Integrated Nucleic Acid Detection Device Compatible with Multiple Sample Types and Nucleic Acid Detection Method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of nucleic acid detection, and discloses an integrated nucleic acid detection device and a nucleic acid detection method compatible with multiple sample types. The nucleic acid detection device includes a plurality of chambers. A saliva sample bin, a plasma sample bin, and a nasopharyngeal swab sample bin are provided at the top of the nucleic acid extraction chamber among them. The test strip detection chamber includes a first test strip chamber and a second test strip chamber, and the second test strip chamber is slidably connected to the first test strip chamber. Through holes penetrating through both end faces are provided in each chamber, and thorn-like structures extending towards their respective top surfaces are provided on the side walls of the through holes. The bottom ends of the through holes are sealed by a sealing film, and the thorn-like structures are used to pierce the corresponding sealing films. The test strip is fixed in the test strip storage groove of the second test strip chamber, and the test strip storage groove communicates with the through hole in the first test strip chamber. A test result output window is provided on the test strip detection chamber for outputting test results. The detection is easy to operate, and the detection process is in a sealed state to avoid environmental pollution and can be compatible with multiple samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nucleic acid detection, and particularly relates to an integrated nucleic acid detection device and a nucleic acid detection method compatible with multiple sample types. Background Art

[0002] Hazards caused by pathogenic microorganisms occur from time to time. Rapid and accurate diagnostic means are the primary conditions for effectively reducing the spread of pathogens. Nucleic acid detection includes steps such as pre-sampling, nucleic acid extraction, nucleic acid amplification, and nucleic acid detection. Environmental pollution is extremely likely to occur during this process. Therefore, professional personnel, professional equipment, and specific locations (such as hospitals, laboratories, etc.) are required, which greatly increases the detection cost and detection time.

[0003] In addition, portable nucleic acid detection devices have shown great potential in the field of point-of-care (POC) diagnosis due to their compact design and convenient operation. However, existing portable nucleic acid detection devices are difficult to effectively accommodate multiple sample types that require different pretreatment steps, such as saliva, nasopharyngeal swab, and plasma samples. These sample types have significant differences in composition, resulting in different pretreatment requirements.

[0004] Saliva samples usually contain high concentrations of enzymes and proteins, which may inhibit subsequent nucleic acid amplification processes; nasopharyngeal swabs require specific lysis steps to release nucleic acids in pathogens; plasma samples need to remove blood cells and other components that may interfere with the detection results. These differentiated pretreatment steps are relatively easy to implement in a traditional laboratory environment, but are particularly difficult in portable nucleic acid detection devices due to their small volume and technical complexity.

[0005] In view of this, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of portable nucleic acid detection device that can effectively accommodate various sample types and integrate necessary sample pretreatment functions in a limited space. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that existing portable nucleic acid detection devices cannot simultaneously accommodate the detection of saliva, nasopharyngeal swab, and plasma samples, and thus provides an integrated nucleic acid detection device and a nucleic acid detection method compatible with multiple sample types.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types, the nucleic acid detection device includes a nucleic acid extraction chamber, a first buffer chamber for accommodating buffer solution, a nucleic acid amplification chamber, a second buffer chamber for accommodating diluent, and a test strip detection chamber that are sequentially thread-sealed and connected; wherein,

[0009] A sample chamber is provided at the top of the nucleic acid extraction chamber. The sample chamber includes a saliva sample chamber, a plasma sample chamber, and a nasopharyngeal swab sample chamber, all of which have sample inlets at the top. The sample inlets of the saliva sample chamber, the plasma sample chamber, and the nasopharyngeal swab sample chamber are respectively detachably sealed by a saliva chamber sealing plug, a plasma chamber sealing plug, and a nasopharyngeal swab chamber sealing plug. The bottoms of the saliva sample chamber and the plasma sample chamber are respectively sealed by a saliva chamber sealing film and a plasma chamber filter membrane;

[0010] The test strip detection chamber includes a first test strip chamber and a second test strip chamber, and the second test strip chamber is slidably connected to the first test strip chamber along the length direction of the nucleic acid detection device;

[0011] Through holes penetrating through both end faces are provided in each of the chambers. On the side wall of the through hole, there are thorn-like structures extending towards their respective top surfaces. The bottom end of the through hole is sealed by a sealing film, and the thorn-like structures are used to pierce the corresponding sealing film;

[0012] The test strip is fixed in the test strip storage groove of the second test strip chamber. The second test strip storage groove communicates with the through hole in the first test strip chamber. A test result output window is provided on the test strip detection chamber for outputting test results.

[0013] Further, the through hole includes a connected internal thread section and a smooth hole section. The diameter of the internal thread section is larger than that of the smooth hole section to form a step surface at the transition between the internal thread section and the smooth hole section. The thorn-like structure protrudes from the step surface.

[0014] Further, a plurality of the thorn-like structures are provided on the step surface.

[0015] Further, the smooth hole section includes a tapered cavity and a flow blocking channel. The top end of the flow blocking channel communicates with the tapered cavity, and the bottom end communicates with the second buffer chamber when the corresponding sealing film is ruptured.

[0016] Further, the smooth hole section of the nucleic acid amplification chamber further includes a storage cavity. The bottom end of the storage cavity is sealed by the sealing film. The top end of the storage cavity communicates with the flow blocking channel, and the bottom end communicates with the second buffer chamber when the corresponding sealing film is ruptured.

[0017] Further, the cross-section of the flow blocking channel is circular, and the diameter is 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

[0018] Further, the nucleic acid extraction chamber, the first buffer chamber, the nucleic acid amplification chamber, and the second buffer chamber are collectively referred to as chambers. On the outer side wall at the bottom end of each chamber, there is an external thread section, and the length of the external thread section is equivalent to the length of the corresponding internal thread section.

[0019] Further, the second test strip chamber includes two sub-bodies that are relatively snapped together. Grooves are respectively formed on the opposite surfaces of the two sub-bodies, and the two grooves are combined to form the test strip storage groove. The opposite surfaces are the surfaces of the sub-bodies facing each other.

[0020] Further, a receiving groove for receiving the bottom end of the first test strip chamber is formed at the top end of the second test strip chamber. The top end of the test strip storage groove communicates with the receiving groove. A slider / sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the receiving groove, and a sliding groove / slider is correspondingly provided on the outer side wall of the first test strip chamber. The slider is slidably matched with the sliding groove.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types provided by the present invention. The nucleic acid extraction chamber, the first buffer chamber, the nucleic acid amplification chamber, the second buffer chamber, and the first test strip chamber are collectively referred to as chambers. Adjacent chambers are connected by a threaded structure. By rotating the chamber to pierce the corresponding sealing film for liquid transfer, processes such as nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and detection can be sequentially completed. The operation is simple, does not require reliance on professional personnel and professional equipment, reduces the detection cost and shortens the detection time. Moreover, a saliva sample chamber, a plasma sample chamber, and a nasopharyngeal swab sample chamber for saliva, plasma, and nasopharyngeal swab samples respectively are provided at the top of the nucleic acid extraction chamber, enabling the nucleic acid detection device to be compatible with multiple sample types, reducing the dependence on specific sample collection techniques, increasing the flexibility of detection, improving the efficiency of large-scale screening and monitoring, and the device is in a completely sealed state during the entire detection process to avoid environmental pollution.

[0023] 2. The integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types provided by the present invention. The light hole section of the nucleic acid amplification chamber includes a tapered cavity and a flow blocking channel. The top end of the flow blocking channel communicates with the tapered cavity, and the bottom end communicates with the second buffer chamber when the corresponding sealing film is ruptured. The setting of the tapered cavity is conducive to the smooth flow of the amplification product into the second buffer chamber. When the nucleic acid detection device is inverted, the flow blocking channel can prevent the liquid from flowing from the second buffer chamber through the nucleic acid amplification chamber into the first buffer chamber, so that the loading end of the test strip can contact the detection liquid.

[0024] 3. An integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types provided by the present invention. The nucleic acid extraction chamber, the first buffer chamber, the nucleic acid amplification chamber, the second buffer chamber, and the first test strip chamber are collectively referred to as chambers. An external thread section is provided on the outer bottom wall of each chamber, and the length of the external thread section is equivalent to the length of the internal thread section in the adjacent chamber below. In this way, even if the size of the spiky structure is small, the sealing film can be punctured without designing the size of the spiky structure to be large, thereby increasing the processing cost and difficulty.

[0025] A nucleic acid detection method based on the aforementioned integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types includes the following steps:

[0026] Add the sample into the corresponding sample bin through the corresponding sample inlet, seal the corresponding sample inlet, and the sample enters the nucleic acid extraction chamber along the sample bin and obtains a lysate after reaction;

[0027] Twist the nucleic acid extraction chamber towards the first buffer chamber to puncture the sealing film at the bottom of the nucleic acid extraction chamber, so that the lysate enters the first buffer chamber and is mixed with the buffer solution;

[0028] Twist the first buffer chamber towards the nucleic acid amplification chamber to puncture the sealing film at the bottom of the first buffer chamber, so that the lysate and the buffer solution enter the nucleic acid amplification chamber and obtain an amplification product after reaction;

[0029] Twist the nucleic acid amplification chamber towards the second buffer chamber to puncture the sealing film at the bottom of the nucleic acid amplification chamber, and swing the nucleic acid detection device to make the amplification product enter the second buffer chamber and obtain a detection solution after dilution;

[0030] Invert the nucleic acid detection device;

[0031] Twist the first test strip chamber towards the second buffer chamber to puncture the sealing film at the bottom of the second buffer chamber;

[0032] Push the second test strip chamber towards the first test strip chamber to make the loading end of the test strip contact the detection solution;

[0033] Let it stand for a preset time, and output the detection result through the detection result output window.

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0035] The nucleic acid detection method of an integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types provided by the present invention can transfer liquids by piercing the corresponding sealing film through a rotating chamber to sequentially complete processes such as nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and detection. The operation is simple, does not require reliance on professional personnel or professional equipment, reduces the detection cost and shortens the detection time, and the device is in a completely sealed state during the entire detection process to avoid environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional perspective view of the nucleic acid detection device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional perspective view of the sample chamber in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the saliva chamber sealing plug in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first buffer chamber in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a front view schematic diagram of the nucleic acid amplification chamber in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a sectional view schematic diagram of the nucleic acid amplification chamber in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first test strip chamber at a first angle in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first test strip chamber at a second angle in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional exploded view schematic diagram of the second test strip chamber in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 It is a flow chart of nucleic acid detection in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] 11. Saliva sample chamber; 110. Saliva chamber sealing film; 111. Saliva chamber sealing plug; 112. Flow guide groove; 12. Plasma sample chamber; 120. Plasma chamber filter membrane; 121. Plasma chamber sealing plug; 13. Nasopharyngeal swab sample chamber; 131. Nasopharyngeal swab chamber sealing plug; 2. Nucleic acid extraction chamber; 3. First buffer chamber; 4. Nucleic acid amplification chamber; 41. Conical cavity; 42. Flow blocking channel; 43. Storage cavity; 5. Second buffer chamber; 6. Test strip detection chamber; 61. First test strip chamber; 6111. Slide groove; 62. Second test strip chamber; 621. Accommodating groove; 6211. Slide block; 622. Test strip storage groove; 623. Detection result output window; 624. Buckling structure; A. Through hole; A1. Internal thread section; A2. Light hole section; A3. Step surface; B. Spiky structure; C. Sealing film; D. External thread section. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0051] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] As Figures 1 to 9As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides an integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types (hereinafter referred to as the nucleic acid detection device). The nucleic acid detection device includes a nucleic acid extraction chamber 2, a first buffer chamber 3 for containing buffer, a nucleic acid amplification chamber 4, a second buffer chamber 5 for containing diluent, and a test strip detection chamber 6, which are sequentially thread-sealed together. A sample bin is provided at the top of the nucleic acid extraction chamber 2. As Figure 2 shown, the sample bin includes a saliva sample bin 11, a plasma sample bin 12, and a nasopharyngeal swab sample bin 13, all of which have sample inlets at the top. The sample inlets of the saliva sample bin 11, the plasma sample bin 12, and the nasopharyngeal swab sample bin 13 are respectively detachably sealed by a saliva bin seal 111, a plasma bin seal 121, and a nasopharyngeal swab bin seal 131. The bottoms of the saliva sample bin 11 and the plasma sample bin 12 are respectively sealed by a saliva bin sealing film 110 and a plasma bin filter membrane 120. The test strip detection chamber 6 includes a first test strip chamber 61 and a second test strip chamber 62. The second test strip chamber 62 is slidably connected to the first test strip chamber 61 along the length direction of the nucleic acid detection device. Through holes A penetrating both end faces are provided in the nucleic acid extraction chamber 2, the first buffer chamber 3, the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4, the second buffer chamber 5, and the first test strip chamber 61. On the side wall of the through hole A, there is a spiky structure B extending towards the respective top surfaces. The bottom end of the through hole A is sealed by a sealing film C. The spiky structure B is used to pierce the corresponding sealing film C. The test strip is fixed in the test strip storage groove 622 of the second test strip chamber 62. The test strip storage groove 622 communicates with the through hole A in the first test strip chamber 61. A test result output window 623 is provided on the test strip detection chamber 6 for outputting test results.

[0054] An integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types provided in this embodiment includes a nucleic acid extraction chamber 2, a first buffer chamber 3, a nucleic acid amplification chamber 4, a second buffer chamber 5, and a test strip detection chamber 6, which are sequentially thread-sealed. By rotating the chamber to pierce the corresponding sealing film for liquid transfer, processes such as nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and detection are sequentially completed without relying on professionals and professional equipment. The operation is convenient and instant detection can be achieved. In addition, since the nucleic acid detection device is provided with a saliva sample bin 11, a plasma sample bin 12, and a nasopharyngeal swab sample bin 13 at the top of the nucleic acid extraction chamber 2, it can effectively be compatible with various sample types and integrate necessary sample pretreatment functions in a limited space. Moreover, the device is in a completely sealed state during the entire detection process, avoiding environmental pollution.

[0055] The number and order of the aforementioned chambers can be increased, decreased, or swapped according to experimental methods and requirements.

[0056] In this embodiment, since the nucleic acid extraction chamber 2, the first buffer chamber 3, the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4, the second buffer chamber 5, and the test strip detection chamber 6 are connected by screw threads and sealed, any chamber can be replaced as needed (for example, when the contents of a certain chamber expire and need to be replaced, or when the experimental method needs to be changed) to avoid discarding the entire acid detection device and causing waste of resources.

[0057] Further, as Figure 4 shown, taking the through hole A in the first buffer chamber 3 as an example, the structure of the through hole A will be introduced. The structures of the through hole A in the nucleic acid extraction chamber 2, the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4, the second buffer chamber 5, and the first test strip chamber 61 are basically the same and will not be elaborated here. The through hole A includes an internally threaded section A1 and a smooth hole section A2 that are interconnected. The diameter of the internally threaded section A1 is larger than that of the smooth hole section A2 to form a stepped surface A3 at the transition between the internally threaded section A1 and the smooth hole section A2. The spiky structure B protrudes from the stepped surface A3. Specifically, the cross-section of the through hole A is circular. A plurality of spiky structures B are equidistantly arranged on each stepped surface A3.

[0058] Further, as Figure 4 shown, the smooth hole section A2 of the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4 includes a tapered cavity 41 and a flow blocking channel 42. The top end of the flow blocking channel 42 communicates with the tapered cavity 41, and the bottom end communicates with the second buffer chamber 5 when the corresponding sealing film C ruptures. Specifically, the cross-section of the flow blocking channel 42 is circular, and the diameter is 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

[0059] Further, the smooth hole section A2 of the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4 further includes a storage cavity 43. The sealing film C seals the bottom end of the storage cavity 43. The top end of the storage cavity 43 communicates with the flow blocking channel 42, and the bottom end communicates with the second buffer chamber 5 when the corresponding sealing film C ruptures.

[0060] Further, the nucleic acid extraction chamber 2, the first buffer chamber 3, the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4, and the second buffer chamber 5 are collectively referred to as chambers. Outer threaded sections D are provided on the outer side walls of the bottoms of the nucleic acid extraction chamber 2, the first buffer chamber 3, the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4, and the second buffer chamber 5. The length of the outer threaded section D is equivalent to the length of the corresponding internally threaded section A1. In this way, even if the length of the spiky structure B is small, the sealing film C can be punctured without designing the size of the spiky structure B to be long, thereby increasing the processing cost and difficulty.

[0061] Further, the second test strip chamber 62 includes two sub-bodies that are relatively buckled together. Grooves are respectively formed on the opposite surfaces of the two sub-bodies. The two grooves are combined to form a test strip storage groove 622, and the opposite surfaces are the surfaces of the sub-bodies facing each other. Buckling structures 624 are correspondingly provided on the opposite surfaces. In this embodiment, Figure 9From this perspective, the fastening structure 624 includes a groove provided on the left sub-body and a corresponding clamping post provided on the right sub-body. The clamping post cooperates with the groove to fix the two sub-bodies together.

[0062] Furthermore, a receiving groove 621 for receiving the bottom end of the first test strip chamber 61 is provided at the top end of the second test strip chamber 62. The top end of the test strip storage groove 622 communicates with the receiving groove 621. A slider 6211 / sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the receiving groove 621, and a corresponding sliding groove 6111 / slider is provided on the outer side wall of the first test strip chamber 61. The slider 6211 is in sliding fit with the sliding groove 6111.

[0063] Furthermore, the nucleic acid detection device is generally cylindrical or cuboid in shape.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] As Figure 10 shown, taking a saliva sample as an example, the following describes a nucleic acid detection method provided by this embodiment for an integrated nucleic acid detection device (as Figures 1 to 9 shown) that is compatible with multiple sample types based on Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0066] Place the nucleic acid detection device upright, with the top facing up and the bottom facing down;

[0067] Remove the saliva chamber seal 111 to expose the sampling port of the saliva sample chamber 11;

[0068] Add saliva into the saliva sample chamber 11 through the sampling port, cover the saliva chamber seal 111, and press it down firmly to pierce the saliva chamber sealing film 110, so that the pretreated saliva sample enters the nucleic acid extraction chamber 2 through the diversion groove 112 (as Figure 3 shown) and obtains a lysis product after a reaction for a preset time;

[0069] Turn the nucleic acid extraction chamber 2 towards the first buffer chamber 3 to pierce the sealing film C at the bottom of the nucleic acid extraction chamber 2, so that the lysis product enters the first buffer chamber 3 and is mixed with the buffer solution;

[0070] Turn the first buffer chamber 3 towards the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4 to pierce the sealing film C at the bottom of the first buffer chamber 3, so that the lysis product and the buffer solution enter the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4 and obtain an amplification product after a reaction for a preset time;

[0071] Turn the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4 towards the second buffer chamber 5 to pierce the sealing film C at the bottom of the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4, and shake the nucleic acid detection device to make the amplification product enter the second buffer chamber 5 and be diluted to obtain a detection solution;

[0072] Invert the nucleic acid detection device;

[0073] Turn the first test strip chamber 61 towards the second buffer chamber 5 to pierce the sealing film C at the bottom of the second buffer chamber 5. The diluted amplification product in the second buffer chamber 5 flows towards the nucleic acid amplification chamber 4. However, due to the blocking effect of the blocking channel 42, the detection liquid will not enter the first buffer chamber 3 through the blocking channel 42, and part of it enters the aforementioned storage chamber 43.

[0074] Push the second test strip chamber 62 towards the first test strip chamber 61, so that the slider 6211 slides along the chute 6111. The sampling end of the test strip moves with the second test strip chamber 62, enters the second buffer chamber 5, and contacts the detection liquid.

[0075] Let it stand for a preset time, and the test result is output by the test result output window 623.

[0076] The detection processes of plasma samples and nasopharyngeal swab samples are the same as that of saliva samples, except that plasma samples need to be added to the plasma sample chamber 12 correspondingly, and nasopharyngeal swab samples need to be added to the nasopharyngeal swab sample chamber 13 correspondingly.

[0077] The nucleic acid detection method of an integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types provided by the present invention can pierce the corresponding sealing film through the rotating chamber for liquid transfer to sequentially complete processes such as nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and detection. The operation is simple, does not require professional personnel and professional equipment, reduces the detection cost and shortens the detection time, and the device is in a completely sealed state during the whole detection process to avoid environmental pollution.

[0078] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clear illustration and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types, characterized in that: The nucleic acid detection device comprises a nucleic acid extraction chamber (2), a first buffer chamber (3) for accommodating a buffer solution, a nucleic acid amplification chamber (4), a second buffer chamber (5) for accommodating a diluent, and a test strip detection chamber (6) which are threadedly and sealedly connected in sequence; wherein: A sample chamber is provided at the top of the nucleic acid extraction chamber (2), and the sample chamber comprises a saliva sample chamber (11), a plasma sample chamber (12), and a nasopharyngeal swab sample chamber (13), each of which has an injection port at the top; the injection ports of the saliva sample chamber (11), the plasma sample chamber (12), and the nasopharyngeal swab sample chamber (13) are respectively detachably sealed by a saliva chamber sealing plug (111), a plasma chamber sealing plug (121), and a nasopharyngeal swab chamber sealing plug (131); and the bottom ends of the saliva sample chamber (11) and the plasma sample chamber (12) are respectively sealed by a saliva chamber sealing membrane (110) and a plasma chamber filtering membrane (120); The test paper detection chamber (6) comprises a first test paper chamber (61) and a second test paper chamber (62), wherein the second test paper chamber (62) is slidably connected to the first test paper chamber (61) along the length direction of the nucleic acid detection device; The nucleic acid extraction chamber (2), the first buffer chamber (3), the nucleic acid amplification chamber (4), the second buffer chamber (5) and the first test paper chamber (61) are all provided with through holes (A) penetrating through their respective two end surfaces, and thorn-like structures (B) extending toward their respective top surfaces are provided on the side walls of the through holes (A), the bottom ends of the through holes (A) are sealed by a sealing film, and the thorn-like structures (B) are used to pierce the corresponding sealing films; the through holes (A) include an internal thread section (A1) and a light hole section (A2) that are connected, the diameter of the internal thread section (A1) is larger than the diameter of the light hole section (A2), so as to form a step surface (A3) at the junction of the internal thread section (A1) and the light hole section (A2), and the thorn-like structure (B) is protruding from the step surface (A3); The light hole section (A2) of the nucleic acid amplification chamber (4) comprises a conical cavity (41) and a flow blocking channel (42); the top end of the flow blocking channel (42) is connected to the conical cavity (41), and the bottom end is connected to the second buffer chamber (5) when the corresponding sealing film is broken; the cross section of the flow blocking channel (42) is circular, and the diameter is 0.5 mm to 1 mm; The test paper is fixed in the test paper storage slot (622) of the second test paper chamber (62); the test paper storage slot (622) is connected to the through hole (A) in the first test paper chamber (61); and the second test paper chamber (62) is provided with a test result output window (623) for outputting the test result.

2. The integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of thorn-like structures (B) are provided on the step surface (A3).

3. The integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical hole section (A2) of the nucleic acid amplification chamber (4) further comprises a storage chamber (43), the sealing film seals the bottom end of the storage chamber (43), the top end of the storage chamber (43) is connected to the flow blocking channel (42), and the bottom end is connected to the second buffer chamber (5) when the corresponding sealing film is broken.

4. The integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nucleic acid extraction chamber (2), the first buffer chamber (3), the nucleic acid amplification chamber (4), and the second buffer chamber (5) are collectively referred to as chambers, and each chamber has an external thread section (D) on its bottom outer wall, and the length of the external thread section (D) is equivalent to the length of the corresponding internal thread section (A1).

5. The integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The second test paper chamber (62) comprises two sub-bodies which are relatively buckled together, and grooves are respectively provided on the opposite surfaces of the two sub-bodies. The two grooves are matched to form the test paper storage slot (622), and the opposite surfaces are the surfaces on the sub-bodies that face each other.

6. The integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The top of the second test paper chamber (62) is provided with a receiving groove (621) for receiving the bottom end of the first test paper chamber (61); the top of the test paper storage groove (622) is connected to the receiving groove (621); a slider (6211) or a slide groove is provided on the side wall of the receiving groove (621); a slide groove (6111) or a slider is correspondingly provided on the outer side wall of the first test paper chamber (61); the slider (6211) is slidably matched with the slide groove (6111).

7. A nucleic acid detection method based on the integrated nucleic acid detection device compatible with multiple sample types according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Adding the sample into the sample chamber through the corresponding injection port, sealing the corresponding injection port, allowing the sample to enter the nucleic acid extraction chamber (2) along the sample chamber, and obtaining a cleavage product after the reaction; Twisting the nucleic acid extraction chamber (2) toward the first buffer chamber (3) to puncture the sealing film at the bottom of the nucleic acid extraction chamber (2) so that the lysate enters the first buffer chamber (3) and mixes with the buffer solution; Twisting the first buffer chamber (3) toward the nucleic acid amplification chamber (4) to puncture the sealing film at the bottom of the first buffer chamber (3) so that the cleavage product and the buffer solution enter the nucleic acid amplification chamber (4) and obtain an amplification product after the reaction; Twisting the nucleic acid amplification chamber (4) toward the second buffer chamber (5), puncturing the sealing film at the bottom of the nucleic acid amplification chamber (4), and shaking the nucleic acid detection device so that the amplification product enters the second buffer chamber (5) and is diluted to obtain a detection solution; Inverting the nucleic acid detection device; twisting the first test paper chamber (61) toward the second buffer chamber (5) to puncture the sealing film at the bottom of the second buffer chamber (5); Pushing the second test paper chamber (62) toward the first test paper chamber (61) so that the sample loading end of the test paper contacts the detection liquid; After being left to stand for a preset time, the detection result is outputted from the detection result output window (623).

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