A device and method for opening a hole on a tunnel slope outside a TBM shield

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of TBM advance drilling, and in particular to a device and method for opening a hole on a tunnel slope outside a TBM shield, comprising: a drilling assembly, the outer circumference of which is provided with an annular groove; a casing assembly, which is sleeved outside the drilling assembly and the inner circumference of which is provided with an annular protrusion that matches the annular groove. When the drilling assembly is drilling, the casing assembly can move forward with the drilling assembly, and the relative position of the drill bit and the casing assembly remains fixed, which always plays a radial supporting role for the drilling assembly, preventing the drill bit from deflecting and causing the hole to deflect, and the casing assembly will not rotate with the drilling assembly to prevent damage to the grouting conduit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of TBM advance drilling, and in particular to a device and a method for opening a hole on a tunnel slope outside a TBM shield. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of full-face hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) tunnel engineering, it is necessary to use an advance drilling rig to conduct advance drilling or advance pipe support construction through the advance grouting conduit on the TBM shield. Since the deflection angle between the grouting conduit and the TBM excavation direction is small, generally between 6°-10°, and there is a 40~50mm gap between the shield and the tunnel wall, when the advance drill bit extends from the TBM's grouting conduit, it can only drill holes on the tunnel wall at a small angle, and the drilling is seriously deflected, which can easily cause the drill to get stuck. In addition, when facing rocks with medium hardness or above, it is often impossible to drill holes smoothly, which seriously affects the efficiency of advance drilling and tunnel excavation construction.

[0003] There are generally two types of construction methods:

[0004] 1. Relying on the rigidity of the drill pipe and the support of the TBM grouting pipe to directly drill holes and slowly grind the tunnel slope. This method has serious hole deviation and low efficiency.

[0005] 2. Install a casing with an inner diameter slightly larger than the drill bit diameter in the TBM grouting conduit to guide and support the drill bit when drilling. During the drilling process, the drill bit cuts the rock wall while cutting the casing, which will cause serious wear on the drill bit and the casing. In addition, since the drill bit diameter is larger than the drill pipe diameter, when the drill bit moves forward and leaves the guide casing, it loses direct guide support, causing the drill bit to deviate in direction, and ultimately it is still difficult to avoid the problem of hole deviation. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the existing problems of easy deviation and casing wear during advance drilling on the tunnel wall, and to provide a device and method for opening a hole on the tunnel slope outside the TBM shield.

[0007] The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: a device for opening a hole on a tunnel slope outside a TBM shield, wherein a grouting conduit connected to the tunnel rock wall is provided on the side of the TBM shield, and the device comprises:

[0008] A drilling assembly, comprising a drill bit and a drill rod fixedly connected to the drill bit, wherein an annular groove is arranged on the outer periphery of the drilling assembly;

[0009] The casing assembly is sleeved on the outside of the drilling assembly and penetrated into the grouting conduit. An annular protrusion is circumferentially arranged inside the casing assembly to match the annular groove gap. The blade of the drill bit is located outside the casing assembly.

[0010] When in use, the casing assembly is installed in the grouting conduit, and the drilling assembly and the casing assembly are axially fixed through the clearance fit of the annular groove and the annular protrusion, and the circumferential relative rotation is not hindered. Therefore, when the drilling assembly is drilling, the casing assembly can move forward with the drilling assembly, and the relative position of the drill bit and the casing assembly remains fixed, always playing a radial supporting role for the drilling assembly to prevent the drill bit from being skewed and causing the hole to be skewed; the blade of the drill bit is located outside the casing assembly, which avoids the drill bit from grinding the casing assembly; because the contact area between the casing assembly and the grouting conduit is larger than the contact area between the casing assembly and the drilling assembly, the friction between the casing assembly and the grouting conduit is greater than the friction between the casing assembly and the drilling assembly, so the casing assembly will not rotate with the drilling assembly, and the casing assembly will not damage the grouting conduit.

[0011] Preferably, the casing assembly comprises a drilling guide sleeve and a casing body detachably connected to the drilling guide sleeve, wherein the drilling guide sleeve is located on a side close to the drill bit and the annular protrusion is located on the inner circumference of the drilling guide sleeve. The annular protrusion is also provided on the drilling guide sleeve, which is easy to wear and tear, and can therefore be replaced as a replacement part to reduce the use cost.

[0012] Preferably, the drill rod comprises a main rod and a transition joint detachably connected to the main rod, the transition joint is detachably connected to the drill bit, and the transition joint is provided with a step, the step and the tail of the drill bit form the annular groove for matching the annular protrusion. The provision of the transition joint makes the processing of the annular groove more convenient, and the transition joint and the main rod can be made of different materials to reduce costs. The transition joint bears most of the wear and tear and is replaced as a consumable, reducing the replacement of the main rod and reducing costs.

[0013] Preferably, the main rod portion is provided with a truncated cone-shaped rod head at one end close to the transition joint, the transition joint is provided with a connection groove matched with the rod head, the transition joint is provided with a truncated cone-shaped connecting head at one side close to the drill bit, and the tail of the drill bit is provided with a tail connection groove matched with the connecting head. The main rod portion and the transition joint, and the transition joint and the drill bit are connected by the same truncated cone, which makes installation more convenient and torque transmission more uniform.

[0014] Preferably, the inner surface of the drilling guide sleeve is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the drill bit tail, so that the drilling guide sleeve supports the drill bit tail and improves the stability of the drill bit.

[0015] Preferably, the outer periphery of the main rod is circumferentially distributed with a plurality of guide ridges, the guide ridges extending along the axial direction of the main rod. The arrangement of the guide ridges supports the main rod and forms a slag discharge space between the casing body and the main rod.

[0016] Preferably, the drilling guide sleeve is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed slag discharge holes, which penetrate the wall of the drilling guide sleeve and are located on the side of the annular protrusion away from the drill bit. The soil debris around the blade of the drill bit is squeezed backward along the outer surface of the drill bit and the casing assembly, enters the casing assembly through the slag discharge holes, and is discharged backward from the gap between the casing assembly and the main rod.

[0017] Preferably, the outer diameter of the drill bit is smaller than the inner diameter of the grouting conduit, so that the drill bit and the drill rod can be inserted into the grouting conduit after installation, which makes installation more convenient.

[0018] A method for drilling a tunnel slope outside a TBM shield, using the device to drill a hole, the drilling assembly also includes a drilling rig that provides power for the drill rod, and the use steps include:

[0019] S1, the device is installed in the grouting pipe, and the drill bit is pressed against the tunnel rock wall;

[0020] S2, starting the drilling machine to drive the drill rod and the drill bit to rotate, and at the same time pushing the device in the drilling direction to start drilling;

[0021] S3, after drilling a rock hole of a set depth, the drill bit is replaced with a conventional drill bit with a smaller blade diameter, and the drilling is continued.

[0022] First use a drill bit with a larger blade diameter to drill a hole, and then use a conventional drill bit with a smaller blade diameter to drill a hole. This can compensate for the hole drilling deviation and facilitate the subsequent advanced drill bit to smoothly align the hole.

[0023] Preferably, in the use step S2, as the drilling depth increases, after the drilling guide sleeve leaves the grouting conduit, the casing body continues to be supported in the grouting conduit to provide support for the drilling assembly.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The drilling assembly and the casing assembly are matched through the clearance between the annular groove and the annular protrusion. Therefore, when the drilling assembly is drilling, the casing assembly can move forward with the drilling assembly, and the relative positions of the drill bit and the casing assembly remain fixed, which always plays a radial support role for the drilling assembly, preventing the drill bit from being deflected and causing the hole to be deflected;

[0026] The cutting edge of the drill bit is located outside the casing assembly, which prevents the drill bit from grinding the casing assembly.

[0027] Since the contact area between the casing assembly and the grouting tube is larger than the contact area between the casing assembly and the drilling assembly, the friction between the casing assembly and the grouting tube is greater than the friction between the casing assembly and the drilling assembly. Therefore, the casing assembly will not rotate with the drilling assembly, and the casing assembly will not damage the grouting tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a general schematic diagram of the use of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross section of the first embodiment of the present invention when in use;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of the drill rod 12 according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the main rod portion 121 of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic cross-sectional view of the transition joint 122 according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sleeve assembly 2 (part of the sleeve body 13 is cut off) according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drilling guide sleeve 21 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: drilling assembly 1, drill bit 11, blade 111, tail 112, tail connection groove 113, drill rod 12, main rod part 121, rod head 1211, guide edge 1212, transition joint 122, step 1221, connection groove 1222, connector 1223, annular groove 13, casing assembly 2, drilling guide sleeve 21, slag discharge hole 211, casing body 22, annular protrusion 23, TBM shield 3, grouting conduit 4, tunnel rock wall 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, a device for opening a tunnel oblique surface outside a TBM shield, a grouting conduit 4 connected to a tunnel rock wall 5 is arranged on the side of the TBM shield 3, wherein a full-face hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) includes various types of shield machines, and the device includes:

[0041] The drilling assembly 1 comprises a drill bit 11 and a drill rod 12 detachably fixedly connected to the drill bit 11, and an annular groove 13 is arranged on the outer periphery of the drilling assembly 1;

[0042] The casing assembly 2 is sleeved on the outside of the drilling assembly 1 and penetrated into the grouting conduit 4. An annular protrusion 23 is circumferentially arranged inside the casing assembly 2 to be gap-matched with the annular groove 13. The blade 111 of the drill bit 11 is located outside the casing assembly 2.

[0043] When in use, the casing assembly 2 is installed in the grouting conduit, and the drilling assembly 1 and the casing assembly 2 are axially fixed through the clearance fit between the annular groove 13 and the annular protrusion 23, and the relative rotation is not hindered in the circumferential direction. Therefore, when the drilling assembly 1 is drilling, the casing assembly 2 can move forward with the drilling assembly 1, and the relative position of the drill bit 11 and the casing assembly 2 remains fixed, which always plays a radial supporting role for the drilling assembly 1, preventing the drill bit from deflecting and causing the hole to deflect, improving the inclined hole opening quality and construction efficiency in the TBM advanced drilling construction, and effectively avoiding the occurrence of rod-damaged drilling accidents during the advanced drilling process due to the hole deflection;

[0044] The blade 111 of the drill bit 11 is located outside the casing assembly 2, thereby preventing the drill bit from grinding the casing assembly 2;

[0045] Since the contact area between the casing assembly 2 and the grouting conduit is larger than the contact area between the casing assembly 2 and the drilling assembly 1, the friction between the casing assembly 2 and the grouting conduit is greater than the friction between the casing assembly 2 and the drilling assembly 1, so the casing assembly 2 will not rotate with the drilling assembly 1, and the casing assembly 2 will not damage the grouting conduit. In order to further prevent the casing assembly 2 from rotating with the drilling assembly 1, the friction coefficient of the inner wall of the casing assembly 2 is smaller than that of the outer wall of the casing assembly 2.

[0046] The casing assembly 2 includes a drilling guide sleeve 21 and a casing body 22 detachably connected to the drilling guide sleeve 21. In this embodiment, a threaded connection is adopted, and other forms of connection may also be adopted. The drilling guide sleeve 21 is located on the side close to the drill bit 11 and the annular protrusion 23 is located on the inner circumference of the drilling guide sleeve 21. The annular protrusion 23 is also provided on the drilling guide sleeve 21. The drilling guide sleeve 21 is easy to wear, so it can be replaced as a replacement part to reduce the use cost.

[0047] The drill rod 12 includes a main rod portion 121 and a transition joint 122 that is detachably fixed to the main rod portion 121. The transition joint 122 is detachably fixed to the drill bit 11. The transition joint 122 is provided with a step 1221. The step 1221 and the tail portion 112 of the drill bit 11 form an annular groove 13 for matching the annular protrusion 23. The detachable fixing method of this embodiment can be threaded connection or keyway fixing, or other fixing methods can be used. The setting of the transition joint 122 makes the processing of the annular groove 13 more convenient, and the transition joint 122 and the main rod portion 121 can be made of different materials to reduce costs. The transition joint 122 bears most of the wear and tear and is replaced as a consumable, which reduces the replacement of the main rod portion 121 and reduces costs.

[0048] The shape and size of the connection structure between the main rod 121 and the transition joint 122 are the same as the shape and size of the connection structure between the transition joint 122 and the drill bit 11, so that the drill bit 11 and the main rod 121 that were originally connected to each other can be directly connected to the transition joint 122, and there is no need to specially design the drill bit 11 and the main rod, which has wider adaptability. In this embodiment, a truncated cone-shaped rod head 1211 is provided at one end of the main rod 121 close to the transition joint 122, and the transition joint 122 is provided with a connection groove 1222 that matches the rod head 1211. A truncated cone-shaped connecting head 1223 is provided on the side of the transition joint 122 close to the drill bit 11, and a tail connecting groove 113 that matches the connecting head 1223 is provided at the tail 112 of the drill bit 11. The main rod 121 and the transition joint 122, and the transition joint 122 and the drill bit 11 are connected by a truncated cone, which is more convenient to install and more uniform in torque transmission.

[0049] The inner surface of the drilling guide sleeve 21 is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the tail portion 112 of the drill bit 11. The drilling guide sleeve 21 supports the tail portion 112 of the drill bit 11, thereby improving the stability of the drill bit.

[0050] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the while-drilling guide sleeve 21 is 2 mm smaller than the diameter of the drill bit 11 , and can enter the rock hole along with the drill bit 11 to continuously provide guiding support for the drill bit 11 .

[0051] A plurality of guide ribs 1212 are distributed circumferentially on the outer periphery of the main rod 121, and the guide ribs 1212 extend along the axial direction of the main rod 121. The maximum diameter of the guide ribs 1212 is 1 to 2 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the casing body 22. The guide ribs 1212 are arranged to support the main rod 121 and form a slag discharge space between the casing body 22 and the main rod 121.

[0052] The drilling guide sleeve 21 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed slag discharge holes 211, which penetrate the wall of the drilling guide sleeve 21 and are located on the side of the annular protrusion 23 facing away from the drill bit 11. The soil debris on the blade 111 of the drill bit 11 is squeezed backward along the outer surface of the drill bit 11 and the casing assembly 2, enters the casing assembly 2 through the slag discharge holes 211, and is discharged backward from the gap between the casing assembly 2 and the main rod 121.

[0053] The outer diameter of the drill bit 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the grouting conduit 4. The drill bit 11 and the drill rod 2 are installed and then inserted into the grouting conduit 4, which makes installation more convenient.

[0054] A method for drilling a tunnel slope outside a TBM shield, using a device for drilling a tunnel slope outside a TBM shield to drill a hole, a drilling assembly 1 also includes a drilling rig that provides power for a drill rod 12, and the use steps include:

[0055] S1, the device is installed in the grouting conduit 4, and the drill bit 11 is pressed against the tunnel rock wall 5;

[0056] S2, start the drilling machine to drive the drill rod 12 and the drill bit 11 to rotate, and at the same time push the device in the drilling direction to start drilling;

[0057] S3, after drilling a rock hole of a set depth, the drill bit 1 is replaced with a conventional drill bit with a smaller blade diameter, and the drilling is continued.

[0058] The depth is set according to the actual situation. First, use a drill bit with a larger blade diameter to drill a hole, form a hole bottom plane perpendicular to the center line of the hole, remove the drill bit 11, and use a conventional drill bit with a smaller blade diameter to drill a hole. Even if the large hole has a certain deviation, the hole opening deviation can be compensated when drilling a small hole, which is conducive to the smooth hole alignment of the subsequent advanced drill bit.

[0059] In the use step S2 , as the drilling depth increases, after the while-drilling guide sleeve 21 leaves the grouting conduit 4 , the casing body 22 continues to be supported in the grouting conduit 4 to provide support for the drilling assembly 1 .

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for opening a hole on a tunnel slope outside a TBM shield, wherein a grouting conduit (4) connected to a tunnel rock wall (5) is arranged on the side of the TBM shield (3), characterized in that: The device comprises: A drilling assembly (1) comprising a drill bit (11) and a drill rod (12) fixedly connected to the drill bit (11); an annular groove (13) is provided on the outer periphery of the drilling assembly (1); A casing assembly (2) is sleeved on the outside of the drilling assembly (1) and is inserted into the interior of the grouting conduit (4); an annular protrusion (23) is provided in the inner circumference of the casing assembly (2) and is clearance-matched with the annular groove (13); and a blade (111) of the drill bit (11) is located outside the casing assembly (2); The drill rod (12) comprises a main rod portion (121) and a transition joint (122) detachably connected to the main rod portion (121); the transition joint (122) is detachably connected to the drill bit (11); the transition joint (122) is provided with a step (1221); the step (1221) and the tail portion (112) of the drill bit (11) form the annular groove (13) for matching the annular protrusion (23).

2. The device for opening a tunnel oblique surface outside a TBM shield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casing assembly (2) comprises a drilling guide sleeve (21) and a casing body (22) detachably connected to the drilling guide sleeve (21); the drilling guide sleeve (21) is located on a side close to the drill bit (11) and the annular protrusion (23) is located on the inner circumference of the drilling guide sleeve (21).

3. The device for opening a tunnel oblique surface outside a TBM shield according to claim 2, characterized in that: A truncated cone-shaped rod head (1211) is provided at one end of the main rod portion (121) close to the transition joint (122); the transition joint (122) is provided with a connection groove (1222) that cooperates with the rod head (1211); a truncated cone-shaped connecting head (1223) is provided at one side of the transition joint (122) close to the drill bit (11); and a tail portion (112) of the drill bit (11) is provided with a tail connection groove (113) that cooperates with the connecting head (1223).

4. The device for opening a tunnel oblique surface outside a TBM shield according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner surface of the drilling guide sleeve (21) is clearance-matched with the outer surface of the tail portion (112) of the drill bit (11).

5. The device for opening a tunnel oblique surface outside a TBM shield according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A plurality of guide edges (1212) are distributed circumferentially on the outer periphery of the main rod portion (121), and each guide edge (1212) extends along the axial direction of the main rod portion (121).

6. The device for opening a tunnel oblique surface outside a TBM shield according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drilling guide sleeve (21) is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed slag discharge holes (211), the slag discharge holes (211) passing through the wall surface of the drilling guide sleeve (21), and the slag discharge holes (211) are located on a side of the annular protrusion (23) away from the drill bit (11).

7. The device for opening a tunnel oblique surface outside a TBM shield according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the drill bit (11) is smaller than the inner diameter of the grouting conduit (4).

8. A method for opening a tunnel slope outside a TBM shield, characterized in that: The device according to any one of claims 2 to 6 is used to drill a hole, wherein the drilling assembly (1) further comprises a drilling machine for providing power to the drill rod (12), and the use steps comprise: S1, the device is installed in the TBM grouting pipe, and the drill bit (11) is pressed against the tunnel rock wall (5); S2, starting the drilling machine to drive the drill rod (12) and the drill bit (11) to rotate, and at the same time pushing the device in the drilling direction to start drilling; S3, after drilling a rock hole of a set depth, the drill bit (11) is replaced with a conventional drill bit with a smaller blade diameter, and the drilling is continued.

9. The method for opening a tunnel slope outside a TBM shield according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the use step S2, as the drilling depth increases, after the drilling guide sleeve (21) leaves the grouting conduit (4), the sleeve body (22) continues to be supported in the grouting conduit (4) to provide support for the drilling assembly (1).

Images