Device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens and method of using the same

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for automatically grinding and polishing metallographic samples and a method for using the device, which belongs to the technical field of metallographic processing. The device for automatically grinding and polishing metallographic samples comprises a workbench and also comprises: a rotating seat, which is rotatably connected to the workbench, the rotating seat comprising a bottom plate rotatably connected to the workbench, a rotating rod fixedly connected to the bottom plate and a top plate connected to an end of the rotating rod away from the bottom plate, a first motor for driving the rotating rod to rotate is provided in the workbench; a grinding and polishing mechanism, which comprises a plurality of grinding and polishing parts uniformly distributed on the top plate in a circle and a driving member for driving the plurality of grinding and polishing parts to work synchronously; and a mounting seat. The invention combines grinding and polishing into one, and can complete rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing by clamping the sample once, saving time and manpower, ensuring the metallographic processing effect, and the metallographic structure is automatically clamped and fixed during angle adjustment, further reducing the workload of the staff and improving the metallographic processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metallographic processing, in particular to a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of materials research, metallographic observation and analysis are important methods for studying the properties of metallic materials. The quality of metallographic specimen preparation directly impacts the results. Currently, most universities and research institutions still use manual methods to prepare metallographic specimens. The specimen blanks are cut, mounted in an external mold using mounting powder, and then the operator grinds the mounted specimen on sandpaper after the mounting powder solidifies.

[0003] During the grinding process, the sandpaper must be replaced five times in order of coarseness and fineness. Each time the sandpaper is replaced, the grinding surface of the specimen is rotated 90° to completely cover all scratches from the previous grinding. After grinding is completed, the specimen is then hand-held and polished on a polishing machine. The entire process requires the replacement of sandpaper and polishing cloth, making the operation cumbersome, inefficient, and labor-intensive. The grinding and polishing quality of metallographic specimens is closely related to the operator's proficiency, making it difficult to ensure the flatness of the ground and polished surfaces. Furthermore, during the hand-held grinding process, inexperienced operators can easily touch the sandpaper with their fingers, causing scratches on their nails or even fingers. Manual operation has a low safety factor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and a method for using the same.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, comprising a workbench and:

[0007] a rotating base, the rotating base being rotatably connected to the workbench, the rotating base comprising a bottom plate rotatably connected to the workbench, a rotating rod fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and a top plate connected to an end of the rotating rod away from the bottom plate, wherein a first motor for driving the rotating rod to rotate is provided in the workbench;

[0008] A grinding and polishing mechanism, comprising a plurality of grinding and polishing parts uniformly distributed on the top plate and a driving member for driving the plurality of grinding and polishing parts to work synchronously; and

[0009] A mounting seat, wherein a connecting seat is provided between the mounting seat and the workbench, and a metallographic sample is placed in the mounting seat;

[0010] Wherein, a material discharge port for placing metallographic samples is provided on the top plate, and the material discharge port is placed between two adjacent grinding and polishing parts.

[0011] Preferably, the grinding and polishing part includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the top plate and a mounting plate fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, wherein a polishing wheel is mounted on the mounting plate of one of the grinding and polishing parts, and grinding sandpaper is mounted on the mounting plates of the remaining grinding and polishing parts, the grinding sandpaper on several mounting plates of the grinding and polishing parts have different roughness, and the abrasive grains of the grinding sandpaper of multiple grinding and polishing parts are arranged in sequence from coarse to fine along the circumferential direction of the top plate.

[0012] Preferably, the driving member includes a second motor fixed on the top plate, the second motor is connected to the rotating shaft of one of the polishing parts, a driving gear is provided on the rotating shaft of each polishing part, and an upper gear ring engaged with the driving gear is rotatably connected to the top plate.

[0013] Preferably, an annular plate is fixedly provided on the bottom plate, a lower gear ring is fixedly provided on the top of the annular plate, and a driven gear meshing with the lower gear ring is provided on the mounting seat.

[0014] Preferably, the mounting seat is slidably connected to the base plate, and a ball bearing that movably contacts the base plate is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat.

[0015] Preferably, the connecting seat includes ear plates respectively arranged on the mounting seat and the workbench and a first elastic telescopic rod arranged between the two ear plates. A groove is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat, an upper protrusion is fixed in the groove, and a lower protrusion is provided on the bottom plate to movably resist the upper protrusion.

[0016] Preferably, the mounting seat includes a base fixedly connected to the driven gear, a plurality of elastic blocks fixed on the base, and a rubber gasket fixedly connected to the elastic blocks. The plurality of elastic blocks and the top of the base together form a placement cavity for placing metallographic samples. The groove is opened at the bottom of the base, and the upper side ear plate of the connecting seat is connected to the base.

[0017] Preferably, an L-shaped connecting rod is fixed to the side of the workbench, and the end of the L-shaped connecting rod away from the workbench is connected to a sleeve. The sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the mounting seat, and the inner wall of the sleeve is set as a conical surface, and the outer wall of the elastic block is opened as an inclined extrusion surface that is movably opposed to the conical surface.

[0018] Preferably, the base includes an upper seat body and a lower seat body, an adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the lower seat body, and the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the upper seat body.

[0019] The present invention also discloses a method for using the device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: Initially, the top plate's discharge port is aligned with the lower mounting seat, and the worker places the metallographic sample from the discharge port into the placement cavity formed by several elastic blocks;

[0021] S2: Then, the first motor is controlled to operate, and the output shaft of the first motor drives the rotating rod to rotate. When the rotating rod rotates, the rotating seat is driven to rotate relative to the workbench. When the rotating seat rotates, the lower gear ring is driven to rotate through the bottom plate. The lower gear ring is engaged with the driven gear on the lower side of the mounting seat, so that the driven gear drives the mounting seat and the metallographic sample placed inside the mounting seat to rotate, thereby changing the grinding and polishing angle of the metallographic sample;

[0022] S3: As the rotating seat continues to rotate, the lower protrusion on the bottom plate gradually approaches and abuts against the upper protrusion on the lower side of the base. The upper protrusion is forced to move the base upward, and the first elastic telescopic rod is pulled upward, causing the base to drive the metallographic sample on the upper side to move upward and gradually approach the mounting plate;

[0023] After the base is lifted, the outer inclined extrusion surface of the elastic block abuts against the conical surface of the inner wall of the sleeve. The elastic block is forced to drive the rubber gasket closer to the metallographic sample, so that the elastic block cooperates with the rubber gasket to automatically clamp the metallographic sample.

[0024] S4: When the lower protrusion contacts the end point of the upper protrusion, the top surface of the clamped metallographic sample contacts the sandpaper with the largest abrasive grains;

[0025] S5: Then, the second motor is controlled to operate, and the output shaft of the second motor drives the rotating shaft of one of the grinding and polishing parts to rotate. The driving gear on the rotating shaft engages with the upper gear ring on the top plate for transmission, and the upper gear ring drives the driving gears on the remaining rotating shafts to rotate, so that several grinding and polishing parts work simultaneously, and the grinding sandpaper with the largest abrasive grains performs preliminary grinding on the clamped metallographic sample;

[0026] S6: Then repeat S2-S3, so that the rotating seat rotates in a circle and drives another sandpaper to abut against the clamped metallographic sample after the rotation angle, and repeat S5 to complete the further fine grinding work of the metallographic sample;

[0027] S7: Repeat S6 until the sandpaper with the smallest abrasive grains has finished grinding the metallographic sample, thereby achieving fine grinding after rough grinding of the metallographic sample, and repeat S2-S3 again. At this time, the rotating seat drives the grinding and polishing part equipped with the polishing wheel to be placed on the upper side of the metallographic sample, and the bottom side of the polishing wheel abuts against the upper side of the metallographic sample. The second motor is controlled to operate so that the polishing wheel polishes the metallographic sample.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens and a method for using the same, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens and its use method integrate grinding and polishing into one. The metallographic specimen can be polished by simply clamping the specimen and controlling the intermittent rotation of the rotating seat so that the multiple grinding and polishing parts on the rotating seat perform rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing on the specimen in sequence. The whole process is simple and convenient to operate, which solves the time-consuming and labor-intensive problems of the existing process, saves time and manpower, and ensures the metallographic processing effect and processing efficiency.

[0030] 2. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and its use method control the operation of the first motor, so that the output shaft of the first motor drives the rotating rod to rotate. When the rotating rod rotates, the rotating seat is driven to rotate relative to the workbench, so that the grinding sandpaper with smaller abrasive particles moves to the upper side of the metallographic structure. When the rotating seat rotates, the lower gear ring is driven to rotate through the bottom plate. The lower gear ring is engaged with the driven gear on the lower side of the mounting seat for transmission, so that the driven gear drives the mounting seat and the metallographic sample placed inside the mounting seat to rotate, thereby changing the grinding and polishing angle of the metallographic sample, so that the grinding sandpaper with smaller abrasive particles performs a new round of grinding on the metallographic structure with the changed angle, so that the scratches caused by the previous round of grinding are covered up, thereby ensuring the metallographic grinding effect.

[0031] 3. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens and the method for using the same are as follows: after the metallographic specimen is polished in a grinding and polishing section, the rotating seat initially rotates, the lower protrusion on the bottom plate gradually separates from the upper protrusion on the lower side of the base, and the base is forced downward by the elastic force of the first elastic telescopic rod, thereby instantly separating the metallographic specimen on the top of the base from the grinding sandpaper on the upper side, preventing the top surface of the metallographic specimen and the bottom surface of the grinding sandpaper from moving in the same horizontal plane, so that the grinding sandpaper and the metallographic specimen are always in contact during displacement, resulting in wear marks in other directions on the top surface of the polished metallographic specimen, so that the grinding sandpaper is polished in the same direction each time, ensuring the consistency of the scratch direction.

[0032] 4. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and the method of using the same are as follows: when the position of the grinding and polishing portion is about to be adjusted, the lower protrusion on the bottom plate gradually approaches and abuts against the upper protrusion on the lower side of the base, and the upper protrusion is forced to drive the base upward, and the first elastic telescopic rod is pulled upward, so that the base drives the upper metallographic sample upward and gradually approaches the mounting plate. After the base is lifted, the outer inclined extrusion surface of the elastic block abuts against the conical surface of the inner wall of the sleeve, and the elastic block is forced to drive the rubber gasket close to the metallographic sample, so that the elastic block and the rubber gasket automatically clamp the metallographic sample without manual intervention in the middle, which can effectively protect the safety of the staff, reduce the workload of the staff, and thus improve the efficiency of metallographic sample processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged structural diagram of the middle part;

[0035] Figure 3 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of part B in the middle;

[0037] Figure 5 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 3 ;

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the top plate of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle C part;

[0041] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle D part;

[0042] Figure 10 The structure of the mounting base of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 11 The structure of the mounting base of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 .

[0044] In the figure: 1. workbench; 2. rotating seat; 201. bottom plate; 2011. annular plate; 2012. lower protrusion; 202. rotating rod; 203. top plate; 2031. feeding port; 3. first motor; 4. sandpaper; 5. polishing wheel; 6. mounting seat; 7. connecting seat; 8. metallographic sample; 9. rotating shaft; 901. mounting plate; 10. second motor; 1001. driving gear; 1002. upper gear ring; 11. lower gear ring; 111. driven gear; 12. ball bearing; 13. ear plate; 131. first elastic telescopic rod; 14. groove; 141. upper protrusion; 15. base; 151. elastic block; 152. rubber gasket; 153. upper seat body; 154. lower seat body; 155. adjusting screw; 16. L-shaped connecting rod; 161. sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0047] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-9 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, comprising a workbench 1, and further comprising:

[0048] The rotating base 2 is rotatably connected to the workbench 1. The rotating base 2 includes a bottom plate 201 rotatably connected to the workbench 1, a rotating rod 202 fixedly connected to the bottom plate 201, and a top plate 203 connected to an end of the rotating rod 202 away from the bottom plate 201. The workbench 1 is provided with a first motor 3 for driving the rotating rod 202 to rotate;

[0049] A grinding and polishing mechanism, comprising a plurality of grinding and polishing parts uniformly distributed on the top plate 203 and a driving member for driving the plurality of grinding and polishing parts to work synchronously; and

[0050] A mounting seat 6, a connecting seat 7 is provided between the mounting seat 6 and the workbench 1, and a metallographic sample 8 is placed in the mounting seat 6;

[0051] A discharge port 2031 for placing the metallographic sample 8 is provided on the top plate 203 , and the discharge port 2031 is located between two adjacent grinding and polishing parts.

[0052] Furthermore, an annular plate 2011 is fixedly provided on the bottom plate 201 , a lower gear ring 11 is fixedly provided on the top of the annular plate 2011 , and a driven gear 111 meshing with the lower gear ring 11 is provided on the mounting seat 6 .

[0053] Specifically, initially, the discharge port 2031 of the top plate 203 is aligned with the lower mounting seat 6. The worker places the metallographic sample 8 from the discharge port 2031 into the mounting seat 6. The first motor 3 is then controlled to operate intermittently. The output shaft of the first motor 3 drives the rotating rod 202 to rotate. When the rotating rod 202 rotates, the rotating seat 2 is driven to rotate relative to the workbench 1. When the rotating seat 2 rotates, the lower gear ring 11 is driven to rotate through the bottom plate 201. The lower gear ring 11 is meshed with the driven gear 111 on the lower side of the mounting seat 6 for transmission, so that the driven gear 111 drives the mounting seat 6 and the mounting seat 1. 6, the metallographic sample 8 placed inside rotates to change the grinding and polishing angle of the metallographic sample 8, so that the grinding and polishing part with smaller abrasive grains performs a new round of grinding on the metallographic sample after the angle is changed, so that the scratches caused by the previous round of grinding are covered up, ensuring the metallographic grinding effect, and the multiple grinding and polishing parts on the rotating seat 2 perform rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing on the metallographic sample 8 in turn, thus completing the overall grinding and polishing work of the metallographic sample 8. The whole process is simple and convenient to operate, and integrates grinding and polishing into one, solving the time-consuming and labor-intensive problems of the existing process, saving time and manpower, and ensuring the metallographic processing effect and processing efficiency.

[0054] Example 2: Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, based on Example 1, further, the grinding and polishing part includes a rotating shaft 9 rotatably connected to the top plate 203 and a mounting plate 901 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 9, a polishing wheel 5 is mounted on the mounting plates 901 of one of the grinding and polishing parts, and grinding sandpaper 4 is mounted on the mounting plates 901 of the other grinding and polishing parts, the grinding sandpaper 4 on several grinding and polishing part mounting plates 901 have different roughness, and the abrasive grains of the grinding sandpaper 4 of multiple grinding and polishing parts are arranged in sequence from coarse to fine along the circumferential direction of the top plate 203.

[0055] Specifically, the grinding sandpaper 4 on each grinding and polishing part is arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the top plate 203 from coarse to fine abrasive particles. For example, the abrasive particles on each grinding sandpaper 4 can be set to 180 mesh, 300 mesh, 600 mesh, 1000 mesh and 1500 mesh in sequence, and the polishing wheel 5 is placed between the two grinding sandpapers 4 with the largest and smallest abrasive particles.

[0056] Example 3: Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7, a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. On the basis of Example 2, further, the driving member includes a second motor 10 fixed on the top plate 203, the second motor 10 is connected to the rotating shaft 9 of one of the grinding and polishing parts, and a driving gear 1001 is provided on the rotating shaft 9 of each grinding and polishing part. An upper gear ring 1002 meshing with the driving gear 1001 is rotatably connected to the top plate 203.

[0057] Specifically, the second motor 10 is controlled to operate, and the output shaft of the second motor 10 drives the rotating shaft 9 of one of the grinding and polishing parts to rotate. The driving gear 1001 on the rotating shaft 9 is engaged with the upper gear ring 1002 on the top plate 203 for transmission. The upper gear ring 1002 drives the driving gears 1001 on the remaining rotating shafts 9 to rotate, so that several grinding and polishing parts can work simultaneously. In conjunction with the intermittent operation of the first motor 3, the rotating seat 2 drives each grinding and polishing part to move in sequence to the upper side of the metallographic sample 8 in the mounting seat 6, completing the rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing of the metallographic sample 8.

[0058] Example 4: Reference Figure 10 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, based on Example 3, further, the mounting seat 6 is slidably connected to the base plate 201, and the bottom of the mounting seat 6 is provided with a ball 12 that movably contacts the base plate 201.

[0059] Specifically, when the first motor 3 is running and the rotating base 2 rotates, the lower gear ring 11 is driven to rotate through the base plate 201. The lower gear ring 11 is meshed with the driven gear 111 on the lower side of the mounting base 6 for transmission, so that the driven gear 111 drives the mounting base 6 and the metallographic sample 8 placed inside the mounting base 6 to rotate. When the mounting base 6 and the base plate 201 move relative to each other, the mounting base 6 abuts against the base plate 201 through the ball 12, reducing the wear on the mounting base 6 and the base plate 201 when moving, thereby ensuring the service life of the device.

[0060] Example 5: Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens, based on Example 4, further, the connecting base 7 includes ear plates 13 respectively arranged on the mounting base 6 and the workbench 1 and a first elastic telescopic rod 131 arranged between the two ear plates 13, a groove 14 is formed at the bottom of the mounting base 6, an upper protrusion 141 is fixedly provided in the groove 14, and a lower protrusion 2012 is provided on the bottom plate 201, which is movably opposed to the upper protrusion 141.

[0061] 4 or the bottom surface of the polishing wheel 5, so that the polishing wheel 5 can be polished and the polishing wheel 5 can be polished.

[0062] Example 6: Reference Figure 6-11 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. On the basis of Example 5, further, the mounting base 6 includes a base 15 fixedly connected to the driven gear 111, a plurality of elastic blocks 151 fixed on the base 15, and a rubber gasket 152 fixedly connected to the elastic blocks 151. The plurality of elastic blocks 151 and the top of the base 15 together form a placement cavity for placing the metallographic sample 8. The groove 14 is opened at the bottom of the base 15, and the upper side ear plate 13 of the connecting seat 7 is connected to the base 15.

[0063] Furthermore, an L-shaped connecting rod 16 is fixed to the side of the workbench 1, and a sleeve 161 is connected to the end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 away from the workbench 1. The sleeve 161 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting seat 6, and the inner wall of the sleeve 161 is set as a conical surface, and the outer wall of the elastic block 151 is opened as an inclined extrusion surface that is movably opposed to the conical surface.

[0064] Specifically, after the grinding and polishing parts are polished once, the rotating seat 2 adjusts the position of each grinding and polishing part. When the position of the grinding and polishing part is about to be adjusted, the lower protrusion 2012 on the bottom plate 201 gradually approaches and abuts against the upper protrusion 141 on the lower side of the base 15. The upper protrusion 141 is driven by force to move the base 15 upward, and the first elastic telescopic rod 131 is pulled upward, so that the base 15 drives the upper metallographic sample 8 to move upward and gradually approach the mounting plate 901. After the base 15 is lifted, the outer inclined extrusion surface of the elastic block 151 abuts against the conical surface of the inner wall of the sleeve 161. The elastic block 151 is driven by force to drive the rubber gasket 152 close to the metallographic sample 8, so that the elastic block 151 cooperates with the rubber gasket 152 to automatically clamp the metallographic sample 8. No manual intervention is required in the middle, which can effectively protect the safety of the staff, reduce the workload of the staff, and thus improve the processing efficiency of the metallographic sample.

[0065] Example 7: Reference Figure 10, a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. On the basis of Example 5, further, the base 15 includes an upper seat body 153 and a lower seat body 154, the lower seat body 154 is internally threaded with an adjusting screw 155, and the adjusting screw 155 is rotatably connected to the upper seat body 153.

[0066] Specifically, for metallographic samples 8 of different heights, the overall height of the base 15 is adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw 155, and then the height of the metallographic sample 8 and the polishing part is adjusted, so that when the upper protrusion 141 abuts the end face of the lower protrusion 2012, the top surface of the metallographic sample 8 contacts the bottom surface of the grinding sandpaper 4 or the polishing wheel 5.

[0067] The present invention also discloses a method for using the device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, comprising the following steps:

[0068] S1: Initially, the discharge port 2031 of the top plate 203 is aligned with the lower mounting seat 6 , and the worker places the metallographic sample 8 from the discharge port 2031 into the placement cavity formed by the elastic blocks 151 ;

[0069] S2: Then, the first motor 3 is controlled to operate, and the output shaft of the first motor 3 drives the rotating rod 202 to rotate. When the rotating rod 202 rotates, the rotating base 2 is driven to rotate relative to the workbench 1. When the rotating base 2 rotates, the lower gear ring 11 is driven to rotate via the bottom plate 201. The lower gear ring 11 is meshed with the driven gear 111 on the lower side of the mounting base 6, so that the driven gear 111 drives the mounting base 6 and the metallographic sample 8 placed inside the mounting base 6 to rotate, thereby changing the grinding and polishing angle of the metallographic sample 8.

[0070] S3: As the rotating base 2 continues to rotate, the lower protrusion 2012 on the bottom plate 201 gradually approaches and abuts against the upper protrusion 141 on the lower side of the base 15. The upper protrusion 141 is forced to move the base 15 upward, and the first elastic telescopic rod 131 is pulled upward, causing the base 15 to move the metallographic sample 8 upward and gradually approach the mounting plate 901.

[0071] After the base 15 is lifted, the outer inclined extrusion surface of the elastic block 151 abuts against the conical surface of the inner wall of the sleeve 161. The elastic block 151 is forced to drive the rubber gasket 152 toward the metallographic sample 8, so that the elastic block 151 cooperates with the rubber gasket 152 to automatically clamp the metallographic sample 8.

[0072] S4: When the lower protrusion 2012 abuts against the end point of the upper protrusion 141, the top surface of the clamped metallographic sample 8 abuts against the sandpaper 4 with the largest abrasive grains;

[0073] S5: Then, the second motor 10 is controlled to operate. The output shaft of the second motor 10 drives the rotating shaft 9 of one of the grinding and polishing parts to rotate. The driving gear 1001 on the rotating shaft 9 meshes with the upper gear ring 1002 on the top plate 203 for transmission. The upper gear ring 1002 drives the driving gears 1001 on the remaining rotating shafts 9 to rotate, thereby achieving simultaneous operation of the multiple grinding and polishing parts. The grinding sandpaper 4 with the largest abrasive grains performs preliminary grinding on the clamped metallographic sample 8.

[0074] S6: Then repeat S2-S3, so that the rotating seat 2 rotates in a circle and drives another sandpaper 4 to abut against the clamped metallographic sample 8 after the rotation angle, and repeat S5 to complete the further fine grinding work of the metallographic sample 8;

[0075] S7: Repeat S6 until the grinding sandpaper 4 with the smallest abrasive grains has finished grinding the metallographic sample 8, thereby achieving fine grinding after rough grinding of the metallographic sample 8, and repeat S2-S3 again. At this time, the rotating seat 2 drives the grinding and polishing part equipped with the polishing wheel 5 to be placed on the upper side of the metallographic sample 8, and the bottom side of the polishing wheel 5 abuts against the upper side of the metallographic sample 8. The second motor 10 is controlled to run, so that the polishing wheel 5 polishes the metallographic sample 8.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens, comprising a workbench (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A rotating seat (2), the rotating seat (2) being rotatably connected to the workbench (1), the rotating seat (2) comprising a bottom plate (201) rotatably connected to the workbench (1), a rotating rod (202) fixedly connected to the bottom plate (201), and a top plate (203) connected to an end of the rotating rod (202) away from the bottom plate (201), and a first motor (3) for driving the rotating rod (202) to rotate is provided in the workbench (1); A grinding and polishing mechanism, the grinding and polishing mechanism comprising a plurality of grinding and polishing parts uniformly distributed on the top plate (203) in a circumferential manner and a driving member for driving the plurality of grinding and polishing parts to work synchronously; and A mounting seat (6), a connecting seat (7) is provided between the mounting seat (6) and the workbench (1), and a metallographic sample (8) is placed in the mounting seat (6); The top plate (203) is provided with a discharge port (2031) for placing the metallographic sample (8) thereon, and the discharge port (2031) is located between two adjacent grinding and polishing parts; The polishing section comprises a rotating shaft (9) rotatably connected to the top plate (203) and a mounting plate (901) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (9), wherein a polishing wheel (5) is mounted on the mounting plate (901) of one polishing section, and grinding sandpaper (4) is mounted on the mounting plates (901) of the other polishing sections, wherein the grinding sandpaper (4) on the mounting plates (901) of the polishing sections has different roughness, and the abrasive grains of the grinding sandpaper (4) of the plurality of polishing sections are sequentially arranged from coarse to fine along the circumferential direction of the top plate (203); The driving member comprises a second motor (10) fixed on the top plate (203), the second motor (10) being connected to a rotating shaft (9) of one of the polishing parts, a driving gear (1001) being provided on the rotating shaft (9) of each polishing part, and an upper gear ring (1002) being rotatably connected to the top plate (203) and meshing with the driving gear (1001); An annular plate (2011) is fixedly provided on the bottom plate (201), a lower gear ring (11) is fixedly provided on the top of the annular plate (2011), and a driven gear (111) meshing with the lower gear ring (11) is provided on the mounting seat (6).

2. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting seat (6) is slidably connected to the bottom plate (201), and a ball (12) is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat (6) for movably contacting the bottom plate (201).

3. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting seat (7) comprises ear plates (13) respectively arranged on the mounting seat (6) and the workbench (1), and a first elastic telescopic rod (131) arranged between the two ear plates (13); a groove (14) is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat (6); an upper protrusion (141) is fixedly provided in the groove (14); and a lower protrusion (2012) is provided on the bottom plate (201) and is movably opposed to the upper protrusion (141).

4. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting base (6) includes a base (15) fixedly connected to the driven gear (111), a plurality of elastic blocks (151) fixedly mounted on the base (15), and a rubber gasket (152) fixedly connected to the elastic blocks (151). The plurality of elastic blocks (151) and the top of the base (15) are combined to form a placement cavity for placing a metallographic sample (8). The groove (14) is provided at the bottom of the base (15), and the upper side ear plate (13) of the connecting base (7) is connected to the base (15).

5. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples according to claim 4, characterized in that: An L-shaped connecting rod (16) is fixed to the side of the workbench (1), and one end of the L-shaped connecting rod (16) away from the workbench (1) is connected to a sleeve (161), the sleeve (161) is sleeved on the outside of the mounting seat (6), and the inner side wall of the sleeve (161) is set as a conical surface, and the outer wall of the elastic block (151) is provided as an inclined extrusion surface that is movably opposed to the conical surface.

6. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base (15) comprises an upper base body (153) and a lower base body (154); the lower base body (154) is internally threadedly connected to an adjusting screw (155); and the adjusting screw (155) is rotatably connected to the upper base body (153).

7. A method for using the device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimens according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Initially, the discharge port (2031) of the top plate (203) is aligned with the lower mounting seat (6), and the staff places the metallographic sample (8) from the discharge port (2031) into the placement cavity formed by the plurality of elastic blocks (151); S2: Then, the first motor (3) is controlled to operate, and the output shaft of the first motor (3) drives the rotating rod (202) to rotate. When the rotating rod (202) rotates, the rotating seat (2) is driven to rotate relative to the workbench (1). When the rotating seat (2) rotates, the lower gear ring (11) is driven to rotate through the bottom plate (201). The lower gear ring (11) is meshed with the driven gear (111) on the lower side of the mounting seat (6) for transmission, so that the driven gear (111) drives the mounting seat (6) and the metallographic sample (8) placed inside the mounting seat (6) to rotate, thereby changing the grinding and polishing angle of the metallographic sample (8); S3: As the rotating seat (2) continues to rotate, the lower protrusion (2012) on the bottom plate (201) and the upper protrusion (141) on the lower side of the base (15) gradually approach and abut against each other, and the upper protrusion (141) is driven by the force to move the base (15) upward, and the first elastic telescopic rod (131) is pulled upward, so that the base (15) drives the metallographic sample (8) on the upper side to move upward and gradually approach the mounting plate (901); After the base (15) is lifted, the outer inclined extrusion surface of the elastic block (151) abuts against the conical surface of the inner wall of the sleeve (161), and the elastic block (151) is forced to drive the rubber gasket (152) toward the metallographic sample (8), so that the elastic block (151) cooperates with the rubber gasket (152) to automatically clamp the metallographic sample (8); S4: When the lower protrusion (2012) and the upper protrusion (141) are in contact with each other, the top surface of the clamped metallographic sample (8) is in contact with the sandpaper (4) with the largest abrasive grains; S5: Then the second motor (10) is controlled to operate, the output shaft of the second motor (10) drives the rotating shaft (9) of one of the grinding and polishing parts to rotate, the driving gear (1001) on the rotating shaft (9) is meshed with the upper gear ring (1002) on the top plate (203) for transmission, and the upper gear ring (1002) drives the driving gears (1001) on the other rotating shafts (9) to rotate, so that several grinding and polishing parts work at the same time, and the grinding sandpaper (4) with the largest abrasive grains preliminarily grinds the clamped metallographic sample (8); S6: Then repeat S2-S3, so that the rotating seat (2) rotates in a circle and drives another sandpaper (4) to abut against the clamped metallographic sample (8) after the rotation angle, and repeat S5 to complete the further fine grinding work of the metallographic sample (8); S7: Repeat S6 until the grinding sandpaper (4) with the smallest abrasive grains has finished grinding the metallographic sample (8), thereby achieving fine grinding after rough grinding of the metallographic sample (8), and repeat S2-S3 again. At this time, the rotating seat (2) drives the grinding and polishing part equipped with the polishing wheel (5) to be placed on the upper side of the metallographic sample (8), and the bottom side of the polishing wheel (5) abuts against the upper side of the metallographic sample (8), and the second motor (10) is controlled to run, so that the polishing wheel (5) polishes the metallographic sample (8).

Images