Optical detection device and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an optical detection device and a use method thereof, and the detection device comprises a shell, a light source, a baffle, a perovskite array plate, a data reader, a comparator and an alarm, the shell is in a cuboid structure, two baffles are arranged in the shell, and the two baffles and the inner wall of the shell enclose a sealed test cavity; the shell is provided with an air inlet communicating with the test cavity; the light source and the perovskite array plate are both arranged in the shell, and a plurality of perovskite detectors are arranged in the perovskite array plate; the data reader and the alarm are both electrically connected with the comparator; and the data reader is electrically connected with the perovskite detector. The detection device and the use method thereof are particularly suitable for detecting the air quality of the environment where the user is, have a simple overall structure, a small size and a relatively low cost, can not only achieve the detection purpose, but also reduce the detection cost, and are suitable for popularization and application.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of air detection, in particular to an optical detection device and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The global air detector market is growing at a rate of about 10% per year, with a market size of over 1 billion US dollars, and is expected to continue to grow steadily in the coming years. This is mainly due to the increasing concern about air quality and the increasing demand for environmental monitoring. At the same time, many countries and regions have formulated strict air quality standards and regulations, requiring the establishment and improvement of air quality monitoring systems, providing strong support for the construction and operation of air quality monitoring systems.

[0003] The common air quality detection devices at present mainly include spectrometers and gas chromatographs, etc. These detection instruments not only have high cost and large size, but also have relatively complex detection process, and are mainly used for meteorological station and laboratory detection, belonging to precision detection equipment, which limits their application scenarios. With the development of photoelectric technology, photoelectric detectors have become an indispensable tool in the fields of optical communication, biological medical sensing, ultraviolet to infrared light detection and early warning, etc.

[0004] In recent years, the research boom of perovskite materials from the field of solar energy has attracted the attention of more and more researchers. Due to the excellent optical absorption and charge transport characteristics of perovskite materials, they have received extensive attention. For example, the carrier migration distance is long, the light absorption coefficient is large, the quantum efficiency is high, and especially the solution processability and wavelength tunability, which reflect the huge application prospect of perovskite in photoelectric detectors. In the field of photoelectric detectors, various perovskite detectors have been developed.

[0005] In recent years, air pollution has gradually entered the public eye, and ordinary people pay more attention to the air quality of their environment. The movement and installation process of common air quality detection instruments is complex, and they are not suitable for ordinary people to use. In addition, ordinary people have low requirements for the detection accuracy of air quality. In fact, ordinary people have a higher demand for portable and easy-to-understand air measurement instruments. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the above problems and meet the detection needs of different groups of people, so as to provide an optical detection device for air detection. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to solve the problems existing in the background art. In order to solve the problems of large size, high cost and complex detection process of the existing air quality detection device, an optical detection device with simple structure and convenient operation is provided to meet the detection needs of ordinary people. Specifically, an optical detection device and a use method thereof are provided.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: an optical detection device, the detection device comprises a shell, a light source, a baffle, a perovskite array plate, a data reader, a comparator and an alarm, the shell is a cuboid structure, the baffle is provided with two, two baffles are arranged in the shell, two baffles and the inner wall of the shell form a sealed test cavity, the shell is provided with an air inlet communicating with the test cavity, and a sealable cover is arranged at the air inlet, the air inlet is used for injecting the measured gas into the test cavity, the light source is connected to the inner wall of one end of the shell, one side of the perovskite array plate is connected with a plurality of perovskite detectors, the perovskite array plate is connected to the other end of the shell, and the side with the perovskite detector is arranged towards the inside of the shell, the light emitted by the light source can pass through the test cavity and be absorbed by the measured gas as the detected light, and the detected light irradiates on the perovskite detector array, the perovskite detector array is used for reading and outputting the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector;

[0008] A plurality of perovskite detectors are arranged in a rectangular array to form a perovskite detector array, and the detection upper limit of every two adjacent perovskite detectors in each row of the perovskite detector array is separated by a monochromatic light wave band.

[0009] The data reader is connected to the perovskite detector array, the data reader and the alarm are connected with the comparator; the data reader is used for converting the photocurrent signal into light intensity electrical signal and category electrical signal after noise reduction and amplification processing, the comparator is used for comparing the light intensity electrical signal with the database corresponding to the category electrical signal, outputting and storing the air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal; the alarm is used for alarming according to the air quality result.

[0010] The optical detection device provided by the application is used to inject the to-be-detected gas into the test cavity, and the test cavity is irradiated by the light source, so that the harmful components in the to-be-detected gas absorb different colors of light in the light source, and the light source becomes the to-be-detected light after being absorbed by the to-be-detected gas. The to-be-detected light is irradiated on the perovskite array plate and can be detected by the perovskite detector array to obtain the photocurrent signal, and the photocurrent signal is processed by the data reader into the light intensity electrical signal and the category electrical signal. The perovskite detector array is formed by arranging a plurality of perovskite detectors in a rectangular array, and the detection upper limit of each adjacent two perovskite detectors in a row is separated by a monochromatic light wave band. Therefore, the air quality result can be obtained by comparing the change value between each adjacent two perovskite detectors in a row with the database stored in the comparator, and the comparator can store the air quality result. The comparator is further connected with the alarm, and the alarm can alarm according to the air quality result.

[0011] Compared with the structure of the air quality detection device currently used, the optical detection device provided by the application has a simpler structure, a smaller size, a relatively lower cost, and can measure the air quality result without multiple adjustments during the test and is easy to operate. It is more suitable for users to detect the air in their environment.

[0012] Further, as a preferred scheme of the application, the light source, the perovskite array plate and the two baffles are detachably connected to the shell.

[0013] The detachable connection is conducive to transportation and daily maintenance, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0014] Further, as a preferred scheme of the application, the shell is provided in a telescopic structure or a flexible structure.

[0015] Further, as a preferred scheme of the application, the to-be-detected gas is air, and the air quality result includes excellent, good, light pollution, moderate pollution, heavy pollution or serious pollution.

[0016] The air quality result outputs excellent, good, light pollution, moderate pollution, heavy pollution or serious pollution, so that the user can more intuitively and quickly obtain the air quality information. When the air quality detection result is moderate pollution, heavy pollution or serious pollution, the alarm prompts.

[0017] Further, as a preferred scheme of the application, the perovskite layer in the perovskite detector is a two-dimensional perovskite or a three-dimensional perovskite.

[0018] The application further discloses a use method of the optical detection device.

[0019] S1. injecting a to-be-detected gas into the test cavity through the gas inlet, the to-be-detected gas being air, and then sealing the test cavity;

[0020] S2. turning on the light source, and then adjusting the light source to be aligned with the test cavity, wherein the light emitted by the light source passes through the test cavity, is absorbed by the to-be-detected gas when passing through the to-be-detected gas, and becomes to-be-detected light which is emitted, and the to-be-detected light irradiates on the perovskite detector array;

[0021] S3. the perovskite detector array outputs a photoelectric current signal detected by each perovskite detector;

[0022] S4. the data reader receives the photoelectric current signal, performs noise reduction processing and amplification processing, and then converts the photoelectric current signal into a light intensity electrical signal and a category electrical signal;

[0023] S5. the comparator compares the received category electrical signal with a pollutant category electrical signal, and identifies a pollutant type in the to-be-detected gas;

[0024] S6. the comparator receives and calculates a change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by adjacent two perovskite detectors, and then compares the change value An with a database corresponding to the category electrical signal, to obtain an air pollution index IAQI n , compares the air pollution indexes IAQI n between different pollutants, and outputs an air quality result;

[0025] S7. the comparator stores the output air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal in the comparator;

[0026] S8. the alarm gives an alarm prompt according to the output air quality result.

[0027] The use method of the optical detection device uses an array formed by the photoelectric detector to detect changes of different color lights, compares the change value of the light intensity electrical signals of adjacent two perovskite detectors with the database corresponding to the category electrical signal in the comparator to obtain the air pollution index, and then outputs the air quality result according to the air pollution index.

[0028] The above use method only needs to inject the to-be-detected gas and turn on the light source, the perovskite detector array can quickly detect the photocurrent signal, the comparator only needs to compare the light intensity electrical signal processed by the data reader with the database storing the corresponding category electrical signal to obtain the result, the detection is very fast and simple to operate, and is beneficial to daily air detection needs.

[0029] Further, as a preferred scheme of the present application, the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is less than or equal to 50, the corresponding air quality is excellent; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 51 and 100, the corresponding air quality is good; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 101 and 150, the corresponding air quality is slightly polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 151 and 200, the corresponding air quality is moderately polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is between 201 and 300, the corresponding air quality is heavily polluted; the air pollution index IAQI n When the value is greater than 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted.

[0030] Further, as a preferred scheme of the present application, the specific processing steps in step S6 are as follows:

[0031] S61. The change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by two adjacent perovskite detectors is calculated in sequence;

[0032] S62. The change value An is compared with a plurality of standard change values In in the database corresponding to the category electrical signal in sequence, and the air pollution index IAQI n of the change value An is obtained.

[0033] S63. All the air pollution indexes IAQI n are compared, and the air quality result corresponding to the maximum value of the air pollution index IAQI n is output as the air quality result of the to-be-detected gas.

[0034] Further, as a preferred scheme of the present application, when the air quality result in step S8 is excellent, good or slightly polluted, the alarm does not give an alarm prompt; when the air quality result is moderately polluted, heavily polluted or severely polluted, the alarm gives an alarm prompt.

[0035] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The overall structure is simpler, the size is smaller, the cost is relatively lower, the air quality results can be measured without multiple adjustments during the testing process, the operation is simple and easy to understand, and it is more suitable for users to test the air quality of their own environment.

[0037] 2. Easy to use: Simply inject the gas to be tested and turn on the light source. The perovskite detector array can quickly detect the photocurrent signal. The comparator only needs to compare the light intensity electrical signal processed by the data reader with the database storing the corresponding category of electrical signals to obtain the result. The detection is very fast and the operation is simple, which is beneficial to daily air detection needs. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the detection device described in this invention;

[0040] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial perspective view;

[0041] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural diagram;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the usage method described in this invention.

[0043] The figure shows: 1-shell, 2-light source, 3-baffle, 4-perovskite array plate, 41-perovskite detector array, 411-perovskite detector, 5-data reader, 6-comparator, 7-alarm, 8-air inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments thereof. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the embodiment provides an optical detection device, comprising a shell 1, a light source 2, two baffles 3, a perovskite array plate 4, a data reader 5, a comparator 6 and an alarm 7, the shell 1 is a cuboid structure, two baffles 3 are connected to the inner wall of the shell 1, and two baffles 3 and the inner wall of the shell 1 form a sealed test cavity, the shell 1 is provided with an air inlet 8, and a sealable cover is arranged at the air inlet 8, the air inlet 8 is used to inject the test gas into the test cavity, and the light source 2 is connected to the inner wall of one end of the shell 1. Figure 3 As shown, the perovskite array plate 4 is connected with a plurality of perovskite detectors 411, the perovskite array plate 4 is connected to the other end of the shell 1 and has one side with the perovskite detector 411 arranged towards the inside of the shell 1, the light emitted by the light source 2 can be absorbed by the test gas in the test cavity as the detected light, and the detected light irradiates on the perovskite detector array 41, and the perovskite detector array 41 is used to read and output the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector 411;

[0046] A plurality of perovskite detectors 411 are arranged in a rectangular array to form a perovskite detector array 41, and the detection upper limit of every two adjacent perovskite detectors 411 in each row of the perovskite detector array 41 is separated by a monochromatic light wave band;

[0047] The data reader 5, the comparator 6 and the alarm 7 are all arranged outside the shell 1, the data reader 5 is connected to the perovskite detector array 41, and the data reader 5 and the alarm 7 are both connected to the comparator 6; the data reader 5 is used to convert the light intensity electrical signal and the category electrical signal after the noise reduction and amplification processing of the photocurrent signal, the comparator 6 is used to compare the light intensity electrical signal with the database corresponding to the category electrical signal, output and store the air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal; and the alarm 7 is used to alarm according to the air quality result.

[0048] Further, the optical detection device is used, the test gas is air, and the air quality result includes excellent, good, light pollution, moderate pollution, heavy pollution or serious pollution. When the test gas detection result is moderate pollution, heavy pollution or serious pollution, the alarm 7 alarms.

[0049] Further, the optical detection device is used, the perovskite layer in the perovskite detector 411 is two-dimensional perovskite or three-dimensional perovskite.

[0050] The optical detection device provided in the embodiment is used to detect air, and harmful substances contained in the air include PM2.5, PM10, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and ozone. Different harmful substances absorb different wavelengths of light. The perovskite components of each perovskite detector 411 are adjusted so that the upper detection limits of every two adjacent perovskite detectors 411 in each row of the perovskite detector array 41 are separated by a monochromatic light band. In this way, the photocurrent signals of the corresponding gases can be detected by the perovskite detector array 41 respectively. The data reader 5 can convert the photocurrent signals into light intensity electrical signals and category electrical signals after noise reduction and amplification. The comparator 6 compares the light intensity electrical signals with the database corresponding to the category electrical signals, thereby obtaining the air quality result, and simultaneously outputting and storing the air quality result and the light intensity electrical signals. The alarm 7 can alarm when the air quality result is moderate pollution, severe pollution or serious pollution.

[0051] It can be seen that, compared with the air quality detection device currently used, the optical detection device provided in the embodiment has a simpler structure, a smaller size and a relatively lower cost. In the test process, the air quality result can be detected without multiple adjustments, and the operation is simple and easy to understand, which is more suitable for users to detect the air of the environment in which they live. Embodiment 2

[0052] In order to facilitate carrying and use, the shell 1 is provided in a telescopic or flexible structure in this embodiment, and the light source 2, the baffle 3 and the perovskite array plate 4 are detachably connected in the shell 1. When detection is needed, the device can be assembled and used, and when it is not needed, the device can be conveniently carried. Embodiment 3

[0053] As shown in Figure 4 The use method of the optical detection device is provided in the embodiment, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. Inject the test cavity with the to-be-detected gas through the air inlet 8, and then seal the test cavity;

[0055] S2. Turn on the light source 2, and then adjust the light source 2 so that it is aligned with the test cavity. The light emitted by the light source 2 passes through the test cavity, is absorbed by the to-be-detected gas when passing through the to-be-detected gas, and becomes to-be-detected light which is emitted. The to-be-detected light irradiates on the perovskite detector array 41;

[0056] S3. The perovskite detector array 41 outputs the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector 411.

[0057] S4. The data reader 5 receives the photocurrent signal, carries out noise reduction and amplification processing, and converts it into a light intensity electrical signal and a category electrical signal;

[0058] S5. The comparator 6 compares the received category electrical signal with a pollutant category electrical signal and identifies the type of pollutant in the gas to be measured;

[0059] S6. The comparator 6 receives and calculates the change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by two adjacent perovskite detectors 411, and then compares the change value An with a database corresponding to the category electrical signal to obtain an air pollution index IAQI n , compares the air pollution indexes IAQI n between different pollutants, and outputs an air quality result;

[0060] S7. The comparator 6 stores the output air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal in the comparator 6;

[0061] S8. The alarm 7 alarms according to the output air quality result.

[0062] Further, in the use method of the embodiment, when the air pollution index IAQI n is less than or equal to 50, the corresponding air quality is excellent; when the air pollution index IAQI n is between 51 and 100, the corresponding air quality is good; when the air pollution index IAQI n is between 101 and 150, the corresponding air quality is slightly polluted; when the air pollution index IAQI n is between 151 and 200, the corresponding air quality is moderately polluted; when the air pollution index IAQI n is between 201 and 300, the corresponding air quality is heavily polluted; and when the air pollution index IAQI n is greater than 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted.

[0063] Further, in the use method of the embodiment, the specific processing steps in step S6 are as follows:

[0064] S61. The change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by two adjacent perovskite detectors 411 is calculated in sequence;

[0065] S62. The change value An is compared with a plurality of standard change values In in the database corresponding to the category electrical signal in sequence, and the air pollution index IAQIn ;

[0066] S63. Compare all the air pollution indexes IAQI n , output the maximum value of the air pollution index IAQI n corresponding to the air quality result, which is the air quality result of the gas to be detected.

[0067] Further, in the step S8, when the air quality result is excellent, good or slightly polluted, the alarm 7 does not give an alarm prompt; when the air quality result is moderately polluted, heavily polluted or severely polluted, the alarm 7 gives an alarm prompt, by using the use method of the embodiment.

[0068] By using the use method of the embodiment, first open the sealing cover arranged at the air inlet 8, inject air into the test cavity through the air inlet 8, and then close the sealing cover to make the test cavity in a sealed state. During detection, first turn on the light source 2, the light emitted by the light source 2 is absorbed by the air in the test cavity as the detected light, the detected light irradiates on the perovskite array panel 4, the perovskite detector array 41 outputs the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector 411 to the data reader 5, the data reader 5 outputs the light intensity electrical signal and the category electrical signal after noise reduction and amplification processing of the photocurrent signal; the comparator 6 receives the light intensity electrical signal, calculates the change value An between the light intensity electrical signals of each adjacent two perovskite detector arrays 41, and then obtains the air pollution index IAQI n of the change value An by comparing the change value with a plurality of standard change values In in the database corresponding to the category electrical signal stored in the comparator 6; compare the air pollution indexes IAQI n of different pollutants, and take the maximum value as the air pollution index of the gas to be detected; the comparator 6 compares the numerical value of the air pollution index IAQI n with the data in the database according to the numerical value of the air pollution index IAQI n , when the numerical value is less than or equal to 50, the corresponding air quality is excellent; when the numerical value is between 51 and 100, the corresponding air quality is good; when the numerical value is between 101 and 150, the corresponding air quality is slightly polluted; when the numerical value is between 151 and 200, the corresponding air quality is moderately polluted; when the numerical value is between 201 and 300, the corresponding air quality is heavily polluted; when the numerical value is greater than 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted. n n n n ​​​When the value is greater than 300, the corresponding air quality is serious pollution. The comparator 6 outputs the air quality result and stores the air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal; when the air quality result output by the comparator 6 is moderate pollution, heavy pollution or serious pollution, the alarm 7 gives an alarm prompt; otherwise, the alarm 7 does not give an alarm prompt.

[0069] It can be seen that the optical detection device has the advantages that the light source 2, the baffle 3 and the perovskite array plate 4 are detachably connected in the shell 1, a closed test cavity is formed by the baffle 3 and the shell 1, and the perovskite detector array 41 formed by the plurality of perovskite detectors 411 arranged in a rectangular array on the perovskite array plate 4 can quickly detect the photocurrent signal, the data reader 5 and the comparator 6 are arranged, the comparator 6 only needs to compare the light intensity electrical signal processed by the data reader 5 with the database storing the corresponding category electrical signal to obtain the result, and the alarm 7 gives an alarm prompt or does not give an alarm prompt according to the detection result, so that the air detection demand in daily life is convenient and fast, operation is simple, and the overall structure is simple, small in size and low in cost.

[0070] In summary, the detection device and the use method have the advantages that the air quality result can be detected without multiple adjustments during the test, operation is simple and easy to understand, the device is particularly suitable for detecting the air quality of the environment where the user stays, the overall structure is simple, small in size and low in cost, the detection purpose is achieved, the detection cost is reduced, and the device is suitable for popularization and application.

[0071] In addition, the optical detection device has the advantages that the light source 2, the perovskite detector 411, the data reader 5, the comparator 6 and the alarm 7 are common devices in the prior art and can be purchased on the market, the devices are applied to the present application without structural changes, and the devices can be matched with each other to meet the use requirements.

[0072] The other details of the present application are well known to those skilled in the art, and thus are not described in detail.

[0073] The protection scope of the present application is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the specific embodiments, and the above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the present application, and any slight modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made according to the technical solutions of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. An optical detection device, characterized by: The detection device comprises a shell (1), a light source (2), a baffle (3), a perovskite array plate (4), a data reader (5), a comparator (6) and an alarm (7), the shell (1) is a cuboid structure, the baffle (3) is provided with two, two baffles (3) are arranged in the shell (1), two baffles (3) and the inner wall of the shell (1) are enclosed to form a sealed test cavity, the shell (1) is provided with an air inlet (8) communicating with the test cavity, the air inlet (8) is used for injecting the test gas into the test cavity, the light source (2) is connected to the inner wall of one end of the shell (1), one side of the perovskite array plate (4) is connected with a plurality of perovskite detectors (411), the perovskite array plate (4) is connected to the other end of the shell (1), and the side with the perovskite detector (411) is arranged towards the inside of the shell (1), the light emitted by the light source (2) can pass through the test cavity and be absorbed by the test gas as the detected light, and the detected light is irradiated on the perovskite detector array (41), the perovskite detector array (41) is used for reading and outputting the photocurrent signal detected by each perovskite detector (411); A plurality of perovskite detectors (411) are arranged in a rectangular array to form a perovskite detector array (41), and the detection upper limit of every two adjacent perovskite detectors (411) in each row of the perovskite detector array (41) is separated by a monochromatic light wave band; The data reader (5) is connected to the perovskite detector array (41), the data reader (5) and the alarm (7) are connected with the comparator (6); the data reader (5) is used for converting the photocurrent signal into light intensity electrical signal and category electrical signal after noise reduction processing and amplification processing, the comparator (6) is used for comparing the light intensity electrical signal with the database corresponding to the category electrical signal, outputting and storing the air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal; The alarm (7) is used for alarming according to the air quality result; Wherein, the light source (2), the perovskite array plate (4) and the two baffles (3) can be detachably connected in the shell (1); the perovskite layer in the perovskite detector (411) is two-dimensional perovskite or three-dimensional perovskite.

2. The optical detection device of claim 1, wherein: The shell (1) is provided as a telescopic structure or a flexible structure.

3. The optical detection device of claim 1, wherein: The test gas is air, and the air quality result includes excellent, good, light pollution, moderate pollution, heavy pollution or serious pollution.

4. The optical detection device of claim 3, wherein: When the test gas detection result is moderate pollution, heavy pollution or serious pollution, the alarm (7) alarms.

5. A method of using an optical detection device, characterized in that The use method adopts the optical detection device of any one of claims 1 to 4, and the specific steps are as follows: S1. Inject the test gas into the test cavity through the air inlet (8), the test gas is air, and then seal the test cavity; S2. Turn on the light source (2), and then adjust the light source (2) to be aligned with the test chamber, the light emitted by the light source (2) passes through the test chamber, and when passing through the to-be-detected gas, the light is absorbed by the to-be-detected gas and becomes to-be-detected light emitted, and the to-be-detected light irradiates on the perovskite detector array (41); S3. The perovskite detector array (41) outputs a photoelectric current signal detected by each perovskite detector (411); S4. The data reader (5) receives the photoelectric current signal, performs noise reduction processing and amplification processing, and then converts the photoelectric current signal into a light intensity electrical signal and a category electrical signal; S5. The comparator (6) compares the received category electrical signal with a pollutant category electrical signal, and identifies the type of pollutant in the to-be-detected gas; S6. The comparator (6) receives and calculates a change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by adjacent two perovskite detectors (411), and then compares the change value An with a database corresponding to the category electrical signal to obtain an air pollution index IAQIn, compares the air pollution indexes IAQIn between different pollutants, and outputs an air quality result; S7. The comparator (6) stores the output air quality result and the light intensity electrical signal in the comparator (6); S8. The alarm (7) alarms according to the output air quality result.

6. The method of use of claim 5, wherein: When the air pollution index IAQIn is less than or equal to 50, the corresponding air quality is excellent; when the air pollution index IAQIn is between 51 and 100, the corresponding air quality is good; when the air pollution index IAQIn is between 101 and 150, the corresponding air quality is slightly polluted; when the air pollution index IAQIn is between 151 and 200, the corresponding air quality is moderately polluted; When the air pollution index IAQIn is between 201 and 300, the corresponding air quality is heavily polluted; When the air pollution index IAQIn is greater than 300, the corresponding air quality is severely polluted.

7. The method of use of claim 5, wherein The specific processing steps in step S6 are as follows: S61. Calculate the change value An between the light intensity electrical signals detected by adjacent two perovskite detectors (411) in sequence; S62. Compare the change value An with a plurality of standard change values In in the database corresponding to the category electrical signal in sequence, and obtain the air pollution index IAQIn of the change value An; S63. Compare all the air pollution indexes IAQIn, output the air quality result corresponding to the maximum value in the air pollution indexes IAQIn, and the air quality result is the air quality result of the to-be-detected gas.

8. The method of use of claim 5, wherein When the air quality result in step S8 is excellent, good, or slightly polluted, the alarm (7) does not alarm; when the air quality result is moderately polluted, heavily polluted, or severely polluted, the alarm (7) alarms.

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