Laboratory waste gas ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function

Abstract

The invention discloses laboratory waste gas ventilation equipment with a multi-stage purification function, and particularly relates to the technical field of waste gas purification, the laboratory waste gas ventilation equipment comprises a shell and a recovery pipeline mounted at the input end of the shell, a top sealing plate and a bottom sealing plate are sequentially and fixedly mounted in the shell from top to bottom, and a plurality of placement cavities are formed between the top sealing plate and the bottom sealing plate; a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the placement cavity; from the two aspects of damage and blockage, whether the purification part is damaged or not is judged firstly, a processing signal is generated for the complete purification part, the blocked purification part is cleaned, waste gas in a to-be-cleaned area is conveyed into the shell in the cleaning process, waste gas leakage is avoided, and the service life of the purification part is prolonged. And the cleaned purification part is evaluated and analyzed again, so that the purification effect of the purification part is ensured, and waste gas leakage in the purification part cleaning process is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas purification, and more specifically, to laboratory waste gas ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function. Background Art

[0002] The laboratory fume hood direct exhaust chemical waste gas treatment module is a fume hood used in the laboratory to filter the gases emitted by harmful emission chemical reagents and particulate microorganisms emitted by microbial reagents used in the test. The value after filtering is far lower than the national standard value required for indoor air. It is an efficient, safe and environmentally friendly environmental purification technology. The existing fume hood technology is equipped with a filtering device, but it is also a medium and high efficiency filter and a conventional activated carbon filter, which still cannot achieve the filtering effect for most chemical pollutant waste gases;

[0003] According to the patent document with publication number CN109569136A, the fume hood direct exhaust chemical waste gas treatment device in the device can efficiently purify the gas volatilized from the chemical reagents in the laboratory fume hood and the harmful particles volatilized from the microbial reagents;

[0004] However, in the above patent document, when the laboratory exhaust gas is initially filtered to remove large particles in the exhaust gas, it is not possible to perform multi-stage preliminary filtration to improve the solid particle purification effect;

[0005] At the same time, the filter elements in the device need to be regularly disassembled and cleaned, otherwise the purification effect of the filter elements will be reduced, and it will not be possible to ensure the purification effect of the filter elements by multi-angle and multi-evaluation of the filter elements without affecting the purification of the exhaust gas. In addition, during the cleaning process, it is necessary to avoid leakage of exhaust gas and ensure the safety of the device during cleaning.

[0006] In view of the above technical defects, a solution is now provided. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides laboratory exhaust ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laboratory exhaust ventilation device with a multi-stage purification function, comprising a shell and a recovery pipe installed at the input end thereof, wherein a top sealing plate and a bottom sealing plate are fixedly installed in the shell from top to bottom in sequence, a plurality of placement cavities are arranged between the top sealing plate and the bottom sealing plate, a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the placement cavity, a retaining ring is fixedly connected to the top side wall of the placement cavity, and a purification member is arranged between the limiting ring and the retaining ring;

[0009] A central shaft is rotatably arranged at the centers of the top sealing plate and the bottom sealing plate, and a conveying cavity is formed inside the central shaft;

[0010] A control panel is arranged on the outer wall of the housing. The control panel includes a collection module, a processor, a damage identification module, a pressure comparison module, a warning module, and an execution module.

[0011] Furthermore, a cleaning pipe is wound around the bottom side wall of the recovery pipe. The input end of the cleaning pipe extends into the housing and is rotatably connected to the top of the central shaft, and the cleaning pipe is communicated with the conveying cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, an upper shielding plate is fixedly connected to the top side wall of the central shaft, and a support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the central shaft. A cylinder is arranged above the support plate, and the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a lower shielding plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper shielding plate is attached to the top of the placement cavity. An upper connecting pipe is inserted into the top wall of the upper shielding plate, and a flushing ring is formed inside the upper shielding plate. The output end of the upper connecting pipe is communicated with the flushing ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower shielding plate is attached to the bottom of the placement cavity. A lower connecting pipe is inserted into the bottom wall of the lower shielding plate. The input ends of the upper connecting pipe and the lower connecting pipe are both communicated with the conveying cavity, and a control valve I and a control valve II are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the upper connecting pipe and the lower connecting pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, a sewage discharge pipe is arranged at the output end of the placement cavity, and a control valve III is arranged on the outer wall of the sewage discharge pipe. An exhaust pipe is also fixedly inserted into the top wall of the upper shielding plate, and a control valve IV is arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the collection module is used to collect the damage values on the inner and outer sides of the purification component within the cleaning time threshold, and send the obtained damage values to the damage identification module through the processor;

[0017] After receiving the damage value, the damage identification module immediately marks it as the damage value Ti, and compares and analyzes the damage value Ti with the preset damage value Tit stored in the processor. When Ti≥Tit, a warning signal is generated and the warning signal is converted into text and sent to the display screen in the main control room; when Ti<Tit, a processing signal is generated and the obtained processing signal is sent to the pressure comparison module.

[0018] Furthermore, after receiving the processing signal, the pressure comparison module immediately collects the pressure value of the purification component within the cleaning time threshold, immediately marks it as ST, and compares and analyzes the pressure value ST with the preset pressure value STi stored in the processor;

[0019] When ST≥STi, a cleaning signal is generated and the obtained cleaning signal is sent to the execution module and the verification module. After receiving the cleaning signal, the execution module controls the central axis to rotate through the motor; when ST<STi, no signal is generated.

[0020] When the verification module receives the cleaning signal, it collects the cleanliness value of the purification component within the drying time threshold, and compares and analyzes the obtained cleanliness value Yt with the preset cleanliness value Yti stored in the internal memory of the processor.

[0021] When Yt≥Yti, a flushing signal is generated and the obtained flushing signal is sent to the execution module. After receiving the flushing signal, the execution module inputs the purified water through the cleaning pipe and continues to flush the inner wall of the purification component; when Yt≥Yti, no signal is generated.

[0022] Furthermore, the bottom end of the central axis extends outside the housing and is fixedly provided with a motor. An installation frame is arranged at the bottom of the motor, and a conveying pipeline is arranged at the output end of the housing.

[0023] Furthermore, the purification component is composed of three groups of filter barrels, and activated carbon is filled between every two adjacent filter barrels.

[0024] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0025] 1. The present invention analyzes and processes the cleaning of the purification component from two perspectives of damage and blockage. That is, first, the damage identification module determines whether the purification component is damaged, and gives a timely warning to the damaged purification component, cleans the intact purification component, and generates a processing signal. The pressure comparison module analyzes the blockage condition of the purification component, determines whether it needs to be cleaned, cleans the blocked purification component, conveys the waste gas in the area to be cleaned to the inside of the housing during the cleaning process to avoid waste gas leakage, and re-evaluates and analyzes the purified component after the cleaning process to determine whether it is clean. Through the methods of multi-angle and multi-evaluation, the purification conditions of the purification component are analyzed, which not only ensures the purification effect of the purification component, but also avoids waste gas leakage during the process of cleaning the purification component, and improves the safety of the use of this device.

[0026] 2. The present invention controls the rotation of the central axis through a motor so that the upper shielding plate and the lower shielding plate shield the upper and lower parts of the purification part to be cleaned, so as to form a sealed area to be cleaned. The detergent in the cleaning pipe bypasses the recovery pipe, carries a small amount of heat on its surface into the conveying cavity, fills the area to be cleaned with detergent from bottom to top, and discharges all the waste gas inside the area to be cleaned into the shell, so as to ensure the complete purification of the waste gas and avoid waste gas leakage. The warm detergent has high activity and fully dissolves the dirt on the inner and outer walls of the purification part, discharges all the sewage inside the area to be cleaned to the outside of the shell, and completes the preliminary cleaning. Subsequently, clean water is conveyed through the cleaning pipe so that the clean water rinses the purification part, rinses the detergent on the purification part, and discharges it through the sewage pipe; finally, air is blown into the upper and lower parts of the purification part through the cleaning pipe to dry the inside of the purification part. By soaking first, flushing and drying, the cleaning quality of the purification part is ensured and the filtering effect is improved.

[0027] 3. The present invention realizes a multi-stage purification function of laboratory waste gas by forming a purification element consisting of three groups of filter barrels, filling activated carbon between every two adjacent groups of filter barrels, and fixing the three groups of filter barrels with a connecting frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional appearance diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a front view of the internal structure of the shell in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the cleaning mechanism in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the shell in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the purification element in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the midsole sealing plate of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a structural front view of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 It is an enlarged view of the structure of the purification element in the present invention.

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the system framework in the present invention.

[0037] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. recovery pipe; 2. shell; 3. purification part; 4. central axis; 51. conveying chamber; 52. placement chamber; 53. cleaning pipe; 54. top sealing plate; 55. upper baffle plate; 56. lower baffle plate; 57. exhaust pipe; 58. limiting ring; 59. retaining ring; 510. upper connecting pipe; 511. cylinder; 512. lower connecting pipe; 513. support plate; 514. bottom sealing plate; 515. drain pipe; 516. flushing ring; 6. motor; 7. mounting frame; 8. control panel; 9. conveying pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1: Figure 1-9 As shown, the laboratory exhaust ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function proposed in this embodiment includes a shell 2 and a recovery pipe 1 installed at its input end. The output end of the shell 2 is provided with a delivery pipe 9. The recovery pipe 1 is connected to the laboratory and is located above the operating table to absorb the exhaust gas generated by the experiment. The inside of the shell 2 is fixedly installed with a top sealing plate 54 and a bottom sealing plate 514 from top to bottom. A plurality of placement cavities 52 are provided between the top sealing plate 54 and the bottom sealing plate 514. The plurality of placement cavities 52 are arranged in a circular array relative to the center line of the shell 2.

[0040] It should be noted that the waste gas from the laboratory enters the shell 2 through the recovery pipe 1 for multi-stage purification, and then passes through the delivery pipe 9 for subsequent treatment;

[0041] An EC centrifugal fan is provided inside the recovery pipe 1 to ventilate the waste gas generated in the laboratory;

[0042] A limit ring 58 is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the placement chamber 52, a retaining ring 59 is fixedly connected to the top side wall of the placement chamber 52, a purification member 3 is arranged between the limit ring 58 and the retaining ring 59, a central shaft 4 is rotatably arranged at the center of the top sealing plate 54 and the bottom sealing plate 514, a conveying chamber 51 is opened inside the central shaft 4, a cleaning pipe 53 is wound around the bottom side wall of the recovery pipeline 1, an input end of the cleaning pipe 53 extends into the shell 2 and is rotatably connected to the top of the central shaft 4, and the cleaning pipe 53 is communicated with the conveying chamber 51;

[0043] An upper baffle plate 55 is fixedly connected to the top side wall of the central axis 4, and the upper baffle plate 55 fits with the top of the placement cavity 52. ​​A support plate 513 is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the central axis 4, and a cylinder 511 is arranged above the support plate 513. A lower baffle plate 56 is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 511, and the lower baffle plate 56 fits with the bottom of the placement cavity 52. ​​An upper connecting pipe 510 is inserted into the top wall of the upper baffle plate 55, and a flushing ring 516 is opened inside the upper baffle plate 55. The output end of the upper connecting pipe 510 is connected to the flushing ring 516, and the output end of the flushing ring 516 is arranged toward the purification element 3;

[0044] A lower connecting pipe 512 is inserted into the bottom wall of the lower shielding plate 56. The input ends of the upper connecting pipe 510 and the lower connecting pipe 512 are both connected to the delivery chamber 51. The outer walls of the upper connecting pipe 510 and the lower connecting pipe 512 are respectively provided with a control valve 1 and a control valve 2.

[0045] like Figure 1-4 As shown in 6-7, a drain pipe 515 is provided at the output end of the placement chamber 52, and a control valve 3 is provided on the outer wall of the drain pipe 515;

[0046] like Figure 1-9 As shown, an exhaust pipe 57 is fixedly inserted on the top wall of the upper shielding plate 55, and a control valve 4 is provided on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 57;

[0047] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the purification element 3 includes three groups of filter barrels, each two adjacent groups of filter barrels are filled with activated carbon, and the three groups of filter barrels are fixedly connected by a connecting frame to achieve a multi-stage purification function for laboratory exhaust gas;

[0048] Embodiment 2: Figure 7 As shown, the laboratory exhaust ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function proposed in this embodiment is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, and a control panel 8 is provided on the outer wall of the shell 2, and the control panel 8 includes a collection module, a processor, a damage identification module, a pressure comparison module, an early warning module, an execution module and a verification module;

[0049] The collection module is used to collect the damage values ​​of the inner and outer sides of the purification component 3 within the cleaning time threshold, and send the obtained damage values ​​to the damage identification module through the processor;

[0050] It should be noted that the cleaning time threshold is expressed as the duration of one hour of operation of the purification component 3; the damage value is expressed as the total number of cracks on the inner wall and the outer wall of the purification component 3, and the damage value is acquired by image sensors arranged on the top wall of the upper shielding plate 55 and the top wall of the lower shielding plate 56, and the image sensors are installed above the two after waterproof treatment;

[0051] After receiving the damage value, the damage identification module immediately marks it as the damage value Ti, and compares and analyzes the damage value Ti with the preset damage value Tit stored in the internal memory of the processor;

[0052] When Ti≥Tit, a warning signal is generated, and the warning signal is converted into the text "Purification part 3 is damaged, replace it in time" and sent to the display screen in the main control room, and a master is sent to repair and replace it in time;

[0053] When Ti<Tit, a processing signal is generated, and the obtained processing signal is sent to the pressure comparison module;

[0054] After receiving the processing signal, the pressure comparison module immediately collects the pressure value of the purification part 3 within the cleaning time threshold. The pressure value represents the wind pressure difference between the inside and outside of the purification part 3. Immediately mark the pressure value as the pressure value ST, and compare and analyze the pressure value ST with the preset pressure value STi stored in the internal memory of the processor;

[0055] It should be added here that the pressure value is collected by two groups of wind pressure sensors, which are installed on the inside and outside of the purification part 3 respectively;

[0056] When ST≥STi, a cleaning signal is generated, and the obtained cleaning signal is sent to the execution module and the verification module. After receiving the cleaning signal, the execution module controls the central shaft 4 to rotate through the motor 6, so that the upper shielding plate 55 and the lower shielding plate 56 shield the upper and lower parts of the purification part 3 to be cleaned, forming a sealed area to be cleaned. Immediately open the cleaning pipe 53. The cleaning agent in the cleaning pipe 53 bypasses the recovery pipe 1, carries a small amount of heat on its surface into the conveying cavity 51, and opens the control valve II, so that the cleaning agent continuously fills the area to be cleaned from bottom to top due to the principle of communicating vessels. Synchronously open the control valve IV to discharge all the waste gas inside the area to be cleaned into the housing 2 to ensure the complete purification of the waste gas and avoid waste gas leakage;

[0057] Moreover, the warm cleaning agent has high activity, and fully dissolves the dirt on the inner and outer walls of the purification part 3. After the reaction is completed, synchronously open the control valve III and close the control valve II and the control valve IV to discharge all the sewage inside the area to be cleaned to the outside of the housing 2 to complete the preliminary cleaning; Subsequently, open the control valve I, and send clean water through the cleaning pipe 53 to wash the purification part 3, and wash the cleaning agent on the purification part 3, all of which are discharged through the sewage pipe 515; Finally, open the control valve II again, so that air is blown into the upper and lower parts of the purification part 3 through the cleaning pipe 53 to dry the inside of the purification part 3 to ensure the filtering effect of the purification part 3;

[0058] When ST<STi, no signal is generated;

[0059] When the verification module receives the cleaning signal, it immediately collects the clean value of the purification component 3 within the drying time threshold, and compares and analyzes the obtained clean value Yt with the preset clean value Yti stored in the processor; it should be supplemented here that the drying time threshold is expressed as the drying time of the purification component 3 for 30 minutes after cleaning; the clean value is expressed as the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the purification component 3 after cleaning;

[0060] When Yt≥Yti, a flushing signal is generated and sent to the execution module. After receiving the flushing signal, the execution module inputs clean water through the cleaning pipe 53 and continues to flush the inner wall of the purification element 3; when Yt≥Yti, no signal is generated;

[0061] like Figure 1 , 7 As shown, the bottom end of the central shaft 4 extends to the outside of the housing 2 and is fixedly provided with a motor 6. A mounting bracket 7 is provided at the bottom of the motor 6, and the motor 6 is fixedly limited by the mounting bracket 7.

[0062] In combination with Example 1 and Example 2, it can be known that the present invention starts from the two angles of damage and blockage to perform cleaning analysis and processing on the purification component 3, that is, first determine whether the purification component 3 is damaged through the damage identification module, and perform timely early warning processing on the damaged purification component 3, clean the complete purification component 3, and generate a processing signal, analyze the blockage of the purification component 3 through the pressure comparison module, determine whether it needs to be cleaned, and clean the blocked purification component 3, and during the cleaning process, transport the exhaust gas from the area to be cleaned to the inside of the shell 2 to avoid exhaust gas leakage, and re-evaluate and analyze the purification component 3 after cleaning to determine whether it is clean, and analyze the purification conditions of the purification component 3 through multi-angle and multi-evaluation methods, which not only ensures the purification effect of the purification component 3, but also avoids exhaust gas leakage during the cleaning process of the purification component 3, thereby improving the safety of the use of the device.

[0063] Step 1: First, the experimental exhaust gas is drawn into the interior of the housing 2 through the recovery pipe 1, and the exhaust gas inside the housing 2 is purified by the purification component 3. The dust particles inside the purified exhaust gas are removed to facilitate subsequent purification operations;

[0064] Step 2: In this process, the blockage and damage of the purification component 3 are analyzed by the damage identification module in the control panel 8, and a warning signal or a processing signal is obtained based on the analysis. If a warning signal is obtained, a warning process is performed, and if a processing signal is obtained, step 3 is entered;

[0065] Step 3: After receiving the processing signal, the pressure comparison module immediately collects the pressure value of the purification component 3 within the cleaning time threshold and performs comparative analysis. If a cleaning signal is generated, it goes to step 4 and sends the obtained cleaning signal to the verification module synchronously;

[0066] Step 4: Control the central shaft 4 to rotate so that the upper shielding plate 55 and the lower shielding plate 56 shield the upper and lower parts of the purification part 3 to be cleaned, forming a sealed area to be cleaned, and immediately open the cleaning pipe 53. The cleaning agent in the cleaning pipe 53 bypasses the recovery pipe 1 and enters the delivery chamber 51, and open the control valve 2 to fill the area to be cleaned with the cleaning agent from bottom to top, and simultaneously open the control valve 4 to discharge all the waste gas inside the area to be cleaned into the shell 2. After the reaction is completed, open the control valve 3 simultaneously, and close the control valve 2 and the control valve 4 to discharge all the sewage inside the area to be cleaned to the outside of the shell 2, completing the preliminary cleaning;

[0067] Step 5: Subsequently, control valve 1 is opened to deliver clean water through the cleaning pipe 53, so that the clean water is used to rinse the purification element 3, and the detergent on the purification element 3 is rinsed clean and discharged through the sewage pipe 515; finally, control valve 2 is opened again to allow air to be blown into the top and bottom of the purification element 3 through the cleaning pipe 53, and the inside of the purification element 3 is dried in all directions to ensure the filtering effect of the purification element 3;

[0068] Step six: After receiving the cleaning signal, the verification module re-analyzes the cleaned purification component 3. If a flushing signal is generated, clean water is input through the cleaning pipe 53. At this time, the control valve 2 is closed and the inner wall of the purification component 3 continues to be flushed. If no signal is generated, it means that the cleaning is completed, thereby ensuring the filtering effect of the ventilation equipment on exhaust gas dust.

[0069] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A laboratory exhaust ventilation device with a multi-stage purification function, comprising a housing (2) and a recovery pipe (1) installed at its input end, It is characterized in that A top sealing plate (54) and a bottom sealing plate (514) are fixedly installed in sequence inside the shell (2) from top to bottom, a plurality of placement cavities (52) are arranged between the top sealing plate (54) and the bottom sealing plate (514), a limiting ring (58) is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the placement cavity (52), a retaining ring (59) is fixedly connected to the top side wall of the placement cavity (52), and a purification component (3) is arranged between the limiting ring (58) and the retaining ring (59); A central shaft (4) is rotatably disposed at the center of the top sealing plate (54) and the bottom sealing plate (514), and a conveying cavity (51) is provided inside the central shaft (4); A control panel (8) is provided on the outer wall of the shell (2), and the control panel (8) comprises a collection module, a processor, a damage identification module, a pressure comparison module, an early warning module, an execution module and a verification module.

2. The laboratory exhaust ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function according to claim 1, Features: A cleaning pipe (53) is wound around the bottom side wall of the recovery pipe (1), the input end of the cleaning pipe (53) extends into the shell (2) and is rotatably connected to the top of the central shaft (4), and the cleaning pipe (53) is in communication with the conveying chamber (51).

3. The laboratory exhaust ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function according to claim 2, Features: An upper shielding plate (55) is fixedly connected to the top side wall of the central shaft (4), a support plate (513) is fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the central shaft (4), a cylinder (511) is arranged above the support plate (513), and a lower shielding plate (56) is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (511).

4. The laboratory exhaust ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function according to claim 3, Features: The upper shielding plate (55) is fitted with the top of the placement cavity (52); an upper connecting tube (510) is inserted into the top wall of the upper shielding plate (55); a flushing ring (516) is provided inside the upper shielding plate (55); and the output end of the upper connecting tube (510) is connected to the flushing ring (516).

5. The laboratory exhaust ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function according to claim 4, Features: The lower shielding plate (56) is fitted with the bottom of the placement cavity (52); a lower connecting pipe (512) is inserted into the bottom wall of the lower shielding plate (56); the input ends of the upper connecting pipe (510) and the lower connecting pipe (512) are both connected to the delivery cavity (51); and control valve 1 and control valve 2 are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the upper connecting pipe (510) and the lower connecting pipe (512).

6. The laboratory exhaust ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function according to claim 5, Features: The output end of the placement cavity (52) is provided with a sewage discharge pipe (515), and a control valve three is arranged on the outer wall of the sewage discharge pipe (515). An exhaust pipe (57) is fixedly inserted on the top wall of the upper shielding plate (55), and a control valve four is arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe (57).

7. The laboratory waste gas ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The acquisition module is used to acquire the damage values inside and outside the purification component (3) within the cleaning time threshold, and send the obtained damage values to the damage identification module through the processor; After receiving the damage value, the damage identification module immediately marks it as the damage value Ti, and compares and analyzes the damage value Ti with the preset damage value Tit stored in the internal memory of the processor. When Ti≥Tit, a warning signal is generated and the warning signal is converted into text and sent to the display screen in the main control room. When Ti<Tit, a processing signal is generated and the obtained processing signal is sent to the pressure comparison module.

8. The laboratory waste gas ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function according to claim 7, characterized in that: After receiving the processing signal, the pressure comparison module immediately acquires the pressure value of the purification component (3) within the cleaning time threshold, immediately marks it as ST, and compares and analyzes the pressure value ST with the preset pressure value STi stored in the internal memory of the processor; When ST≥STi, a cleaning signal is generated and the obtained cleaning signal is sent to the execution module and the verification module. After receiving the cleaning signal, the execution module controls the central shaft (4) to rotate through the motor (6). When ST<STi, no signal is generated; After receiving the cleaning signal, the verification module acquires the cleanliness value of the purification component (3) within the drying time threshold, and compares and analyzes the obtained cleanliness value Yt with the preset cleanliness value Yti stored in the internal memory of the processor; When Yt≥Yti, a flushing signal is generated and the obtained flushing signal is sent to the execution module. After receiving the flushing signal, the execution module inputs clean water through the cleaning pipe (53) and continues to flush the inner wall of the purification component (3). When Yt≥Yti, no signal is generated.

9. The laboratory waste gas ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the central shaft (4) extends outside the housing (2) and is fixedly provided with a motor (6). An installation frame (7) is arranged at the bottom of the motor (6), and a conveying pipe (9) is arranged at the output end of the housing (2).

10. The laboratory waste gas ventilation equipment with multi-stage purification function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purification component (3) is composed of three groups of filter barrels, and activated carbon is filled between every two adjacent filter barrels.

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