Intelligent switch for household appliances

Abstract

The application relates to the field of smart home, and discloses a household electrical appliance intelligent switch which comprises a smart electric meter module, a smart socket and switch module, a central control unit module, a user interface module, a communication module, a sensor module and a communication module. The household electrical appliance intelligent switch system provided by the application realizes intelligent control and power saving management of household electrical appliances through the cooperative work of the smart electric meter, the smart socket and switch, the sensor module, the central control unit, the user interface, the communication module and the analysis module. The system can automatically adjust the running time and power of the electrical appliances according to real-time electricity price, environmental parameters and user behavior, improve the comfort and convenience of family life, and optimize energy consumption and reduce costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of smart home, specifically a smart switch for home appliances. Background Technology

[0002] Smart homes utilize various advanced technologies to interconnect and intelligently manage different devices and systems within the home, thereby automating, simplifying, and enhancing the efficiency of family life. A smart home system can encompass multiple aspects, including lighting, security, temperature control, appliances, and entertainment. Through intelligent control and automated operation, it improves the comfort, safety, and energy efficiency of family life.

[0003] Smart homes utilize modern technology to interconnect and intelligently manage various devices and systems within the home, thereby automating, facilitating, and increasing the efficiency of family life. Smart home systems can improve comfort, security, and energy efficiency, possessing broad application prospects and development potential. Therefore, this paper proposes a smart home switch. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) The technical problem to be solved: How to intelligently control home appliances.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution: This invention provides a smart switch for household appliances, comprising:

[0006] Smart meter module: It adopts high-precision current and voltage sensors, which can accurately measure current, voltage and power; at the same time, it has a built-in high-performance metering chip, which can quickly process sensor data and calculate real-time power and cumulative power consumption.

[0007] Smart socket and switch module: It adopts high-precision current and voltage sensors to accurately measure the power consumption of electrical appliances; at the same time, it has a built-in high-performance control chip that can quickly process sensor data and execute user control commands.

[0008] Central control unit module: Employs a high-performance embedded processor or industrial computer, which receives data from smart meters, smart sockets, switches, and sensor modules, performs data processing and analysis, and calculates the optimal operating time and power settings for appliances based on electricity price information, equipment status, and user preferences.

[0009] User interface module: This can be a smartphone application, tablet application, or web-based control panel, supporting multiple operating systems and device platforms to display appliance on / off status, power consumption, and electricity price information in real time; it also provides settings and control functions, allowing users to set the operating time and priority of appliances according to their needs and preferences.

[0010] Communication module: Supports multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth and Ethernet, and is responsible for data transmission between modules;

[0011] Sensor module: Used to monitor environmental parameters in the home environment to optimize the operation of appliances; it is also used to monitor user behavior parameters to analyze user habits and preferences.

[0012] Analysis module: Processes historical data and performs predictive analysis using machine algorithms. The specific steps for predicting air conditioner turn-on time are as follows:

[0013] First, using sensors to collect ambient temperature T(t), ambient humidity H(t), light intensity L(t), user behavior data U(t), and timestamp t, these data are expressed as:

[0014] X(t)=[T(t);H(t);L(t);U(t)]

[0015] This is the multidimensional time series expression for these data;

[0016] Second, each feature in the data is dimensionless, so that all features are in a standard set. The formula for calculating the feature standard is:

[0017]

[0018] Where u is the mean of the feature and σ is the standard deviation of the feature;

[0019] Third, the time series data is constructed into an LSTM input format. Suppose that data from the past k time steps is used to predict the future air conditioning start time Y(t):

[0020]

[0021] Among them, X norm (t) is the standardized feature, and the target slip wire predicts the future air conditioning start time Y(t);

[0022] Fourth, the internal calculation formula of the LSTM unit is as follows:

[0023] First, regarding the Forgotten Gate:

[0024] f t =σ(W f [h t-1 ,x t ]+b f )

[0025] Secondly, regarding the input gate:

[0026] it =σ(W i [h t-1 ,x t ]+b i )

[0027]

[0028] Secondly, regarding cell state updates:

[0029]

[0030] Finally, regarding the output gate:

[0031] o t =σ(W o [h t-1 ,x t ]+b o )

[0032] h t =o t ⊙tanh(C t )

[0033] Where σ is the sigmoid function, tanh is the tanh function, ⊙ represents element-wise multiplication, and W and b are the weight matrix and bias vector, respectively.

[0034] 5. The output of the LSTM is passed through a fully connected layer to obtain the predicted value:

[0035]

[0036] The loss function is the mean squared error:

[0037]

[0038] The loss function is minimized and the model parameters are updated using the backpropagation algorithm and optimizer.

[0039] 6. Using models for prediction:

[0040]

[0041] This is the formula for predicting when the air conditioner will start.

[0042] Furthermore, smart meters are installed in household distribution boxes or meter boxes to monitor electricity consumption in real time; in addition, smart meters require regular maintenance and calibration to ensure measurement accuracy and stable data transmission.

[0043] Furthermore, smart sockets and switches are installed at the power sockets or switch locations of appliances to monitor and control the operating status of appliances in real time.

[0044] Furthermore, the central control unit has a built-in large-capacity memory for storing historical data and processing structures; data storage employs a redundant backup mechanism to ensure data integrity and security.

[0045] Furthermore, the central control unit is installed in the home's electrical distribution box or central location; at the same time, it needs to be equipped with a heat dissipation device for heat dissipation and ventilation.

[0046] Furthermore, environmental parameters in the home include, but are not limited to, temperature, humidity, light, and air quality; user behavior parameters include, but are not limited to, exercise, sleep, and activity.

[0047] Furthermore, the temperature sensor in the sensor module is installed in the center of the room, the humidity sensor is installed in a location with good air circulation, the light sensor is installed in a location with significant changes in light, and the motion sensor is installed in a location where the user frequently moves.

[0048] Furthermore, the analysis module is integrated into the central control unit, which can analyze user behavior patterns, usage frequency, and time preference data to optimize the operating status and time settings of appliances.

[0049] (III) Technical Effects: The intelligent home appliance switching system provided by this invention achieves intelligent control and energy-saving management of home appliances through the coordinated operation of smart meters, smart sockets and switches, sensor modules, central control units, user interfaces, communication modules, and analysis modules. The system can automatically adjust the operating time and power of appliances based on real-time electricity prices, environmental parameters, and user behavior, improving the comfort and convenience of home life while optimizing energy consumption and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] The smart switch for home appliances provided in this specific embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes:

[0054] 1. Smart Meter Module: Employing high-precision current and voltage sensors, it accurately measures current, voltage, and power. Simultaneously, it incorporates a high-performance metering chip capable of rapidly processing sensor data to calculate real-time power and cumulative electricity consumption. The smart meter can monitor a household's total electricity consumption in real time, updating at a frequency of once per second or higher. This ensures the system can accurately monitor and analyze electricity usage. The smart meter not only records electricity consumption but also retrieves current electricity price information. Electricity price information is typically obtained from the power company's server via the internet, ensuring data timeliness and accuracy. The smart meter has built-in memory to store historical electricity consumption data and price information. Data is transmitted to the central control unit via wireless or wired communication, ensuring data integrity and security.

[0055] 2. Smart Socket and Switch Module: Employing high-precision current and voltage sensors, these modules accurately measure the power consumption of appliances. They also integrate a high-performance control chip for rapid data processing and execution of user control commands. Smart sockets and switches support remote control, allowing users to control the on / off status of appliances anytime, anywhere via smartphones, tablets, and other devices. This remote control function is achieved through wireless communication, ensuring timely and reliable control. Smart sockets and switches also feature a built-in timer function, allowing users to set the on / off times of appliances for timed control. This timer function can optimize appliance operating time based on user habits and electricity pricing information, reducing electricity costs. Smart sockets and switches are typically installed at the appliance's power outlet or switch location to ensure real-time monitoring and control of the appliance's operating status. During installation, it is crucial to ensure a secure connection between the device and the power system to prevent electrical faults.

[0056] Third, the central control unit module: Employing a high-performance embedded processor or industrial computer, it receives data from smart meters, smart sockets, switches, and sensor modules, processes and analyzes the data to calculate optimal appliance operating times and power settings based on electricity price information, device status, and user preferences. The central control unit is typically installed in the home's distribution box or central location, ensuring stable and reliable communication with all modules. During installation, good heat dissipation is crucial to prevent overheating from affecting system performance.

[0057] Fourth, the user interface module: This can be a smartphone application, tablet application, or a web-based control panel, supporting multiple operating systems and device platforms to display real-time appliance on / off status, power consumption, and electricity price information. It also provides settings and control functions, allowing users to customize appliance operating times and priorities according to their needs and preferences. The user interface application needs to be easy to install and configure; users can download and install smartphone applications from app stores or access the web control panel through a browser.

[0058] 5. Communication Modules: These include, but are not limited to, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth, and Ethernet, responsible for data transmission between modules. The stability and reliability of data transmission are fundamental to the normal operation of the system. Communication modules need to have anti-interference capabilities and high bandwidth to ensure data transmission quality. Communication modules support multiple communication protocols, such as TCP / IP, MQTT, and CoAP. Different communication protocols have different characteristics and application scenarios. The installation and configuration of communication modules need to be simple and easy to perform, ensuring that devices can quickly and stably connect to the system. Wireless communication modules typically support automatic network configuration and rapid setup, while wired communication modules need to consider cabling and interface compatibility.

[0059] Sixth, the sensor module: Used to monitor environmental parameters in the home to optimize appliance operation; it also monitors user behavior parameters to analyze usage habits and preferences. The sensor module can monitor various parameters in the home environment in real time, such as temperature, humidity, light, and air quality. This data can be used to optimize appliance operation and improve the comfort and convenience of home life. The sensor module can also monitor user behavior, such as movement, sleep, and activity. This data can be used to analyze user habits and preferences to provide personalized services and experiences. The installation location of the sensor module needs to be selected according to monitoring needs to ensure accurate data collection. Temperature sensors are typically installed in the center of the room, humidity sensors in well-ventilated areas, light sensors in areas with significant light changes, and motion sensors in areas of frequent user activity.

[0060] 7. Analysis Module: This module processes historical data and performs predictive analysis using machine algorithms. By analyzing user behavior data, it understands user habits and preferences, enabling the provision of personalized services and experiences. User behavior analysis includes activity patterns, usage frequency, and time preferences, which can be used to optimize the operating status and time settings of appliances.

[0061] For example, the specific steps for predicting when the air conditioner will turn on are as follows:

[0062] Step 1: Collect ambient temperature T(t), ambient humidity H(t), light intensity L(t), user behavior data U(t), and timestamp t using sensors, and express these data as follows:

[0063] X(t)=[T(t);H(t);L(t);U(t)]

[0064] This is the multidimensional time series expression for these data;

[0065] Step two: Dimensionless processing is performed on each feature in the data, so that all features reside in a standard set. The formula for calculating the feature standard is:

[0066]

[0067] Where u is the mean of the feature and σ is the standard deviation of the feature;

[0068] Step 3: Construct the time series data into an LSTM input format. Suppose we use data from the past k time steps to predict the future air conditioning start-up time Y(t):

[0069]

[0070] Among them, X norm (t) is the standardized feature, and the target slip wire predicts the future air conditioning start time Y(t);

[0071] Step four, the internal calculation formula of the LSTM unit is as follows:

[0072] First, regarding the Forgotten Gate:

[0073] f t =σ(W f [h t-1 ,x t ]+b f )

[0074] Secondly, regarding the input gate:

[0075] i t =σ(W i [h t-1 ,x t ]+b i )

[0076]

[0077] Secondly, regarding cell state updates:

[0078]

[0079] Finally, regarding the output gate:

[0080] o t =σ(W o [h t-1 ,x t ]+b o )

[0081] h t =o t ⊙tanh(C t )

[0082] Where σ is the sigmoid function, tanh is the tanh function, ⊙ represents element-wise multiplication, and W and b are the weight matrix and bias vector, respectively.

[0083] Step 5: The LSTM output passes through a fully connected layer to obtain the predicted value.

[0084]

[0085] The loss function is the mean squared error:

[0086]

[0087] The loss function is minimized and the model parameters are updated using the backpropagation algorithm and optimizer.

[0088] Step 6: Use the model to make predictions:

[0089]

[0090] This is the formula for predicting when the air conditioner will start.

[0091] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0092] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smart switch for household appliances, characterized in that, include: Smart meter module: It adopts high-precision current and voltage sensors, which can accurately measure current, voltage and power; at the same time, it has a built-in high-performance metering chip, which can quickly process sensor data and calculate real-time power and cumulative power consumption. Smart socket and switch module: It adopts high-precision current and voltage sensors to accurately measure the power consumption of electrical appliances; at the same time, it has a built-in high-performance control chip that can quickly process sensor data and execute user control commands. Central control unit module: Employs a high-performance embedded processor or industrial computer, which receives data from smart meters, smart sockets, switches, and sensor modules, performs data processing and analysis, and calculates the optimal operating time and power settings for appliances based on electricity price information, equipment status, and user preferences. User interface module: This is a smartphone application, tablet application, or web-based control panel that supports multiple operating systems and device platforms to display the on / off status of appliances, power consumption, and electricity price information in real time. It also provides settings and control functions, allowing users to set the operating time and priority of appliances according to their needs and preferences. Communication module: Supports multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth and Ethernet, and is responsible for data transmission between modules; Sensor module: Used to monitor environmental parameters in the home environment to optimize the operation of appliances; it is also used to monitor user behavior parameters to analyze user habits and preferences. Analysis module: Processes historical data and performs predictive analysis using machine algorithms. The specific steps for predicting air conditioner turn-on time are as follows: First, using sensors to collect ambient temperature T(t), ambient humidity H(t), light intensity L(t), user behavior data U(t), and timestamp t, these data are expressed as: This is the multidimensional time series expression for these data; Second, each feature in the data is made dimensionless so that all features are in a standard set; Third, the time series data is constructed into an LSTM input format, assuming that data from the past k time steps is used to predict future air conditioning start times. : in, These are standardized features, and the goal is to predict future air conditioning start times. ; Fourth, the internal calculation formula of the LSTM unit is as follows: First, regarding the Forgotten Gate: Secondly, regarding the input gate: Secondly, regarding cell state updates: Finally, regarding the output gate: in, It is the sigmoid function, and tanh is the tanh function. This represents element-wise multiplication, where W and b are the weight matrix and bias vector, respectively.

5. The output of the LSTM is passed through a fully connected layer to obtain the predicted value: The loss function is the mean squared error: The loss function is minimized and the model parameters are updated using the backpropagation algorithm and optimizer.

6. Using models for prediction: This is the formula for predicting when the air conditioner will start.

2. The intelligent household appliance switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, Smart meters are installed in household distribution boxes or meter boxes to monitor electricity consumption in real time. In addition, smart meters require regular maintenance and calibration to ensure measurement accuracy and stable data transmission.

3. The intelligent switch for household appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, Smart sockets and switches are installed at the power sockets or switch locations of appliances to monitor and control the operating status of appliances in real time.

4. The intelligent switch for household appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control unit has a built-in large-capacity memory for storing historical data and processing structures; data storage employs a redundant backup mechanism to ensure data integrity and security.

5. The intelligent switch for household appliances according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The central control unit is installed in the electrical distribution box or central location of the home; it also needs to be equipped with a heat dissipation device for heat dissipation and ventilation.

6. The intelligent switch for household appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, Environmental parameters in the home include, but are not limited to, temperature, humidity, light, and air quality; user behavior parameters include, but are not limited to, exercise, sleep, and activity.

7. The intelligent switch for household appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensor in the sensor module is installed in the center of the room, the humidity sensor is installed in a well-ventilated area, the light sensor is installed in a location where the light changes significantly, and the motion sensor is installed in a location where the user frequently moves.

8. The intelligent switch for household appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis module is integrated into the central control unit. It can analyze user behavior data such as activity patterns, usage frequency, and time preferences to optimize the operating status and time settings of appliances.

9. The intelligent switch for household appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the characteristic standard is: Where u is the mean of the features, It is the standard deviation of the feature.

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