the stability of the flexible support structure 8.

[0052] Furthermore, the upper drain pipe 3 is located above the lower drain pipe 4. The upper drain pipe 3 is inclinedly arranged in the vertical part of the retaining wall structure 2, and the lower drain pipe 4 is inclinedly arranged in the horizontal part of the retaining wall structure 2. The lower drain pipe 4 penetrates the side wall of the drainage ditch structure 1. Both the upper drain pipe 3 and the lower drain pipe 4 are provided in several groups, and the upper drain pipe 3 and the lower drain pipe 4 are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal direction.

[0053] Furthermore, the slope surface includes a top support surface 131, an inclined support surface 132, and an intermediate support surface 133; the upper side of the top support surface 131 extends to the upper side of the expansive soil slope, and the lower side of the inclined support surface 132 is flush with the upper edge of the retaining wall structure 2; a trench top intercepting ditch is provided on the top support surface 131, and a platform intercepting ditch is provided on the intermediate support surface 133.

[0054] Furthermore, the reinforcing layer 12 includes a geogrid, geocells, and a greening layer. The greening layer is disposed on the top support surface 131, and the geogrid and geocells are disposed on the inclined support surface 132.

[0055] The design's working principle is primarily based on a multi-layered support structure and interception system. The slope is meticulously divided into a top support surface 131, an inclined support surface 132, and an intermediate support surface 133, which work together to provide stable support. The top support surface 131 is closely connected to the expansive soil slope, while the inclined support surface 132 connects to the lower edge of the retaining wall, ensuring the continuity and stability of the overall structure. Simultaneously, the intercepting ditch 14 at the top of the trench and the platform intercepting ditch 14 effectively cut off external water sources such as rainwater, reducing the risk of soil erosion.

[0056] The beneficial effects of this design are as follows: First, the multi-layered support structure enhances slope stability and reduces the probability of geological disasters such as landslides. Second, the application of the water interception system effectively prevents erosion of the slope by external water sources such as rainwater, protecting the soil and vegetation. Furthermore, the green layer not only beautifies the environment but also stabilizes the soil through the root system of the vegetation, further enhancing slope stability. Simultaneously, the use of geogrids and geocells improves the shear strength and bearing capacity of the soil, providing more reliable support for the slope.

[0057] Furthermore, the back side of the retaining wall structure 2 is fixedly connected (e.g., by expansion bolts) to a drainage frame 15, and a water inlet filter plate 16 is provided on the side of the drainage frame 15 away from the retaining wall structure 2; the upper end of the lower drain pipe 4 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the drainage frame 15, and the upper end of the upper drain pipe 3 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the drainage frame 15.

[0058] This setting has the following effects:

[0059] First, the drainage frame 15 is attached to the back side of the wall retaining structure 2 and is fixedly connected to the wall retaining structure 2, which can reinforce the wall retaining structure 2. In specific implementation, the main body of the drainage frame 15 can be made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy, which has strong structural strength on the one hand and can prevent rust on the other.

[0060] Secondly, during drainage, water enters the drainage frame 15 after passing through the inlet filter plate 16, and then enters the lower drainage pipe 4 from inside the drainage frame 15. On the one hand, this can prevent the lower drainage pipe 4 from being blocked, and on the other hand, after the water enters the drainage frame 15, it can flow quickly into the lower drainage pipe 4, preventing water from accumulating on the back of the retaining wall structure 2 and damaging the retaining wall structure 2.

[0061] Third, if there is a lot of water in the drain box 15, it can be discharged through the upper drain pipe 3 when the liquid level reaches the upper drain pipe 3. In addition, the drain box 15 can connect the upper ends of several lower drain pipes 4, so that even if some of the drain pipes are blocked, the water can still be discharged through the other drain pipes, thus improving fault tolerance.

[0062] Furthermore, the drainage frame 15 is provided with a first screw hole, and the water inlet filter plate 16 is provided with a second screw hole, the second screw hole and the first screw hole are positioned correspondingly; the upper drainage pipe 3 and the lower drainage pipe 4 are both fixedly connected with threaded sleeves 17, the upper end of the threaded sleeve 17 is a closed end, and the threaded sleeve 17 is connected to the first screw hole and the second screw hole.

[0063] The threaded sleeve 17 is provided with a water inlet hole 18.

[0064] This setting has the following effects:

[0065] First, the threaded sleeve 17 is connected to the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole, which can fix and support the drainage frame 15 and the water inlet filter plate 16 to prevent them from being squeezed and deformed.

[0066] Secondly, the threaded connection makes it easy to install this device.

[0067] Furthermore, the drainage frame 15 is provided with a lifting plate 19 inside. A drive rod 20 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting plate 19. An upper cover plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive rod 20. The upper cover plate is attached to the upper side of the drainage frame 15. A roller shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the side of the lifting plate 19 near the water inlet filter plate 16. The roller shaft 21 is provided with spikes 22. The spikes 22 can penetrate the filter holes of the water inlet filter plate 16.

[0068] With this configuration, during normal use, the lifting plate 19 is located at the bottom of the drain frame 15. If there are impurities in the drain frame 15, they will accumulate on the lifting plate 19. By moving the drive rod 20 upward, the lifting plate 19 can be moved upward, thereby cleaning the impurities (such as fine sand) inside the drain frame 15 and preventing blockage. Furthermore, the roller 21 facilitates the upward movement of the lifting plate 19 and allows the spikes 22 to unclog the filter holes on the inlet filter plate 16.

[0069] Furthermore, the lower drain pipe 4 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 23, and a spiral blade 24 is arranged around the rotating shaft 23. A blade 25 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 23, and the blade 25 is located in the drainage ditch structure 1. A baffle 26 is provided on the upper side of the drainage ditch structure 1, and a drain outlet 27 is opened on the baffle 26. The drain outlet 27 is located above the blade 25.

[0070] With this configuration, when drainage occurs in the drainage ditch structure 1, the water flow can actuate the blades 25, thus facilitating the cleaning of impurities in the lower drainage pipe 4. The baffle 26 blocks soil, preventing it from entering the drainage ditch structure 1. Water flows into the drainage ditch structure 1 through the drain outlet 27, and the potential energy of the water can actuate the blades 25, further facilitating the cleaning of impurities in the lower drainage pipe 4. If the lower drainage pipe 4 is partially blocked, the water level in the drainage frame 15 rises and is discharged through the upper drainage pipe 3. As the water falls from the upper drainage pipe 3, it actuates the blades 25, causing the spiral blades 24 to rotate, thus facilitating the cleaning of impurities in the lower drainage pipe 4. In specific implementations, the spiral blades 24 can be made of plastic, which has the advantage of not rusting. Preferably, the outer diameter of the spiral blades 24 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower drainage pipe 4. With this configuration, since the spiral blades 24 do not adhere to the inner wall of the lower drainage pipe 4, the resistance during rotation is small, and the spiral blades 24 cause less obstruction to drainage.

[0071] Furthermore, a support plate 28 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the drainage frame 15, and the lower end of the support plate 28 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the drainage pool 6; a water flow channel is provided inside the support plate 28, the inlet of the water flow channel is located in the reinforced soil, and the outlet of the water flow channel is located in the gravel filling structure 7.

[0072] This setting has the following effects:

[0073] First, the bottom of the support plate 28, the drainage frame 15 and the drainage pool 6 form a triangular structure, which can reinforce the drainage frame 15 and improve the stability of the retaining wall structure 2.

[0074] Second, the support plate 28 itself has a supporting effect on the flexible support structure 8, which can reduce the risk of landslides;

[0075] Third, the water in the reinforced soil layer 11 can be quickly introduced into the drainage pool 6, reducing the water content of the reinforced soil layer 11 and thus improving the drainage effect.

[0076] Furthermore, a reinforcing pipe 29 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the support plate 28. The lower end of the reinforcing pipe 29 is fixedly connected to the drainage frame 15, and the reinforcing pipe 29 connects the water flow channel and the drainage frame 15. Water in the water flow channel can flow into both the drainage pool 6 and the drainage frame 15, improving the drainage effect.

[0077] A flexible support method for expansive soil slopes includes the following steps:

[0078] Accurate measurement and layout of the slope;

[0079] Grouting was performed on the top of the slope to improve its stability;

[0080] The slope is excavated in stages to form regular excavation steps;

[0081] The excavated soil was transported away;

[0082] Construct retaining wall structures to enhance slope stability;

[0083] Level the slope surface and compact it to the specified density;

[0084] The slope was compacted to ensure the soil was dense;

[0085] Backfill with a layer of crushed stone to facilitate slope drainage;

[0086] Reinforced soil is backfilled as the main filling material for the slope;

[0087] The geogrid is wrapped in reverse to enhance the flexible support effect of the slope.

[0088] Specifically, accurate measurement and layout of slopes includes the following steps:

[0089] 1. Based on the control points provided by the design institute, the following measurement work shall be carried out:

[0090] Mark out the centerline and edge lines of the roadbed.

[0091] Mark out the excavation boundaries on both sides of the roadbed.

[0092] Remeasure the original ground elevation.

[0093] 2. Draw the following diagram:

[0094] Plan view: indicating the center line, edge lines, and cross-section station numbers of the roadbed.

[0095] Cross-section diagram: The cross-sections are spaced 20 meters apart, and additional cross-sections are added when the longitudinal terrain changes are complex.

[0096] 3. Measure the cross-sectional area for quantity verification:

[0097] The cross-sectional area is measured based on the center stake and corresponding elevation.

[0098] 4. Measurement accuracy requirements:

[0099] The positional error of the weakest point is within ±50mm.

[0100] The relative positional error of the weakest adjacent point is ±30mm.

[0101] The relative mean square error of the side length of the weakest adjacent point is less than 1 / 20000.

[0102] 5. Organize and compile measurement data and results.

[0103] Specifically, the slope is excavated in stages to form regular excavation steps:

[0104] 1. Conduct a detailed investigation of the stability of the expansive soil landslide slope, address any unsafe factors, set up monitoring points, and monitor the slope stability during construction.

[0105] 2. The steps are designed to slope outwards by 3% to facilitate drainage. Supporting drainage trenches are installed at the water outlets, which are connected to the platform's gravel layer.

[0106] 3. Excavate temporary slopes according to the temporary excavation line, using a slope ratio of 1:1.75, with a step width of 2.0 to 4.0 meters, and the steps also slope outwards by 3%.

[0107] 4. Excavation of expansive soil slopes shall be carried out in stages, with protection implemented at each stage. Unprotected slopes shall be covered with waterproof fabric, and the recycling rate of the waterproof fabric shall be 30%.

[0108] 5. During construction, the edge line of the steps should be re-measured every 3-5m of excavation, and a comprehensive summary should be made.

[0109] Specifically, the construction of the retaining wall structure includes the following steps;

[0110] 1. Calculate the location coordinates and elevation of the retaining wall structure, and lay out the layout. Place retaining piles in a location that will not affect construction, determine the construction location using a total station, and mark the excavation line with lime.

[0111] 2. Ensure the ground drainage facilities are complete. Excavate mechanically to 20cm above the design elevation, or manually to the design elevation. Check the dimensions, elevation, and bearing capacity of the foundation pit. Once the requirements are met, proceed with foundation and wall construction. Take reinforcement measures if groundwater seepage occurs.

[0112] 3. Fix the foundation formwork according to the layout line, check the formwork size and line shape, and pour the foundation concrete after the supervising engineer has accepted it.

[0113] 4. Pre-embed 150mm diameter PVC drainage pipes, inclined at 10°, with a longitudinal spacing of 2m, and the outlet is no less than 300mm from the bottom of the drainage ditch.

[0114] 5. After the foundation concrete reaches the design strength, install the wall formwork, ensuring smooth connection of the formwork to avoid grout leakage. After acceptance by the supervising engineer, concrete pouring can proceed.

[0115] 6. After concrete pouring, curing is necessary. Exposed surfaces should be kept moist by sprinkling water to prevent drying and cracking. When removing the formwork, take care to protect the wall surface and edges.

[0116] Working principle of the invention:

[0117] The working principle of this flexible support system is mainly reflected in its comprehensive protection of expansive soil slopes. Firstly, the sealing layer 9 effectively prevents rainwater from directly seeping into the expansive soil slope, reducing soil expansion and deformation caused by moisture changes. Rainwater can be quickly drained away through the gravel layer 10 and the intercepting ditch 14, and further guided to the drainage ditch structure 1 via the upper drainage pipe 3 and lower drainage pipe 4 within the retaining wall structure 2, ensuring the slope interior remains dry. Simultaneously, the reinforced soil layer 11 and gravel layer 10 in the flexible support structure 8 possess good deformation adaptability, adjusting to slope deformation and preventing structural damage. The integrated design of the retaining wall structure 2 and the drainage ditch structure 1 not only enhances the structural stability but also provides additional support, preventing landslides in the flexible support structure 8.

[0118] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0119] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flexible support system for expansive soil slopes, characterized in that, include: The drainage ditch structure (1) has a U-shaped cross section; The bottom of the wall structure (2) is aligned with the bottom of the drainage ditch structure (1). The cross-section of the wall structure (2) is L-shaped, and the lower part of the wall structure (2) is attached to the lower part of the drainage ditch structure (1). The wall structure (2) and the drainage ditch structure (1) are an integral structure. The wall structure (2) is provided with an upper drainage pipe (3) and a lower drainage pipe (4) inside. The drainage structure (5) includes a drainage pool (6), one side of which is connected to the retaining wall structure (2), and the drainage pool (6) is filled with a gravel filling structure (7). The flexible support structure (8) includes a sealing layer (9), a gravel layer (10), a reinforced soil layer (11), and a strengthening layer (12) arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The sealing layer (9) and the gravel layer (10) are both stepped layered structures. The sealing layer (9) is attached to the expansive soil slope, and the gravel layer (10) is attached to the sealing layer (9). The lower end of the gravel layer (10) is connected to the gravel filling structure (7). The reinforced soil layer (11) is set on the gravel layer (10). The lower surface of the reinforced soil layer (11) is stepped, and the upper surface is a number of slopes. A water interception ditch (14) is opened on the slope. The strengthening layer (12) is set on the slope. A drainage frame (15) is fixedly connected to the back side of the retaining wall structure (2), and a water inlet filter plate (16) is provided on the side of the drainage frame (15) away from the retaining wall structure (2); the upper end of the lower drainage pipe (4) is fixedly connected to and communicates with the drainage frame (15), and the upper end of the upper drainage pipe (3) is fixedly connected to and communicates with the drainage frame (15). The drainage frame (15) is provided with a lifting plate (19). A drive rod (20) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting plate (19). An upper cover plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive rod (20). The upper cover plate is attached to the upper side of the drainage frame (15). A roller shaft (21) is rotatably connected to the side of the lifting plate (19) near the water inlet filter plate (16). A spike (22) is provided on the roller shaft (21). The spike (22) can penetrate the filter hole of the water inlet filter plate (16).

2. The flexible support system for expansive soil slopes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper drain pipe (3) is located above the lower drain pipe (4). The upper drain pipe (3) is inclinedly arranged on the vertical part of the retaining wall structure (2). The lower drain pipe (4) is inclinedly arranged on the horizontal part of the retaining wall structure (2). The lower drain pipe (4) penetrates the side wall of the drainage ditch structure (1). The upper drain pipe (3) and the lower drain pipe (4) are provided in several groups. The upper drain pipe (3) and the lower drain pipe (4) are arranged at equal intervals in the horizontal direction.

3. The flexible support system for expansive soil slopes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The slope includes a top support surface (131), an inclined support surface (132), and an intermediate support surface (133); the upper side of the top support surface (131) extends to the upper side of the expansive soil slope, and the lower side of the inclined support surface (132) is flush with the upper edge of the retaining wall structure (2); a trench top intercepting ditch is provided on the top support surface (131), and a platform intercepting ditch is provided on the intermediate support surface (133).

4. The flexible support system for expansive soil slopes as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcing layer (12) includes a geogrid, geocells and a greening layer. The greening layer is disposed on the top support surface (131), and the geogrid and the geocells are disposed on the inclined support surface (132).

5. A flexible support system for expansive soil slopes as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The drainage frame (15) is provided with a first screw hole, and the water inlet filter plate (16) is provided with a second screw hole, the second screw hole and the first screw hole are positioned corresponding to each other; Both the upper drain pipe (3) and the lower drain pipe (4) are fixedly connected to threaded sleeves (17). The upper end of the threaded sleeve (17) is a closed end, and the threaded sleeve (17) is connected to the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole. The threaded sleeve (17) is provided with a water inlet hole (18).

6. A flexible support system for expansive soil slopes as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The drain pipe (4) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (23), and a spiral blade (24) is arranged around the rotating shaft (23). A blade (25) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft (23), and the blade (25) is located in the drainage ditch structure (1). A baffle (26) is provided on the upper side of the drainage ditch structure (1), and a drain outlet (27) is provided on the baffle (26). The drain outlet (27) is located above the blade (25).

7. A flexible support system for expansive soil slopes as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The upper side of the drainage frame (15) is fixedly connected to a support plate (28), and the lower end of the support plate (28) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the drainage pool (6). The support plate (28) has a water flow channel inside, the inlet of the water flow channel is located in the reinforced soil, and the outlet of the water flow channel is located in the crushed stone filling structure (7).

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