Drilling method, device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present application discloses a drilling method, device and electronic equipment, which belong to the field of geophysical exploration technology. The drilling method provided in the embodiment of the present application first generates a velocity model, determines the predicted depth of the first layer by the velocity model, and performs drilling construction according to the predicted depth of the first layer. Then, the velocity model is corrected according to the actual depth of the first layer encountered by drilling, and the predicted depth of the second layer is determined by the corrected velocity model, and drilling construction is performed according to the predicted depth of the second layer. Then, the velocity model is corrected again according to the actual depth of the second layer encountered by drilling, and the predicted depth of the third layer is determined according to the velocity model after correction. And so on, until the predicted depth of the target point is determined. It can be seen that as the number of layers encountered by drilling gradually increases, the number of times the velocity model is corrected continues to increase, and the predicted depth determined according to the corrected velocity model is closer to the actual depth, and the accuracy of drilling into the target layer is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to a drilling method, device and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Inclined and horizontal wells are currently widely used in oil and gas field exploration and development. Horizontal wells, particularly those with a maximum inclination angle approaching 90°, need to maintain a certain length within the oil and gas formation to effectively increase the contact area between the well and the formation. Within a three-dimensional underground space, the well trajectory can constantly change direction and does not follow a straight line in both plan and cross-section. Therefore, accurately determining the target point, and therefore precisely encountering the oil and gas formation based on the target point, has become a research priority. The target point refers to the point where the horizontal well encounters the oil and gas formation.

[0003] In related technologies, when drilling into an oil and gas reservoir, seismic data is first collected. A well trajectory is then designed based on this data. The predicted depth of the target point is then determined based on the well trajectory, and drilling is then performed according to the predicted depth. However, due to the complex structure of the formations, the pre-designed well trajectory may not match the actual formation structure, causing the actual depth of the target point to differ from the predicted depth, which can lead to inaccurate drilling into the oil and gas reservoir. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a drilling method, apparatus, and electronic equipment that can improve the accuracy of determining the target point position, thereby improving the accuracy of drilling into the target layer. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, a drilling method is provided, comprising:

[0006] Acquire a structural model, wherein the structural model is used to reflect the structural morphology of a stratum within the construction range of the target well in three-dimensional space, wherein the stratum includes multiple horizons;

[0007] constructing a first velocity model based on the structural model, wherein the first velocity model is used to reflect the propagation velocity of seismic waves in the stratum;

[0008] Determining, based on the first velocity model, a first predicted depth when drilling into a first layer in the formation; wherein the first predicted depth is a depth corresponding to the drilling operation of the target well at the current stage;

[0009] Obtaining a first actual depth of the target well when drilling into the first horizon; correcting the first velocity model based on the first actual depth to obtain a second velocity model;

[0010] Determining, based on the second velocity model, a second predicted depth when drilling into a second layer in the formation; wherein the second predicted depth is a depth corresponding to the target well in the next stage of drilling construction;

[0011] Obtaining a second actual depth of the target well when drilling into the second layer; correcting the second velocity model based on the second actual depth to obtain a third velocity model;

[0012] By analogy, the step of correcting the velocity model corresponding to the layer based on the actual depth of the corresponding layer is repeated until a third predicted depth of the target point is obtained; wherein the third predicted depth is the depth corresponding to the target well encountering the target layer, and the target point is the position where the target well encounters the target layer.

[0013] In a possible implementation, determining, based on the first velocity model, a first predicted depth when drilling into a first horizon in the formation includes:

[0014] Based on the structural model, a first attribute model is constructed, wherein the first attribute model is used to reflect the oil and gas characteristics of the formation;

[0015] Based on the first velocity model, converting the first attribute model from the time domain to the depth domain to obtain a second attribute model;

[0016] determining a first trajectory of the target well based on the second attribute model;

[0017] Based on the first trajectory, the first predicted depth is determined.

[0018] In another possible implementation, determining, based on the second velocity model, a second predicted depth when drilling into a second layer in the formation includes:

[0019] Based on the second velocity model, re-converting the first attribute model from the time domain to the depth domain to obtain a third attribute model;

[0020] determining a second trajectory of the target well based on the third attribute model;

[0021] Based on the second trajectory, the second predicted depth is determined.

[0022] In another possible implementation, constructing a first velocity model based on the construction model includes:

[0023] constructing an initial velocity model based on the structural model;

[0024] Acquire actual layer data of multiple constructed wells within the construction range of the target well;

[0025] Determining a first time-depth relationship curve of the plurality of constructed wells based on actual layer data of the plurality of constructed wells; wherein the first time-depth relationship curve is used to reflect the relationship between the actual depth of the constructed wells and time;

[0026] The initial velocity model is corrected based on the first time-depth relationship curves of the multiple constructed wells to obtain the first velocity model.

[0027] In another possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0028] Obtaining theoretical horizon data of the plurality of constructed wells;

[0029] Determining the degree of matching between the theoretical horizon data and the actual horizon data;

[0030] When the matching degree is not greater than a preset threshold, the step of determining first time-depth relationship curves of the plurality of constructed wells based on actual layer data of the plurality of constructed wells is performed.

[0031] In another possible implementation, obtaining the construction model includes:

[0032] constructing an initial model based on the construction scope of the target well;

[0033] Acquiring theoretical fault data and theoretical layer data within the construction range of the target well;

[0034] Based on the theoretical fault data, constructing a cross-section model on the basis of the initial model;

[0035] Based on the theoretical horizon data, constructing a layer model on the basis of the cross-section model;

[0036] The stratigraphic planes and fault planes in the stratigraphic model are connected to form the structural model.

[0037] In another possible implementation, constructing a cross-section model based on the theoretical fault data and the initial model includes:

[0038] Based on the theoretical fault data, generating multiple fault planes on the basis of the initial model;

[0039] For a first fault plane and a second fault plane, determining a first area of ​​the first fault plane and a second area of ​​the second fault plane; wherein the first fault plane and the second fault plane are intersecting fault planes among the plurality of fault planes;

[0040] determining a relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane based on the first area and the second area;

[0041] The cross-section model is constructed based on the relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane.

[0042] In another possible implementation, determining the relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane based on the first area and the second area includes:

[0043] If the area difference between the first area and the second area is within a preset range, determining that the first fault plane and the second fault plane are in a parallel relationship;

[0044] If the area difference is not within the preset range, it is determined that the first fault plane and the second fault plane are in a subordinate relationship.

[0045] In another aspect, a drilling apparatus is provided, comprising:

[0046] A first acquisition module is used to acquire a structural model, wherein the structural model is used to reflect the structural morphology of the stratum within the construction range of the target well in three-dimensional space, wherein the stratum includes multiple layers;

[0047] A first construction module is configured to construct a first velocity model based on the structural model, wherein the first velocity model is configured to reflect the propagation velocity of seismic waves in the stratum;

[0048] a first determining module, configured to determine, based on the first velocity model, a first predicted depth when a first layer is encountered in the formation; wherein the first predicted depth is a depth corresponding to the drilling operation of the target well at the current stage;

[0049] a first correction module, configured to obtain a first actual depth of the target well when drilling into the first layer; and to correct the first velocity model based on the first actual depth to obtain a second velocity model;

[0050] a second determination module, configured to determine, based on the second velocity model, a second predicted depth when a second layer is encountered in the formation; wherein the second predicted depth is a depth corresponding to the drilling operation of the target well in the next stage;

[0051] The second correction module is used to obtain the second actual depth of the target well when drilling into the second layer; based on the second actual depth, the second velocity model is corrected to obtain a third velocity model; and so on, the step of correcting the velocity model corresponding to the layer based on the actual depth of the corresponding layer is repeated until a third predicted depth of the target entry point is obtained; wherein the third predicted depth is the depth corresponding to the target well encountering the target layer, and the target entry point is the position where the target well encounters the target layer.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the first determination module is configured to construct a first attribute model based on the structural model, where the first attribute model is used to reflect the oil and gas characteristics of the formation; based on the first velocity model, the first attribute model is converted from the time domain to the depth domain to obtain a second attribute model; based on the second attribute model, the first trajectory of the target well is determined; and based on the first trajectory, the first predicted depth is determined.

[0053] In another possible implementation, the second determination module is configured to reconvert the first attribute model from the time domain to the depth domain based on the second velocity model to obtain a third attribute model; determine the second trajectory of the target well based on the third attribute model; and determine the second predicted depth based on the second trajectory.

[0054] In another possible implementation, the first construction module is configured to construct an initial velocity model based on the structural model; obtain actual horizon data of multiple constructed wells within the construction range of the target well; determine first time-depth relationship curves of the multiple constructed wells based on the actual horizon data of the multiple constructed wells; wherein the first time-depth relationship curve is configured to reflect the relationship between the actual depths of the constructed wells and time; and calibrate the initial velocity model based on the first time-depth relationship curves of the multiple constructed wells to obtain the first velocity model.

[0055] In another possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:

[0056] A second acquisition module is used to acquire theoretical layer data of the plurality of constructed wells;

[0057] A third determination module is used to determine the matching degree between the theoretical horizon data and the actual horizon data;

[0058] The first construction module is further configured to determine, when the matching degree is not greater than a preset threshold, a first time-depth relationship curve of the plurality of constructed wells based on actual layer data of the plurality of constructed wells.

[0059] In another possible implementation, the first acquisition module is used to construct an initial model based on the construction range of the target well; obtain theoretical fault data and theoretical layer data within the construction range of the target well; construct a section model based on the initial model based on the theoretical fault data; construct a layer model based on the section model based on the theoretical layer data; and connect the layer planes and fault planes in the layer model to form the structural model.

[0060] In another possible implementation, the first acquisition module is used to generate multiple fault planes based on the theoretical fault data and on the basis of the initial model; for the first fault plane and the second fault plane, determine the first area of ​​the first fault plane and the second area of ​​the second fault plane; wherein, the first fault plane and the second fault plane are fault planes that intersect among the multiple fault planes; based on the first area and the second area, determine the relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane; based on the relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane, construct the cross-sectional model.

[0061] In another possible implementation, the first acquisition module is used to determine that the first fault plane and the second fault plane are in a parallel relationship if the area difference between the first area and the second area is within a preset range; if the area difference is not within the preset range, determine that the first fault plane and the second fault plane are in a subordinate relationship.

[0062] On the other hand, an electronic device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processor to implement any of the above-mentioned drilling methods.

[0063] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which at least one program code is stored. The at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement any of the above-mentioned drilling methods.

[0064] On the other hand, a computer program product is provided, wherein at least one program code is stored in the computer program product, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement any of the above-mentioned drilling methods.

[0065] An embodiment of the present application provides a drilling method, which first generates a velocity model, then determines the predicted depth of the first layer through the velocity model, and performs drilling construction according to the predicted depth of the first layer. When drilling into the first layer, the velocity model is corrected according to the actual depth of the first layer, and the predicted depth of the second layer is determined by the corrected velocity model, and drilling construction is performed according to the predicted depth of the second layer. When drilling into the second layer, the velocity model is corrected again according to the actual depth of the second layer, and the predicted depth of the third layer is determined according to the corrected velocity model. And so on, until the predicted depth of the entry and exit points is determined. It can be seen that as the number of layers encountered by drilling gradually increases, the number of times the velocity model is corrected continues to increase, and the predicted depth determined according to the corrected velocity model is closer to the actual depth. Therefore, the position of the determined entry point is more accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of drilling into the target layer.

[0066] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment of a drilling method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a drilling method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 3 This is a seismic interpretation profile provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a construction model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram before and after the velocity model correction provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional stereogram of an attribute model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of determining the predicted depth of the target point provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application are described in further detail below.

[0077] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0078] It should be noted that the information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, storage, and display, etc.), and signals involved in this application are all authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the relevant countries and regions. For example, the stratigraphic data and fault data involved in this application were obtained with full authorization.

[0079] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment of a drilling method provided in an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 1 The implementation environment includes: an electronic device, which can be provided as a terminal 101, or can be provided as a terminal 101 and a server 102, without specific limitation.

[0080] If the electronic device is provided as the terminal 101 and a target application is installed on the terminal 101, the user can log in to the target application and then determine the predicted depth of the target point using the method provided in this application.

[0081] If the electronic device is provided as a terminal 101 and a server 102, the terminal 101 and the server 102 can be connected via a wireless or wired network. Accordingly, the terminal 101 has a target application installed, and the server 102 is the server 102 corresponding to the target application. When the user uses the target application to determine the predicted depth of the target point, the server 102 provides background services. In the embodiments of the present application, only the electronic device provided as a terminal 101 is used as an example for description.

[0082] The terminal 101 is at least one of a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a PC (Personal Computer), an intelligent voice interaction device, and an in-vehicle terminal. The server 102 is at least one of a single server, a server cluster consisting of multiple servers, a cloud server, a cloud computing platform, and a virtualization center.

[0083] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a drilling method provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is executed by an electronic device. Figure 2 , the method comprising:

[0084] Step 201: The electronic device obtains a structural model.

[0085] The structural model is used to reflect the structural morphology of the stratum within the construction range of the target well in three-dimensional space, and the stratum includes multiple layers.

[0086] See also Figure 3 The sample area is located in a horizontal well construction area in the Bohai Bay Basin. The target layer is located in Figure 3 At the bottom of the profile, sandstone tight gas is enriched and accumulated, and above the reservoir, extensional structural deformation develops, forming normal faults of varying sizes, which increases the difficulty of drilling design and construction. Figure 3 As can be seen from the figure, the well trajectory passes through three horizons before entering the target formation: Tp1, Tp, and Ts, from shallow to deep. Because faults significantly affect formation velocity, establishing an accurate 3D structural model is crucial before drilling to clearly understand formation velocity variations and accurately predict the depth of the target formation while also mitigating potential risks posed by faults.

[0087] In the embodiment of the present application, the process of establishing the construction model can be implemented by the following steps (1) to (5), including:

[0088] (1) The electronic equipment builds an initial model based on the construction range of the target well.

[0089] The electronic equipment first determines the horizontal range and vertical depth of the initial model based on the construction scope of the target well to avoid wasting resources due to excessive modeling space. Then, based on the horizontal range and vertical depth, the initial 3D model is constructed.

[0090] (2) The electronic equipment obtains theoretical fault data and theoretical layer data within the construction range of the target well.

[0091] The electronic device may obtain theoretical fault data and theoretical layer data input by a user, or may obtain theoretical fault data and theoretical layer data sent by other devices, and this is not specifically limited.

[0092] After obtaining the theoretical fault data and the theoretical horizon data, the electronic device can detect whether there is abnormal data in the theoretical fault data and the theoretical horizon data. If there is abnormal data, the abnormal data is removed and then step (3) is executed.

[0093] (3) The electronic device constructs a cross-sectional model based on the initial model based on the theoretical fault data.

[0094] This step can be achieved by following the steps (3-1) to (3-4), including:

[0095] (3-1) The electronic device generates multiple fault planes based on the initial model based on the theoretical fault data.

[0096] The theoretical fault data includes theoretical fault data of multiple position points. The electronic device connects the theoretical fault data of multiple position points based on the initial model to generate multiple fault lines, and then connects the multiple fault lines to obtain multiple fault planes.

[0097] After the electronic device generates multiple fault planes, the multiple fault planes can be meshed, which makes it easier to adjust the shape.

[0098] Due to structural deformation in the horizontal well drilling area, multiple fault planes may intersect. For intersecting fault planes, perform steps (3-2) through (3-4) below. Independent fault planes do not affect each other and are displayed independently.

[0099] (3-2) For the first fault plane and the second fault plane, the electronic device determines a first area of ​​the first fault plane and a second area of ​​the second fault plane.

[0100] The first fault plane and the second fault plane are any two fault planes intersecting with each other among the multiple fault planes.

[0101] The electronic device can input the coordinates of each endpoint on the boundary of the first fault plane into the objective function to obtain the first area of ​​the first fault plane, and input the coordinates of each endpoint on the boundary of the second fault plane into the objective function to obtain the second area of ​​the second fault plane.

[0102] Of course, the electronic device may also determine the first area and the second area in other ways, which are not specifically limited.

[0103] (3-3) The electronic device determines the relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane based on the first area and the second area.

[0104] After determining the first area and the second area, the electronic device determines an area difference between the first area and the second area. If the area difference is within a preset range, the first fault plane and the second fault plane are determined to be in a parallel relationship; if the area difference is not within the preset range, the first fault plane and the second fault plane are determined to be in a subordinate relationship.

[0105] (3-4) The electronic device constructs a cross-sectional model based on the relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane.

[0106] If the first and second fault planes are in a parallel relationship, they will not affect each other and will be displayed independently. If the first and second fault planes are in a subordinate relationship and the first area is smaller than the second area, the first fault plane will be truncated by the second fault plane. If the first and second fault planes are in a subordinate relationship and the second area is smaller than the first area, the second fault plane will be truncated by the first fault plane. In other words, if two fault planes are in a subordinate relationship, the smaller fault plane will be truncated by the larger fault plane.

[0107] The electronic device forms a cross-sectional model based on the initial model based on the relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane and other fault planes that do not intersect.

[0108] (4) The electronic equipment constructs a layer model based on the theoretical layer data and the cross-section model.

[0109] The theoretical layer data includes theoretical layer data of multiple position points. The electronic device connects the theoretical layer data of multiple position points based on the cross-section model to generate multiple layer lines, and then connects the multiple layer lines to obtain multiple layer planes.

[0110] After the electronic device obtains multiple layer planes, it can also grid the multiple layer planes. Based on the gridded layer planes, it determines whether there is any intersection between the multiple layer planes and the multiple fault planes. If there is an intersection, the electronic device determines whether the intersection line between the intersecting layer planes and the fault plane meets the preset conditions. If the preset conditions are met, no adjustment is required. If the preset conditions are not met, the layer plane is adjusted according to the trend of the layer plane so that the layer plane overlaps the fault plane, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the layer model.

[0111] The preset conditions may include whether the intersection line is smooth, whether the intersection line position is correct, etc., which are not specifically limited.

[0112] (5) Electronic equipment connects the layer planes and fault planes in the layer model to form a structural model.

[0113] Based on the layer model, the electronic equipment connects the layer planes and fault planes to generate a stratigraphic volume surrounded by adjacent layer planes, fault planes and model boundaries, thereby obtaining a structural model and establishing a framework for the subsequent attribute model. The structural model generated by this application can display a cross section at any position inside to observe the fault distribution characteristics and layer undulation. Figure 4 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a construction model.

[0114] In view of the severe structural deformation in the work area and the fact that previous drilling designs mainly relied on two-dimensional maps such as geological profiles, which made it difficult to intuitively and comprehensively display complex geological structures and target locations, this application relies on three-dimensional complex geological modeling. In a three-dimensional visualization space, various information such as layer data, fault data, structural models, and well data can be comprehensively displayed in a three-dimensional scene. The layer data and fault data interpreted by the user, that is, theoretical layer data and theoretical fault data, can also be displayed in three-dimensional space. Seismic data can also be displayed on the layer surface or profile, or surface data can be displayed based on actual coordinate information. It can be seen that the structural model constructed by this application has special advantages in displaying structural deformation characteristics, stratigraphic distribution trends, and three-dimensional reservoir morphology.

[0115] Step 202: The electronic device constructs a first velocity model based on the construction model.

[0116] The first velocity model is used to reflect the propagation velocity of seismic waves in the stratum.

[0117] This step can be achieved by following the steps (1) to (4), including:

[0118] (1) The electronic device constructs an initial velocity model based on the construction model.

[0119] The electronic device obtains the second time-depth relationship curve of multiple constructed wells within the construction range of the target well. The second time-depth relationship curve is used to reflect the change relationship between the theoretical depth of the constructed wells and time, and is obtained through well logging before drilling construction.

[0120] Based on the constructed model and subject to the constraints of theoretical horizon data within the target well's construction range, the electronic device interpolates the second time-depth relationship curves of multiple constructed wells and extrapolates them according to the trend of the horizon surface to obtain the first time-depth relationship model corresponding to the target well's construction range. Based on the relationship between time, depth, and velocity, this first time-depth relationship model is converted to obtain the initial velocity model. The relationship between time, depth, and velocity is: depth = 1 / 2 time * velocity.

[0121] (2) The electronic equipment obtains the actual layer data of multiple constructed wells within the construction range of the target well.

[0122] The actual layer data of the multiple constructed wells is obtained during the actual drilling process. The electronic device can obtain the actual layer data of the multiple constructed wells input by the user or transmitted by other devices, without specific limitation.

[0123] In the embodiment of the present application, after the electronic device obtains the actual horizon data of the plurality of constructed wells, it can directly execute step (3), or it can obtain the theoretical horizon data of the plurality of constructed wells, and then determine the matching degree between the theoretical horizon data of the plurality of constructed wells and the actual horizon data. When the matching degree is not greater than a preset threshold, step (3) is executed. The theoretical horizon data of the plurality of constructed wells is obtained before drilling.

[0124] The electronic device can determine the degree of matching between the theoretical horizon data and the actual horizon data of each constructed well, obtaining a plurality of matching degrees. The electronic device determines an average value of the plurality of matching degrees, and if the average value of the plurality of matching degrees is not greater than a preset threshold, step (3) is executed.

[0125] Alternatively, the electronic device may further determine a matching degree greater than a preset threshold among a plurality of matching degrees, count the number of matching degrees greater than the preset threshold, and obtain a first number; determine a ratio of the first number to the total number, and if the ratio is not greater than the preset ratio, perform step (3). The total number is the number of the plurality of constructed wells.

[0126] (3) The electronic device determines the first time-depth relationship curves of the plurality of constructed wells based on the actual layer data of the plurality of constructed wells.

[0127] For each constructed well, the electronic equipment determines the actual depth of each layer based on the actual layer data of the constructed well, and determines the first time-depth relationship curve of the constructed well based on the actual depth of each layer and the time when the seismic wave reaches each layer. The first time-depth relationship curve is used to reflect the change relationship between the actual depth of the constructed well and time.

[0128] (4) The electronic device corrects the initial velocity model based on the first time-depth relationship curves of the plurality of constructed wells to obtain a first velocity model.

[0129] Under the constraint of actual layer data of multiple constructed wells, the electronic device interpolates based on the first time-depth relationship curves of the multiple constructed wells to obtain a second time-depth relationship model.

[0130] The electronic device may convert the second time-depth relationship model based on the relationship between time, depth, and speed to obtain a converted velocity model, determine portions of the converted velocity model that are inconsistent with the initial velocity model, and adjust the inconsistent portions based on the initial velocity model based on the converted velocity model to obtain a first velocity model.

[0131] Alternatively, the electronic device may directly use the converted velocity model as the first velocity model.

[0132] Alternatively, the electronic device may determine portions of the second time-depth relationship model that are inconsistent with the first time-depth relationship model, and adjust the inconsistent portions based on the second time-depth relationship model and the first time-depth relationship model to obtain an adjusted time-depth relationship model. Based on the relationship between time, depth, and speed, the adjusted time-depth relationship model is converted to obtain the first speed model.

[0133] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of the velocity model before and after correction. Figure 5 The upper figure is the velocity model before correction, and the lower figure is the velocity model after correction. Figure 5 It can be seen from the figure that the corrected velocity model can better reflect the stratum morphology.

[0134] Step 203: The electronic device determines a first predicted depth when drilling into a first layer in the formation based on the first velocity model.

[0135] This step can be achieved by following the steps (1) to (4), including:

[0136] (1) The electronic device constructs a first attribute model based on the construction model.

[0137] The first attribute model is used to reflect the oil and gas characteristics of the formation.

[0138] Electronic equipment acquires logging curves corresponding to the oil and gas saturation of multiple wells within the target well construction range. Based on the constructed model, these logging curves are interpolated to generate a first attribute model. This first attribute model reflects the underground oil and gas characteristics and provides a reference for later well trajectory selection and target entry point determination.

[0139] In embodiments of the present application, the electronic device can also construct other attribute models reflecting subsurface lithology and physical properties based on well logging curves of different attributes, providing a reference for later evaluation of drilling geological characteristics. For example, an impedance attribute model can be constructed based on well logging curves corresponding to wave impedance; a porosity attribute model can be constructed based on well logging curves corresponding to porosity; and a permeability attribute model can be constructed based on well logging curves corresponding to permeability.

[0140] It should be noted that the electronic device can construct the first attribute model after obtaining the construction model, after obtaining the first velocity model, or when constructing the initial velocity model. In the embodiments of the present application, the timing of when the electronic device constructs the first attribute model is not specifically limited.

[0141] In the modeling process of this application, the structural interpretation data including fault data and stratigraphic data are the "skeleton" for the establishment of the structural model. In a three-dimensional scene, it is convenient to comprehensively and intuitively observe and verify the rationality of the structural interpretation data, check and update the data at any time, and quickly generate fault planes and stratigraphic planes based on the structural interpretation data. Relying on the above data, structural models and attribute models under various complex backgrounds are quickly established to comprehensively and intuitively display the well trajectory and the surrounding geological background, which is convenient for quality control during the drilling process. Therefore, pre-drilling geological evaluation, well trajectory design and real-time drilling correction based on three-dimensional structural models and attribute models can make drilling design and correction more convenient and rapid, and realize visual monitoring of these three important links, solve the problems of closed and single information and inconvenient use in the drilling design process, minimize drilling failures caused by insufficient information or analysis, and effectively improve the drilling success rate of complex geological targets.

[0142] (2) The electronic device converts the first attribute model from the time domain to the depth domain based on the first velocity model to obtain a second attribute model.

[0143] The first attribute model is a model in the time domain, and the first velocity model is a model in the depth domain. The electronic device converts the first attribute model from the time domain to the depth domain based on the first velocity model and the relationship between time, depth and velocity to obtain the second attribute model.

[0144] (3) The electronic device determines a first trajectory of the target well based on the second attribute model.

[0145] for Figure 3 In the example area shown, the vertical thickness of the tight gas development zone is less than 20 meters. The target layer is relatively thin, resulting in a less distinct seismic response. Furthermore, horizontal wells must avoid faults as they approach the target layer, making well trajectory design challenging. Designing a well trajectory based on a 3D model, taking into account the structural, reservoir, and oil and gas reservoir distribution characteristics reflected in the attribute model and incorporating drilling requirements, provides precise guidance for drilling operations.

[0146] In an embodiment of the present application, the electronic device determines the initial trajectory of the target well in the second attribute model based on the fault distribution and target layer position reflected by the second attribute model, determines the location of the favorable oil and gas zone and the extension direction of the horizontal well through the reservoir sensitive attributes, and combines the drilling construction requirements, especially avoiding the faults above the reservoir. Finally, the complete form of the initial trajectory is comprehensively and intuitively viewed in the three-dimensional second attribute model, and adjustments are made to unreasonable places to obtain the first trajectory.

[0147] In an embodiment of the present application, based on the stratigraphic data, fault data and well data, an initial model, a cross-sectional model, a layer model and a structural model are sequentially created during the modeling process. Under the framework constraints of the structural model, a velocity model and an attribute model are generated by interpolating the logging curves, and the three-dimensional design of the well trajectory is realized within the attribute model.

[0148] See also Figure 6 In the attribute model, the target layer in the example area is distributed in a nearly horizontal direction, and tight gas is enriched and accumulated. The well trajectory is vertically downward at the top, and after approaching the target layer, it enters the horizontal section along the layer.

[0149] (4) The electronic device determines a first predicted depth based on the first trajectory.

[0150] The first predicted depth is the depth corresponding to the drilling operation of the target well at the current stage.

[0151] Because the second attribute model is a depth-domain model, it can display the predicted depth of each layer. Based on the first trajectory, the electronic device determines a first predicted depth for the first layer from the second attribute model. Drilling personnel can then perform drilling based on the first trajectory and the first predicted depth.

[0152] In an embodiment of the present application, the electronic device can also determine the predicted depth of each remaining layer and the predicted depth of the target point on the second attribute model based on the first trajectory, providing an approximate range for drilling construction.

[0153] Step 204: The electronic device obtains a first actual depth of the target well when drilling into the first layer.

[0154] The electronic device obtains an input of a first actual depth when drilling into a first layer during a drilling operation based on the first trajectory and the first predicted depth.

[0155] The electronic device may determine an error between the first actual depth and the first predicted depth, and use the error as a reference for the magnitude of the correction amount.

[0156] Step 205: The electronic device corrects the first velocity model based on the first actual depth to obtain a second velocity model.

[0157] The electronic device determines a third time-depth relationship curve of the target well from the wellhead position to the first horizon based on the first actual depth and the time when the seismic wave reaches the first horizon. Based on the third time-depth relationship curve and the relationship between time, depth and velocity, the electronic device corrects the position of the target well in the first velocity model to obtain a second velocity model.

[0158] Step 206: The electronic device determines a second predicted depth when drilling into a second layer in the formation based on the second velocity model.

[0159] The second predicted depth is the depth to which the target well will be drilled in the next stage.

[0160] Based on the second velocity model, the electronic device reconverts the first attribute model from the time domain to the depth domain to obtain a third attribute model; and based on the third attribute model, determines the second trajectory of the target well. The process of the electronic device determining the conversion of the first attribute model and the process of determining the second trajectory based on the converted third attribute model are similar to steps (2) and (3) in step 203, respectively, and are not further described here.

[0161] The electronic device determines a second predicted depth based on the second trajectory. The process is as follows: the electronic device determines a second predicted depth of the second layer based on the second trajectory based on the third attribute model, and then the construction personnel continue drilling construction based on the second trajectory and the second predicted depth.

[0162] The electronic device can also determine the predicted depths of the remaining layers and the predicted depth of the target point based on the second trajectory and the third attribute model, providing an approximate range for drilling construction.

[0163] Step 207: The electronic device obtains a second actual depth of the target well when drilling into a second layer.

[0164] The electronic device obtains a second actual depth when drilling into a second layer during drilling based on the second trajectory and the second predicted depth. Furthermore, the electronic device may also determine an error between the second actual depth and the second predicted depth.

[0165] Step 208: The electronic device corrects the second velocity model based on the second actual depth to obtain a third velocity model; and so on, repeatedly performing the step of correcting the velocity model corresponding to the corresponding layer based on the actual depth of the corresponding layer until the third predicted depth of the target point is obtained.

[0166] The target well is used to drill into the target layer based on the third predicted depth, and the target entry point is the position where the target well drills into the target layer.

[0167] The electronic device determines a fourth time-depth relationship curve of the target well from the wellhead position to the second horizon based on the second actual depth and the time when the seismic wave reaches the second horizon. Based on the fourth time-depth relationship curve and the relationship between time, depth and velocity, the electronic device corrects the position of the target well in the second velocity model to obtain a third velocity model.

[0168] Based on the third velocity model, the electronic equipment determines a fourth predicted depth when drilling into a third layer in the formation. The operator then continues drilling based on the fourth predicted depth, obtaining a third actual depth of the target well when drilling into the third layer. Based on the third actual depth, the operator corrects the third velocity model to obtain a fourth velocity model. The process of correcting the velocity model for each layer based on its actual depth is repeated until the third predicted depth of the target point is reached.

[0169] Among them, when the electronic device determines the fourth predicted depth, it can also determine the predicted depths of the remaining layers and the predicted depth of the target point, and after obtaining the third actual depth, it can determine the error between the third actual depth and the fourth predicted depth. Therefore, it can be seen that when the electronic device determines the predicted depth of each layer, it can also determine the predicted depths of the remaining layers and the predicted depth of the target point, and after obtaining the actual depth of each layer, it can determine the error between the actual depth of the layer and the predicted depth. In addition, the electronic device can also determine the error between the initial predicted depth of each layer and the actual depth, and the initial predicted depth is obtained based on the first velocity model.

[0170] Table 1

[0171]

[0172] Continuing to use the example area as an example, see Table 1. In Table 1, the first column from top to bottom is the layers and target points from shallow to deep, the second column is the initial predicted depth of each layer and target point determined by the first velocity model, the third column is the actual depth of the first layer and the predicted depths of the remaining layers and target points determined by the second velocity model, the fourth column is the actual depth of the first layer, the actual depth of the second layer, and the predicted depth of the third layer and target point determined by the third velocity model, the fifth column is the actual depth of the first layer, the actual depth of the second layer, the actual depth of the third layer, and the predicted depth of the target point, the sixth column is the actual depth of each layer and target point, the seventh column is the error between the initial predicted depth and the actual depth of each layer and target point determined by the first velocity model, and the eighth column is the error between the predicted depth and the actual depth of each layer and target point determined by the corrected velocity model.

[0173] Table 1 shows that the error between the initial predicted depths and the actual depths of each layer, as determined by the first velocity model, is large. However, the error between the predicted depths and the actual depths of each layer, as determined by the continuously corrected velocity model, is smaller and decreases continuously, forming an "inverted triangle" arrangement. Furthermore, the last column in Table 1 shows that the error between the predicted depths and the actual depths of each layer, as determined by the continuously corrected velocity model, decreases continuously, gradually approaching the true depth. This can be determined based on the error between the predicted and actual depths at the target entry point. The predicted depth at the target entry point, as determined by the corrected velocity model, is 5392.92 meters, while the actual depth is 5390.16 meters, a difference of only 2.76 meters.

[0174] The following will be combined Figure 7 The method provided in this application is described. Figure 7 The electronic equipment performs 3D modeling based on the layer and fault data to obtain a structural model. It then establishes an initial velocity model based on the structural model, calibrates the initial velocity model, and performs time-depth conversion on the attribute model based on the calibrated velocity model. Based on the converted attribute model, the well trajectory is designed and the predicted depth is determined. Drilling is then performed based on the well trajectory and predicted depth. The velocity model is calibrated based on the actual depth of the layer encountered during drilling. This process is repeated until the predicted depth of the target point is determined.

[0175] This application realizes real-time correction of drilling in a three-dimensional model by creating an "inverted triangle layer-by-layer approximation method". The construction well continuously encounters new layers, and the actual depth of the newly encountered layers is used to correct the current velocity model. The corrected velocity model is then used to update the attribute model, and the depth of the undrilled layers and the target point is re-predicted to guide subsequent drilling construction. As the number of layers encountered gradually increases, the number of times the velocity model is corrected continues to increase, and the re-obtained predicted depth becomes closer to the actual depth. In actual applications, this method is used to quickly update the trajectory of the well under construction in the constructed three-dimensional model, and during the drilling process, the actual depth of the on-site layer is automatically compared with the predicted depth. The attribute model is converted into time and depth through the velocity model, and the attribute model in the depth domain is quickly updated, thereby updating the predicted depth of the undrilled layers and the predicted depth of the target point.

[0176] The method provided in this application can continuously approximate the real underground model, providing a more intuitive and reliable basis for oil and gas geological evaluation. At the same time, the actual drilling trajectory is added to the model for display, showing the existing location information of the construction well and planning the next drilling direction.

[0177] In addition, drilling construction parameters can be added to the structural model to establish a drilling construction model, and the drilling construction model can be updated according to the actual drilling construction parameters to restore the true underground geological conditions, predict high-risk areas, adjust the drilling plan in real time, and avoid drilling risks as much as possible.

[0178] An embodiment of the present application provides a drilling method, which first generates a velocity model, then determines the predicted depth of the first layer through the velocity model, and performs drilling construction according to the predicted depth of the first layer. When drilling into the first layer, the velocity model is corrected according to the actual depth of the first layer, and the predicted depth of the second layer is determined by the corrected velocity model, and drilling construction is performed according to the predicted depth of the second layer. When drilling into the second layer, the velocity model is corrected again according to the actual depth of the second layer, and the predicted depth of the third layer is determined according to the corrected velocity model. And so on, until the predicted depth of the entry and exit points is determined. It can be seen that as the number of layers encountered by drilling gradually increases, the number of times the velocity model is corrected continues to increase, and the predicted depth determined according to the corrected velocity model is closer to the actual depth. Therefore, the position of the determined entry point is more accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of drilling into the target layer.

[0179] Compared to previous methods, the method proposed in this application facilitates efficient and accurate pre-drilling geological evaluation, well trajectory design, and real-time drilling corrections. Testing has shown an error rate of less than 0.2% in predicted target depth, significantly reducing time and increasing efficiency fivefold. This method helps break the monopoly of foreign technology and has achieved promising results in the Sichuan and Ordos Basins.

[0180] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a drilling device provided in an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 8 , the device comprises:

[0181] The first acquisition module 801 is used to acquire a structural model. The structural model is used to reflect the structural morphology of the stratum within the construction range of the target well in three-dimensional space. The stratum includes multiple layers.

[0182] A first construction module 802 is configured to construct a first velocity model based on the structural model, wherein the first velocity model is configured to reflect the propagation velocity of seismic waves in the stratum;

[0183] The first determination module 803 is configured to determine, based on the first velocity model, a first predicted depth when drilling into a first layer in the formation; wherein the first predicted depth is a depth corresponding to the target well during the current drilling phase;

[0184] The first correction module 804 is used to obtain a first actual depth when drilling into a first layer during the actual drilling process; based on the first actual depth, the first velocity model is corrected to obtain a second velocity model;

[0185] The second determination module 805 is configured to determine a second predicted depth when drilling into a second layer in the formation based on the second velocity model; wherein the second predicted depth is the depth corresponding to the target well in the next stage of drilling operation;

[0186] The second correction module 806 is used to obtain the second actual depth when the second layer is encountered during the actual drilling process; based on the second actual depth, the second velocity model is corrected to obtain a third velocity model; and so on, the step of correcting the velocity model corresponding to the layer based on the actual depth of the corresponding layer is repeated until a third predicted depth of the target point is obtained; wherein the third predicted depth is the depth corresponding to the target well encountering the target layer, and the target point is the position where the target well encounters the target layer.

[0187] In one possible implementation, the first determination module 803 is used to construct a first attribute model based on the structural model, where the first attribute model is used to reflect the oil and gas characteristics of the formation; based on the first velocity model, the first attribute model is converted from the time domain to the depth domain to obtain a second attribute model; based on the second attribute model, a first trajectory of the target well is determined; and based on the first trajectory, a first predicted depth is determined.

[0188] In another possible implementation, the second determination module 805 is configured to reconvert the first attribute model from the time domain to the depth domain based on the second velocity model to obtain a third attribute model; determine a second trajectory of the target well based on the third attribute model; and determine a second predicted depth based on the second trajectory.

[0189] In another possible implementation, the first construction module 802 is configured to construct an initial velocity model based on the structural model; obtain actual stratum data of multiple constructed wells within the construction range of the target well; determine first time-depth relationship curves of the multiple constructed wells based on the actual stratum data of the multiple constructed wells; wherein the first time-depth relationship curve is configured to reflect the relationship between the actual depths of the constructed wells and time; and calibrate the initial velocity model based on the first time-depth relationship curves of the multiple constructed wells to obtain a first velocity model.

[0190] In another possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:

[0191] The second acquisition module is used to obtain theoretical layer data of multiple constructed wells;

[0192] The third determination module is used to determine the matching degree between the theoretical layer data and the actual layer data;

[0193] The first construction module 802 is further configured to determine a first time-depth relationship curve of the plurality of constructed wells based on actual layer data of the plurality of constructed wells when the matching degree is not greater than a preset threshold.

[0194] In another possible implementation, the first acquisition module 801 is used to construct an initial model based on the construction range of the target well; obtain theoretical fault data and theoretical stratigraphic data within the construction range of the target well; construct a cross-sectional model based on the initial model based on the theoretical fault data; construct a layer model based on the cross-sectional model based on the theoretical layer data; and connect the layer planes and fault planes in the layer model to form a structural model.

[0195] In another possible implementation, the first acquisition module 801 is used to generate multiple fault planes based on the initial model based on theoretical fault data; for the first fault plane and the second fault plane, determine the first area of ​​the first fault plane and the second area of ​​the second fault plane; wherein the first fault plane and the second fault plane are fault planes that intersect among the multiple fault planes; based on the first area and the second area, determine the relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane; based on the relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane, construct a cross-sectional model.

[0196] In another possible implementation, the first acquisition module 801 is used to determine that the first fault plane and the second fault plane are in a parallel relationship if the area difference between the first area and the second area is within a preset range; if the area difference is not within the preset range, determine that the first fault plane and the second fault plane are in a subordinate relationship.

[0197] An embodiment of the present application provides a drilling device, which first generates a velocity model, then determines the predicted depth of the first layer through the velocity model, and performs drilling construction according to the predicted depth of the first layer. When drilling into the first layer, the velocity model is corrected according to the actual depth of the first layer, and the predicted depth of the second layer is determined by the corrected velocity model, and drilling construction is performed according to the predicted depth of the second layer. When drilling into the second layer, the velocity model is corrected again according to the actual depth of the second layer, and the predicted depth of the third layer is determined according to the corrected velocity model. And so on, until the predicted depth of the entry and exit points is determined. It can be seen that as the number of layers encountered by drilling gradually increases, the number of times the velocity model is corrected continues to increase, and the predicted depth determined according to the corrected velocity model becomes closer to the actual depth. Therefore, the position of the entry point is determined more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy of drilling into the target layer.

[0198] refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9The following is a block diagram of a terminal 900 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Terminal 900 may be a portable mobile terminal, such as a smartphone, tablet computer, MP3 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III), MP4 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV), laptop computer, or desktop computer. Terminal 900 may also be referred to as user equipment, portable terminal, laptop terminal, desktop terminal, or other similar names.

[0199] Typically, the terminal 900 includes a processor 901 and a memory 902 .

[0200] The processor 901 may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor 901 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 901 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in the awake state, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 901 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 901 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to process computing operations related to machine learning.

[0201] Memory 902 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. Memory 902 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices or flash memory storage devices. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in memory 902 is used to store at least one program code, which is executed by processor 901 to implement the drilling method provided in the method embodiments of this application.

[0202] In some embodiments, terminal 900 may also optionally include a peripheral device interface 903 and at least one peripheral device. The processor 901, memory 902, and peripheral device interface 903 may be connected via a bus or signal lines. Each peripheral device may be connected to peripheral device interface 903 via a bus, signal lines, or circuit boards. Specifically, the peripheral device may include at least one of a radio frequency circuit 904, a display screen 905, a camera assembly 906, an audio circuit 907, and a power supply 908.

[0203] The peripheral device interface 903 can be used to connect at least one I / O (Input / Output)-related peripheral device to the processor 901 and the memory 902. In some embodiments, the processor 901, the memory 902, and the peripheral device interface 903 are integrated on the same chip or circuit board; in some other embodiments, any one or two of the processor 901, the memory 902, and the peripheral device interface 903 can be implemented on separate chips or circuit boards, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0204] The RF circuit 904 is used to receive and transmit RF (Radio Frequency) signals, also known as electromagnetic signals. The RF circuit 904 communicates with communication networks and other communication devices via electromagnetic signals. The RF circuit 904 converts electrical signals into electromagnetic signals for transmission, or converts received electromagnetic signals into electrical signals. Optionally, the RF circuit 904 includes an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, an oscillator, a digital signal processor, a codec chipset, a user identity module card, and the like. The RF circuit 904 can communicate with other terminals via at least one wireless communication protocol. Such wireless communication protocols include, but are not limited to, the World Wide Web, metropolitan area networks, intranets, various generations of mobile communication networks (2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G), wireless local area networks, and / or WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) networks. In some embodiments, the RF circuit 904 may also include circuits related to Near Field Communication (NFC), which is not limited in this application.

[0205] The display screen 905 is used to display a user interface (UI). This UI may include graphics, text, icons, videos, or any combination thereof. When the display screen 905 is a touch screen, it is also capable of collecting touch signals on or above the surface of the display screen 905. These touch signals can be input as control signals to the processor 901 for processing. In this case, the display screen 905 can also be used to provide virtual buttons and / or a virtual keyboard, also known as soft buttons and / or a soft keyboard. In some embodiments, there can be a single display screen 905, located on the front panel of the terminal 900. In other embodiments, there can be at least two display screens 905, located on different surfaces of the terminal 900 or in a foldable design. In other embodiments, the display screen 905 can be a flexible display screen, located on a curved or foldable surface of the terminal 900. Furthermore, the display screen 905 can be configured as a non-rectangular irregular shape, i.e., a special-shaped screen. The display screen 905 can be made of materials such as LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode).

[0206] The camera assembly 906 is used to capture images or videos. Optionally, the camera assembly 906 includes a front camera and a rear camera. Typically, the front camera is arranged on the front panel of the terminal, and the rear camera is arranged on the back of the terminal. In some embodiments, there are at least two rear cameras, which are any one of a main camera, a depth of field camera, a wide-angle camera, and a telephoto camera, so as to realize the fusion of the main camera and the depth of field camera to realize the background blur function, the fusion of the main camera and the wide-angle camera to realize panoramic shooting and VR (Virtual Reality) shooting function or other fusion shooting functions. In some embodiments, the camera assembly 906 may also include a flash. The flash can be a monochrome temperature flash or a dual-color temperature flash. A dual-color temperature flash refers to a combination of a warm light flash and a cold light flash, which can be used for light compensation at different color temperatures.

[0207] The audio circuit 907 may include a microphone and a speaker. The microphone is used to collect sound waves from the user and the environment, and convert the sound waves into electrical signals to be input into the processor 901 for processing, or input into the radio frequency circuit 904 to achieve voice communication. For the purpose of stereo sound collection or noise reduction, there may be multiple microphones, each located in different parts of the terminal 900. The microphone may also be an array microphone or an omnidirectional collection microphone. The speaker is used to convert electrical signals from the processor 901 or the radio frequency circuit 904 into sound waves. The speaker may be a traditional thin film speaker or a piezoelectric ceramic speaker. When the speaker is a piezoelectric ceramic speaker, it can not only convert electrical signals into sound waves audible to humans, but also convert electrical signals into sound waves inaudible to humans for purposes such as ranging. In some embodiments, the audio circuit 907 may also include a headphone jack.

[0208] Power supply 908 is used to power various components in terminal 900. Power supply 908 can be AC ​​power, DC power, a disposable battery, or a rechargeable battery. When power supply 908 includes a rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery can be a wired rechargeable battery or a wireless rechargeable battery. A wired rechargeable battery is charged via a wired line, while a wireless rechargeable battery is charged via a wireless coil. The rechargeable battery can also support fast charging technology.

[0209] In some embodiments, the terminal 900 further includes one or more sensors 909 , including but not limited to: an acceleration sensor 910 , a gyroscope sensor 911 , a pressure sensor 912 , an optical sensor 913 , and a proximity sensor 914 .

[0210] The accelerometer 910 can detect the magnitude of acceleration along the three coordinate axes of the coordinate system established by the terminal 900. For example, the accelerometer 910 can be used to detect the components of gravity acceleration along the three coordinate axes. The processor 901 can control the display screen 905 to display the user interface in a landscape or portrait view based on the gravity acceleration signal collected by the accelerometer 910. The accelerometer 910 can also be used to collect game or user motion data.

[0211] The gyroscope sensor 911 can detect the orientation and rotation angle of the terminal 900. It can also work with the accelerometer 910 to collect the user's 3D movements of the terminal 900. Based on the data collected by the gyroscope sensor 911, the processor 901 can implement the following functions: motion sensing (such as changing the UI based on the user's tilt operation), image stabilization during shooting, game control, and inertial navigation.

[0212] The pressure sensor 912 can be set on the side frame of the terminal 900 and / or the lower layer of the display screen 905. When the pressure sensor 912 is set on the side frame of the terminal 900, it can detect the user's grip signal of the terminal 900, and the processor 901 performs left and right hand recognition or shortcut operations based on the grip signal collected by the pressure sensor 912. When the pressure sensor 912 is set on the lower layer of the display screen 905, the processor 901 controls the operable controls on the UI interface based on the user's pressure operation on the display screen 905. The operable controls include at least one of a button control, a scroll bar control, an icon control, and a menu control.

[0213] The optical sensor 913 is used to detect ambient light intensity. In one embodiment, the processor 901 can control the display brightness of the display screen 905 based on the ambient light intensity detected by the optical sensor 913. Specifically, when the ambient light intensity is high, the display brightness of the display screen 905 is increased; when the ambient light intensity is low, the display brightness of the display screen 905 is decreased. In another embodiment, the processor 901 can also dynamically adjust the shooting parameters of the camera assembly 906 based on the ambient light intensity detected by the optical sensor 913.

[0214] The proximity sensor 914, also known as a distance sensor, is typically located on the front panel of the terminal 900. The proximity sensor 914 is used to detect the distance between the user and the front of the terminal 900. In one embodiment, when the proximity sensor 914 detects that the distance between the user and the front of the terminal 900 is gradually decreasing, the processor 901 controls the display screen 905 to switch from the screen-on state to the screen-off state. When the proximity sensor 914 detects that the distance between the user and the front of the terminal 900 is gradually increasing, the processor 901 controls the display screen 905 to switch from the screen-off state to the screen-on state.

[0215] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 9 The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the terminal 900, and the terminal 900 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or adopt a different component arrangement.

[0216] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided. The computer-readable medium stores at least one program code. The at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the drilling method in the above embodiment.

[0217] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is further provided. The computer program product stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the drilling method in the above embodiment.

[0218] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware, or may be accomplished by a program to instruct the relevant hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0219] The above description is only for the purpose of facilitating those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A drilling method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire a structural model, wherein the structural model is used to reflect the structural morphology of a stratum within the construction range of the target well in three-dimensional space, wherein the stratum includes multiple horizons; constructing a first velocity model based on the structural model, wherein the first velocity model is used to reflect the propagation velocity of seismic waves in the stratum; Determining, based on the first velocity model, a first predicted depth when drilling into a first layer in the formation; wherein the first predicted depth is a depth corresponding to the drilling operation of the target well at the current stage; Obtaining a first actual depth of the target well when drilling into the first horizon; correcting the first velocity model based on the first actual depth to obtain a second velocity model; Determining, based on the second velocity model, a second predicted depth when drilling into a second layer in the formation; wherein the second predicted depth is a depth corresponding to the target well in the next stage of drilling construction; Obtaining a second actual depth of the target well when drilling into the second layer; correcting the second velocity model based on the second actual depth to obtain a third velocity model; By analogy, the step of correcting the velocity model corresponding to the layer based on the actual depth of the corresponding layer is repeated until a third predicted depth of the target point is obtained; wherein the third predicted depth is the depth corresponding to the target well encountering the target layer, and the target point is the position where the target well encounters the target layer.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining a first predicted depth when drilling into a first horizon in the formation based on the first velocity model includes: Based on the structural model, a first attribute model is constructed, wherein the first attribute model is used to reflect the oil and gas characteristics of the formation; Based on the first velocity model, converting the first attribute model from the time domain to the depth domain to obtain a second attribute model; determining a first trajectory of the target well based on the second attribute model; Based on the first trajectory, the first predicted depth is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining a second predicted depth when drilling into a second horizon in the formation based on the second velocity model includes: Based on the second velocity model, re-converting the first attribute model from the time domain to the depth domain to obtain a third attribute model; determining a second trajectory of the target well based on the third attribute model; Based on the second trajectory, the second predicted depth is determined.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step of constructing a first velocity model based on the construction model includes: constructing an initial velocity model based on the structural model; Acquire actual layer data of multiple constructed wells within the construction range of the target well; Determining a first time-depth relationship curve of the plurality of constructed wells based on actual layer data of the plurality of constructed wells; wherein the first time-depth relationship curve is used to reflect the relationship between the actual depth of the constructed wells and time; The initial velocity model is corrected based on the first time-depth relationship curves of the multiple constructed wells to obtain the first velocity model.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: Obtaining theoretical horizon data of the plurality of constructed wells; Determining the degree of matching between the theoretical horizon data and the actual horizon data; When the matching degree is not greater than a preset threshold, the step of determining first time-depth relationship curves of the plurality of constructed wells based on actual layer data of the plurality of constructed wells is performed.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining of the construction model comprises: constructing an initial model based on the construction scope of the target well; Acquiring theoretical fault data and theoretical layer data within the construction range of the target well; Based on the theoretical fault data, constructing a cross-section model on the basis of the initial model; Based on the theoretical horizon data, constructing a layer model on the basis of the cross-section model; The stratigraphic planes and fault planes in the stratigraphic model are connected to form the structural model.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The step of constructing a cross-section model based on the theoretical fault data and the initial model includes: Based on the theoretical fault data, generating multiple fault planes on the basis of the initial model; For a first fault plane and a second fault plane, determining a first area of ​​the first fault plane and a second area of ​​the second fault plane; wherein the first fault plane and the second fault plane are intersecting fault planes among the plurality of fault planes; determining a relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane based on the first area and the second area; The cross-section model is constructed based on the relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The determining, based on the first area and the second area, a relationship between the first fault plane and the second fault plane includes: If the area difference between the first area and the second area is within a preset range, determining that the first fault plane and the second fault plane are in a parallel relationship; If the area difference is not within the preset range, it is determined that the first fault plane and the second fault plane are in a subordinate relationship.

9. A drilling device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A first acquisition module is used to acquire a structural model, wherein the structural model is used to reflect the structural morphology of the stratum within the construction range of the target well in three-dimensional space, wherein the stratum includes multiple layers; A first construction module is configured to construct a first velocity model based on the structural model, wherein the first velocity model is configured to reflect the propagation velocity of seismic waves in the stratum; a first determining module, configured to determine, based on the first velocity model, a first predicted depth when a first layer is encountered in the formation; wherein the first predicted depth is a depth corresponding to the drilling operation of the target well at the current stage; a first correction module, configured to obtain a first actual depth of the target well when drilling into the first layer; and to correct the first velocity model based on the first actual depth to obtain a second velocity model; a second determination module, configured to determine, based on the second velocity model, a second predicted depth when a second layer is encountered in the formation; wherein the second predicted depth is a depth corresponding to the drilling operation of the target well in the next stage; The second correction module is used to obtain the second actual depth of the target well when drilling into the second layer; based on the second actual depth, the second velocity model is corrected to obtain a third velocity model; and so on, the step of correcting the velocity model corresponding to the layer based on the actual depth of the corresponding layer is repeated until a third predicted depth of the target entry point is obtained; wherein the third predicted depth is the depth corresponding to the target well encountering the target layer, and the target entry point is the position where the target well encounters the target layer.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, wherein at least one program code is stored in the memory, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the drilling method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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