Shaft attitude control system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaft attitude control system and method, and the system comprises a plurality of control foundations which are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of a shaft mouth; the multiple lifting devices and the multiple pressing devices are arranged at the tops of the corresponding control foundations correspondingly, the lifting ends of the multiple lifting devices are connected with the bottom end of the vertical shaft body, and the lifting ends of the lifting devices can apply upward pulling force to the vertical shaft body; the downward pressing ends of the downward pressing devices are arranged above the vertical shaft body in a lifting mode, and the downward pressing ends of the downward pressing devices can move downwards to abut against the top end of the vertical shaft body and apply downward pressure to the vertical shaft body. The multiple lifting devices and the multiple pressing devices are matched to adjust the posture of the vertical shaft body when the vertical shaft body enters the stratum. The technical problems that a vertical shaft control system is low in safety, insufficient in function and high in construction cost are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shaft construction, and in particular to a shaft posture control system and method. Background Art

[0002] At present, deep shaft construction techniques include open-cut method, traditional caisson construction, pressure-type caisson method, pneumatic caisson method, VSM (i.e. vertical shaft boring machine) and other construction techniques. Different construction techniques have different shaft control systems. There are two main types of shaft control systems: one is a lifting control system, which uses steel strands to lift the shaft to actively control the sinking; the other is a downward pressure control system, which uses a cylinder to press down the shaft from the top of the shaft, so that the shaft is always embedded in the stratum and passively controls the sinking.

[0003] For the pulling control system, it is necessary to arrange multiple stranded wire pulling devices along the circumference at the wellhead, and control the posture of the shaft by controlling the tensile force of each stranded wire. However, the larger the diameter and the deeper the shaft, the more stranded wire pulling devices need to be arranged, and a thicker foundation needs to be set for the stranded wire pulling devices at the wellhead, which is more expensive and even cannot meet the construction requirements for some projects.

[0004] For the downward pressure control system, the action end of the downward pressure device needs to be connected to the top edge of the pipe segment at the top of the shaft, and the downward pressure control of the entire shaft is achieved by pushing the top pipe segment. Therefore, when splicing the pipe segments, the downward pressure device needs to be removed. At this time, the shaft cannot be controlled, and there is a certain safety risk.

[0005] Currently, no effective solution has been given to the problems of low safety, insufficient functions and high construction cost of shaft control systems in related technologies.

[0006] Therefore, the inventor, relying on many years of experience and practice in related industries, proposes a shaft posture control system and method to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a shaft posture control system and method. During the shaft construction process, the shaft can be pulled up or pressed down, or both can be pulled up and pressed down at the same time. Various modes can be switched freely to achieve controllable sinking of the shaft, which has higher safety and controllability.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a shaft attitude control system and method, which combines the platform foundation with the pile foundation, has better supporting capacity, can reduce the thickness of the ring beam structure and the thickness of the bottom structure, and achieve the purpose of reducing costs.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following scheme:

[0010] The present invention provides a shaft attitude control system, which is used to control the attitude of a shaft body when it is lowered into a formation. The shaft attitude control system comprises:

[0011] A plurality of control foundations, wherein the plurality of control foundations are used to be embedded in a stratum near a shaft opening, and the plurality of control foundations are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the shaft opening;

[0012] A plurality of lifting devices, each of which is disposed on the top of the corresponding control base, and the lifting ends of the plurality of lifting devices are connected to the bottom end of the shaft body, and the lifting ends of the lifting devices can apply an upward pulling force to the shaft body;

[0013] A plurality of downward pressing devices, each of which is disposed on the top of the corresponding control base, and the downward pressing ends of the plurality of downward pressing devices are disposed above the shaft body in a liftable manner, and the downward pressing ends of the downward pressing devices can be moved downward to abut against the top of the shaft body and apply downward pressure to the shaft body;

[0014] The plurality of lifting devices cooperate with the plurality of pressing devices to adjust the posture of the shaft body when it is lowered into the stratum.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control foundation includes a platform foundation and a pile foundation, the platform foundation is used to be embedded in the surface of the stratum, and the platform foundation is connected to the shaft body through an anti-floating structure, the pile foundation is located below the platform foundation, the top of the pile foundation is connected to the bottom of the platform foundation, and the bottom end of the pile foundation extends downward in the stratum.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the lifting devices corresponds to at least one pressing device, and the lifting device and the corresponding pressing device are arranged on the top of the same platform foundation.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressing device comprises a pressing oil cylinder, the pressing oil cylinder and the lifting device are both located on a mounting frame, the mounting frame has an upper beam and a bottom beam located below the upper beam, the pressing oil cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the upper beam, and the piston rod of the pressing oil cylinder extends downward in a vertical direction, and a space is reserved for assembling pipe sections, and the lifting device is arranged on the bottom beam;

[0018] The mounting frame is anchored to the top of the platform foundation so that the forces of the pressing device and the lifting device are transmitted to the platform foundation and the pile foundation.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shaft attitude control system also includes a plurality of beam foundations for being embedded in the stratum, the plurality of beam foundations are respectively located between two adjacent platform foundations and connected to the platform foundations, and the plurality of beam foundations cooperate with the plurality of platform foundations to form an annular ring beam structure.

[0020] The present invention provides a shaft posture control method, the shaft posture control method comprising:

[0021] Platform construction, multiple control foundations are set in the stratum near the shaft opening, and the multiple control foundations are spaced and evenly distributed along the circumference of the shaft opening;

[0022] Device installation, at least one lifting device and at least one pressing device are respectively arranged on the top of the plurality of control bases;

[0023] During shaft excavation, the lifting device and / or the pressing device are used in stages to control the posture of the shaft body as it descends into the ground.

[0024] The vertical shaft is formed, and after the vertical shaft body is sunk to the preset position of the stratum, the bottom of the vertical shaft body is sealed, and the top of the vertical shaft body is connected to the control foundation.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the device installation step, the lifting end of the lifting device is connected to the bottom end of the shaft body;

[0026] And / or, the pressing end of the pressing device is movably arranged above the shaft body, so that the pressing end of the pressing device can move downward to abut against the top of the shaft body and apply downward pressure to the shaft body.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shaft excavation step is divided into a front section of shaft construction, a middle section of shaft construction and a rear section of shaft excavation.

[0028] When the shaft is in the front stage of construction, the shaft body sinks by its own weight, and the lifting device is used to control the posture of the shaft body;

[0029] When the shaft is in the middle of construction, the lifting device cooperates with the pressing device to control the posture of the shaft body;

[0030] The lifting device is used to control the posture of the shaft body, and the pressing device is used to provide power for the sinking of the shaft body.

[0031] When the shaft is in the rear section of excavation, the downward pressure device is used to control the posture of the shaft body.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stratum is a water-rich soft stratum. When in the front stage of the shaft construction, the lifting device is used in cooperation with the pressing device to control the posture of the shaft body, so that the bottom of the shaft body can be embedded into the stratum through the pressing device.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the shaft is in the middle of construction, the bottom of the shaft body is embedded into the stratum by the pressing device, and the posture of the shaft body is controlled by the lifting device.

[0034] As described above, the characteristics and advantages of the shaft attitude control system and method of the present invention are:

[0035] A plurality of control bases are arranged at circumferential intervals along the shaft opening in the stratum near the shaft opening, and each control base is respectively provided with at least one lifting device and at least one pressing device. When the shaft body is sunk into the stratum, a corresponding control combination is adopted according to different shaft construction stages to adjust the posture of the shaft body. For example, when the shaft is in the front stage of construction, the shaft can be sunk by its own weight, and at this stage only the lifting device is adopted to control the posture of the shaft body; when the shaft is in the middle stage of construction, the posture of the shaft body can be controlled by the lifting device and the pressing device in coordination with each other, and at this stage the lifting device and the pressing device are used to control the posture of the shaft body. The device is used to control the posture of the shaft body, and the downward pressure device is used to provide downward power for the sinking of the shaft body; when it is in the latter stage of shaft excavation, the shaft body is in a relatively stable state because it has been constrained by the soil in the stratum. At this time, the shaft body is only pressed down by the downward pressure device to achieve the purpose of controlling the posture of the shaft body. It can be seen that for different stages, the present application adopts targeted control methods to control the posture of the shaft body in the stratum, and different control methods can be switched freely and flexibly to ensure the real-time controllable sinking posture of the shaft body, truly achieve controllable sinking of the shaft, and have higher safety and controllability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] in:

[0038] Figure 1 : It is a top view of the shaft attitude control system of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 : It is a schematic diagram of the setting position of the control basis in the shaft posture control system of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 : It is a schematic diagram of the setting position of the control foundation and the lifting device in the shaft posture control system of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 : It is one of the schematic diagrams of the setting position of the control foundation and the downward pressure device in the shaft posture control system of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 : This is the second schematic diagram of the setting position of the control foundation and the downward pressure device in the shaft posture control system of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 : It is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the downward pressure device in the shaft posture control system of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 : This is the second structural schematic diagram of the downward pressure device in the shaft posture control system of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8 : It is one of the schematic diagrams of the integrated structure of the pulling device and the pressing device in the shaft posture control system of the present invention.

[0046] Fig. 9 : This is the second schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the lifting device and the pressing device in the shaft posture control system of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.10 : It is a schematic diagram of the completion of the vertical shaft of the present invention.

[0048] Fig.11 : is a flow chart of the shaft posture control method of the present invention.

[0049] The accompanying drawings in the present invention are:

[0050] 1. Control basics; 101. Platform basics;

[0051] 102. Pile foundation; 2. Lifting device;

[0052] 201. Steel strand; 202. Telescopic cylinder;

[0053] 203. Winding drum; 3. Pressing device;

[0054] 301. base; 302. connecting rod;

[0055] 3021, slideway; 3022, protrusion;

[0056] 303, sliding rod; 3031, positioning hole;

[0057] 304. Downward pressure cylinder; 4. Ring beam structure;

[0058] 5. Shaft body; 6. Strata;

[0059] 7. Mud; 8. Anti-floating structure;

[0060] 9. Bottom cover structure 10. Installation frame;

[0061] 1001. Bottom beam; 1002. Upper beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] Implementation Method 1

[0064] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a shaft attitude control system, which is used to control the attitude of the shaft body 5 entering the stratum 6, and the shaft attitude control system includes: a plurality of control bases 1, the plurality of control bases 1 are used to be embedded in the stratum 6 near the shaft wellhead, and the plurality of control bases 1 are spaced and evenly distributed along the circumference of the shaft wellhead; a plurality of pulling devices 2, the plurality of pulling devices 2 are respectively arranged on the top of the corresponding control bases 1, the pulling ends of the plurality of pulling devices 2 are connected to the bottom end of the shaft body 5, and the lifting ends are connected to the bottom end of the shaft body 5. The pulling end of the pulling device 2 can apply an upward pulling force to the shaft body 5; multiple pressing devices 3 are respectively arranged on the top of the corresponding control foundation 1, and the pressing ends of the multiple pressing devices 3 can be raised and lowered above the shaft body 5, and the pressing ends of the pressing devices 3 can be moved downward to abut against the top of the shaft body 5 and apply downward pressure to the shaft body 5; in the process of sinking the shaft body 5, the multiple pulling devices 2 cooperate with the multiple pressing devices 3 to adjust the posture of the shaft body 5 when it is lowered into the formation 6.

[0065] In the present invention, a plurality of control foundations 1 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the shaft opening in the stratum 6 near the shaft opening, and each control foundation 1 is respectively provided with at least one lifting device 2 and at least one pressing device 3. When the shaft body 5 is sunk into the stratum 6, a corresponding control combination is adopted according to different shaft construction stages to adjust the posture of the shaft body 5. For example, when the shaft is in the front stage of construction, the shaft can be sunk by the deadweight of the shaft body 5, and only the lifting device 2 is adopted to control the posture of the shaft body 5 at this stage; when the shaft is in the middle stage of construction, the lifting device 2 and the pressing device 3 can be adopted to control the posture of the shaft body 5 in cooperation with each other. The stage lifting device 2 is used to control the posture of the shaft body 5, and the pressing device 3 is used to provide downward power for the sinking of the shaft body 5; when in the latter stage of shaft excavation, the shaft body 5 is in a relatively stable state because it has been constrained by the soil in the stratum 6. At this time, the shaft body 5 is only pressed down by the pressing device 3 to achieve the purpose of controlling the posture of the shaft body 5. It can be seen that for different stages, the present application adopts targeted control methods to control the posture of the shaft body 5 in the stratum, and different control methods can be switched freely and flexibly to ensure the real-time controllable sinking posture of the shaft body 5, truly achieve controllable sinking of the shaft, and have higher safety and controllability.

[0066] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figures 1 to 5 , Fig.10 As shown, the control foundation 1 includes a platform foundation 101 and a pile foundation 102, the platform foundation 101 is used to be embedded in the surface of the stratum 6, and the platform foundation 101 is connected to the shaft body 5 through the anti-floating structure 8, the pile foundation 102 is located below the platform foundation 101, the top of the pile foundation 102 is connected to the bottom of the platform foundation 101, and the bottom of the pile foundation 102 extends downward in the stratum 6 along the vertical direction. Among them, the anti-floating structure 8 can be but is not limited to a ring beam connected between the platform foundation 101 and the shaft body 5.

[0067] Due to the provision of the control foundation 1, the reaction force exerted on the lifting device 2 and the pressing device 3 when controlling the posture of the shaft body 5 can be transmitted to the control foundation 1, so that the control foundation 1 can bear the reaction force exerted on the lifting device 2 and the pressing device 3; and the provision of the pile foundation 102 not only ensures the stability of the control foundation 1, but also can reinforce and improve the stability of the formed shaft; in addition, the pile foundation 102 cooperates with the platform foundation 101 to further improve the force bearing capacity of the control foundation 1 to bear the reaction force, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the lifting device 2 and the pressing device 3.

[0068] The setting of the pile foundation 102 in the present invention further improves the pull-out resistance of the control foundation 1. The existing shaft foundation (such as only having a platform foundation structure) is only compressive bearing and does not have pull-out resistance, resulting in the need for a heavy ring beam structure to ensure construction safety when the downward pressure device 3 is in operation, and the large water and soil pressure at the bottom of the shaft is only offset by the deadweight of the shaft structure and the bottom cover structure, resulting in the need for a very thick bottom cover structure. However, the pile foundation 102 used in the present invention is matched with the platform foundation 101, which can effectively improve the pull-out resistance. Only a small range of the platform foundation 101 is needed to bear the upward pulling force of the downward pressure device 3 and the pressure of the water and soil at the bottom, thereby optimizing the shaft structure and achieving the effects of rapid construction and cost saving.

[0069] like Fig.10 As shown, after the shaft body 5 sinks to the preset position in the stratum 6, it is necessary to use concrete to form a bottom sealing structure 9 at the bottom of the shaft body 5 to perform bottom sealing operations on the shaft body 5. In the present application, the platform foundation 101 is connected to the shaft body 5 through the anti-floating structure 8, so that the control foundation 1 can share a part of the anti-floating effect, thereby reducing the anti-floating effect on the bottom sealing structure 9, and then in the actual construction process, the thickness of the bottom sealing structure 9 can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of saving construction costs.

[0070] Specifically, the platform foundation 101 and the pile foundation 102 can be made of but not limited to reinforced concrete. The platform foundation 101 is a rectangular block structure embedded in the surface of the stratum 6. A plurality of pile foundations 102 can be arranged side by side under each platform foundation 101, and the top of the pile foundation 102 and the bottom of the platform foundation 101 can be cast. Among them, the number and size of the platform foundation 101, the number of pile foundations 102, and the length of the pile foundation 102 can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual soil conditions of the stratum 6 and the preset shaft size, so as to ensure that the lifting device 2 and the pressing device 3 can provide a stable bearing capacity and ensure that the shaft mouth is stable, and the specific parameters such as the number and size of the platform foundation 101, the number of pile foundations 102, and the length of the pile foundation 102 are not limited here.

[0071] Furthermore, the lifting device 2 and the pressing device 3 can be fixedly connected to the top of the platform foundation 101 by anchoring pieces.

[0072] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the lifting device 2 includes a steel strand 201, a winding drum 203 and a telescopic cylinder 202. The winding drum 203 is rotatably arranged on the top of the platform foundation 101. One end of the steel strand 201 is wound on the winding drum 203, and the other end of the steel strand 201 is connected to the bottom end of the shaft body 5 (i.e., the bottom end of the shaft pipe section at the bottom of the shaft body 5); the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 202 is connected to the steel strand 201, so that the steel strand 201 can be lifted or sunk by the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 202, thereby controlling the sinking posture of the shaft body 5. Since the specific structure of the lifting device 2 is considered to be the prior art, it will not be described in detail here.

[0073] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, each lifting device 2 corresponds to at least one pressing device 3, and the lifting device 2 and the corresponding pressing device 3 are arranged on the top of the same platform foundation 101 to ensure that stable pulling force and downward pressure can be provided to the shaft body 5 during the construction process.

[0074] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, each lifting device 2 corresponds to two pressing devices 3, and the two pressing devices 3 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the lifting device 2, and the lifting device 2 and the corresponding two pressing devices 3 are arranged on the top of the same platform foundation 101 to ensure that stable pulling force and downward force can be provided for the shaft body 5. Of course, the number of lifting devices 2 and downward pressure devices 3 arranged on each platform foundation 101 and the relative positions of the lifting devices 2 and downward pressure devices 3 are not specifically limited here.

[0075] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 , Fig. 9As shown, the pressing device 3 includes a pressing cylinder 304, wherein the pressing cylinder 304 and the lifting device 2 are both located on the mounting frame 10, the mounting frame 10 has an upper beam 1002 and a bottom beam 1001 located below the upper beam 1002, the bottom beam 1001 and the upper beam 1002 are connected by a column, the pressing cylinder 304 is arranged at the bottom of the upper beam 1002, and the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 304 extends downward in the vertical direction, and a space for assembling pipe sections is reserved, and the lifting device 2 is arranged on the bottom beam 10 01, in the actual construction process, the downward pressure cylinder 304 is located directly above the shaft body 5, and the piston rod of the downward pressure cylinder 304 is extended downward to abut against the top of the shaft body 5, so that downward pressure can be applied to the shaft body 5; when it is necessary to assemble the shaft pipe section above the shaft body 5, the piston rod of the downward pressure cylinder 304 is controlled to retract upward to reserve enough space below it for assembling the pipe section, so as to achieve the purpose of avoidance, so that the shaft pipe section can be smoothly assembled to the top of the shaft body 5. Among them, the installation frame 10 is anchored on the top of the platform foundation 101, and the forces of the downward pressure device 3 and the lifting device 2 are transmitted to the platform foundation 101 and the pile foundation 102. The above structure realizes the integrated structural setting of the pressing device 3 and the lifting device 2, which is not only convenient for on-site layout, but also the pressing device 3 and the lifting device 2 are better connected by the same mounting frame 10. In actual working process, the bottom beam 1001 of the mounting frame 10 can be stabilized by the downward pressure exerted on the lifting device 2, and the anchor points between the bottom beam 1001 and the platform foundation 101 and the pile foundation 102 can be reduced, which is convenient to operate, and can overcome the shortcomings of the large area and heavy structure of the bottom beam 1001 caused by the upward pulling force exerted on the pressing device 3, thereby simplifying the structure.

[0076] In another optional embodiment of the present invention, Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the pressing device 3 includes a base 301, a connecting rod 302, a sliding rod 303 and a pressing cylinder 304. The base 301 is fixedly connected to the top of the platform foundation 101. The bottom ends of the connecting rod 302 and the sliding rod 303 are rotatably connected to the top of the base 301 through a rotating shaft respectively. The top end of the sliding rod 303 is slidably and lockably connected to the connecting rod 302. The connecting position of the sliding rod 303 on the connecting rod 302 is adjusted by sliding so that the top end of the connecting rod 302 can be rotated toward or away from the sliding rod 303. A protrusion 3022 is provided at the top of the connecting rod 302 and on the side away from the sliding rod 303. The protrusion 3022 protrudes outward from the connecting rod 302. The pressing cylinder 304 is provided at the bottom of the protrusion 3022. In the actual construction process, as shown in FIG. Figure 6As shown, by adjusting the top end of the sliding rod 303 to slide downward along the connecting rod 302, the connecting rod 302 can be pushed to rotate toward the side opposite to the sliding rod 303, so that the connecting rod 302 rotates until the downward pressure cylinder 304 is located directly above the shaft body 5, and the piston rod of the downward pressure cylinder 304 extends downward until it abuts against the top end of the shaft body 5, so that downward pressure can be applied to the shaft body 5; Figure 7 As shown, when it is necessary to assemble the shaft pipe section above the shaft body 5, the top end of the sliding rod 303 is adjusted to slide upward along the connecting rod 302, so that the connecting rod 302 rotates toward the side of the sliding rod 303, so that the connecting rod 302 drives the downward pressure cylinder 304 to rotate to the outside directly above the shaft body 5, so as to achieve the purpose of avoidance, so that the shaft pipe section can be smoothly assembled to the top of the shaft body 5.

[0077] Further, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the connecting rod 302 is provided with a slideway 3021 extending along its length direction, and a sliding slider is provided on the slideway 3021. The top end of the sliding rod 303 is rotatably connected to the slider, and a plurality of positioning holes 3031 are respectively provided on the slider and the slideway 3021. Pins are inserted into the positioning holes 3031 on the connected slider and the positioning holes 3031 on the slideway 3021 to lock the relative positions of the sliding rod 303 and the connecting rod 302.

[0078] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the shaft attitude control system also includes a plurality of beam foundations for embedding in the surface of the stratum 6, the plurality of beam foundations are respectively located between two adjacent platform foundations 101 and connected to the platform foundations 101, and the plurality of beam foundations cooperate with the plurality of platform foundations 101 to form a circular ring beam structure 4, which improves the stability of the shaft and ensures the safety of the shaft construction. In the present invention, the plurality of beam foundations can be used as operating platforms for other equipment during the shaft construction process, and other equipment can be selected and installed according to actual needs, without considering the construction of the main load-bearing structure, so as to realize on-demand construction and reduce construction costs.

[0079] Implementation Method 2

[0080] like Figures 2 to 5 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, the present invention provides a shaft posture control method, the shaft posture control method comprising:

[0081] Step S1: Figure 2 As shown, in platform construction, a plurality of control foundations 1 are set in the stratum 6 near the shaft opening, and the plurality of controlled foundations 1 are spaced and evenly distributed along the circumference of the shaft opening;

[0082] Step S2: Device installation: at least one lifting device 2 and at least one pressing device 3 are respectively arranged on the top of the plurality of control bases 1;

[0083] Step S3: vertical shaft excavation, using the lifting device 2 and / or the pressing device 3 in stages to control the posture of the vertical shaft body 5 sinking into the stratum 6;

[0084] Step S4: Shaft forming: after the shaft body 5 is sunk to a preset position in the stratum 6 , the bottom of the shaft body 5 is sealed, and the top of the shaft body 5 is connected to the control foundation 1 .

[0085] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step S1 includes:

[0086] Step S101: embedding a plurality of control foundations 1 in a stratum 6 near a shaft opening (the plurality of control foundations 1 are spaced and evenly distributed along the circumference of the shaft opening);

[0087] Step S102: multiple beam foundations are embedded in the stratum 6 near the shaft opening, the multiple beam foundations are respectively located between two adjacent platform foundations 101 and connected to the platform foundations 101, and the multiple beam foundations cooperate with the multiple platform foundations 101 to form a circular ring beam structure 4, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the stability of the shaft and ensuring the safety of the shaft construction.

[0088] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step S2 specifically includes: connecting the lifting end of the lifting device 2 to the bottom end of the shaft body 5; and arranging the pressing end of the pressing device 3 to be liftable above the shaft body 5, so that the pressing end of the pressing device 3 can be moved down to abut against the top of the shaft body 5 and exert downward pressure on the shaft body 5. In this step, how to achieve the connection between the lifting end of the lifting device 2 and the bottom end of the shaft body 5, and the abutment between the pressing end of the pressing device 3 and the top of the shaft body 5, can be referred to the content of the shaft posture control system mentioned above, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step S3 can be further divided into the front section of shaft construction, the middle section of shaft construction and the rear section of shaft excavation.

[0090] When in the front stage of shaft construction, Figure 3 As shown, the shaft body 5 sinks by its own weight, and the lifting device 2 is used to control the posture of the shaft body 5, that is, the lifting mode;

[0091] When in the middle of shaft construction, Figure 4 As shown, the lifting device 2 and the pressing device 3 are used to cooperate to control the posture of the shaft body 5, that is, the pulling and pressing combination mode; wherein the lifting device 2 is used to control the posture of the shaft body 5, and the pressing device 3 is used to provide power for the sinking of the shaft body 5, that is, the pressing mode;

[0092] When in the later stage of shaft excavation, Figure 5 As shown, a downward pressing device 3 is used to control the posture of the shaft body 5.

[0093] Specifically, when implementing step S3, different shaft construction control modes can be selected for different strata, namely the above-mentioned lifting mode, pulling-pressing combined mode and pressing mode, wherein the lifting mode means that the posture of the shaft body 5 is controlled only by the lifting device 2; the pulling-pressing combined mode means that the posture of the shaft body 5 is controlled by the lifting device 2 to control the sinking depth, and the pressing device 3 provides power for the sinking of the shaft body 5, and the two work together to control the sinking speed of the shaft body 5 to ensure the sinking accuracy; the pressing mode means that the posture of the shaft body 5 is controlled only by the pressing device 3.

[0094] like Figure 3 As shown, in the early stage of shaft construction, considering the small deadweight of the shaft body 5 (fewer shaft pipe sections), the small frictional resistance of the stratum 6 to the shaft body 5, and the small effect of groundwater, only the lifting mode can be used to control the sinking posture of the shaft body 5. Among them, if the stratum 6 is a water-rich and weak stratum, when in the early stage of shaft construction, the lifting device 2 and the pressing device 3 can be used to control the posture of the shaft body 5, so that the bottom of the shaft body 5 is embedded in the stratum 6 through the pressing device 3, and the under-excavation method is adopted to reduce the risk of side wall collapse.

[0095] like Figure 4 As shown, in the middle section of the shaft construction, considering the gradual increase in the deadweight of the shaft body 5 and the increase in the action of groundwater, it is impossible to achieve uniform up and down adjustment of the posture of the shaft body 5 (with hysteresis) by only using the lifting device 2. Therefore, the pulling and pressing combination mode is adopted to control the sinking posture of the shaft body 5, wherein the bottom of the shaft body 5 is embedded into the stratum 6 by the pressing device 3, and the posture of the shaft body 5 is controlled by the lifting device 2 at the same time. The under-excavation method is adopted, and the bottom of the shaft body 5 is embedded into the stratum 6 by the pressing device 3, so as to reduce the path of groundwater action and realize shallow water level construction in the well. That is, since there is mud 7 on the inner side of the shaft body 5, the water pressure balance inside and outside the shaft body 5 can be maintained, and during the pressing process, the lifting device 2 is used to adjust the bottom posture of the shaft body 5 to achieve controllable sinking.

[0096] like Figure 5As shown, in the later stage of shaft excavation, considering the factors such as the deadweight of the shaft body 5 and the large friction resistance of the stratum, the lifting device 2 can no longer control the shaft body 5, and after the shaft body 5 goes into the stratum 6 beyond a certain depth, the soil in the stratum 6 and located on the outer periphery of the shaft body 5 will have a restraining effect on the shaft body 5. At this time, only the downward pressure mode can be used to control the posture of the shaft body 5. That is, the upward and downward pressure devices 3 at different positions are used to press down on one or several positions of the shaft body 5, so that one side of the shaft body 5 moves downward, or one side of the shaft body 5 moves downward more significantly relative to other positions, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the posture of the shaft body 5 in the later stage of shaft excavation.

[0097] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, an anti-floating structure 8 is added between the top of the shaft body 5 and the control foundation 1 to connect the top of the shaft body 5 with the control foundation 1, so that the control foundation 1 can share a part of the anti-floating effect, thereby reducing the anti-floating effect on the bottom cover structure 9, and then in the actual construction process, the thickness of the bottom cover structure 9 can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of saving construction costs.

[0098] During the shaft construction process, if the stratum 6 is a water-rich soft stratum, a combined tension and compression mode can be adopted in the front stage, middle stage and rear stage of the shaft construction. The lifting device 2 cooperates with the pressing device 3 to control the sinking posture of the shaft body 5 to ensure construction safety.

[0099] During the construction of the shaft, if the stratum 6 is a waterless stratum, considering the deadweight of the shaft body 5 and the sinking resistance of the stratum 6, the lifting mode can be used throughout the process to control the sinking posture of the shaft body 5 only through the lifting mode, or the pulling and pressing combination mode can be used throughout the process to control the sinking posture of the shaft body 5 through the cooperation of the lifting device 2 and the pressing device 3. In addition, the shaft construction process can also be divided into only the front section of the shaft construction and the rear section of the shaft excavation. In the front section of the shaft construction, the lifting mode is used to control the sinking posture of the shaft body 5 through the lifting mode, and in the rear section of the shaft excavation, the pulling and pressing combination mode is used to control the sinking posture of the shaft body 5 through the lifting device 2 and the pressing device 3.

[0100] In the present invention, the specific control mode can be switched freely and flexibly according to the type of formation 6 and the actual working conditions, and a variety of modes can be freely selected, which has wider applicability and controllability.

[0101] The characteristics and advantages of the shaft posture control method of the present invention are:

[0102] 1. In the shaft posture control method, the pulling device 2 and the pressing device 3 can act alone or in combination to effectively and accurately control the sinking posture of the shaft, and the pulling mode, the pulling and pressing combined mode and the pressing mode can be switched freely and flexibly, so as to truly achieve controllable sinking of the shaft and realize safe construction of the shaft.

[0103] 2. In the shaft posture control method, the platform foundation 101 is combined with the pile foundation 102, which not only ensures the stability of the control foundation 1, but also can reinforce and improve the stability of the formed shaft; in addition, the pile foundation 102 cooperates with the platform foundation 101 to further improve the force-bearing capacity of the control foundation 1 to bear the reaction force, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the pulling device 2 and the pressing device 3.

[0104] 3. In the shaft posture control method, the platform foundation 101 is combined with the pile foundation 102, and the platform foundation 101 is connected to the shaft body 5 through the anti-floating structure 8, so that the control foundation 1 (mainly borne by the pile foundation 102) can share a part of the anti-floating effect, so that the anti-floating effect on the bottom cover structure 9 is reduced, and then in the actual construction process, the thickness of the bottom cover structure 9 can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of saving construction costs.

[0105] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shaft attitude control system, which is used to control the attitude of a shaft body (5) lowered into a stratum (6), It is characterized in that The shaft attitude control system comprises: A plurality of control foundations (1), wherein the plurality of control foundations (1) are used to be embedded in a stratum (6) near a shaft opening, and the plurality of control foundations (1) are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the shaft opening; A plurality of lifting devices (2), wherein the plurality of lifting devices (2) are respectively arranged on the top of the corresponding control base (1), the lifting ends of the plurality of lifting devices (2) are connected to the bottom end of the shaft body (5), and the lifting ends of the lifting devices (2) can apply an upward pulling force to the shaft body (5); A plurality of downward pressing devices (3), wherein the plurality of downward pressing devices (3) are respectively arranged on the top of the corresponding control base (1), and the downward pressing ends of the plurality of downward pressing devices (3) are arranged above the vertical shaft body (5) in a manner that they can be raised and lowered, and the downward pressing ends of the downward pressing devices (3) can be moved downward to abut against the top of the vertical shaft body (5) and apply downward pressure to the vertical shaft body (5); The plurality of lifting devices (2) cooperate with the plurality of pressing devices (3) to adjust the posture of the vertical shaft body (5) when it is lowered into the stratum (6).

2. The shaft attitude control system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The control foundation (1) comprises a platform foundation (101) and a pile foundation (102); the platform foundation (101) is used to be embedded in the surface of the stratum (6), and the platform foundation (101) is connected to the shaft body (5) via an anti-floating structure (8); the pile foundation (102) is located below the platform foundation (101), the top of the pile foundation (102) is connected to the bottom of the platform foundation (101), and the bottom of the pile foundation (102) extends downward in the stratum (6).

3. The shaft attitude control system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Each of the lifting devices (2) corresponds to at least one of the pressing devices (3), and the lifting devices (2) and the corresponding pressing devices (3) are arranged on the top of the same platform foundation (101).

4. The shaft attitude control system according to claim 2 or 3, It is characterized in that The pressing device (3) comprises a pressing cylinder (304), the pressing cylinder (304) and the lifting device (2) are both located on a mounting frame (10), the mounting frame (10) comprises an upper beam (1002) and a bottom beam (1001) located below the upper beam (1002), the pressing cylinder (304) is arranged at the bottom of the upper beam (1002), and the piston rod of the pressing cylinder (304) extends downward in a vertical direction, and a space is reserved for assembling pipe sections, and the lifting device (2) is arranged on the bottom beam (1001); The mounting frame (10) is anchored to the top of the platform foundation (101) so that the forces of the pressing device (3) and the lifting device (2) are transmitted to the platform foundation (101) and the pile foundation (102).

5. The shaft attitude control system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The shaft attitude control system further comprises a plurality of beam foundations for being embedded in the stratum (6); the plurality of beam foundations are respectively located between two adjacent platform foundations (101) and connected to the platform foundations (101); the plurality of beam foundations cooperate with the plurality of platform foundations (101) to form an annular ring beam structure (4).

6. A shaft attitude control method, It is characterized in that The shaft posture control method comprises: Platform construction, a plurality of control foundations (1) are arranged in a stratum (6) near the shaft opening, wherein the plurality of control foundations (1) are spaced and evenly distributed along the circumference of the shaft opening; Device installation, at least one lifting device (2) and at least one pressing device (3) are respectively arranged on the top of the plurality of control bases (1); During shaft excavation, the lifting device (2) and / or the pressing device (3) are used in stages to control the posture of the shaft body (5) as it descends into the ground (6); The vertical shaft is formed by sinking the vertical shaft body (5) to a preset position in the stratum (6), sealing the bottom of the vertical shaft body (5), and connecting the top of the vertical shaft body (5) to the control foundation (1).

7. The shaft posture control method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that In the device installation step, the lifting end of the lifting device (2) is connected to the bottom end of the shaft body (5); And / or, the pressing end of the pressing device (3) is arranged above the shaft body (5) in a liftable manner, so that the pressing end of the pressing device (3) can move downward to abut against the top of the shaft body (5) and apply downward pressure to the shaft body (5).

8. The shaft posture control method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The shaft excavation steps are divided into the front section of shaft construction, the middle section of shaft construction and the back section of shaft excavation. When in the front stage of the shaft construction, the shaft body (5) sinks due to its own weight, and the lifting device (2) is used to control the posture of the shaft body (5); When the shaft is in the middle of construction, the lifting device (2) and the pressing device (3) are used to cooperate to control the posture of the shaft body (5); The lifting device (2) is used to control the posture of the shaft body (5), and the pressing device (3) is used to provide power for the sinking of the shaft body (5); When the shaft is in the rear stage of excavation, the downward pressing device (3) is used to control the posture of the shaft body (5).

9. The shaft posture control method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The stratum (6) is a water-rich soft stratum. When in the front stage of the shaft construction, the lifting device (2) and the pressing device (3) are used to cooperate to control the posture of the shaft body (5), so that the bottom of the shaft body (5) is embedded in the stratum (6) through the pressing device (3).

10. The shaft posture control method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that When the shaft is in the middle of construction, the bottom of the shaft body (5) is embedded into the stratum (6) by the pressing device (3), and the posture of the shaft body (5) is controlled by the lifting device (2).

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