Powder covering device for laser cladding and operation method thereof

Abstract

According to the powder covering device for laser cladding and the operation method of the powder covering device, a mechanical arm is arranged on the rear side of a cladding machine tool, a cladding head is installed at one end of the mechanical arm, a powder outlet nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the cladding head, and a sealing cover is rotationally installed below the powder outlet nozzle; an anti-static fan is installed above one side of the cladding machine tool, a cladding base material cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side of the powder outlet nozzle, and the cladding base material cleaning mechanism comprises a driving ring motor, a fixing base, a cladding base material cleaning mechanism electric telescopic cylinder, a cleaning ring, a driven gear and a driving gear. The problems that when powder is conveyed in a pipeline, frequent friction and collision occur between the powder and the wall of the pipeline, transfer and accumulation of charges are caused, static electricity is generated, electrostatic adsorption causes accumulation of the powder on the inner wall of the pipeline, the effective conveying area of the pipeline is reduced, the conveying efficiency of the powder is reduced, and the service life of the powder is prolonged can be solved. And the thickness of the coating is not uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure belong to the technical field of powder covering, and specifically relate to a powder covering device for laser cladding and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The powder covering device for laser cladding is an important part of laser cladding technology. It is responsible for evenly covering the powder material on the surface of the substrate so that the laser beam can perform cladding treatment. The powder covering device for laser cladding usually includes multiple parts such as a powder feeding system, a control system, and auxiliary equipment. The powder feeding system is responsible for delivering the powder material to the action area of ​​the laser beam at a predetermined speed and amount, and the control system is responsible for adjusting parameters such as the powder feeding speed and powder flow rate to ensure the stability and quality of the cladding process. The powder covering device for laser cladding is widely used in the fields of automobile manufacturing, petrochemicals, aerospace, machinery manufacturing and repair, etc. It can perform surface modification treatment on various metal and non-metal substrates to improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and oxidation resistance of the substrate.

[0003] The Chinese patent publication number is CN106583920A, which discloses a laser cladding device for converting the incident light beam to clad the cladding material on the substrate. The laser cladding device includes a support frame and a conical reflection diffuser and a reflection focusing assembly arranged on the support frame. The conical reflection diffuser expands the incident light beam and reflects it along the circumferential direction of the conical reflection diffuser to form a reflected light beam; the reflection focusing assembly includes a reflection focusing surface and a reflection surface; the reflection focusing surface receives part of the reflected light beam and then reflects it to form a focused light beam to form a focused light spot on the substrate to melt the cladding material located in the focused light spot, thereby forming a molten pool on the substrate; the reflection surface receives part of the reflected light beam and then reflects it to form a preheating light beam, the preheating light beam preheats the cladding material located above the substrate, and / or the preheating light beam preheats and slowly cools the substrate.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art solutions have the following defects: when the powder is transported in the pipeline, frequent friction and collision will occur between the powder and the pipeline wall. These physical processes will cause the transfer and accumulation of charges, thereby generating static electricity. At the same time, since the charge is not easy to be neutralized when the humidity of the powder and the protective gas is low, static electricity is more likely to be generated and accumulated. Static electricity adsorption will cause the powder to accumulate on the inner wall of the pipeline, reducing the effective conveying area of ​​the pipeline, thereby reducing the conveying efficiency of the powder, resulting in uneven coating thickness. The degree of adsorption of the powder on the inner wall of the pipeline is different, resulting in differences in the amount of powder in different areas during laser cladding, which in turn affects the uniformity of the coating. The adsorption of powder in the pipeline may also cause defects such as pores and inclusions on the surface of the coating. These defects will reduce the density and corrosion resistance of the coating. In order to make up for the lack of uniformity and quality of the coating, we propose a powder covering device for laser cladding and an operating method thereof to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present disclosure aim to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide a powder covering device for laser cladding and an operating method thereof. For example, when the powder is transported in the pipeline, frequent friction and collision will occur between the powder and the pipeline wall. These physical processes will cause the transfer and accumulation of charges, thereby generating static electricity. At the same time, since the charge is not easy to be neutralized when the humidity of the powder and the protective gas is low, static electricity is more likely to be generated and accumulated. Static adsorption will cause the powder to accumulate on the inner wall of the pipeline, reducing the effective conveying area of ​​the pipeline, thereby reducing the conveying efficiency of the powder, resulting in uneven coating thickness. The degree of adsorption of the powder on the inner wall of the pipeline is different, so that there are differences in the amount of powder in different areas during laser cladding, which in turn affects the uniformity of the coating. The adsorption of the powder in the pipeline may also cause defects such as pores and inclusions on the surface of the coating. These defects will reduce the density and corrosion resistance of the coating. In order to make up for the lack of uniformity and quality of the coating.

[0006] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a powder covering device for laser cladding,

[0007] The invention comprises a cladding machine, wherein a mechanical arm is arranged at the rear side of the cladding machine, a cladding head is installed at one end of the mechanical arm, a powder outlet nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the cladding head, a sealing cover is rotatably installed below the powder outlet nozzle, an anti-static fan is installed above one side of the cladding machine, and a cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is arranged at one side of the powder outlet nozzle.

[0008] Optionally, a shielding gas tank is provided on one side of the cladding machine, a laser is provided on the side of the shielding gas tank away from the cladding machine, a powder feeder is provided on the other side of the cladding machine, clamping disks are symmetrically provided on the inner side of the upper end of the cladding machine, a cladding substrate is clamped between the two clamping disks, and a cladding head is located above the cladding substrate, the powder feeder and the powder outlet nozzle are sealedly connected by a powder feeder connecting pipe, and a three-way valve is provided on one end of the powder feeder connecting pipe close to the powder feeder, and a filter box is sealedly connected above the three-way valve.

[0009] Optionally, the air outlet end of the protective gas tank is sealedly connected to the first air inlet main pipe, an air intake pump is provided on one side of the anti-static blower, and the air intake end of the air intake pump is sealedly connected to the first air inlet main pipe, a three-way valve is provided above the anti-static blower, and the anti-static blower and the lower end of the three-way valve are sealedly connected via a second solenoid valve.

[0010] Optionally, the air outlet end of the air intake pump is sealedly connected to one end of the three-way valve via an air supply pipe, a first solenoid valve is sealedly installed at the connection between the air supply pipe and the three-way valve, the other end of the three-way valve is sealedly connected to a second air intake main pipe, both sides of the upper end of the powder outlet nozzle are sealedly connected to protective gas air intake pipes, and the protective gas air intake pipe and the second air intake main pipe are sealedly connected via a diverter valve.

[0011] Optionally, a laser groove is opened in the middle position of the powder outlet nozzle, a powder conveying pipe is opened inside the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, a powder inlet pipe is installed in an annular seal around the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, the powder inlet pipe is sealed and connected to the powder conveying pipe, and the powder conveying pipe extends to the lower end surface of the powder outlet nozzle.

[0012] Optionally, one end of the sealing cover is rotatably connected to the powder outlet nozzle via a rotating shaft, a sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, the upper end of the sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder is rotatably connected to the powder outlet nozzle via a rotating shaft, and the lower end of the sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder is rotatably connected to the upper end of the outer side of the sealing cover via a rotating shaft.

[0013] Optionally, an iron block fixing block is provided at one end of the sealing cover, an iron block is installed inside the iron block fixing block, an electromagnetic block fixing seat is provided on the other side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, an electromagnetic block is provided inside the electromagnetic block fixing seat, the electromagnetic block is magnetically connected to the iron block, a sealing strip is fitted at the connection between the sealing cover and the powder outlet nozzle, an air intake groove is opened at the center position of the upper end of the sealing cover, and the air intake groove is communicated with the laser groove and the powder conveying pipe.

[0014] Optionally, the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism includes a drive ring motor, a fixed seat, an electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism, a cleaning ring, a driven gear and a driving gear, the drive ring is located outside the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, and the powder outlet nozzle is rotatably connected to the drive ring, and a driven gear is provided at the upper end of the drive ring.

[0015] Optionally, a driving ring motor is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, a driving gear is transmission-connected below the driving ring motor, and the driving gear is meshingly connected with the driven gear, a fixing seat is fixedly installed on one side of the driving ring, an electric telescopic cylinder of a cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is symmetrically installed below the fixing seat, a cleaning ring is fixedly installed below the electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism, the cross-section of the cleaning ring is a fan-shaped ring structure, and the cleaning ring is in contact with the cladding substrate.

[0016] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an operating method of a powder covering device for laser cladding, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: During laser cladding, firstly, the two ends of the cladding substrate are fixedly clamped by the clamping plate, and the cladding machine is started to drive the clamping plate to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the cladding substrate to rotate, and then the robot arm is adjusted to place the cleaning ring of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism above the cladding substrate;

[0018] Step 2: According to the direction of the subsequent cladding operation, the cleaning ring is driven to the opposite direction of the cladding operation, and the driving ring motor is driven. The driving ring motor drives the driving gear to rotate. The driving gear drives the driving ring provided with the driven gear to rotate in a circle under the limit of the powder outlet nozzle through meshing connection until the cleaning ring and the cladding substrate are kept parallel. Then, the electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is extended to make the cleaning sheet inside the cleaning ring fit with the cladding substrate, thereby cleaning the rotating cladding substrate;

[0019] Step 3: Turn on the powder feeder and the air intake pump and open the valve of the shielding gas tank. The powder feeder transports the powder to the powder inlet pipe, which is guided into the powder delivery pipe and then sprayed on the surface of the cladding substrate. The shielding gas is injected into the shielding gas inlet pipe through the air delivery pipe and the second air intake main pipe by the suction of the air intake pump. The shielding gas enters the laser slot through the shielding gas inlet pipe. At the same time, the laser emitted by the laser is transmitted to the inside of the laser slot and irradiated on the surface of the cladding substrate, so that the powder sprayed on the surface of the cladding substrate is quickly melted to form a molten pool. The molten pool is quickly cooled and solidified after the laser beam leaves, forming a dense, uniform cladding layer with controllable thickness.

[0020] Step 4: When cleaning, the electric telescopic cylinder of the sealing cover is extended to drive the sealing cover to rotate along the rotating shaft between the sealing cover and the powder outlet nozzle, so that the sealing cover moves to the bottom of the powder outlet nozzle and fits with the powder outlet nozzle. At this time, the power of the electromagnetic block is turned on, and the electromagnetic block and the iron block are magnetically attracted to each other, thereby locking the position of the sealing cover;

[0021] Step 5: Close the first solenoid valve and open the second solenoid valve, and let the three-way valve connect the second air intake manifold and the air intake pipe of the anti-static fan. At this time, turn on the anti-static fan, and a stable high-intensity electric field will be formed inside the anti-static fan to ionize the surrounding air molecules to form ions. These ions are mainly composed of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions. The ionized air molecules are charged to form a large number of positive and negative ions. These ions are blown out with the airflow generated by the fan, forming an airflow with positive and negative charges. When this airflow with positive and negative charges contacts the surface of an object with static charge, a charge neutralization reaction will occur. Specifically, if the surface of an object has a negative charge, it will attract the positive charge in the airflow; conversely, if the surface of an object has a positive charge, it will attract the negative charge in the airflow. Through the neutralization reaction of the charge, the static charge on the surface of the object is effectively eliminated, and the airflow enters the protective gas inlet pipe along the second air inlet main pipe, and is then guided into the powder conveying pipe along the curvature of the air inlet groove. The positive and negative charges in the airflow neutralize the static electricity inside the powder conveying pipe, thereby blowing off the powder adsorbed on the inner wall of the powder conveying pipe, and the powder moves toward the powder feeder along the airflow. Close the valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe and open the valve in the direction of the filter box. Adjust the three-way valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe to allow the gas to flow toward the filter box above, and the gas is filtered by the filter box and discharged.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the powder covering device for laser cladding and the operating method thereof of the embodiment of the present disclosure have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. When cleaning, the embodiment of the present disclosure extends the sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder to drive the sealing cover to rotate along the rotating shaft between the powder outlet, so that the sealing cover moves to the bottom of the powder outlet and fits with the powder outlet. At this time, the power supply of the electromagnetic block is turned on, and the electromagnetic block and the iron block are magnetically adsorbed, thereby locking the position of the sealing cover, closing the first electromagnetic valve and opening the second electromagnetic valve, allowing the three-way valve to connect the second air intake manifold and the air intake pipe of the anti-static fan, and then turning on the anti-static fan. A stable high-intensity electric field will be formed inside the anti-static fan to ionize the surrounding air molecules to form ions. These ions are mainly composed of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions. The ionized air molecules are charged to form a large number of positive and negative ions. These ions are blown out with the airflow generated by the fan, forming an airflow with positive and negative charges. When this airflow with positive and negative charges contacts the surface of an object with static charge, a charge neutralization reaction will occur. Specifically, if the surface of an object has a negative charge, it will attract the positive charge in the airflow; conversely, if the surface of an object has a positive charge, it will attract the negative charge in the airflow. Through the neutralization reaction of the charge, the static charge on the surface of the object is effectively eliminated, and the airflow enters the protective gas inlet pipe along the second air inlet main pipe, and is then guided into the powder conveying pipe along the curvature of the air inlet groove. The positive and negative charges in the airflow neutralize the static electricity inside the powder conveying pipe, thereby blowing off the powder adsorbed on the inner wall of the powder conveying pipe, and the powder moves toward the powder feeder along the airflow. Close the valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe and open the valve in the direction of the filter box. Adjust the three-way valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe to allow the gas to flow toward the filter box above, and the gas is filtered by the filter box and discharged. It solves the problem that when the powder is transported in the pipeline, there will be frequent friction and collision with the pipeline wall. These physical processes will lead to the transfer and accumulation of charges, thereby generating static electricity. At the same time, since the charge is not easy to be neutralized when the humidity of the powder and the protective gas is low, static electricity is more likely to be generated and accumulated. Static electricity adsorption will cause the powder to accumulate on the inner wall of the pipeline, reducing the effective conveying area of ​​the pipeline, thereby reducing the conveying efficiency of the powder, resulting in uneven coating thickness. The degree of adsorption of powder on the inner wall of the pipeline is different, resulting in differences in the amount of powder in different areas during laser cladding, which in turn affects the uniformity of the coating. The adsorption of powder in the pipeline may also cause defects such as pores and inclusions on the surface of the coating. These defects will reduce the density and corrosion resistance of the coating. In order to make up for the problems of insufficient uniformity and quality of the coating.

[0024] 2. The cladding substrate cleaning mechanism of the embodiment of the present disclosure can clean the cladding substrate, fix and clamp the two ends of the cladding substrate through the clamping disk, start the cladding machine to drive the clamping disk to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the cladding substrate to rotate, and then adjust the mechanical arm to place the cleaning ring of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism above the cladding substrate, and according to the direction of the subsequent cladding operation, drive the cleaning ring to the opposite direction of the cladding operation, drive the driving ring motor, and drive the driving gear to rotate. The driving gear drives the driving ring provided with a driven gear to rotate in a circle under the limit of the powder outlet nozzle through meshing connection until the cleaning ring and the cladding substrate are kept parallel, and then the electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is extended to make the cleaning sheet inside the cleaning ring fit with the cladding substrate, thereby cleaning the rotating cladding substrate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a powder covering device for laser cladding according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a powder outlet nozzle in a working state according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of another working state of a powder discharge nozzle according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of area A;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of area B in FIG.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of area C in FIG.

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of area D in FIG.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Cladding machine; 2. Laser; 3. Shielding gas tank; 4. Powder feeder; 5. Clamping plate; 6. Cladding substrate; 7. Robotic arm; 8. Cladding head; 9. Cladding substrate cleaning mechanism; 10. Powder outlet; 11. Laser slot; 12. Shielding gas inlet pipe; 13. Powder inlet pipe; 14. Powder delivery pipe; 15. Sealing cover; 16. Sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder; 17. Electromagnetic block fixing seat; 18. First air inlet manifold; 19. Air inlet pump; 20. The first solenoid valve; 21. The second air intake manifold; 22. The three-way valve; 23. The second solenoid valve; 24. The anti-static fan; 25. The drive ring; 26. The drive ring motor; 27. The fixing seat; 28. The electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism; 29. ​​The cleaning ring; 30. The driven gear; 31. The air inlet groove; 32. The sealing strip; 33. The iron block fixing block; 34. The iron block; 35. The electromagnetic block; 36. The air pipe; 37. The driving gear; 38. The filter box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present disclosure, the present disclosure is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a powder covering device for laser cladding comprises a cladding machine 1, a mechanical arm 7 is arranged on the rear side of the cladding machine 1, a cladding head 8 is installed at one end of the mechanical arm 7, a powder outlet nozzle 10 is arranged at the lower end of the cladding head 8, a sealing cover 15 is rotatably installed below the powder outlet nozzle 10, an anti-static fan 24 is installed above one side of the cladding machine 1, and a cladding substrate cleaning mechanism 9 is arranged on one side of the powder outlet nozzle 10.

[0035] When cleaning, the electric telescopic cylinder of the extended sealing cover drives the sealing cover to rotate along the rotating shaft between the powder outlet nozzle, so that the sealing cover moves to the bottom of the powder outlet nozzle and fits with the powder outlet nozzle. At this time, the power supply of the electromagnetic block is turned on, and the electromagnetic block and the iron block are magnetically adsorbed, thereby locking the position of the sealing cover, closing the first solenoid valve and opening the second solenoid valve, and connecting the three-way valve to the second air intake manifold and the air intake pipe of the anti-static fan. At this time, the anti-static fan is turned on, and a stable high-intensity electric field will be formed inside the anti-static fan to ionize the surrounding air molecules to form ions. These ions are mainly composed of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions. The ionized air molecules are charged to form a large number of positive and negative ions. These ions are blown out with the airflow generated by the fan, forming an airflow with positive and negative charges. When this airflow with positive and negative charges contacts the surface of an object with static charge, a charge neutralization reaction will occur. Specifically, if the surface of an object is negatively charged, it will attract the positive charge in the airflow. On the contrary, if the surface of the object has a positive charge, it will attract the negative charge in the airflow. Through the neutralization reaction of the charge, the static charge on the surface of the object is effectively eliminated, and the airflow enters the protective gas inlet pipe along the second air inlet main pipe, and is then guided into the powder conveying pipe along the curvature of the air inlet groove. The positive and negative charges in the airflow neutralize the static electricity inside the powder conveying pipe, so that the powder adsorbed on the inner wall of the powder conveying pipe is blown off, and the powder moves toward the powder feeder along the airflow. Close the valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe and open the valve in the direction of the filter box. Adjust the three-way valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe to allow the gas to flow toward the filter box above. The gas is filtered by the filter box and then discharged.

[0036] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 A protective gas tank 3 is arranged on one side of the cladding machine 1, a laser 2 is arranged on the side of the protective gas tank 3 away from the cladding machine 1, a powder feeder 4 is arranged on the other side of the cladding machine 1, a clamping plate 5 is symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the cladding machine 1, a cladding substrate 6 is clamped between the two clamping plates 5, and a cladding head 8 is located above the cladding substrate 6, the powder feeder 4 is sealed and connected to the powder outlet nozzle 10 through a powder feeder connecting pipe, and a three-way valve 22 is arranged at one end of the powder feeder connecting pipe close to the powder feeder 4, a filter box 38 is sealed and connected above the three-way valve 22, the air outlet end of the protective gas tank 3 is sealed and connected to the first air intake main pipe 18, an air intake pump 19 is arranged on one side of the anti-static fan 24, and the air intake end of the air intake pump 19 is sealed and connected to the first air intake main pipe 18, a three-way valve 22 is arranged above the anti-static fan 24, and the anti-static fan 24 is sealed and connected to the lower end of the three-way valve 22 through a second solenoid valve 23.

[0037] See also Figure 4The air outlet end of the air intake pump 19 is sealedly connected to one end of the three-way valve 22 through an air supply pipe 36, and a first solenoid valve 20 is sealedly installed at the connection between the air supply pipe 36 and the three-way valve 22. The other end of the three-way valve 22 is sealedly connected to the second air intake main pipe 21, and both sides of the upper end of the powder outlet nozzle 10 are sealedly connected to the protective gas air intake pipe 12, and the protective gas air intake pipe 12 and the second air intake main pipe 21 are sealedly connected through a diverter valve.

[0038] See also Figure 2-3 A laser groove 11 is provided in the middle of the powder outlet nozzle 10, a powder conveying pipe 14 is provided inside the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle 10, a powder inlet pipe 13 is installed in an annular seal around the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle 10, the powder inlet pipe 13 is sealed and connected to the powder conveying pipe 14, and the powder conveying pipe 14 extends to the lower end surface of the powder outlet nozzle 10.

[0039] See also Figure 6-7 One end of the sealing cover 15 is rotatably connected to the powder outlet nozzle 10 through a rotating shaft, a sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder 16 is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle 10, the upper end of the sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder 16 is rotatably connected to the powder outlet nozzle 10 through a rotating shaft, the lower end of the sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder 16 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the outer side of the sealing cover 15 through a rotating shaft, an iron block fixing block 33 is provided at one end of the sealing cover 15, an iron block 34 is installed inside the iron block fixing block 33, an electromagnetic block fixing seat 17 is provided on the other side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle 10, an electromagnetic block 35 is provided inside the electromagnetic block fixing seat 17, and the electromagnetic block 35 is magnetically connected to the iron block 34, a sealing strip 32 is fitted at the connection between the sealing cover 15 and the powder outlet nozzle 10, an air inlet groove 31 is opened at the center position of the upper end of the sealing cover 15, and the air inlet groove 31 is connected with the laser groove 11 and the powder conveying pipe 14.

[0040] See also Figure 5 The cladding substrate cleaning mechanism 9 includes a driving ring motor 26, a fixed seat 27, an electric telescopic cylinder 28 for cleaning the cladding substrate, a cleaning ring 29, a driven gear 30 and a driving gear 37. The driving ring 25 is located outside the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle 10, and the powder outlet nozzle 10 is rotatably connected to the driving ring 25. A driven gear 30 is arranged at the upper end of the driving ring 25. A driving ring motor 26 is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle 10. A driving gear 37 is transmission-connected below the driving ring motor 26, and the driving gear 37 is meshed with the driven gear 30. A fixed seat 27 is fixedly installed on one side of the driving ring 25, and an electric telescopic cylinder 28 for cleaning the cladding substrate is symmetrically installed below the fixed seat 27. A cleaning ring 29 is fixedly installed below the electric telescopic cylinder 28 for cleaning the cladding substrate. The cross section of the cleaning ring 29 is a fan-shaped ring structure, and the cleaning ring 29 fits the cladding substrate 6.

[0041] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an operating method of a powder covering device for laser cladding, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: During laser cladding, firstly, the two ends of the cladding substrate 6 are fixedly clamped by the clamping plate 5, and the cladding machine 1 is started to drive the clamping plate 5 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the cladding substrate 6 to rotate, and then the robot arm 7 is adjusted to place the cleaning ring 29 of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism 9 above the cladding substrate 6.

[0043] Step 2: According to the direction of the subsequent cladding operation, the cleaning ring 29 is driven to the opposite direction of the cladding operation, and the driving ring motor 26 is driven. The driving ring motor 26 drives the driving gear 37 to rotate. The driving gear 37 drives the driving ring 25 provided with the driven gear 30 to rotate in a circle under the limit of the powder outlet nozzle 10 through meshing connection until the cleaning ring 29 is kept parallel to the cladding substrate 6, and then the electric telescopic cylinder 28 of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is extended to make the cleaning sheet inside the cleaning ring 29 fit with the cladding substrate 6, so as to clean the rotating cladding substrate 6.

[0044] Step 3: Turn on the powder feeder 4 and the air intake pump 19 and open the valve of the shielding gas tank 3. The powder feeder 4 transports the powder to the powder inlet pipe 13, which is guided into the powder delivery pipe 14 by the powder inlet pipe 13 and then sprayed on the surface of the cladding substrate 6. The shielding gas is injected into the shielding gas inlet pipe 12 through the air delivery pipe 36 and the second air intake main pipe 21 by the suction of the air intake pump 19. The shielding gas enters the laser slot 11 through the guidance of the shielding gas inlet pipe 12. At the same time, the laser emitted by the laser 2 is transmitted to the inside of the laser slot 11 and irradiated on the surface of the cladding substrate 6, so that the powder sprayed on the surface of the cladding substrate 6 is quickly melted to form a molten pool. The molten pool is quickly cooled and solidified after the laser beam leaves, forming a dense, uniform cladding layer with controllable thickness.

[0045] Step 4: During cleaning, the electric telescopic cylinder 16 of the sealing cover is extended to drive the sealing cover 15 to rotate along the rotating shaft between the sealing cover 15 and the powder outlet nozzle 10, so that the sealing cover 15 moves to the bottom of the powder outlet nozzle 10 and fits with the powder outlet nozzle 10. At this time, the power of the electromagnetic block 35 is turned on, and the electromagnetic block 35 and the iron block 34 are magnetically attracted to each other, thereby locking the position of the sealing cover 15.

[0046] Step 5: Close the first solenoid valve 20 and open the second solenoid valve 23, and let the three-way valve 22 connect the second air intake manifold 21 and the air intake pipe of the anti-static fan 24. At this time, turn on the anti-static fan 24. A stable high-intensity electric field will be formed inside the anti-static fan, which can ionize the surrounding air molecules to form ions. These ions are mainly composed of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions. The ionized air molecules are charged to form a large number of positive and negative ions. These ions are blown out with the airflow generated by the fan, forming an airflow with positive and negative charges. When this airflow with positive and negative charges contacts the surface of an object with static charge, a charge neutralization reaction will occur. Specifically, if the surface of an object is negatively charged, it will attract the positive charge in the airflow. On the contrary, if the surface of the object has a positive charge, it will attract the negative charge in the airflow. Through the neutralization reaction of the charge, the static charge on the surface of the object is effectively eliminated, and the airflow enters the protective gas inlet pipe 12 along the second air inlet manifold 21, and is then guided into the powder conveying pipe 14 along the curvature of the air inlet groove 31. The positive and negative charges in the airflow neutralize the static electricity inside the powder conveying pipe 14, so that the powder adsorbed on the inner wall of the powder conveying pipe 14 is blown off, and the powder moves toward the powder feeder 4 along the airflow. The valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe is closed and the valve in the direction of the filter box 38 is opened. The three-way valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe is adjusted to allow the gas to flow toward the filter box 38 above. The gas is filtered by the filter box 38 and then discharged.

[0047] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A powder covering device for laser cladding, comprising a cladding machine tool, Features: A mechanical arm is arranged at the rear side of the cladding machine, a cladding head is installed at one end of the mechanical arm, a powder outlet nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the cladding head, a sealing cover is rotatably installed below the powder outlet nozzle, an anti-static fan is installed above one side of the cladding machine, and a cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is arranged on one side of the powder outlet nozzle.

2. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 1, Features: A shielding gas tank is arranged on one side of the cladding machine, a laser is arranged on the side of the shielding gas tank away from the cladding machine, a powder feeder is arranged on the other side of the cladding machine, clamping disks are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the cladding machine, a cladding substrate is clamped between the two clamping disks, and a cladding head is located above the cladding substrate, the powder feeder is sealed and connected to the powder outlet nozzle through a powder feeder connecting pipe, and a three-way valve is arranged on one end of the powder feeder connecting pipe close to the powder feeder, and a filter box is sealed and connected above the three-way valve.

3. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 2, Features: The air outlet end of the protective gas tank is sealedly connected to the first air inlet main pipe, an air intake pump is arranged on one side of the anti-static blower, and the air intake end of the air intake pump is sealedly connected to the first air inlet main pipe, a three-way valve is arranged above the anti-static blower, and the anti-static blower is sealedly connected to the lower end of the three-way valve via a second solenoid valve.

4. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 3, Features: The air outlet end of the air intake pump is sealed and connected to one end of the three-way valve via an air supply pipe, a first solenoid valve is sealed and installed at the connection between the air supply pipe and the three-way valve, the other end of the three-way valve is sealed and connected to a second air intake main pipe, both sides of the upper end of the powder outlet nozzle are sealed and connected to protective gas air intake pipes, and the protective gas air intake pipe and the second air intake main pipe are sealed and connected via a diverter valve.

5. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 4, Features: A laser groove is provided in the middle of the powder outlet nozzle, a powder conveying pipe is provided inside the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, a powder inlet pipe is installed in an annular seal around the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, the powder inlet pipe is sealed and connected to the powder conveying pipe, and the powder conveying pipe extends to the lower end surface of the powder outlet nozzle.

6. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 5, Features: One end of the sealing cover is rotatably connected to the powder outlet nozzle via a rotating shaft, a sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, the upper end of the sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder is rotatably connected to the powder outlet nozzle via a rotating shaft, and the lower end of the sealing cover electric telescopic cylinder is rotatably connected to the upper end of the outer side of the sealing cover via a rotating shaft.

7. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 6, Features: An iron block fixing block is provided at one end of the sealing cover, an iron block is installed inside the iron block fixing block, an electromagnetic block fixing seat is provided on the other side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, an electromagnetic block is provided inside the electromagnetic block fixing seat, the electromagnetic block is magnetically connected to the iron block, a sealing strip is fitted at the connection between the sealing cover and the powder outlet nozzle, an air inlet groove is provided at the center position of the upper end of the sealing cover, and the air inlet groove is communicated with the laser groove and the powder conveying pipe.

8. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 7, Features: The cladding substrate cleaning mechanism includes a drive ring motor, a fixing seat, an electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism, a cleaning ring, a driven gear and a driving gear. The drive ring is located outside the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, and the powder outlet nozzle is rotatably connected to the drive ring. The upper end of the drive ring is provided with a driven gear.

9. The powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 8, Features: A driving ring motor is installed on one side of the lower end of the powder outlet nozzle, a driving gear is transmission-connected below the driving ring motor, and the driving gear is meshingly connected with the driven gear, a fixing seat is fixedly installed on one side of the driving ring, an electric telescopic cylinder of a cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is symmetrically installed below the fixing seat, a cleaning ring is fixedly installed below the electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism, the cross section of the cleaning ring is a fan-shaped ring structure, and the cleaning ring is in contact with the cladding substrate.

10. The operating method of the powder covering device for laser cladding according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: Step 1: During laser cladding, firstly, the two ends of the cladding substrate are fixedly clamped by the clamping plate, and the cladding machine is started to drive the clamping plate to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the cladding substrate to rotate, and then the robot arm is adjusted to place the cleaning ring of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism above the cladding substrate; Step 2: According to the direction of the subsequent cladding operation, the cleaning ring is driven to the opposite direction of the cladding operation, and the driving ring motor is driven. The driving ring motor drives the driving gear to rotate. The driving gear drives the driving ring provided with the driven gear to rotate in a circle under the limit of the powder outlet nozzle through meshing connection until the cleaning ring and the cladding substrate are kept parallel. Then, the electric telescopic cylinder of the cladding substrate cleaning mechanism is extended to make the cleaning sheet inside the cleaning ring fit with the cladding substrate, thereby cleaning the rotating cladding substrate; Step 3: Turn on the powder feeder and the air intake pump and open the valve of the shielding gas tank. The powder feeder transports the powder to the powder inlet pipe, which is guided into the powder delivery pipe and then sprayed on the surface of the cladding substrate. The shielding gas is injected into the shielding gas inlet pipe through the air delivery pipe and the second air intake main pipe by the suction of the air intake pump. The shielding gas enters the laser slot through the shielding gas inlet pipe. At the same time, the laser emitted by the laser is transmitted to the inside of the laser slot and irradiated on the surface of the cladding substrate, so that the powder sprayed on the surface of the cladding substrate is quickly melted to form a molten pool. The molten pool is quickly cooled and solidified after the laser beam leaves, forming a dense, uniform cladding layer with controllable thickness. Step 4: When cleaning, the electric telescopic cylinder of the sealing cover is extended to drive the sealing cover to rotate along the rotating shaft between the sealing cover and the powder outlet nozzle, so that the sealing cover moves to the bottom of the powder outlet nozzle and fits with the powder outlet nozzle. At this time, the power of the electromagnetic block is turned on, and the electromagnetic block and the iron block are magnetically attracted to each other, thereby locking the position of the sealing cover; Step 5: Close the first solenoid valve and open the second solenoid valve, connect the second air intake manifold with the air intake pipe of the anti-static fan through the three-way valve. At this time, turn on the anti-static fan. A stable high-intensity electric field will be formed inside the anti-static fan, which can ionize the surrounding air molecules to form ions. These ions are mainly composed of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions. The ionized air molecules are charged to form a large number of positive and negative ions. These ions are blown out with the airflow generated by the fan to form an airflow with positive and negative charges. When this airflow with positive and negative charges contacts the surface of an object with static charge, a charge neutralization reaction will occur. Specifically, if the surface of the object is charged If there is a negative charge, it will attract the positive charge in the airflow; conversely, if the surface of an object carries a positive charge, it will attract the negative charge in the airflow. Through the neutralization reaction of the charge, the static charge on the surface of the object is effectively eliminated, and the airflow enters the protective gas inlet pipe along the second air inlet main pipe, and is then guided into the powder conveying pipe along the arc of the air inlet groove. The positive and negative charges in the airflow neutralize the static electricity inside the powder conveying pipe, thereby blowing off the powder adsorbed on the inner wall of the powder conveying pipe, and the powder moves toward the powder feeder along the airflow. Close the valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe and open the valve in the direction of the filter box. Adjust the three-way valve on the powder feeder connecting pipe to allow the gas to flow toward the filter box above, and the gas is filtered by the filter box and then discharged.

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