Preparation method of impact-resistant buoyancy plate

Abstract

The preparation method comprises the following steps: laying glass fiber cloth on demolding cloth, uniformly coating glass fiber reinforced plastic resin to infiltrate the glass fiber cloth, repeating the operations of laying the glass fiber cloth and coating the glass fiber reinforced plastic resin, and curing and demolding to obtain a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate; glass fiber reinforced plastic grating strips are obtained through cutting according to the design size and are mutually spliced to obtain the glass fiber reinforced plastic grating; placing the glass fiber reinforced plastic grating in a mold, adding a buoyancy material main body raw material, curing, and demolding to obtain a buoyancy material main body; the glass fiber reinforced plastic skin is laid on the surface of the buoyancy material main body through a vacuum infusion method; the glass fiber reinforced plastic skin is formed by compounding glass fiber cloth and glass fiber reinforced plastic resin; compared with a conventional impact-resistant material, the glass fiber reinforced plastic grating and the glass fiber reinforced plastic skin are added in the formula, the performance of the buoyancy material can be effectively improved, and particularly in the aspect of impact resistance, the added glass fiber reinforced plastic grating and the glass fiber reinforced plastic skin can effectively avoid expansion of surface and internal cracks while resisting impact force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and in particular relates to a method for preparing an impact-resistant buoyancy plate. Background Art

[0002] Buoyancy material is a closed-cell composite foam plastic obtained by uniformly dispersing fillers such as hollow glass microspheres, hollow plastic microspheres, and hollow metal microspheres into a polymer matrix (resin, etc.) through a certain preparation process. It has excellent properties such as high strength, low density, and low water absorption. Through lamination design, it can achieve efficient energy absorption and transmission. It is an important material for deep-sea unmanned or manned submersibles.

[0003] FRP is a composite material reinforced by glass fiber. It has the advantages of light weight, high strength and corrosion resistance. It is widely used in transportation, construction, electronics, aerospace and other fields. It is an ideal material for manufacturing buoyancy material plates. In recent years, with the rise of transportation, composite materials used to manufacture automobile, train, ship body, parts and aircraft as an important component have received more and more attention. It is reported that many countries in the world have carried out extensive research on deep-sea buoyancy materials, and the high-strength buoyancy materials developed are widely used in civil, commercial and military fields.

[0004] In deep-sea applications, in order to ensure that the buoyancy material has high compressive strength and greater safety and reliability, hollow glass microspheres and epoxy resin composite materials are often the only choice. This composite material can make full use of the high strength and adhesion of epoxy resin, and the advantages of glass microspheres such as light weight, hollowness, and heat insulation. It plays an important role in ensuring the buoyancy of the submersible, increasing the payload of the submersible, and reducing its external dimensions, especially in the construction of deep-sea submersibles, improving underwater sports performance and safe application. When actually used, the buoyancy material needs to be immersed in water for a long time, requiring it to have the characteristics of low water absorption, good pressure resistance, and impact resistance under the premise of low density.

[0005] In recent years, this new type of composite material has been gradually applied to energy-absorbing buffer devices for automobiles and road bridges due to its advantages such as low density, high specific energy absorption and heat insulation. By adding hollow microspheres to the resin matrix, the crushing effect of the hollow microspheres can better absorb external impacts, which can not only meet the basic needs of automotive energy-absorbing materials, but also meet the needs of lightweight automobiles. At the same time, it can also effectively insulate, which is beneficial to the thermal management of electric vehicle batteries. However, after the resin matrix undergoes a cross-linking reaction with the curing agent, the three-dimensional network structure formed inside has poor toughness and insufficient impact resistance. Before the hollow microspheres are completely crushed, extended cracks will appear along the buoyancy material sheet, leading to the overall destruction of the material. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problem that conventional buoyancy materials have insufficient impact resistance, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-performance impact-resistant buoyancy sheet.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0008] A method for preparing an impact-resistant buoyancy plate comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) Laying glass fiber cloth on the demoulding cloth, evenly coating the glass fiber cloth with glass fiber reinforced plastic resin to impregnate the glass fiber cloth, repeating the operation of laying the glass fiber cloth and coating the glass fiber reinforced plastic resin, and solidifying and demoulding to obtain a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate; cutting the glass fiber reinforced plastic grille bars according to the designed size, and splicing them together to obtain a glass fiber reinforced plastic grille;

[0010] (2) placing the glass fiber reinforced plastic grating in a mold, adding the raw material of the main body of the buoyancy material, and demolding after curing to obtain the main body of the buoyancy material;

[0011] (3) The surface of the main body of the buoyancy material is covered with a fiberglass skin by vacuum infusion; the fiberglass skin is made of a composite of fiberglass cloth and fiberglass resin.

[0012] According to the above scheme, the thickness of the fiberglass reinforced plastic grille is 0.5-2 mm, the thickness of the main body of the buoyancy material is 3-8 mm, and the thickness of the fiberglass reinforced plastic skin is 0.4-5 mm.

[0013] According to the above scheme, in step 1, the curing temperature is 25-30°C and the curing time is 3-5h.

[0014] According to the above scheme, in step 2, the curing temperature is 20-25°C and the curing time is 24-72h.

[0015] According to the above scheme, the glass fiber cloth adopts model SW220C-100B.

[0016] According to the above scheme, the main raw materials of the buoyancy material are calculated by weight: 100 parts of vinyl resin, 0.2-0.6 parts of diluent, 1-3 parts of coupling agent, 20-30 parts of glass microbead powder, 0.2-0.6 parts of accelerator, 0.5-1 parts of defoaming agent, 0.5-1 parts of deaerator, 2-2.5 parts of dispersant, and 0.5-1.5 parts of curing agent.

[0017] According to the above scheme, the vinyl resin is one or two of E22-901 resin, 3201 resin, 820(A) resin, and 820(m) resin.

[0018] According to the above scheme, the diluent is one or two of S06 diluent, UE6H diluent and vinyl toluene.

[0019] According to the above scheme, the coupling agent is one or two of KH-560 coupling agent, KH-570 coupling agent, and A-187 silane coupling agent.

[0020] According to the above scheme, the glass microbead powder is one or two of K1 glass microbead powder (particle size 22-200 μm), H20 glass microbead powder (particle size 22-200 μm), and H15 glass microbead powder (particle size 22-200 μm).

[0021] According to the above scheme, the promoter is one or two of the LDB promoter, the LDA promoter and the E5 promoter.

[0022] According to the above scheme, the defoaming agent is one or both of tributyl phosphate defoaming agent and BYK-A530 defoaming agent.

[0023] According to the above solution, the defoaming agent is one or both of BYK-A560 defoaming agent and BYK-A570 defoaming agent.

[0024] According to the above scheme, the dispersant is one or both of 908 dispersant and BYK-W9010 dispersant.

[0025] According to the above solution, the curing agent is one or two of LC curing agent, K90 curing agent and L liquid curing agent.

[0026] According to the above scheme, the fiberglass resin raw materials are calculated by weight: 100 parts of vinyl resin, 2 to 4 parts of curing agent, 0.1 to 4 parts of accelerator, 0.5 to 1 part of coupling agent, 8 to 12 parts of flame retardant, 0 to 5 parts of diluent and 0.2 to 0.5 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

[0027] According to the above scheme, the vinyl resin is one or two of E22-901 resin, 3201 resin, 820(A) resin, and 820(m) resin.

[0028] According to the above scheme, the diluent is one or two of styrene diluent, S06 diluent, UE6H diluent and vinyl toluene.

[0029] According to the above scheme, the coupling agent is one or two of KH-560 coupling agent, KH-570 coupling agent, and A-187 silane coupling agent.

[0030] According to the above scheme, the promoter is one or two of LDB promoter, LDA promoter, E5 promoter and E4 promoter.

[0031] According to the above scheme, the curing agent is one or two of LC curing agent, K90 curing agent and L liquid curing agent.

[0032] According to the above scheme, the flame retardant is one or two of FR-685 flame retardant, FR-2025 flame retardant, and FR-8705 flame retardant;

[0033] According to the above scheme, the solid filler is white carbon black, with a silicon dioxide content of 90-98% and a specific surface area of ​​161-800m 2 / g.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The invention has simple process, low cost and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0036] Compared with conventional impact-resistant materials, adding FRP grating and FRP skin to the formula can effectively improve the performance of buoyancy materials, especially in terms of impact resistance. The added FRP grating and FRP skin can effectively prevent the expansion of surface and internal cracks while resisting impact force.

[0037] During the design and manufacturing process, the FRP grating buoyancy material plate can be customized according to specific application needs to meet different usage conditions and performance requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the impact-resistant buoyancy plate of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following examples further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] A specific embodiment provides a main raw material of a buoyancy material, which is calculated by weight: 100 parts of vinyl resin, 0.2-0.6 parts of diluent, 1-3 parts of coupling agent, 20-30 parts of glass microbead powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of curing agent, 0.2-0.6 parts of accelerator, 0.5-1 parts of defoaming agent, 0.5-1 parts of deaerator, and 2-2.5 parts of dispersant;

[0041] A specific embodiment provides a glass fiber reinforced plastic resin raw material, which comprises, by weight: 100 parts of vinyl resin, 2-4 parts of curing agent, 0.1-4 parts of accelerator, 0.5-1 parts of coupling agent, 8-12 parts of flame retardant, 0-5 parts of diluent and 0.2-0.5 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

[0042] The specific implementation also provides an impact-resistant buoyancy plate, and its structural schematic diagram is shown in the attached Figure 1 , the preparation method is as follows:

[0043] (1) Laying glass fiber cloth on the demoulding cloth, evenly coating the glass fiber cloth with glass fiber reinforced plastic resin to impregnate the glass fiber cloth, repeating the operation of laying the glass fiber cloth and coating the glass fiber reinforced plastic resin, and solidifying and demoulding to obtain a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate; cutting the glass fiber reinforced plastic grille bars according to the designed size, and splicing them together to obtain a glass fiber reinforced plastic grille;

[0044] (2) placing the glass fiber reinforced plastic grating in a mold, adding the raw material of the main body of the buoyancy material, and demolding after curing to obtain the main body of the buoyancy material;

[0045] (3) The surface of the main body of the buoyancy material is covered with a fiberglass skin by vacuum infusion; the fiberglass skin is made of a composite of fiberglass cloth and fiberglass resin.

[0046] All raw materials used in the specific implementation method were commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] The fiberglass resin raw materials are calculated by weight: 100 parts of vinyl ester resin, 4 parts of curing agent, 2 parts of accelerator, 0.5 parts of coupling agent, 10 parts of flame retardant, 2 parts of diluent and 0.4 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

[0049] Cut 4 pieces of 360*360 high-strength fiberglass cloth, dry the high-strength fiberglass cloth, control the temperature at 70-90℃, and the time is 2-4 hours. Wax the mold surface evenly 3 times, with an interval of more than 20 minutes between each time, and then lay the demoulding cloth. Lay the high-strength fiberglass cloth on the demoulding cloth, and then evenly brush the above resin. Rotate the mold when laying, scrape the fiber cloth flat with a scraper, and scrape off the excess glue to prevent wrinkles and remove bubbles. After the cloth is soaked, lay the second layer of cloth in the same way. The overlap seams between adjacent layers should be staggered evenly in proportion. Lay and mold in sequence according to the above method, lay 4 layers of fiberglass cloth to make fiberglass plates, and make 360*5*0.8mm fiberglass grille bars through mechanical processing. The fiberglass grille bars are spliced ​​together to form a grille size of 15*15 fiberglass grille.

[0050] The buoyancy material weighs the following raw materials by mass: 100 parts of vinyl ester resin, 28 parts of glass microbead powder, 1.5 parts of coupling agent, 2 parts of dispersant, 0.2 parts of accelerator, 0.5 parts of diluent, 0.5 parts of defoamer, 0.5 parts of deaerator, 2 parts of dispersant, and 1.3 parts of curing agent.

[0051] Put the FRP grille into the mold, stir the main raw materials of the buoyancy material evenly and pour them into the mold, put them into the vacuum degassing box for vibration degassing for 20 minutes, take them out, and after natural curing, demould and cure them, heat them to 80℃ in the oven for 72 hours and cool them naturally before taking them out. The impact-resistant surface of the 360*360*5mm buoyancy material plate is covered with a 0.8mm FRP skin by vacuum infusion, and the back is covered with a 0.4mm FRP skin.

[0052] According to GB / T6343-2009, the density is 900Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 39MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 7.36KJ / ㎡.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A method for preparing high-performance impact-resistant buoyancy material

[0055] Production of FRP grating: Weigh the following raw materials by mass: 100 parts of vinyl ester resin, 2 parts of curing agent, 1 part of accelerator, 0.5 parts of coupling agent, 8 parts of flame retardant, 3 parts of diluent and 0.2 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

[0056] Cut 6 pieces of 360*360 high-strength fiberglass cloth, dry the high-strength fiberglass cloth, control the temperature at 70-90℃, and the time is 2-4 hours. Wax the mold surface evenly 3 times, with an interval of more than 20 minutes between each time, and then paste the release cloth. Lay the high-strength fiberglass cloth on the release cloth, and then evenly brush the above resin. Rotate the mold when laying the layers, scrape the fiber cloth flat with a scraper, and scrape off the excess glue to prevent wrinkles and remove bubbles. After the cloth is soaked, lay the second layer of cloth in the same way. The overlap seams between adjacent layers should be staggered evenly in proportion. Lay and mold in sequence according to the above method, lay 6 layers of fiberglass cloth to make fiberglass plates, and make 360*5*1.2mm fiberglass grille bars through mechanical processing. The fiberglass grille bars are spliced ​​together to form a fiberglass grille with a grille size of 20*20.

[0057] The buoyancy material weighs the following raw materials by mass: 100 parts of vinyl ester resin, 1.2 parts of curing agent, 30 parts of glass microbead powder, 1 part of coupling agent, 0.3 parts of accelerator, 0.4 parts of diluent, 0.6 parts of defoaming agent, 0.6 parts of deaerator, and 2.2 parts of dispersant.

[0058] Add the resin to the kneader, add the coupling agent, diluent, glass microbead powder in turn, and after stirring evenly, add the accelerator, dispersant, defoaming agent and curing agent. Put the FRP grille into the mold, stir evenly, pour it into the mold, put it into the vacuum defoaming box for vibration defoaming, take it out after 20 minutes, and perform post-curing after natural curing. Heat it to 80℃ in the oven for 72 hours, and take it out after natural cooling. The impact-resistant surface of the 360*360*5mm buoyancy material plate is covered with a 2mm FRP skin by vacuum infusion, and the back is covered with a 1mm FRP skin.

[0059] After the post-cured board is sampled, the density test is carried out according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density is 1010Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 45MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 8.45KJ / ㎡.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] A method for preparing high-performance impact-resistant buoyancy material

[0062] Production of FRP grating: Weigh the following raw materials by mass: 100 parts of vinyl ester resin, 3 parts of curing agent, 3 parts of accelerator, 0.7 parts of coupling agent, 11 parts of flame retardant, 4 parts of diluent and 0.5 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

[0063] Cut 4 pieces of 360*360 high-strength fiberglass cloth, dry the high-strength fiberglass cloth, control the temperature at 70-90℃, and the time is 2-4 hours. Wax the mold surface evenly 3 times, with an interval of more than 20 minutes between each time, and then lay the demoulding cloth. Lay the high-strength fiberglass cloth on the demoulding cloth, and then evenly brush the above resin. Rotate the mold when laying, scrape the fiber cloth flat with a scraper, and scrape off the excess glue to prevent wrinkles and remove bubbles. After the cloth is soaked, lay the second layer of cloth in the same way. The overlap seams between adjacent layers should be staggered evenly in proportion. Lay and mold in sequence according to the above method, lay 4 layers of fiberglass cloth to make fiberglass plates, and make 360*10*0.8mm fiberglass grille bars through mechanical processing. The fiberglass grille bars are spliced ​​together to form a grille size of 15*15 fiberglass grille.

[0064] The buoyancy material weighs the following raw materials by mass: 100 parts of vinyl ester resin, 0.8 parts of curing agent, 20 parts of glass microbead powder, 1.6 parts of coupling agent, 0.6 parts of accelerator, 0.6 parts of diluent, 0.9 parts of defoaming agent, 0.9 parts of deaerator, and 2.4 parts of dispersant.

[0065] Add the resin to the kneader, add the coupling agent, diluent, glass bead powder in turn, and after stirring evenly, add the accelerator, dispersant, defoaming agent and curing agent. Put the FRP grille into the mold, stir evenly, pour it into the mold, put it into the vacuum defoaming box for vibration defoaming, take it out after 20 minutes, and perform post-curing after natural curing. Heat it to 80℃ in the oven for 72 hours, and take it out after natural cooling. The impact-resistant surface of the 360*360*10mm buoyancy material plate is covered with a 0.8mm FRP skin by vacuum infusion, and the back is covered with a 0.4mm FRP skin.

[0066] After the post-cured board is sampled, the density is tested according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density is 950Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 50MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 8.79KJ / ㎡.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] Example 1 was repeated without adding the fiberglass grid.

[0069] Density test was carried out according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density was 280Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 28.62MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 2.32KJ / ㎡.

[0070] Comparative Example 2

[0071] Example 1 was repeated, except that the fiberglass grille was replaced with a PP honeycomb.

[0072] After the post-cured board is sampled, the density is tested according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density is 330Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 34.85MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 2.56KJ / ㎡.

[0073] Comparative Example 3

[0074] Example 1 was repeated, but the upper and lower surfaces of the buoyancy material plate were not covered with fiberglass skin. The post-cured plate was sampled and density tested according to GB / T6343-2009, and the density was 450Kg / m 3 ; The compression strength test was carried out in accordance with GB / T8813-2020, and the compression strength was 31.27MPa; the impact toughness test was carried out in accordance with GB / T1451-2005, and the impact toughness was 2.32KJ / ㎡.

[0075] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0076] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an impact-resistant buoyancy plate, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) Laying glass fiber cloth on the demoulding cloth, evenly coating the glass fiber cloth with glass fiber reinforced plastic resin to impregnate the glass fiber cloth, repeating the operation of laying the glass fiber cloth and coating the glass fiber reinforced plastic resin, and solidifying and demoulding to obtain a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate; cutting the glass fiber reinforced plastic grille bars according to the designed size, and splicing them together to obtain a glass fiber reinforced plastic grille; (2) placing the glass fiber reinforced plastic grating in a mold, adding the raw material of the main body of the buoyancy material, and demolding after curing to obtain the main body of the buoyancy material; (3) The surface of the main body of the buoyancy material is covered with a fiberglass skin by vacuum infusion; the fiberglass skin is made of a composite of fiberglass cloth and fiberglass resin.

2. The method for preparing the impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the fiberglass reinforced plastic grille is 0.5-2 mm, the thickness of the main body of the buoyancy material is 3-8 mm, and the thickness of the fiberglass reinforced plastic skin is 0.4-5 mm.

3. The method for preparing the impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1, the curing temperature is 25 to 30° C. and the curing time is 3 to 5 hours.

4. The method for preparing the impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 2, the curing temperature is 20-25° C. and the curing time is 24-72 hours.

5. The method for preparing the impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that The glass fiber cloth adopts model SW220C-100B.

6. The method for preparing the impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that The main raw materials of the buoyancy material are calculated by weight: 100 parts of vinyl resin, 0.2-0.6 parts of diluent, 1-3 parts of coupling agent, 20-30 parts of glass microbead powder, 0.2-0.6 parts of accelerator, 0.5-1 parts of defoamer, 0.5-1 parts of deaerator, 2-2.5 parts of dispersant, and 0.5-1.5 parts of curing agent.

7. The method for preparing the impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 6, characterized in that The vinyl resin is one or two of E22-901 resin, 3201 resin, 820(A) resin, and 820(m) resin; The diluent is one or two of S06 diluent, UE6H diluent and vinyl toluene; The coupling agent is one or two of KH-560 coupling agent, KH-570 coupling agent, and A-187 silane coupling agent; The glass microbead powder is one or two of K1 glass microbead powder (particle size 22-200 μm), H20 glass microbead powder (particle size 22-200 μm), and H15 glass microbead powder (particle size 22-200 μm); The accelerator is one or two of LDB accelerator, LDA accelerator and E5 accelerator; The defoamer is one or both of tributyl phosphate defoamer and BYK-A530 defoamer; The deaerator is one or both of BYK-A560 deaerator and BYK-A570 deaerator; The dispersant is one or both of 908 dispersant and BYK-W9010 dispersant; The curing agent is one or two of LC curing agent, K90 curing agent and L liquid curing agent.

8. The method for preparing the impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that The glass fiber reinforced plastic resin raw materials are calculated by weight: 100 parts of vinyl resin, 2-4 parts of curing agent, 0.1-4 parts of accelerator, 0.5-1 parts of coupling agent, 8-12 parts of flame retardant, 0-5 parts of diluent and 0.2-0.5 parts of solid filler white carbon black.

9. The method for preparing the impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 8, characterized in that The vinyl resin is one or two of E22-901 resin, 3201 resin, 820(A) resin, and 820(m) resin; The diluent is one or two of styrene diluent, S06 diluent, UE6H diluent and vinyl toluene; The coupling agent is one or two of KH-560 coupling agent, KH-570 coupling agent, and A-187 silane coupling agent; The promoter is one or two of LDB promoter, LDA promoter, E5 promoter and E4 promoter; The curing agent is one or two of LC curing agent, K90 curing agent and L liquid curing agent.

10. The method for preparing the impact-resistant buoyancy sheet material according to claim 8, characterized in that The flame retardant is one or two of FR-685 flame retardant, FR-2025 flame retardant and FR-8705 flame retardant; The solid filler is white carbon black, with a silicon dioxide content of 90-98% and a specific surface area of ​​161-800m 2 / g.

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