Roadway supporting structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a roadway supporting structure and a construction method thereof.The roadway supporting structure is arranged on the goaf side of a roadway and comprises a rigid supporting body, the rigid supporting body is provided with a plurality of enclosing walls, and the enclosing walls extend in the length direction of the roadway and are arranged at intervals in the width direction; the space between every two adjacent enclosing walls is filled with waste gangues, and grouting and cementing are conducted; the flexible mold bag is hung below a top plate of the roadway and corresponds to the rigid supporting body, the bottom of the flexible mold bag abuts against the top of the rigid supporting body, and the flexible mold bag and the rigid supporting body are matched to support the roadway; and the connecting structure is arranged between the rigid supporting body and the flexible mold bag, and the connecting structure can be connected with the rigid supporting body and the flexible mold bag in the height direction so as to improve the transverse loading capacity of the roadway supporting structure. By means of the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, a roadway supporting structure is poor in supporting effect can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gob-side tunnel retaining in coal mining, and in particular to a tunnel support structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the process of coal mining, the technology of retaining a tunnel along the goaf is usually used for mining, which can improve the recovery rate of coal resources, reduce the amount of tunnel excavation engineering and alleviate the tension of mining and excavation succession. After the tunnel is excavated, a support structure is usually set up in the tunnel to ensure the structural stability of the tunnel. The mechanical properties of the tunnel support structure are the key factors affecting the tunnel support effect of retaining a tunnel along the goaf.

[0003] In the existing technology, the support structure of the tunnel along the goaf is mostly a single structure, which can be divided into rigid support and flexible support according to the mechanical properties. The rigid support has high strength and strong deformation resistance, but it cannot provide flexible pressure relief in the "given deformation stage" of the roof, which can easily cause shear-type damage to the roof and floor plates; the flexible support has good shrinkage performance and can adapt to the early severe deformation of the roof, but its bearing capacity is insufficient and it is difficult to provide bearing capacity in the "limited deformation" stage of the roof, which can easily cause serious deformation of the tunnel along the goaf. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a tunnel support structure and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the tunnel support structure in the prior art has a poor supporting effect.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel support structure, which is arranged on the goaf side of the tunnel, and the tunnel support structure comprises: a rigid support body, having a plurality of walls, the plurality of walls extending along the length direction of the tunnel and arranged at intervals along the width direction, and waste gangue is used to fill and grout the adjacent walls; a flexible mold bag, which is hung under the roof of the tunnel and arranged corresponding to the rigid support body, the bottom of the flexible mold bag abuts against the top of the rigid support body, and the flexible mold bag and the rigid support body cooperate to support the tunnel; a connecting structure, which is arranged between the rigid support body and the flexible mold bag, and the connecting structure can connect the rigid support body and the flexible mold bag in the height direction to improve the lateral load capacity of the tunnel support structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the connecting structure includes a first hanging net and a second hanging net, the first hanging net is fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the rigid support body arranged opposite to each other along the width direction, and the second hanging net is respectively fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the rigid support body arranged opposite to each other along the width direction and the outer side walls of the flexible mold bag arranged opposite to each other along the width direction, and the first hanging net partially overlaps with the second hanging net.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting structure includes a plurality of upright steel bars extending in the height direction, the plurality of upright steel bars are arranged between two adjacent walls, and are arranged at intervals along the length direction and the width direction of the alley, one end of the upright steel bar is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the alley, and the other end of the upright steel bar protrudes from the top of the wall and is passed through the anchor hole at the bottom of the flexible mold bag.

[0008] Furthermore, the connection structure also includes a plurality of anti-seepage gaskets, which are arranged one by one corresponding to the plurality of upright steel bars. The anti-seepage gaskets are sleeved on the upright steel bars and are located between the top surface of the rigid support body and the bottom surface of the flexible mold bag.

[0009] Furthermore, waste gangue is filled on the top surface after grouting and bonding to form a gangue bearing surface, and the height of the gangue bearing surface is less than the height of the wall.

[0010] Furthermore, the tunnel support structure also includes a plurality of through anchor rods, which extend along the width direction of the tunnel. The plurality of through anchor rods are arranged at intervals along the height direction and the length direction of the tunnel. The flexible mold bag and the rigid support body are both penetrated by the through anchor rods, and the two ends of the through anchor rods are respectively fixedly connected to two side walls of the tunnel support structure which are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for constructing a tunnel support structure is provided. The method is used to construct the above-mentioned tunnel support structure. The method specifically comprises:

[0012] Step 1: Build a wall in the lane and preset a connection structure on the wall;

[0013] Step 2: Use a gangue throwing machine to throw the waste rock from coal mining into two adjacent walls and inject grout to form a rigid support body;

[0014] Step 3: hoist the flexible mold bag on the top plate of the tunnel, and connect the flexible mold bag with the rigid support body through the connecting structure;

[0015] Step 4: Inject grout into the flexible mold bag and solidify the slurry in the flexible mold bag.

[0016] Furthermore, the connecting structure includes a first hanging net and a second hanging net, wherein, in step one, presetting the connecting structure on the wall specifically includes: fixing the first hanging net on the side wall of the wall by fasteners; in step three, connecting the flexible mold bag and the rigid support body through the connecting structure specifically includes: fixing the second hanging net on the side wall of the flexible mold bag, the side wall of the wall and the first hanging net respectively by fasteners.

[0017] Furthermore, the tunnel support structure also includes a plurality of cross-linking anchor rods, wherein step two specifically includes: presetting multiple filling layers along the height direction between two adjacent walls, filling each filling layer with waste rock from bottom to top and grouting and bonding, and inserting cross-linking anchor rods into each filling layer.

[0018] Furthermore, before step 4, the construction method further includes: step 5: erecting a plurality of hydraulic pillars at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel, with two ends of the hydraulic pillars respectively abutting against the top plate and the bottom plate of the tunnel.

[0019] By applying the technical solution of the present application, the tunnel support structure formed by connecting the rigid support body and the flexible mold bag through the connecting structure can be supported between the top and bottom plates of the tunnel to prevent the top plate from falling and ensure safe production. Specifically, when the waste rock filled between the walls is combined with the walls after grouting and bonding, it can form a stable rigid support structure to provide enhanced support performance. After grouting, the flexible mold bag can adjust its shape with geological changes to disperse the low pressure borne by the tunnel structure. After the rigid support body and the flexible mold bag are combined, sufficient support strength can be provided for the tunnel, reducing the risk of deformation and damage of the tunnel support structure, while enabling the tunnel support structure to adapt to the early severe deformation of the roof, and having both load-bearing and pressure-yielding properties. In addition, the internal filling of the rigid support body is the waste gangue by-product in the coal mining process. There is no need to transport building materials from the well, the cost investment is low, and it can solve the problem of gangue solid waste disposal in the existing technology, improve the comprehensive utilization level of gangue solid waste resources, reduce the pollution of the atmosphere, surface water, groundwater and soil caused by the accumulation of gangue solid waste, and reduce the risk of accidents such as spontaneous combustion and landslides in underground working faces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a tunnel support structure provided by the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the enclosure provided by the present invention and the first hanging net is shown;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the second hanging net provided by the present invention and the flexible mold bag, the surrounding wall and the first hanging net;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the coordination of the enclosure provided by the present invention with the first hanging net through anchor bolts is shown;

[0025] Figure 5A schematic diagram showing the coordination of the bottom layer of waste rock and the vertical steel bars when filling the enclosure wall provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the bottom layer of waste rock and the through-anchor rod when filling the wall provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the coordination of the waste gangue filled in the enclosure provided by the present invention with the upright steel bars;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the coordination of the fence provided by the present invention with the through-anchor rod after the fence is filled with waste rock;

[0029] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the tunnel support structure provided by the present invention and the through-bolt;

[0030] Fig.10 A schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the tunnel support structure provided by the present invention and the vertical steel bars is shown.

[0031] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0032] 100, tunnel; 200, hydraulic support;

[0033] 10. Rigid support body; 11. Enclosure wall;

[0034] 20. Soft mold bag;

[0035] 31. First hanging net; 32. Second hanging net; 33. Vertical steel bars; 34. Anti-seepage gasket;

[0036] 40. Cross-bolt anchors;

[0037] 50. Anchor bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel support structure, which is arranged on the goaf side of the tunnel 100, and includes a rigid support body 10, a flexible mold bag 20 and a connection structure. The rigid support body 10 has a plurality of walls 11, which extend along the length direction of the tunnel 100 and are arranged at intervals along the width direction, and waste gangue is used to fill and grout the space between two adjacent walls 11. The flexible mold bag 20 is hung below the roof of the tunnel 100 and is arranged corresponding to the rigid support body 10. The bottom of the flexible mold bag 20 abuts against the top of the rigid support body 10, and the flexible mold bag 20 and the rigid support body 10 cooperate to support the tunnel 100. The connection structure is arranged between the rigid support body 10 and the flexible mold bag 20, and the connection structure can connect the rigid support body 10 and the flexible mold bag 20 in the height direction to improve the lateral load capacity of the tunnel support structure.

[0040] Through the above arrangement, the tunnel support structure formed by connecting the rigid support body 10 and the flexible mold bag 20 through the connection structure can be supported between the top and bottom plates of the tunnel 100 to prevent the top plate from falling and ensure safe production. Specifically, when the waste rock filled between the walls 11 is combined with the walls 11 after grouting and bonding, a stable rigid support structure can be formed to provide enhanced support performance. After grouting, the flexible mold bag 20 can adjust its shape with geological changes to disperse the low pressure borne by the tunnel structure. After the rigid support body 10 and the flexible mold bag 20 are combined, they can provide sufficient supporting strength for the tunnel 100, reduce the risk of deformation and damage of the tunnel support structure, and enable the tunnel support structure to adapt to the early severe deformation of the roof, and have both load-bearing and pressure-yielding properties; in addition, the internal filling material of the rigid support body 10 is waste gangue by-products in the coal mining process. There is no need to transport building materials from the well, the cost investment is low, and it can solve the problem of gangue solid waste disposal in the existing technology, improve the level of comprehensive utilization of gangue solid waste resources, reduce the pollution of the atmosphere, surface water, groundwater and soil caused by the accumulation of gangue solid waste, and reduce the risk of accidents such as spontaneous combustion and landslides in underground working faces.

[0041] Specifically, the surrounding wall 11 can be built of coal gangue bricks or fly ash bricks.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, different numbers of the walls 11 can be provided according to the width of the tunnel 100 , such as 2, 3 or 4 walls.

[0043] Specifically in the present application, the connection structure is used to improve the stability of the connection between the rigid support body 10 and the flexible mold bag 20, improve the integrity of the tunnel support structure, and prevent the flexible mold bag 20 and the rigid support body 10 from separating due to lateral relative movement between the top plate and the bottom plate when the tunnel 100 is deformed.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the connection structure includes a first hanging net 31 and a second hanging net 32. The first hanging net 31 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the rigid support body 10 oppositely arranged in the width direction, and the second hanging net 32 ​​is respectively fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the rigid support body 10 oppositely arranged in the width direction and the outer side wall of the flexible mold bag 20 oppositely arranged in the width direction, and the first hanging net 31 and the second hanging net 32 ​​partially overlap. Specifically, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the perimeter wall 11 can be built with perforated bricks, and the first hanging net 31 and the second hanging net 32 ​​can be fixed to the perimeter wall 11 by fasteners such as anchor bolts 50. Through the above arrangement, the first hanging net 31 can ensure the structural stability of the perimeter wall 11, and the second hanging net 32 ​​overlaps with the first hanging net 31, and the flexible mold bag 20, the first hanging net 31 and the perimeter wall 11 can be connected simultaneously through the second hanging net 32 ​​to form a composite connection, thereby improving the stability of the connection structure.

[0045] Further, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, the connection structure includes a plurality of upright steel bars 33 extending in the height direction, and the plurality of upright steel bars 33 are arranged between two adjacent fences 11, and are arranged at intervals along the length direction and the width direction of the tunnel 100, respectively. One end of the upright steel bar 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the tunnel 100, and the other end of the upright steel bar 33 protrudes from the top of the fence 11 and is inserted into the rebar planting hole at the bottom of the flexible mold bag 20. Through the above arrangement, the upright steel bars 33 combined with the waste rock and slurry can improve the overall structural stability of the rigid support body 10, and the upright steel bars 33 help to improve the bending resistance of the rigid support body 10, and can prevent the lateral rupture of the rigid support body 10 when subjected to bending moment; at the same time, the flexible mold bag 20 and the rigid support body 10 can also be connected to further prevent the flexible mold bag 20 from separating from the rigid support body 10.

[0046] Specifically, the connection structure further includes a plurality of anti-seepage gaskets 34, which are arranged one by one with the plurality of upright steel bars 33. The anti-seepage gaskets 34 are sleeved on the upright steel bars 33 and are located between the top surface of the rigid support body 10 and the bottom surface of the flexible mold bag 20. Through the above arrangement, the anti-seepage gaskets 34 can reduce the risk of slurry leakage in the flexible mold bag 20 and ensure the use effect of the flexible mold bag 20.

[0047] In the present application, waste rock is filled on the top surface after grouting and bonding to form a rock bearing surface, and the height of the rock bearing surface is less than the height of the enclosure 11. Through the above arrangement, the flexible mold bag 20 can partially enter between two adjacent enclosures 11, and the two adjacent enclosures 11 can limit the lateral displacement of the flexible mold bag 20 in the lateral direction.

[0048] Specifically, refer to Figures 5 to 10As shown, the tunnel support structure also includes a plurality of through-anchor rods 40, which extend along the width direction of the tunnel 100, and are arranged at intervals along the height direction and the length direction of the tunnel 100, respectively. The through-anchor rods 40 are inserted into the flexible mold bag 20 and the rigid support body 10, and the two ends of the through-anchor rods 40 are respectively fixedly connected to the two side walls of the tunnel support structure that are arranged oppositely along the width direction. Through the above arrangement, the through-anchor rods 40 can respectively connect the two side walls of the flexible mold bag 20 and the rigid support body 10 in the width direction in the transverse direction, thereby preventing the tunnel support structure from being deformed in the transverse direction after being compressed, and further ensuring the supporting performance of the tunnel support structure.

[0049] During construction, the first hanging net 31 and the second hanging net 32 ​​can also be fixedly connected to the surrounding wall 11 and the flexible mold bag 20 respectively through the through-anchor rods 40 .

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present application, a method for constructing a tunnel support structure is also provided. The method is used to construct the above-mentioned tunnel support structure. The method specifically includes:

[0051] Step 1: build a wall 11 in the tunnel 100, and preset a connecting structure on the wall 11; Step 2: use a gangue thrower to throw the waste rock from coal mining into two adjacent walls 11 and inject grout to bond them to form a rigid support body 10; Step 3: hoist a flexible mold bag 20 on the top plate of the tunnel 100, and connect the flexible mold bag 20 and the rigid support body 10 through the connecting structure; Step 4: inject grout into the flexible mold bag 20 and consolidate the slurry in the flexible mold bag 20.

[0052] Through the construction method provided in the present application, it is possible to provide both rigid support and flexible support for the tunnel 100, forming a gangue-flexible mold combined structure tunnel filling body, so that the tunnel filling body has both load-bearing capacity and pressure-yielding capacity. At the same time, by-products of the coal mining process are used for construction, and the construction process is simple and the cost investment is low.

[0053] Specifically, in step 1, presetting the connection structure on the fence 11 specifically includes: fixing the first hanging net 31 on the side wall of the fence 11 by fasteners; in step 3, connecting the flexible mold bag 20 and the rigid support body 10 by the connection structure specifically includes: fixing the second hanging net 32 ​​on the side wall of the flexible mold bag 20, the side wall of the fence 11 and the first hanging net 31 by fasteners. In this way, while the first hanging net 31 improves the structural stability of the fence 11 and the second hanging net 32 ​​improves the structural stability of the flexible mold bag 20, the first hanging net 31 and the second hanging net 32 ​​can be connected, so that the first hanging net 31 and the second hanging net 32 ​​are connected to each other, further improving the performance of the tunnel support structure under lateral loads.

[0054] Specifically, step 2 specifically includes: presetting multiple filling layers along the height direction between two adjacent fences 11, filling waste rock in each filling layer from bottom to top and grouting and bonding, and inserting the through anchor rod 40 into each filling layer. In this way, the through anchor rod 40 can be inserted when the waste rock is filled and not completely solidified, so that the through anchor rod 40 cooperates with the upright steel bar 33 to further improve the connection strength between the multiple filling layers, and further improve the supporting performance of the rigid support body 10.

[0055] Specifically, before step 4, the construction method further includes: step 5: a plurality of hydraulic props 200 are set up in the tunnel 100 at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel 100, and the two ends of the hydraulic props 200 are respectively in contact with the top plate of the tunnel 100 and the bottom plate of the tunnel 100. Through the above arrangement, the hydraulic props 200 can provide temporary support for the tunnel 100 when the slurry in the flexible mold bag 20 is not completely solidified, thereby improving the safety of production.

[0056] For ease of understanding, the following are feasible specific construction steps for the tunnel support structure provided in this application:

[0057] 1. If Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a hole is drilled at the bottom plate of the tunnel 100 corresponding to the tunnel support structure construction position, and a vertical steel bar 33 is inserted into the bottom plate hole. The vertical steel bar 33 can be selected with a diameter of 20 mm. The spacing between multiple vertical steel bars 33 is 0.4 m, the row spacing is 0.6 m, the total length of the vertical steel bars 33 is 4.5 m, and the length inserted into the bottom plate is 1.5 m. A total of 20 vertical steel bars 33 are arranged;

[0058] 2. Using bricks with prefabricated holes and complete bricks, a rectangular brick wall 11 with a length of 3.6 m, a width of 2 m, and a height of 2.5 m is constructed on the goaf side of the tunnel 100, and the upright steel bars 33 are surrounded by the wall 11;

[0059] 3. If Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first hanging net 31 is laid on the surface of the constructed wall 11 by using anchor bolts 50 through prefabricated holes on bricks to strengthen the integrity of the wall 11. The spacing of the anchor bolts 50 is 1m and the row spacing is 1.2m. A total of 6 two-way anchor bolts are arranged on one side of the wall, and a total of 12 two-way anchor bolts are arranged on the two side walls.

[0060] 4. If Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the space formed by the enclosure wall 11 is filled with crushed gangue by an automatic mine dumper and compacted manually, and then the prepared slurry is transported to the space formed by the enclosure wall 11 through a pipeline by a mine grouting pump arranged in the 150m lane of the advanced working face, and the gangue is grout-bonded, and then the wall of the enclosure wall 11 is pre-reinforced by the through-anchor rod 40 through the prefabricated holes on the bricks, and the gangue filling, grouting bonding, and through-anchor rod 40 pre-reinforcement cycle are alternately performed until the difference between the height of the filled gangue and the height of the enclosure wall 11 is reduced to 0.25m, and the through-anchor rod 40 is terminated. The spacing of the through-anchor rods 40 is 1m, the row spacing of the middle and bottom through-anchor rods 40 is 1.2m, the row spacing of the top through-anchor rods is 0.6m, and the nuts of the top through-anchor rods 40 are not completely tightened;

[0061] 5. Use a grouting hose to spray the surface of the filling waste rock, and use a flattening scraper to flatten the slurry surface to ensure that the surface of the waste rock filling body is flat. The wall 11 and the cemented waste rock together form a rigid support body 10. After the slurry solidifies, pass the anti-seepage gasket 34 through each upright steel bar 33. The material of the anti-seepage gasket is 304 stainless steel composite EPDM rubber, with an inner diameter of 23mm, an outer diameter of 36mm, and a thickness of 2mm;

[0062] 6. If Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the flexible formwork bag 20 is hung on the top plate of the tunnel 100 by installing formwork anchor rods, and the corresponding vertical steel bars 33 are passed through the respective anchor holes on the bottom surface of the flexible formwork bag 20, so that the bottom surface of the flexible formwork bag 20 is close to the rigid support body 10, the spacing between the formwork anchor rods is 0.6m, a total of 6 formwork anchor rods are installed on one side of the flexible formwork bag 20, and a total of 12 formwork anchor rods are installed on both sides, and the anchor rod anchoring length is 1.0m. The length of the flexible formwork bag 20 is 3.6m, the width is 2m, and the height is 0.7m;

[0063] 7. Pre-reinforce the flexible mold bag 20 by using the through-anchor rods 40 and the second hanging net 32. Loosen the through-anchor rod nuts, remove the tray, install the second hanging net 32, and then install the tray and tighten the nuts completely, so that the second hanging net 32 ​​is connected to the first hanging net 31. The spacing of the through-anchor rods 40 arranged on the flexible mold bag 20 is 0.6m, and a total of 6 are arranged.

[0064] 8. Arrange a single hydraulic support 200 in the tunnel 100, with a spacing of 0.8 m between the single hydraulic supports. Use a grouting pipeline to inject slurry into the flexible mold bag 20 through the grouting holes on the flexible mold bag 20. After the slurry fills the flexible mold bag 20 and is fully solidified, a tunnel support structure with both load-bearing and pressure-yielding properties is formed.

[0065] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0066] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0068] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0069] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel support structure, characterized in that: The tunnel support structure is arranged on the goaf side of the tunnel (100), and the tunnel support structure comprises: A rigid support body (10) has a plurality of walls (11), wherein the plurality of walls (11) extend along the length direction of the tunnel (100) and are spaced apart along the width direction, and waste rock is used to fill and grout the space between two adjacent walls (11); A flexible mold bag (20) is hung below the top plate of the tunnel (100) and is arranged corresponding to the rigid support body (10), the bottom of the flexible mold bag (20) abuts against the top of the rigid support body (10), and the flexible mold bag (20) and the rigid support body (10) cooperate to support the tunnel (100); A connecting structure is provided between the rigid support body (10) and the flexible mold bag (20), and the connecting structure can connect the rigid support body (10) and the flexible mold bag (20) in a height direction to improve the lateral load capacity of the tunnel support structure.

2. The tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection structure comprises a first hanging net (31) and a second hanging net (32), wherein the first hanging net (31) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the rigid support body (10) arranged opposite to each other in the width direction, and the second hanging net (32) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the rigid support body (10) arranged opposite to each other in the width direction and the outer side wall of the flexible mold bag (20) arranged opposite to each other in the width direction, respectively, and the first hanging net (31) and the second hanging net (32) partially overlap.

3. The tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection structure includes a plurality of upright steel bars (33) extending in the height direction. The plurality of upright steel bars (33) are arranged between two adjacent walls (11) and are spaced apart along the length direction and the width direction of the lane (100). One end of the upright steel bar (33) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the lane (100), and the other end of the upright steel bar (33) protrudes from the top of the wall (11) and is passed through the anchor hole at the bottom of the flexible mold bag (20).

4. The tunnel support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection structure further comprises a plurality of anti-seepage gaskets (34), the plurality of anti-seepage gaskets (34) being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of upright steel bars (33), the anti-seepage gaskets (34) being sleeved on the upright steel bars (33), and being located between the top surface of the rigid support body (10) and the bottom surface of the flexible mold bag (20).

5. The tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste gangue is filled on the top surface after grouting and bonding to form a gangue bearing surface, and the height of the gangue bearing surface is less than the height of the enclosure wall (11).

6. The tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel support structure further comprises a plurality of through-anchor rods (40), the through-anchor rods (40) extending in the width direction of the tunnel (100), the plurality of through-anchor rods (40) being arranged at intervals in the height direction and the length direction of the tunnel (100), the through-anchor rods (40) being passed through the flexible mold bag (20) and the rigid support body (10), and the two ends of the through-anchor rods (40) being fixedly connected to two side walls of the tunnel support structure arranged opposite to each other in the width direction.

7. A method for constructing a tunnel support structure, characterized in that: The construction method is used to construct the tunnel support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the construction method specifically comprises: Step 1: building a wall (11) in the tunnel (100) and pre-setting a connection structure on the wall (11); Step 2: using a gangue thrower to throw the waste rock from the coal mine into the two adjacent walls (11) and grouting and bonding them to form a rigid support body (10); Step three: hoisting a flexible mold bag (20) on the top plate of the tunnel (100), and connecting the flexible mold bag (20) and the rigid support body (10) through the connecting structure; Step 4: injecting slurry into the flexible mold bag (20) and consolidating the slurry in the flexible mold bag (20).

8. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tunnel support structure is the tunnel support structure according to claim 2, wherein: In the step 1, presetting the connection structure on the enclosure (11) specifically includes: fixing the first hanging net (31) on the side wall of the enclosure (11) by fasteners; In the step three, connecting the flexible mold bag (20) and the rigid support body (10) through the connecting structure specifically includes: fixing the second hanging net (32) on the side wall of the flexible mold bag (20), the side wall of the wall (11) and the first hanging net (31) respectively through fasteners.

9. The construction method according to claim 7, wherein: The tunnel support structure is the tunnel support structure according to claim 6, wherein: The second step specifically includes: presetting multiple filling layers along the height direction between two adjacent walls (11), filling each filling layer with waste rock from bottom to top and grouting and bonding, and inserting through anchor rods (40) into each filling layer.

10. The construction method according to claim 7, wherein: Before step 4, the construction method further includes: Step 5: A plurality of hydraulic supports (200) are installed in the tunnel (100) at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel (100), and the two ends of the hydraulic supports (200) are respectively in contact with the top plate and the bottom plate of the tunnel (100).

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