A process for beneficiating fluorite from polymetallic ores

Abstract

This invention discloses a process for beneficiating fluorite from polymetallic ores, comprising the following steps: (1) The coarsely crushed raw ore is then fed into photoelectric separation. To maximize the performance of the photoelectric separation equipment, the particle size after coarse crushing is controlled at 50 mm. The coarse crushing design adopts a one-stage closed-circuit crushing process; (2) The finely crushed raw ore after photoelectric separation is further crushed using a cone crusher. A screening screen is provided. Raw ore with a particle size less than 12 mm is fed into the grinding bin, while raw ore with a particle size greater than 12 mm is returned to the cone crusher for further crushing. The overall beneficiation process designed in this invention is as follows: coarse crushing of raw ore → fine crushing → two-stage grinding (stirring and slurry preparation) → desulfurization → fluorite flotation (1st roughing, 2nd scavenging, 7th cleaning) → dewatering → product (and tailings). The concentrate grade in the beneficiation process is 97.00%, and the beneficiation recovery rate is greater than 90%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing technology, specifically to a process for beneficiating fluorite from polymetallic ores. Background Technology

[0002] To improve mineral grade and remove some harmful impurities, chemical or physical methods are typically used for mineral beneficiation. Fluorite is an important non-metallic mineral resource distributed worldwide. Its main component is calcium fluoride (CaF2), and it is an important raw material for producing fluorine-containing compounds, widely used in metallurgy, aluminum smelting, glass, ceramics, cement, and chemical industries. Besides fluorite, fluorite deposits generally contain other associated or symbiotic minerals. Existing beneficiation processes are simple but inefficient. Therefore, this invention provides further improvements to these processes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a fluorite beneficiation process for polymetallic ores to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] The present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a process for beneficiating fluorite from polymetallic ores, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Coarse crushing

[0007] After coarse crushing, the raw ore enters the photoelectric mineral separation process. In order to maximize the performance of the photoelectric mineral separation equipment, the particle size after coarse crushing is controlled at 50mm. The coarse crushing design adopts a one-stage closed-circuit crushing process.

[0008] (2) Finely chopped

[0009] After optical separation, the raw ore is further crushed by a cone crusher and inspected by a screening screen. The raw ore with a particle size of less than 12mm enters the grinding bin, while the raw ore with a particle size of more than 12mm is returned to the cone crusher for further crushing.

[0010] (3) Two-stage grinding

[0011] The design employs a two-stage grinding process for the raw ore.

[0012] (4) Desulfurization

[0013] The XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machine is used for desulfurization. The desulfurized slurry enters the flotation process, and the desulfurization wastewater is treated in the sewage treatment plant.

[0014] (5) Fluorite flotation

[0015] The fluorite flotation design adopts a process flow of one roughing, seven cleaning, and two scavenging. The tailings from the first cleaning are returned to the grinding mill, while the remaining middlings are returned sequentially. The roughing and scavenging are carried out using XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machines, and the cleaning process is carried out using XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machines. The concentrate grade is 97.00%, and the beneficiation recovery rate is greater than 90%.

[0016] (6) Dehydration

[0017] Fluorite concentrate is pumped to a thickener by a slurry pump for thickening. The underflow from the thickener flows by gravity to a disc filter for dewatering. The dewatered fluorite concentrate is stored in a concentrate silo for sale. The overflow from the thickener flows by gravity to a return water tank, and the filtrate from the filter is pumped back to the return water tank.

[0018] Preferably, in the closed-circuit crushing process, a jaw crusher is used for crushing, and a three-layer circular vibrating screen is used for pre-screening and inspection. Raw ore with a particle size of less than 10mm directly enters the grinding bin, raw ore with a particle size of 10-50mm enters the intermediate bin for light separation, and raw ore with a particle size of more than 50mm is returned to the jaw crusher for crushing via a return conveyor belt.

[0019] Preferably, in the two-stage grinding process, one ZTMG2400×3600 grid-type ball mill is used for the first stage grinding, and one FG-20+ high-weir single spiral classifier is used for the classification.

[0020] Preferably, the two-stage grinding uses one ZTMY2100×3000 overflow ball mill, and the classification uses... One hydrocyclone assembly is used. The first stage grinding fineness is -0.074mm, accounting for 55%, and the second stage grinding fineness is -0.074mm, accounting for 72.50%.

[0021] Preferably, the flotation tailings from the dewatering process are fed into the thickening hydrocyclone group by a slurry pump, the underflow from the hydrocyclone enters the dewatering screen, the material on the screen is transported to the tailings temporary storage yard by a belt conveyor, and the material under the screen flows by gravity to the slurry pump box.

[0022] Preferably, the overflow from the hydrocyclone flows by gravity to the ore distribution box and is then distributed to the deep cone thickener. The underflow from the deep cone thickener is collected and fed into the automatic chamber filter press by the filter press feed pump for filtration. The filter cake is transported to the tailings temporary storage yard by a belt conveyor. The overflow from the deep cone thickener and the filtrate from the filter press flow by gravity to the recycling pool for reuse.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The overall mineral processing flow of this invention is as follows: coarse crushing of raw ore → fine crushing → two-stage grinding (stirring and slurry preparation) → desulfurization → fluorite flotation (1 roughing, 2 scavenging, and 7 cleaning) → dewatering → product (and tailings). The concentrate grade in the mineral processing process is 97.00%, and the mineral processing recovery rate is greater than 90%. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] This embodiment of a fluorite beneficiation process for polymetallic ores includes the following steps:

[0028] (1) Coarse crushing

[0029] After coarse crushing, the raw ore enters the photoelectric mineral separation process. In order to maximize the performance of the photoelectric mineral separation equipment, the particle size after coarse crushing is controlled at 50mm. The coarse crushing design adopts a one-stage closed-circuit crushing process.

[0030] (2) Finely chopped

[0031] After optical separation, the raw ore is further crushed by a cone crusher and inspected by a screening screen. The raw ore with a particle size of less than 12mm enters the grinding bin, while the raw ore with a particle size of more than 12mm is returned to the cone crusher for further crushing.

[0032] (3) Two-stage grinding

[0033] The design employs a two-stage grinding process for the raw ore.

[0034] (4) Desulfurization

[0035] The XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machine is used for desulfurization. The desulfurized slurry enters the flotation process, and the desulfurization wastewater is treated in the sewage treatment plant.

[0036] (5) Fluorite flotation

[0037] The fluorite flotation design adopts a process flow of one roughing, seven cleaning, and two scavenging. The tailings from the first cleaning are returned to the grinding mill, while the remaining middlings are returned sequentially. The roughing and scavenging are carried out using XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machines, and the cleaning process is carried out using XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machines. The concentrate grade is 97.00%, and the beneficiation recovery rate is greater than 90%.

[0038] (6) Dehydration

[0039] Fluorite concentrate is pumped to a thickener by a slurry pump for thickening. The underflow from the thickener flows by gravity to a disc filter for dewatering. The dewatered fluorite concentrate is stored in a concentrate silo for sale. The overflow from the thickener flows by gravity to a return water tank, and the filtrate from the filter is pumped back to the return water tank.

[0040] In this embodiment, a jaw crusher is used for crushing in a closed-circuit crushing process. A three-layer circular vibrating screen is used for pre-screening and inspection. Raw ore with a particle size of less than 10mm directly enters the grinding bin, raw ore with a particle size of 10-50mm enters the intermediate bin for light separation, and raw ore with a particle size of more than 50mm is returned to the jaw crusher for crushing via a return conveyor belt.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first stage of grinding uses one ZTMG2400×3600 grid ball mill, and the classification uses one FG-20+ high-weir single spiral classifier.

[0042] In this embodiment, a ZTMY2100×3000 overflow ball mill is used for the two-stage grinding, and a classification mill is used... One hydrocyclone assembly is used. The first stage grinding fineness is -0.074mm, accounting for 55%, and the second stage grinding fineness is -0.074mm, accounting for 72.50%.

[0043] In this embodiment, the flotation tailings from the dewatering process are fed into the thickening hydrocyclone group by a slurry pump. The underflow from the hydrocyclone enters the dewatering screen, and the material on the screen is transported to the tailings temporary storage yard by a belt conveyor. The material underflows from the screen flows by gravity to the slurry pump box.

[0044] In this embodiment, the overflow from the hydrocyclone flows by gravity to the ore distribution box and is then distributed to the deep cone thickener. The underflow from the deep cone thickener is collected and fed into the automatic chamber filter press by the filter press feed pump for filtration. The filter cake is transported to the tailings temporary storage yard by a belt conveyor. The overflow from the deep cone thickener and the filtrate from the filter press flow by gravity to the return water pool for recycling.

[0045] Based on the design scale of mineral processing, the characteristics of ore properties and the process flow, the following principles are followed in selecting the main equipment: (1) Large-scale equipment is preferred for ease of operation and management, thereby improving production efficiency. (2) Domestic equipment should be used as much as possible. If domestic equipment cannot meet the requirements, foreign equipment can be introduced. (3) Different fluctuation coefficients and safety factors are considered in the selection of the main equipment. (4) The selected equipment is easy to procure, and the supply channels for spare parts are smooth to ensure the integrity rate of the equipment and the overall operating rate of the site. Crushing and Screening Equipment The selection of crushing and screening equipment takes into account many factors such as mine scale, ore properties, subsequent mineral processing technology and equipment. The calculation of the selection of the main crushing and screening equipment is shown in the table below. Crushing Equipment Table

[0046]

[0047] Screening Equipment List

[0048]

[0049] Grinding equipment

[0050] A two-stage closed-circuit grinding process is adopted. The process requires that 90% of the final ground product be -0.074mm. Single-stage grinding is prone to over-grinding. Two-stage grinding can ensure the fineness of the final ground product while effectively reducing the occurrence of over-grinding. The first-stage grinding and spiral classifier form a closed circuit, with an overflow particle size of -0.074mm accounting for 60%. The product from the first-stage grinding undergoes desliming and flotation, and the flotation concentrate enters the second-stage grinding. The second-stage grinding and hydrocyclone form a closed-circuit grinding, with an overflow fineness of -0.074mm accounting for 90%. Recommended grinding equipment selection. Grinding equipment table.

[0051]

[0052] Grading equipment

[0053] A high-weir spiral classifier is selected to form a closed circuit in the first-stage grinding process. The design parameters are as follows: solid ore content in the overflow = 20.83 t / h, and overflow particle size of -0.074 mm accounts for 60%.

[0054] Due to the finer particle size, the second-stage grinding uses a hydrocyclone to form a closed circuit. Recommended classification equipment is shown in the table.

[0055] Classification Equipment Table

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] The flotation equipment adopts a two-stage desulfurization flotation process. After desulfurization, the flotation equipment is stirred with reagents in a TBJ-2000 lifting and stirring tank and a Ф2000×2000 fluorite-specific slurry stirring tank before entering the fluorite flotation operation.

[0059] The fluorite flotation process employs a single roughing, two scavenging, and seven cleaning stages. Tailings from the first cleaning stage are returned to the grinding mill, while the remaining middlings are returned sequentially. Sixteen XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machines are used for desulfurization roughing and scavenging, while 22 XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machines are used for cleaning. The flotation concentrate is pumped to the fluorite concentrate dewatering facility via slurry pumps, and the tailings are pumped to the tailings treatment workshop.

[0060] Flotation Equipment List

[0061]

[0062] Dehydration equipment

[0063] (1) Concentrate dehydration

[0064] Fluorite concentrate is pumped by a slurry pump to an NXZ-15 thickener for thickening. The underflow from the thickener flows by gravity to a 30m² disc filter for dewatering. The dewatered fluorite concentrate is stored in a concentrate silo for sale. The overflow from the thickener flows by gravity to a return water tank, and the filtrate from the filter is pumped back to the return water tank.

[0065] (2) Tailings dewatering

[0066] Flotation tailings are fed into a Ф250×4 thickening hydrocyclone assembly by a slurry pump. The underflow from the hydrocyclone enters a ZKGT1236 dewatering screen. The oversize material is transported to the tailings storage yard by a belt conveyor, while the undersize material flows by gravity to the slurry pump box. The hydrocyclone overflow flows by gravity to a distribution box and is distributed to three Ф15m deep cone thickeners. The underflow from the deep cone thickeners is collected and then fed into two 250m² automatic chamber filter presses by a filter press feed pump for filtration. The filter cake is transported to the tailings storage yard by a belt conveyor. The deep cone thickener overflow and the filter press filtrate flow by gravity to a recycling pool for reuse.

[0067] Fluorite concentrate dewatering equipment list

[0068]

[0069] Tailings dewatering equipment calculation sheet

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] The invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims be included within the invention.

[0073] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A process for beneficiating fluorite from polymetallic ores, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Coarse crushing After coarse crushing, the raw ore enters the photoelectric mineral separator. To maximize the performance of the photoelectric mineral separator, the particle size after coarse crushing is controlled at 50mm. The coarse crushing design adopts a one-stage closed-circuit crushing process. In the one-stage closed-circuit crushing process, a jaw crusher is used for crushing, and a three-layer circular vibrating screen is used for pre-screening and inspection. Raw ore with a particle size of less than 10mm directly enters the grinding bin, raw ore with a particle size of 10~50mm enters the intermediate bin for photoelectric separation, and raw ore with a particle size greater than 50mm is returned to the jaw crusher for crushing via a return conveyor belt. (2) Finely crushed After optical separation, the raw ore is further crushed by a cone crusher and inspected by a screening screen. The raw ore with a particle size of less than 12mm enters the grinding bin, while the raw ore with a particle size of more than 12mm is returned to the cone crusher for further crushing. (3) Two-stage grinding The design employs a two-stage grinding process for the raw ore. The first stage of the two-stage grinding process uses one ZTMG2400×3600 grid ball mill, and the classification process uses one FG-20+ high-weir single spiral classifier. The two-stage grinding process uses one ZTMY2100×3000 overflow ball mill for the second stage and one φ250×4 hydrocyclone assembly for classification. The fineness of the first stage grinding is -0.074mm, accounting for 55%, while the fineness of the second stage grinding is -0.074mm, accounting for 72.50%. The ore in the grinding bin enters the first stage of grinding. After the first stage of grinding, the ore is classified by a classifier. The ore on the classifier screen returns to the first stage of grinding for regrinding. The ore under the classifier screen enters the hydrocyclone for classification. The ore underflow from the hydrocyclone enters the second stage of grinding. The ore overflow from the hydrocyclone enters the mixing zone for sulfur roughing. (4) Desulfurization The XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machine is used for desulfurization. The desulfurized slurry enters the flotation process, and the desulfurization wastewater is treated in the sewage treatment plant. (5) Fluorite flotation The fluorite flotation design adopts a process flow of one roughing, seven cleaning, and two scavenging. The tailings from the first cleaning stage are returned to grinding, while the remaining middlings are returned sequentially. The roughing and scavenging stages use XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machines, and the cleaning stage also uses XGF / BS-K4 aerated flotation machines. The concentrate grade is 97.00%, and the beneficiation recovery rate is greater than 90%. (6) Dehydration Fluorite concentrate is pumped to a thickener by a slurry pump for thickening. The underflow from the thickener flows by gravity to a disc filter for dewatering. The dewatered fluorite concentrate is stored in a concentrate silo for sale. The overflow from the thickener flows by gravity to a return water tank, and the filtrate from the filter is pumped back to the return water tank.

2. The fluorite beneficiation process for polymetallic ores according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tailings from the fluorite scavenging II process are fed into the thickening hydrocyclone assembly by a slurry pump. The underflow from the hydrocyclone enters the dewatering screen, and the material on the screen is transported to the tailings temporary storage yard by a belt conveyor. The material underflows from the screen flows by gravity to the slurry pump box.

3. The fluorite beneficiation process for polymetallic ores according to claim 2, characterized in that, The overflow from the hydrocyclone flows by gravity to the distribution box and is then distributed to the deep cone thickener. The underflow from the deep cone thickener is collected and fed into the automatic chamber filter press by the filter press feed pump for filtration. The filter cake is transported to the tailings temporary storage yard by a belt conveyor. The overflow from the deep cone thickener and the filtrate from the filter press flow by gravity to the recycling pool for reuse.

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