A wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage and a manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage and a manufacturing method thereof. Cage preparation process: S1. Take a plurality of pontoon component units and form a polygonal pontoon body by welding with embedded steel parts and sealing with fiber cement. Connect the upper end of the hollow column through the bottom of the polygonal pontoon body, and connect the lower end of the hollow column through the connecting plate and the solid pile to obtain a cage frame; S2. Install a water pipe in each hollow column, the lower end of the water pipe leads to the bottom of the hollow column, and the upper end of the water pipe leads to the upper end surface of the pontoon body; S3. Fix the net in the cage frame to obtain a wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage; The cage structure provided by the present invention has good integrity, high rigidity, strong supporting force, strong adaptability to sea conditions and environment, strong wind and wave resistance, and the cage structure adopts three cement-based materials for coordinated use, which has strong corrosion resistance and can increase the service life of the cage. It can serve in sea areas with large ocean currents, and can also survive and serve in environments with large winds and waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine aquaculture equipment, and in particular to a wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cage aquaculture is the main aquaculture method in modern marine fisheries and the main carrier for building a "blue granary". There are many types of cages with different structures and functions, which are widely used in the field of marine aquaculture. From the perspective of materials, the most common cages are truss cages made of steel and gravity cages made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Steel structure cages and plastic cages have the problems of easy rust and weak wind and wave resistance, so the reliability and service life of aquaculture cages are affected to varying degrees; cement-based materials are gradually entering the field of marine ranch equipment, and attempts are also being made to use cement-based materials to build cages and platforms, etc., but in harsh marine environments, the stress on some key nodes of the cage or platform structure will far exceed the stress limit of the cement-based material itself. Structurally, the floats carried by most cages are often arranged in a plane, and the plane where the floats are located is close to the water surface. In this way, the center of gravity of the entire structure is relatively high, which is not conducive to the stability of the cage structure; if the contact area between the float and the wave is too large, the entire structure is easily affected by the impact of waves and aggravates the shaking. From an environmental perspective, the marine environment is diverse and changeable. In many cases, floating structures cannot "take root" by means of seabed piling, and are limited by water depth, wind and wave conditions, etc. Therefore, they have poor environmental adaptability and are difficult to promote and apply on a larger scale.

[0003] In order to improve the wind and wave resistance of the cages, several technical solutions have emerged, such as piling on the seabed to fix the cages on the pile foundation; connecting the cages to the fixed points on the seabed with cables to improve the stability of the cages; using lifting cages to improve the wind and wave resistance and even avoid the influence of extreme weather environments such as typhoons. Although the above measures can improve the wind and wave resistance of the cages to varying degrees, it will be costly or even impossible to fix the structure by piling on the seabed in deep sea areas; accordingly, due to the complex structure and difficult operation of lifting cages, there are also greater risks in deep sea environments.

[0004] Patent application CN108967288A discloses a fish farming lifting cage. The cage structure adopts a vertical steel pipe structure, but the exterior of the vertical steel pipe is not protected by protective materials. It is very easy to be damaged, corroded, aged or deformed in a high-salinity marine environment, and the maintenance cost is high or the service life is short. In addition, each column of the cage structure is composed of three sections, of which the two sections with exhaust functions at the bottom are independent of each other. As a result, the structure of the column is relatively complex, the exhaust system is complex, and the cost will also increase. More importantly, the exhaust (inlet and outlet) valve in the seawater is prone to failure, requiring divers to frequently enter and exit the water for maintenance, which is risky. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0006] In the present invention, UHPC refers to ultra-high performance concrete; UHPC mixture refers to unsolidified ultra-high performance concrete; and ECC refers to synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0008] A method for preparing a wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Take a plurality of pontoon component units, weld and connect them with embedded steel parts, and seal them with fiber cement to form a polygonal pontoon body, and open a plurality of connection holes matching the size of hollow columns at the bottom of the polygonal pontoon body; insert the upper ends of a plurality of hollow columns into the connection holes to connect with the polygonal pontoon body, insert the lower ends of a plurality of hollow columns into the connection plates matching the size of the polygonal pontoon body, and connect the lower ends of the hollow columns with the solid piles with pointed heads to obtain a cage frame;

[0010] S2. Install a water pipe in each hollow column, the lower end of the water pipe leads to the bottom of the hollow column, the upper end of the water pipe leads to the upper end surface of the buoyancy box body, and a sealing cover is provided at the upper end of the water pipe;

[0011] S3, fixing the net in the cage frame to obtain a wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage;

[0012] The preparation process of the buoyancy component unit in step S1 is as follows:

[0013] (1) The U-shaped rectangular component with an opening is manufactured by the model casting method, and the embedded steel bars are exposed at the opening;

[0014] (2) A rectangular steel plate is pressed into an arc-shaped steel plate, a number of shear nails I are uniformly welded on the convex surface of the arc-shaped steel plate, an arc-shaped bottom mold and an arc-shaped pressing mold matching the size of the arc-shaped steel plate are made, a layer of cement slurry is sprayed on the bottom of the arc-shaped pressing mold, and a composite fiber mesh composed of a synthetic fiber monofilament mesh and a steel wire mesh is evenly spread, and a UHPC mixture is poured into the arc-shaped bottom mold. The arc-shaped steel plate with shear nails I is pressed against the UHPC mixture by vibrating the arc-shaped pressing mold until the arc-shaped bottom mold and the arc-shaped pressing mold are closed. After hardening and demoulding, an open UHPC / steel composite arc-shaped plate is obtained; UHPC mixture refers to unsolidified ultra-high performance concrete;

[0015] (3) The steel plate at the opening of the arc-shaped plate is welded to the embedded steel bars at the opening of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component. Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is cast at the welded joint and then wrapped with synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC) for sealing, thereby forming a pontoon component unit with a square and round cross section;

[0016] The preparation process of the hollow column in step S2 is as follows:

[0017] A number of shear nails are evenly welded on the inner and outer surfaces of the steel pipe, the steel pipe is placed upright on outer and inner molds of matching sizes, concrete mixture is poured, and a hollow column with a sealed lower end and an open upper end is obtained.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S1, the embedded steel parts refer to the steel plates in the pontoon component units and the embedded steel bars in the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped components.

[0019] Furthermore, during the use of the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC), the synthetic fiber filament mesh raw material is firstly wound, and then the cement-based material C slurry is prepared according to the raw material ratio of the cement-based material C, and the cement-based material C slurry is applied or sprayed.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S1, fiber cement sealing refers to first winding the synthetic fiber filament mesh raw material in the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material at the connection of the pontoon component unit, and then preparing the cement-based material C slurry according to the raw material ratio of the cement-based material C, and applying the cement-based material C slurry to form a fiber cement seal.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S1, after spraying a layer of waterproof coating on the connection between the hollow column and the polygonal pontoon body, the synthetic fiber filament mesh raw material in the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material is firstly wound, and then the cement-based material C slurry is prepared according to the raw material ratio of the cement-based material C, and the cement-based material C slurry is smoothed and sealed.

[0022] Furthermore, in step (3), the specific process of the sealing treatment is: after the ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is cast and hardened at the welded joint, the synthetic fiber filament mesh raw material in the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material is firstly wound, and then the cement-based material C slurry is prepared according to the raw material ratio of the cement-based material C, and the cement-based material C slurry is applied to form a fiber cement seal.

[0023] Furthermore, the manufacturing process of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component is: making a mold matching the size of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component, embedding steel bars in the mold, and then pouring ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), and after hardening and demoulding, the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component is obtained.

[0024] Furthermore, the process of pouring the concrete mixture is as follows: pouring lightweight aggregate concrete in the gap between the inner mold and the inner wall of the steel pipe to form a lightweight aggregate concrete layer, pouring ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) in the gap between the steel pipe and the outer mold to form a wrapping layer, and after hardening and demolding, wrapping the outer side of the wrapping layer with a synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC) to form a protective layer.

[0025] Furthermore, the specific process of wrapping the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material on the outside of the wrapping layer is: winding the synthetic fiber filament mesh raw material in the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material on the outside of the wrapping layer, and then preparing cement-based material C slurry according to the raw material ratio of cement-based material C, and spreading the cement-based material C slurry to form a protective layer.

[0026] Furthermore, a connecting belt is provided between each hollow column; a connecting sleeve is provided at the connection between the upper end of the hollow column and the polygonal buoyancy box body, and at the connection between the lower end of the hollow column and the connection.

[0027] Furthermore, a strip board made of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is installed at the upper end of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped member, and a bottom plate made of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is installed at the lower end of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped member.

[0028] Furthermore, ring beam components are prefabricated in sections on the bottom plate, and a number of stainless steel rings are embedded in the ring beam components, and the stainless steel rings are used to fix the upper part of the net; holes corresponding to the positions of the stainless steel rings are reserved on the inner side of the connecting plate, and the holes are used to fix the lower part of the net; the inner edge of the connecting plate is provided with holes for fixing the net on the bottom horizontal plane.

[0029] Furthermore, the height of the solid pile is 0.5~1.0m.

[0030] Furthermore, a plurality of supporting steel pipes I are connected to the inner side of the polygonal pontoon body, one end of the supporting steel pipe I is connected to the polygonal pontoon body, and the other end is connected to the central steel ball I; the supporting steel pipe I is coated with anti-corrosion paint or wrapped with synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials; a plurality of supporting steel pipes II are arranged on the inner side of the connecting plate, one end of the supporting steel pipe II is connected to the polygonal pontoon body, and the other end is connected to the central steel ball II; the supporting steel pipe II is coated with anti-corrosion paint or wrapped with synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials.

[0031] Furthermore, the cement slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of silicate cement, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-20 parts of metakaolin, and 1.5-2.0 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent.

[0032] Furthermore, the ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) includes a cement base material A and steel fibers; the volume of the steel fibers accounts for 2% of the total volume of the ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC); the cement base material A includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of silicate cement, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-20 parts of metakaolin, 100-120 parts of quartz sand, 20-40 parts of ground quartz powder, and 1.5-2.0 parts of high-efficiency water reducer.

[0033] Furthermore, the particle size of quartz sand is 0.15-0.6 mm, the average particle size (d50) of ground quartz powder is 10 μm, the length of steel fiber (l) = 12 mm, the fineness (df) = 0.25 mm, and the water-binder ratio is 0.15-0.22.

[0034] Furthermore, the lightweight aggregate concrete includes a cement base material B and polyoxymethylene fiber; the volume amount of the polyoxymethylene fiber accounts for 0.5% of the total volume of the lightweight aggregate concrete; the cement base material B includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of silicate cement, 25-35 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of metakaolin, 270-300 parts of river sand, 150-200 parts of core-shell ceramsite, 60-70 parts of water, 1-2 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent, and 5-10 parts of composite expansion agent.

[0035] Furthermore, the fly ash is first-grade fly ash, and the polyoxymethylene fiber length (l) = 8~12mm and the fineness (df) = 0.2mm.

[0036] Furthermore, the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC) includes a cement base material C and a synthetic fiber filament mesh; the volume usage of the synthetic fiber filament mesh accounts for 2% to 3% of the total volume of the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC); the cement base material C includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 to 120 parts of silicate cement, 80 to 120 parts of fly ash, 0 to 120 parts of quartz sand, 55 to 60 parts of water, 1 to 1.5 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent, and 1 part of latex powder.

[0037] Furthermore, the quartz sand has a particle size of 0-0.6 mm, and the fly ash is first-grade fly ash.

[0038] A wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage prepared by the preparation method of the invention.

[0039] Furthermore, the material of the net is selected from nylon, polyethylene (PE), and (polyethylene terephthalate) PET.

[0040] Furthermore, the water pipe is a plastic water pipe.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] (1) The cage structure of the present invention adopts three cement-based materials, namely ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC) and polyoxymethylene fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete, which respectively play the role of enhancing the bending and tensile resistance and impact resistance, improving the surface crack resistance and impermeability of the structure, improving the bending strength of the column and reducing the weight of the structure. The materials are reasonably matched to give full play to their respective performance.

[0043] (2) The outer surface of the cage body of the present invention adopts a composite block of arc-shaped steel plate and cement, and the hollow columns adopt a structural measure of double-sided wrapped steel pipes with cement-based materials, which fully exerts the synergistic effect of the steel / cement-based composite, improves the appearance of the outer facade that is most affected by the impact in the cage structure, enhances the impact resistance, and also significantly improves the durability of the cage structure in the marine environment.

[0044] (3) The hollow columns of the cage not only serve as the main structural components and floating bodies, but also as ballast tanks. Through the design of the column structure and the water filling / discharging mechanism, the buoyancy and weight distribution of the cage can be adjusted as needed, thereby enhancing the stability of the structure in the marine environment. Connecting plates or connecting belts are set between the hollow columns to connect the entire cage into a whole, which greatly improves the integrity of the structure, enabling it to withstand the long-term test of the marine environment and be durable.

[0045] (4) The cage structure provided by the present invention has good integrity, high rigidity, strong support for the net, strong adaptability to the sea environment, strong resistance to wind and waves, and can serve in sea areas with strong ocean currents and can also survive and serve in environments with strong winds and waves. It is expected to be widely used in deep-sea aquaculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the circular arc steel plate of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the AA portion of the buoyancy component unit of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 4 4A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hollow column of the present invention before and after casting, wherein 4A is a schematic diagram of the steel pipe structure before casting, and 4B is a schematic diagram of the steel pipe structure after casting.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 6 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the buoyancy box component unit of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage at BB of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the connecting belt of the present invention.

[0054] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the connecting belt of the present invention.

[0055] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate structure of the present invention.

[0056] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the support steel pipe I and the buoyancy box component unit of the present invention.

[0057] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the supporting steel pipe II and the connecting plate of the present invention.

[0058] In the figure, 1- pontoon component unit, 101- U-shaped rectangular component, 102- chamfer, 103- strip, 104- bottom plate, 105- joint, 106- arc steel plate, 107- shear nail Ⅰ, 108- ultra-high performance concrete layer, 109- connection hole, 1010- support steel pipe Ⅰ, 1011- steel ball Ⅰ, 1012- embedded steel bar, 2- hollow column, 201- steel pipe, 202- shear nail Ⅱ, 203- lightweight aggregate concrete layer, 204- wrapping layer, 205- protective layer, 3- connection belt, 4- connection plate, 401- rib plate, 402- support steel pipe Ⅱ, 403- steel ball Ⅱ, 5- solid pile, 6- connection hoop, 7- water pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0060] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods.

[0061] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0062] The manufacturer of the synthetic fiber filament mesh of the present invention is Henan Jinrui Insulation Materials Co., Ltd. and its name is fiber mesh.

[0063] The technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, the expression "some embodiments" is related to a subset of all possible embodiments, but it should be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0064] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0065] The cement slurry described in this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of silicate cement, 20 parts of silica fume, 15 parts of metakaolin, and 1.8 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent;

[0066] The ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is prepared by mixing cement base material A with steel fiber; wherein the volume amount of the steel fiber accounts for 2% of the total volume of the ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC); the cement base material A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of silicate cement, 20 parts of silica fume, 15 parts of metakaolin, 100 parts of quartz sand, 30 parts of ground quartz powder, and 1.5 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent; the particle size of the quartz sand is 0.15 mm, the average particle size (d50) of the ground quartz powder is 10 μm, the length (l) of the steel fiber is 12 mm, the fineness (df) is 0.25 mm, and the water-cement ratio is 0.18.

[0067] The lightweight aggregate concrete is prepared by mixing cement base material B and polyoxymethylene fiber; wherein the volume amount of polyoxymethylene fiber accounts for 0.5% of the total volume of the lightweight aggregate concrete, and the cement base material B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of silicate cement, 25 parts of first-grade fly ash, 8 parts of metakaolin, 270 parts of river sand, 200 parts of core-shell ceramsite, 70 parts of water, 2 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent, and 5 parts of composite expansion agent; the polyoxymethylene fiber length (l) = 12 mm, and the fineness (df) = 0.2 mm.

[0068] The synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC) is prepared by mixing a cement base material C and a synthetic fiber filament mesh; the volume usage of the synthetic fiber filament mesh accounts for 2% of the total volume of the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC); the cement base material C includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of silicate cement, 100 parts of first-grade fly ash, 120 parts of quartz sand, 60 parts of water, 1.5 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent, and 1 part of latex powder; the particle size of the quartz sand is 0.6 mm.

[0069] The present invention adopts ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC) and polyoxymethylene fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete, which respectively enhance the bending and tensile and impact resistance, improve the crack resistance and impermeability of the structure surface, improve the bending strength of the column and reduce the weight of the structure. The materials are reasonably matched to give full play to their respective effectiveness.

[0070] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the preparation method of the wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage of the present invention is as follows:

[0071] The process of preparing the buoyancy chamber component unit 1 is as follows:

[0072] Preparation of U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component 101: making a mold matching the size of U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component 101, embedding steel bars 1012 in the mold and then pouring with ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), after hardening and demoulding, U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component 101 is obtained, and embedded steel bars 1012 are exposed around the opening surface of U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component 101; preparation of arc-shaped plate: taking rectangular steel plate and pressing it into arc-shaped steel plate 106 matching the size of U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped , a plurality of shear nails Ⅰ107 are uniformly welded on the convex surface of the arc-shaped steel plate 106, and an arc-shaped bottom mold and an arc-shaped pressing mold matching the size of the arc-shaped steel plate 106 are made, a layer of cement slurry is sprayed on the bottom of the arc-shaped pressing mold, and a composite fiber mesh composed of a synthetic fiber monofilament mesh and a steel wire mesh is evenly spread, and UHPC mixture is poured into the arc-shaped bottom mold. UHPC mixture refers to unsolidified ultra-high performance concrete, which adopts an arc-shaped surface. The pressing mold vibrates while pressing the arc-shaped steel plate 106 with the shear nail Ⅰ107 surface toward the UHPC mixture until the arc-shaped curved bottom mold and the arc-shaped curved pressing mold are closed. After hardening and demoulding, an open UHPC / steel composite arc-shaped plate is obtained, and redundant steel plates are reserved at the edge of the arc-shaped plate; the outer surface of the shear nail Ⅰ107 is covered with a layer of ultra-high performance concrete 108 by the shear nail Ⅰ107; the steel plate reserved at the opening of the arc-shaped plate is welded to the embedded steel bar 1012 at the opening of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component 101, and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is cast at the welded joint 105. After solidification and hardening, the synthetic fiber filament mesh raw material in the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC) is firstly taken for winding, and then the cement-based material C slurry is prepared according to the raw material ratio of the cement-based material C, and the cement-based material C slurry is applied and sealed to form a pontoon component unit 1 with a square and round cross-section. When preparing the pontoon component unit 1, by welding the shear studs Ⅰ107 on the convex surface of the arc-shaped steel plate 106, the adhesion ability of the ultra-high performance concrete can be improved and the mechanical properties can also be improved.

[0073] By preparing pontoon components through the method of the present invention, the synergistic effect of the steel / cement-based composite can be fully utilized, so that the appearance of the facade that is most affected by the impact in the cage structure is improved, the impact resistance is enhanced, and the durability of the cage structure in the marine environment is significantly improved.

[0074] The process of preparing the hollow column 2 is as follows:

[0075] A number of shear nails II 202 are evenly welded on the inner and outer surfaces of the steel pipe 201, the steel pipe 201 is erected, and an outer mold and an inner mold matching in size are respectively put on, and lightweight aggregate concrete is poured in the gap between the inner mold and the inner wall of the steel pipe 201 to form a lightweight aggregate concrete layer 203, and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is poured in the gap between the steel pipe 201 and the outer mold to form a wrapping layer 204, and synthetic fiber filament mesh raw materials in synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials (ECC) are firstly wound on the outside of the wrapping layer 204, and then cement-based material C slurry is prepared according to the raw material ratio of cement-based material C, and the cement-based material C slurry is spread evenly to form a protective layer 205. After hardening and demoulding, a hollow column 2 with a sealed lower end and an open upper end is obtained.

[0076] The hollow column 2 of the present invention is both a structural member and a floating body of the cage, playing a dual role. The hollow column 2 is made by wrapping a steel pipe 201 with cement-based materials. The outer surface of the steel pipe 201 is wrapped with ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), and a "micro-protective layer" is formed on the outermost layer with synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials (ECC) to play a role in crack resistance and impermeability; the inner surface of the steel pipe 201 is wrapped with lightweight aggregate concrete, and the "inner wrapping" layer can improve the bending strength of the column. In order to improve the bonding force between the wrapping layer 204 and the steel pipe 201, a certain number of shear nails II 202 are welded on the inner and outer surfaces of the steel pipe 201. In addition, the hollow column 2 is formed by vertical casting, that is, in an upright state, the steel pipe 201 with shear nails II 202 is respectively covered with an outer mold and an inner mold, and the steel pipe 201 is wrapped from the outside and inside by cement-based materials, and the bottom of the steel pipe 201 is sealed, so that the hollow column 2 has excellent mechanical properties and density.

[0077] A method for preparing a wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage comprises the following steps:

[0078] S1. Take a plurality of pontoon component units 1 and weld the exposed steel plates and embedded steel bars 1012 at the edges to form a polygonal pontoon body; cast ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) at the welding point, and after solidification and hardening, first wrap the synthetic fiber filament mesh raw material in the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC), and then prepare cement-based material C slurry according to the raw material ratio of cement-based material C, apply the cement-based material C slurry evenly to the connection seam to form a fiber cement seal, and open a plurality of connection holes 109 matching the size of the hollow columns 2 at the bottom of the polygonal pontoon body; connect a plurality of hollow columns 2 to form a plurality of hollow columns 2; and ... The upper end of the column 2 is inserted into the connection hole 109 to connect with the polygonal pontoon body, and a layer of waterproof coating is sprayed on the connection between the hollow column 2 and the polygonal pontoon body, and then the synthetic fiber filament mesh material in the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC) is firstly wound, and then the cement-based material C slurry is prepared according to the raw material ratio of the cement-based material C, and the cement-based material C slurry is spread evenly for sealing treatment, and the lower ends of several hollow columns 2 are inserted into the connecting plate 4 matching the size of the polygonal pontoon body, and the lower ends of the hollow columns 2 are connected to the solid piles 5 with pointed heads and the height is 0.5~1.0m, so as to obtain the cage frame;

[0079] S2. A water pipe 7 is installed in each hollow column 2, the lower end of the water pipe 7 leads to the bottom of the hollow column 2, the upper end of the water pipe 7 leads to the upper end surface of the buoyancy box body, and a sealing cover is provided at the upper end of the water pipe 7;

[0080] S3, fixing the net in the cage frame to obtain a wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage.

[0081] Specifically, a connecting belt 3 is provided between the hollow columns 2, and the connecting belt 3 is a prefabricated component made of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). By providing the connecting belt 3, an annular reinforcement structure can be formed in the middle section of the hollow column 2 to improve the mechanical strength of the cage.

[0082] The wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0083] 1. The present invention adds shear nails Ⅰ107 to the curved surface formed by the arc-shaped steel plate 106 and then covers it with a layer of non-metallic ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), which can improve the anti-corrosion performance of the steel plate and extend its service life. At the same time, it can also reduce the probability of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) falling off and further improve its crack resistance.

[0084] 2. The outer surface of the cage body of the present invention adopts a plurality of composite pontoon component units 1 composed of arc-shaped steel plates 106 and U-shaped rectangular components 101 of cement, and the hollow columns 2 adopt a structural measure of double-sided wrapping of steel pipes 201 with cement-based materials, which fully exerts the synergistic effect of the steel / cement-based composite, greatly strengthens the weak nodes in the cage structure, and also significantly improves the durability of the cage structure in the marine environment.

[0085] 3. The hollow column 2 of the net cage not only serves as the main structural member and floating body, but also acts as a ballast tank. By setting a water pipe 7 in the hollow column 2, the water pump equipped on the workboat can be used to transport water to the column, or the water inside the column can be pumped out. The buoyancy and weight distribution of the net cage can be adjusted as needed, and the draft, balance, stability, etc. of the net cage can be adjusted, thereby enhancing the stability of the structure in the marine environment; and the water pipe 7 of the present invention connects the upper end and the bottom of the hollow column 2, and a number of them are independently set, so that the structure of the hollow column 2 is relatively simple and the cost will be reduced. At the same time, the upper end of the water pipe 7 extends out of the upper end surface of the pontoon body, and there is no need to dive underwater for maintenance operations; whenever water is pumped into the hollow column 2, the water first stays at the bottom, which can also lower the center of gravity of the entire structure and make the net cage more stable.

[0086] Specifically, guide angles 102 cast with ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) are provided at two right angles of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped member 101 to enhance the bearing capacity of the joint of the structure.

[0087] Specifically, a strip board 103 made of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is installed at the upper end of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped member 101 , and a bottom plate 104 made of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is installed at the lower end of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped member 101 .

[0088] Specifically, ring beam components are prefabricated in sections on the bottom plate 104, and a number of stainless steel rings are embedded in the ring beam components, and the stainless steel rings are used to fix the upper part of the net; holes corresponding to the positions of the stainless steel rings are reserved on the inner side of the connecting plate 4, and the holes are used to fix the lower part of the net; holes for fixing the net on the bottom horizontal surface are provided on the edge of the inner ring of the connecting plate 4. The net can be fixed more tightly by setting these stainless steel rings, holes and ring holes, and its wind and wave resistance performance is improved.

[0089] Specifically, connecting sleeves 6 are provided at the connection between the upper end of the hollow column 2 and the polygonal buoyancy box body, and at the connection between the lower end of the hollow column 2 and the connecting plate 4, so as to increase the contact surface and connection strength between the two.

[0090] Specifically, the connecting plate 4 is further provided with ribs 401 for reinforcing the strength of the connecting plate 4 .

[0091] Specifically, a plurality of supporting steel pipes Ⅰ1010 are connected to the inner side of the polygonal pontoon body, one end of the supporting steel pipe Ⅰ1010 is connected to the polygonal pontoon body, and the other end is connected to the central steel ball Ⅰ1011; the supporting steel pipe Ⅰ1010 is coated with anti-corrosion paint or wrapped with synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials; a plurality of supporting steel pipes Ⅱ402 are arranged on the inner side of the connecting plate 4, one end of the supporting steel pipe Ⅱ402 is connected to the polygonal pontoon body, and the other end is connected to the central steel ball Ⅱ403; the supporting steel pipe Ⅱ402 is coated with anti-corrosion paint or wrapped with synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials. By coating the supporting steel pipe Ⅰ1010 and the supporting steel pipe Ⅱ402 with anti-corrosion paint or wrapping with synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials, it can effectively prevent them from being corroded by seawater and extend their service life. The supporting steel pipe I1010 and the supporting steel pipe II402 are respectively arranged as radial steel structure skeletons as supporting structures, and multiple steel pipes 201 converge at the geometric center of the polygon and extend to the corners of the polygon. In this way, the polygonal floating box body on the upper part of the net cage and the connecting plate 4 at the lower part of the net cage form a supporting structure composed of multiple triangular frames, which can improve the reliability of the net cage structure. In addition, by arranging multiple supporting steel pipes I1010, the polygonal floating box body can be divided into several independent spaces, which can be used to place fish feed, nets and common tools, etc., which is convenient to use and has a high utilization effect.

[0092] In addition, the cement slurry includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of silicate cement, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-20 parts of metakaolin, and 1.5-2.0 parts of high-efficiency water reducer; the ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is prepared by mixing cement base material A with steel fiber; the amount of the steel fiber body accounts for 2% of the total volume of the ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC); the cement base material A includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: silicate 100-120 parts of cement, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-20 parts of metakaolin, 100-120 parts of quartz sand, 20-40 parts of ground quartz powder, 1.5-2.0 parts of high-efficiency water reducer; the particle size of quartz sand is 0.15-0.6mm, the average particle size of ground quartz powder (d50) is 10μm, the length of steel fiber (l) = 12mm, the fineness (df) = 0.25mm, and the water-cement ratio is 0.15-0.22;

[0093] The lightweight aggregate concrete is prepared by mixing cement base material B and polyoxymethylene fiber; the amount of the polyoxymethylene fiber accounts for 0.5% of the total volume of the lightweight aggregate concrete; the cement base material B includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of silicate cement, 25-35 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of metakaolin, 270-300 parts of river sand, 150-200 parts of core-shell ceramsite, 60-70 parts of water, 1-2 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent, and 5-10 parts of composite expansion agent; the fly ash is first-grade fly ash, and the polyoxymethylene fiber length (l) = 8-12 mm, and the fineness (df) = 0.2 mm;

[0094] The synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC) is prepared by mixing cement-based material C and synthetic fiber filament mesh; the amount of the synthetic fiber filament mesh accounts for 2% to 3% of the total volume of the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material (ECC); the cement-based material C includes the following raw materials by weight: 100 to 120 parts of silicate cement, 80 to 120 parts of fly ash, 0 to 120 parts of quartz sand, 55 to 60 parts of water, 1 to 1.5 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent, and 1 part of latex powder; the particle size of the quartz sand is 0 to 0.6 mm, and the fly ash is first-grade fly ash;

[0095] The raw material amounts of cement slurry, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), lightweight aggregate concrete, and synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials (ECC) selected within the above range are all suitable for preparing wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cages according to the present invention.

[0096] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Take a plurality of pontoon component units, connect them by welding with embedded steel parts, and seal them with fiber cement to form a polygonal pontoon body, and open a plurality of connection holes matching the size of hollow columns at the bottom of the polygonal pontoon body; insert the upper ends of a plurality of hollow columns into the connection holes to connect with the polygonal pontoon body, insert the lower ends of a plurality of hollow columns into the connection plates matching the size of the polygonal pontoon body, and connect the lower ends of the hollow columns with the solid piles with pointed heads to obtain a cage frame; a plurality of supporting steel pipes I are connected to the inner side of the polygonal pontoon body, one end of the supporting steel pipe I is connected to the polygonal pontoon body, and the other end is connected to the center steel ball I; a plurality of supporting steel pipes II are provided on the inner side of the connecting plate, one end of the supporting steel pipe II is connected to the connecting plate, and the other end is connected to the center steel ball II; S2. Install a water pipe in each hollow column, the lower end of the water pipe leads to the bottom of the hollow column, the upper end of the water pipe leads to the upper end surface of the buoyancy box body, and a sealing cover is provided at the upper end of the water pipe; S3, fixing the net in the cage frame to obtain a wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage; The preparation process of the buoyancy component unit in step S1 is as follows: (1) The U-shaped rectangular component with an opening is manufactured by the model casting method, and the embedded steel bars are exposed at the opening; (2) A rectangular steel plate is pressed into an arc-shaped steel plate, a number of shear nails I are uniformly welded on the convex surface of the arc-shaped steel plate, an arc-shaped bottom mold and an arc-shaped pressing mold matching the size of the arc-shaped steel plate are made, a layer of cement slurry is sprayed on the bottom of the arc-shaped pressing mold, and a composite fiber mesh composed of a synthetic fiber monofilament mesh and a steel mesh is evenly spread, and a UHPC mixture is poured into the arc-shaped bottom mold. The arc-shaped steel plate with shear nails I is pressed against the UHPC mixture while vibrating the arc-shaped pressing mold until the arc-shaped bottom mold and the arc-shaped pressing mold are closed, and an open UHPC / steel composite arc-shaped plate is obtained after hardening and demoulding; UHPC refers to ultra-high performance concrete; (3) The steel plate at the opening of the arc-shaped plate is welded to the embedded steel bars at the opening of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component, and the welded joints are sealed with UHPC and synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials to form a pontoon component unit with a square and round cross section; The preparation process of the hollow column in step S2 is as follows: A number of shear nails are evenly welded on the inner and outer surfaces of the steel pipe, and the steel pipe is erected and respectively covered with an outer mold and an inner mold of matching sizes, and a concrete mixture is poured to obtain a hollow column with a sealed lower end and an open upper end; the process of pouring the concrete mixture is: pouring lightweight aggregate concrete in the gap between the inner mold and the inner wall of the steel pipe to form a lightweight aggregate concrete layer, pouring UHPC in the gap between the steel pipe and the outer mold to form a wrapping layer, and after hardening and demoulding, wrapping the synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material on the outside of the wrapping layer to form a protective layer.

2. The method for preparing the wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manufacturing process of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component is as follows: a mold matching the size of the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component is manufactured, steel bars are embedded in the mold, and then UHPC is used for casting, and after hardening and demoulding, the U-shaped rectangular parallelepiped component is obtained.

3. The method for preparing the wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connecting belts are arranged between the hollow columns; connecting sleeves are arranged at the connection between the upper end of the hollow column and the polygonal buoyancy box body, and at the connection between the lower end of the hollow column and the connecting plate.

4. The method for preparing the wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage according to claim 2, characterized in that: A strip plate made of ultra-high performance concrete is installed at the upper end of the U-shaped rectangular component, and a base plate made of ultra-high performance concrete is installed at the lower end of the U-shaped rectangular component; ring beam components are prefabricated in sections on the base plate, and a plurality of stainless steel rings are embedded in the ring beam components, and the stainless steel rings are used to fix the upper part of the net; holes corresponding to the positions of the stainless steel rings are reserved on the inner side of the connecting plate, and the holes are used to fix the lower part of the net; holes for fixing the bottom horizontal surface net are provided on the edge of the inner ring of the connecting plate.

5. The method for preparing the wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting steel pipe I is coated with anti-corrosion paint or wrapped with synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials; the supporting steel pipe II is coated with anti-corrosion paint or wrapped with synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials.

6. The method for preparing the wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cement slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of silicate cement, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-20 parts of metakaolin, and 1.5-2.0 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent; the ultra-high performance concrete comprises cement base material A and steel fiber; The volume usage of steel fiber accounts for 2% of the total volume of ultra-high performance concrete; the cement base material A includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of silicate cement, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-20 parts of metakaolin, 100-120 parts of quartz sand, 20-40 parts of ground quartz powder, and 1.5-2.0 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent.

7. The method for preparing the wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightweight aggregate concrete comprises a cement base material B and polyoxymethylene fibers; the volume amount of the polyoxymethylene fibers accounts for 0.5% of the total volume of the lightweight aggregate concrete; the cement base material B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of silicate cement, 25-35 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of metakaolin, 270-300 parts of river sand, 150-200 parts of core-shell ceramsite, 60-70 parts of water, 1-2 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent, and 5-10 parts of composite expansion agent.

8. The method for preparing the wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synthetic fiber reinforced cement-based composite material comprises a cement base material C and a synthetic fiber filament mesh; the volume usage of the synthetic fiber filament mesh accounts for 2% to 3% of the total volume of the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material; the cement base material C comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 to 120 parts of silicate cement, 80 to 120 parts of fly ash, 0 to 120 parts of quartz sand, 55 to 60 parts of water, 1 to 1.5 parts of high-efficiency water reducing agent, and 1 to 2 parts of latex powder.

9. A wind and wave resistant cement-based material aquaculture cage prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Images