Metamaterial 3D printing device and printing method

Abstract

The metamaterial 3D printing device comprises an X-axis supporting structure, an X-axis sliding block is connected to the X-axis supporting structure in a sliding mode, a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece are vertically connected to the X-axis sliding block, an extrusion needle cylinder up-down moving sliding block is connected to the first connecting piece in a sliding mode, and a scraping head up-down moving sliding block is connected to the second connecting piece in a sliding mode. The extrusion needle cylinder up-down moving sliding block is connected with an extrusion needle cylinder through an extrusion needle cylinder fixing piece, and the scraping head up-down moving sliding block is connected with a scraping head through a scraping head fixing piece; the deposition platform is installed on the Z-axis sliding block, the deposition platform can move up and down relative to the extrusion needle cylinder or the scraping head, and the metamaterial 3D printing method comprises the following steps that S1, a first layer of material is deposited on the deposition platform through the extrusion needle cylinder according to a preset path; and S2, directionally moving a scraping head on the deposited first layer of material according to a preset requirement to change the form of the locally deposited material so as to form the required metamaterial structure with high tensile property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to a metamaterial 3D printing device and a printing method. Background Art

[0002] Metamaterials are a general term for artificial materials with special properties. These materials often do not exist in nature and have certain properties that traditional artificial materials cannot achieve, such as changing the propagation properties of light, sound and electromagnetic waves. Metamaterials involve multiple fields, including but not limited to electromagnetic wave control, sound wave control, optics, thermal, mechanics and biomedicine. The performance of metamaterials does not depend on changes in material composition, but on the design of the structure, that is, the geometric structure characteristics and size.

[0003] The difficulty of metamaterial manufacturing lies in the manufacturing of complex structures and the control of precision, which limits the manufacturing restoration of complex structural designs. Methods such as lithography, stacking, nanoparticle assembly and material synthesis usually require highly sophisticated equipment and process conditions, and may also be limited by cost, scalability and other aspects in practical applications.

[0004] Additive manufacturing (3D printing) technology, as a digital preparation technology, can provide a new and unprecedented technical solution for the design and manufacture of metamaterials. Both 3D printing technology and metamaterial technology are regarded as disruptive technologies, and the innovative application of the two will undoubtedly have unpredictable value. However, in the 3D printing process, manufacturing is relatively easy to achieve, but the design of metamaterial structural units is relatively complex, which makes the path planning in the manufacturing process more cumbersome, which will also affect the printing effect to a certain extent, and the efficiency is not high enough. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to simplify the complex steps of designing metamaterial structural units, the present invention proposes a 3D printing manufacturing method and a printing device for structured metamaterials with adjustable stretching rate, which utilizes a movable scraper head to change the shape of unsolidified materials in the material extrusion 3D printing process.

[0006] A metamaterial 3D printing device comprises an X-axis support structure, an X-axis slider is slidably connected to the X-axis support structure, a connector 1 and a connector 2 are vertically connected to the X-axis slider, an extrusion syringe vertically movable slider is slidably connected to the connector 1, a scraper vertically movable slider is slidably connected to the connector 2, the extrusion syringe vertically movable slider is connected to the extrusion syringe via an extrusion syringe fixing member, and the scraper vertically movable slider is connected to the scraper via a scraper fixing member; a deposition platform is mounted on the Z-axis slider, the deposition platform can move up and down relative to the extrusion syringe or the scraper head, the deposition platform is used to deposit materials, and the scraper head is used to change the local morphology of the deposited material.

[0007] A metamaterial 3D printing method, applied to the above-mentioned metamaterial 3D printing device, comprises the following steps: S1: Depositing the first layer of material on the deposition platform according to a preset path using an extrusion syringe; S2: Use the scraper to move in a directional manner on the deposited first layer of material according to preset requirements, change the morphology of the locally deposited material, and form the desired metamaterial structure with high stretchability.

[0008] Furthermore, in S2, the scraper head does not contact the deposition platform during the movement.

[0009] Furthermore, in S1, the selected deposition material cannot be instantly cured and formed after printing, including but not limited to silicone rubber, hydrogel, liquid crystal elastomer, etc.

[0010] Beneficial effects of the present invention: Compared with the existing 3D printing metamaterial method, the present invention does not require the design of complex geometric shapes. It can achieve diversified design and manufacturing of metamaterials by simply changing the 3D printing process parameters (including filling rate, layer thickness, extrusion speed and moving speed, etc.) and controlling the sinking height and moving direction of the scraper head, thereby improving manufacturing efficiency and proposing a new idea for metamaterial processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the printing device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a printing effect diagram of Example 1 of the present invention (the direction of the arrow in the figure represents the direction of movement of the scraper); Figure 3 This is a printing effect diagram of Example 2 of the present invention (negative Poisson's ratio structured metamaterial); Figure 4 This is a printing effect diagram of Example 3 of the present invention (orthogonal multi-layer bent structured metamaterial); Figure 5 This is a printing effect diagram of Example 4 of the present invention (60° angle multi-layer bent structured metamaterial).

[0012] In the figure: 1: X-axis support structure, 2: extrusion syringe, 3: X-axis slider, 4: extrusion syringe fixing part, 5: extrusion syringe up and down moving slider, 6: connecting part 1, 7: connecting part 2, 8: scraper head up and down moving slider, 9: scraper head fixing part, 10: scraper head, 11: deposition platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention provides a metamaterial 3D printing method and printing device. To make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0014] A metamaterial 3D printing device comprises an X-axis support structure 1, an X-axis slider 3 is slidably connected to the X-axis support structure 1, a connector 1 6 and a connector 2 7 are vertically connected to the X-axis slider 3, an extrusion syringe vertically movable slider 5 is slidably connected to the connector 1 6, a scraper head vertically movable slider 8 is slidably connected to the connector 2 7, the extrusion syringe vertically movable slider 5 is connected to the extrusion syringe 2 via an extrusion syringe fixing member 4, and a scraper head 10 is connected to the scraper head vertically movable slider 8 via a scraper head fixing member 9; a deposition platform 11 is installed on the Z-axis slider, the deposition platform 11 can move up and down relative to the extrusion syringe 2 or the scraper head 10, the deposition platform 11 is used to deposit materials, and the scraper head 10 is used to change the local morphology of the deposited material.

[0015] A metamaterial 3D printing method comprises the following steps: S1: Using a needle with an inner diameter of 0.6 mm, using the extrusion syringe 2 on the deposition platform 11 in a straight line filling mode, the filling angle is 0°, the filling rate is 25%, the line spacing is 2.356 mm, the layer thickness is set to 0.48 mm, the extrusion speed is matched with the moving speed to ensure that the extrusion line width is 0.56-0.64 mm as the parameters to deposit the first layer of material; S2: Use the scraper 10 to move in a straight line on the deposited first layer of material, perpendicular to the printing direction of the first layer of material (angle is 90°), with a line spacing of 2.356mm, and set the height of the bottom of the scraper 10 from the deposition platform 11 to 0.1mm as a parameter for movement. The two adjacent movement directions are opposite, and the material at the intersection is driven by the scraper 10 to change its shape, forming the required bending metamaterial structure with high stretchability. The process effect is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0016] Embodiment 2 of the present invention: A metamaterial 3D printing method comprises the following steps: S1: The material is a photocurable resin-based ink, a needle with an inner diameter of 0.4 mm is used, and the extrusion syringe 2 is used on the deposition platform 11 in a linear filling mode. The layer thickness is set to 0.3 mm, the angle is 0°, the filling rate is 25%, the line spacing is 1.675 mm, and the extrusion speed is matched with the moving speed to ensure that the extrusion line width is 0.56-0.64 mm as the parameters to deposit the first layer of material; S2: Use the scraper 10 to move in a straight line on the deposited first layer of material, perpendicular to the printing direction of the first layer of material (angle is 90°), with a height of 0.05mm from the deposition platform 11 and a line spacing of 1.675mm as parameters. The moving directions of two adjacent deposition lines are opposite, and the material at the intersection is driven by the scraper 10 to change its shape, and then UV curing is performed to fix the shape of the first layer of material; S3: Repeat S1 to S2 several times to form Figure 3 The negative Poisson's ratio structured metamaterial shown in the figure has the following effects: Figure 3 As shown, the arrow direction represents the moving direction of the intersection of the scraper head 10 and the deposited material. Embodiment 3 of the present invention: A metamaterial 3D printing method comprises the following steps: S1: The material is selected as heat-cured PDMS ink, a needle with an inner diameter of 0.6 mm is used, and the extrusion syringe 2 is used on the deposition platform 11 in a straight line filling mode, with a filling angle of 0°, a filling rate of 25%, a line spacing of 2.356 mm, and a layer thickness of 0.48 mm. The extrusion speed is matched with the moving speed to ensure that the extrusion line width is 0.56-0.64 mm as the parameters to deposit the first layer of material; S2: Using the extrusion syringe 2, deposit the second layer of material in a straight line filling mode on the first layer of material, with a filling angle of 90°, a filling rate of 25%, a line spacing of 2.356 mm, a layer thickness of 0.48 mm, and matching the extrusion speed with the moving speed to ensure that the extrusion line width is 0.56-0.64 mm as the parameter; S3: The scraper 10 is used to move on the deposited second layer of material in a straight line mode, parallel to the printing direction of the first layer of material (angle is 0°), with a height of 0.72 mm from the deposition platform 11 and a line spacing of 2.356 mm as parameters. The directions of two adjacent movements are opposite, and the deposited material at the intersection is driven by the scraper 10 to change shape; S4: Repeat S1 to S3 for a total of 9 times to form a printed component, and then perform thermal curing to fix the final shape. Figure 4 shown.

[0017] In the above S3, the height between the scraper head 10 and the deposition platform 11 must be the sum of the thickness of the first layer of material and 50% of the thickness of the second layer of material.

[0018] Embodiment 4 of the present invention: A metamaterial 3D printing method comprises the following steps: S1: The material is selected as heat-cured PDMS ink, a needle with an inner diameter of 0.6 mm is used, and the extrusion syringe 2 is used on the deposition platform 11 in a straight line filling mode, with a filling angle of 0°, a filling rate of 25%, a line spacing of 2.356 mm, and a layer thickness of 0.48 mm. The extrusion speed is matched with the moving speed to ensure that the extrusion line width is 0.56-0.64 mm as the parameters to deposit the first layer of material; S2: Using the extrusion syringe 2, deposit the second layer of material in a straight line filling mode on the first layer of material, with a filling angle of 60°, a filling rate of 25%, a line spacing of 2.356 mm, a layer thickness of 0.48 mm, and matching the extrusion speed with the moving speed to ensure that the extrusion line width is 0.56-0.64 mm as parameters; S3: The scraper 10 is used to move on the deposited second layer of material in a straight line mode, parallel to the printing direction of the first layer of material (angle is 0°), with a height of 0.72 mm from the deposition platform 11 and a line spacing of 2.356 mm as parameters. The directions of two adjacent movements are opposite, and the deposited material at the intersection is driven by the scraper 10 to change shape; S4: Repeat S1 to S3 for a total of 9 times to form a printed component, and then perform thermal curing to fix the final shape. Figure 5 shown.

[0019] In the above S3, the height between the scraper head 10 and the deposition platform 11 must be the sum of the thickness of the first layer of material and 50% of the thickness of the second layer of material.

Claims

1. A metamaterial 3D printing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an X-axis support structure (1), an X-axis slider (3) being slidably connected to the X-axis support structure (1), a connecting piece 1 (6) and a connecting piece 2 (7) being vertically connected to the X-axis slider (3), an extrusion syringe vertically movable slider (5) being slidably connected to the connecting piece 1 (6), a scraper head vertically movable slider (8) being slidably connected to the connecting piece 2 (7), an extrusion syringe vertically movable slider (5) being connected to the extrusion syringe (2) via an extrusion syringe fixing piece (4), and a scraper head (10) being connected to the scraper head vertically movable slider (8) via a scraper head fixing piece (9); a deposition platform (11) being mounted on the Z-axis slider, the deposition platform (11) being able to move up and down relative to the extrusion syringe (2) or the scraper head (10), the deposition platform (11) being used to deposit material, and the scraper head (10) being used to change the local morphology of the deposited material.

2. A metamaterial 3D printing method, using a metamaterial 3D printing device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: using an extrusion syringe (2) to deposit a first layer of material on a deposition platform (11) according to a preset path; S2: Using the scraper (10) to move in a directional manner on the deposited first layer of material according to preset requirements, the morphology of the locally deposited material is changed to form the desired metamaterial structure with high stretchability.

3. A metamaterial 3D printing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, the scraper head (10) does not contact the deposition platform (11) during the movement.

4. A metamaterial 3D printing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, the selected deposition material cannot be instantly cured and formed after printing, including but not limited to silicone rubber, hydrogel, and liquid crystal elastomer.

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