Staggered overlapped door type arbitrary-depth layered water taking device and design method thereof
By using a staggered stacked gate design and a water-stop connection structure, the problem of complex layered water intake operation of stacked beam gates is solved, realizing efficient and intelligent layered water intake at any depth, and improving water quality control and equipment durability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411421911.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-12
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing layered water intake technology using stacked beam gates is characterized by frequent and complex operations, poor timeliness, and difficulties in underwater operation and corrosion of metal structures, making it difficult to achieve efficient layered water intake at any depth.
The gate adopts a staggered stacked gate design. By setting staggered stacked gates in the gate slot and setting water-stop connection structure in between, combined with winch control, the gate can be operated synchronously or individually, simplifying the operation process and improving water intake efficiency and quality.
It enables efficient and intelligent operation of water intake at any depth, reduces the frequency of operating a single gate, and improves the accuracy of water quality control and the durability of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN119145369A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plane gates, and in particular relates to a staggered overlapping door type arbitrary depth stratified water intake device and a design method thereof. Background Art
[0002] The stratified water intake technology is mainly used to solve the water quality problem of reservoirs, especially in water bodies with different temperatures, turbidity or pollutant levels. The main purpose of stratified water intake is to effectively remove impurities, suspended matter, pollutants, etc. in the water by separating and controlling the water flow at different levels, thereby improving the quality of raw water. Stratified water intake is of great significance for water supply safety and ensuring the quality of drinking water for residents. Through stratified water intake technology, the utilization of water resources can also be optimized, the waste of water resources can be reduced, and the sustainable utilization of water resources can be achieved.
[0003] For reservoirs, there will be temperature and density gradients in the vertical direction of the water body. The water temperature, dissolved oxygen, plankton, turbidity, carbon dioxide, etc. of water bodies at different depths are different. Taking water from different depths will have different impacts on ecology, agriculture, aquaculture, human life and downstream environment. Therefore, reservoirs usually need to set up stratified water intake facilities.
[0004] For reservoir water intake, currently the most commonly used technology is to set up stacked beam gates or multi-layer water intake channels at the water inlet or water intake, among which stacked beam gates are more widely used. At present, stacked beam gates for stratified water intake have too many gate leaves, and the number of single water intake operations is frequent. When the reservoir water level drops, it is often necessary to lift the single-leaf stacked beam gates one by one until the stratified water intake elevation is reached. When the reservoir water level rises, the single-leaf stacked beam gates are closed one by one until the stratified water intake elevation is reached. The operation is cumbersome and time-consuming, and it cannot meet the requirements for water intake at any depth, especially in hydropower projects with multiple water inlets. In recent years, the newly developed stratified water intake technology still has problems such as limited water intake flow, difficulty in underwater operation, high risk of electric leakage in the underwater power equipment, and corrosion of metal structures when they are placed underwater for a long time. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems of frequent and complicated operation of stacked beam gates, poor timeliness, and complex operating environment during stratified water intake. A staggered stacked gate type stratified water intake device of arbitrary depth and a design method thereof are proposed to improve the intelligent operation. Synchronous or single gate operation is achieved through staggered gate arrangement and lateral water-stop connection. The operating technology is mature, the operation method is simple and intelligent, the stratified water intake efficiency and water intake quality are improved, and ecological and environmental protection requirements are met.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a staggered stacking door type arbitrary depth stratified water intake device and its design method. In the first aspect, a staggered stacking door type arbitrary depth stratified water intake device is provided, in which a plurality of gate slots, trash racks, inspection doors, and rapid doors are arranged in sequence from the water flow direction, and the gate slots, trash racks, inspection doors, and rapid doors are arranged on the power generation water inlet, and staggered stacking doors are arranged in the gate slots, and water-stop connection structures are arranged between the staggered stacking doors; the trash racks are used to adjust the water flow and block the debris that hinders the water flow of the water inlet; the rapid door is used as a control gate of the water inlet power generation and diversion pipeline to control the power generation water flow; the inspection door is used to block water during the maintenance period and to inspect the rapid door.
[0007] Preferably, the staggered folding doors are arranged in sequence along the gate groove elevation from the water flow direction, and adjacent staggered folding doors are connected to the water-stop connection structure end to end in sequence.
[0008] Preferably, the front and rear rows of staggered folding doors are connected by a water-stop connection structure, and the water-stop connection structure is sequentially arranged with a variable damping limit spring, a hinge, a cross beam, and a water seal from upstream to downstream. The lower end of the front row of staggered folding doors is connected to the upper end of the adjacent staggered folding doors through a variable damping limit spring and a hinge, and the rear row of staggered folding doors is in contact with the water seal, and the water seal is fixed on the cross beam.
[0009] Preferably, every two of the staggered folding doors are arranged side by side in front of the trash rack and can slide up and down simultaneously or individually, the gates can be overlapped, and the overlapping height is designed according to the requirements of the metal structure.
[0010] Preferably, when the reservoir water level changes and stratified water extraction is required, the hoisting equipment is started to lower the first row of offset folding doors to the required height or the remaining offset folding doors are simultaneously lowered to the required height for water extraction.
[0011] Specifically, when it is necessary to take water in layers, the hoisting equipment is started to lower the first row of offset folding doors to the required height, or the remaining offset folding doors and the rear row of trash racks, inspection doors and fast doors are synchronously lowered to the required height to take water.
[0012] Preferably, the offset folding door is lifted by a winch.
[0013] As a preferred option, the number of doors of the staggered folding gates in the direction perpendicular to the water flow needs to be designed taking into account factors such as the flexibility of gate operation, the overall force coordination of the water inlet, and uneven foundation settlement. The width of the gate in the direction perpendicular to the water flow is determined according to the width of the trash rack based on the existing reservoir water drawdown depth, and the bottom of the gate slot is lower than the elevation of the water inlet bottom plate.
[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the gate groove is lower than the elevation of the water inlet bottom plate, wherein the elevation of the gate groove bottom plate is calculated according to the following formula: H 4 =H2 -hH; in, It indicates the overlapping height of the front and rear gates (offset gates); h indicates the height difference between the top elevation of the offset gate and the dead water level when the offset gate falls to the bottom plate of the gate slot; Q indicates the power generation flow rate of a single water inlet; B indicates the width of the water inlet; V indicates the flow rate through the gate, which is controlled as ≤1m / s; H 2 Indicates dead water level; H 3 Indicates the elevation of the water inlet bottom plate; H 4 It indicates the elevation of the bottom plate of the gate slot; H indicates the height of the gate; n indicates the number of staggered overlapping doors.
[0015] The working principle of a staggered folding door type arbitrary depth stratified water intake device is: the stratified water intake demand of the water inlet is realized by the staggered folding door, and the staggered folding door is controlled by a conventional winch. When the staggered folding door needs to be raised and lowered for stratified water intake, method one: start the front row staggered folding door winch, set the stroke, and keep the other staggered folding doors stationary, and lower the staggered folding door to the stratified water intake elevation and stop; method two: synchronously start the winch, set the synchronous stroke, and start the staggered folding door synchronously, and the staggered folding door is synchronously raised and lowered to the stratified water intake elevation. The variable damping limit spring is connected to the front row staggered folding door and contacts the hinge. The hinge, crossbeam, and water seal fix the bottom of the front row staggered folding door, and the lintel of the rear row staggered folding door rests on the water seal. The existence of the water-stop structure ensures that there will be no large amount of water leakage between the staggered folding doors horizontally, and the staggered folding doors can still ensure a good water sealing effect when they are not raised and lowered synchronously.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This scheme arranges gate slots, trash racks, inspection doors and fast doors at intervals in the direction of water flow, arranges a power generation water inlet at the lower end of the above-mentioned gate, arranges staggered stacking doors in the gate slots, and arranges water-stop connection structures between the staggered stacking doors, so as to achieve the purpose of stratified water intake at any depth. At the same time, as the water level of the reservoir rises and falls, there is no need to lift or close the single-leaf stacked beam doors one by one until the stratified water intake elevation is reached. The operation is convenient and time-saving, and the requirements of taking water at any depth can be met.
[0017] 2. This scheme specifies the positional relationship between the gates by stipulating the gate water intake operation sequence, and realizes the linkage of the gates. In addition, since the offset folding gates are arranged in sequence along the gate slot elevation from the water flow direction, and the adjacent offset folding gates are connected to the water-stop connection structure end to end and can slide up and down simultaneously or individually, the gates can be overlapped, and the overlap height is designed according to the requirements of the metal structure. At the same time, a flexible connection is ensured between the water-stop connection structure and the gate to avoid structural damage caused by a rigid connection. The water seal used can ensure the closure between the gates to avoid uneven water intake.
[0018] 3. This scheme arranges the offset gate in front of the trash rack by setting a water-stop connection structure, thereby increasing the flow area of the trash rack and making the flow of water smoother. At the same time, it adopts conventional winch operation, which is simple, convenient and mature in technology.
[0019] 4. This solution uses a winch to lift the offset overlapping gates, clarifies the design depth of the gate slot, realizes intelligent monitoring, sensing, operation and feedback, and improves the guarantee rate of high-quality water sources.
[0020] 5. The design of the gate groove bottom elevation is the focus of this device. Considering the engineering experience, the difference between the bottom elevation and the elevation of the water inlet bottom plate should not be too large, so as to avoid causing unfavorable conditions that damage the project, such as the overall water inlet structure being uncoordinated and uneven foundation settlement. According to this formula, the gate groove bottom elevation can be clearly calculated, and the specific layout of the device can be clearly known, so that the entire device meets the requirements of the engineering design specifications, reduces the engineering risks and costs, and solves the current problems of frequent and complex operation of the stacked beam gate during stratified water intake, poor timeliness, and complex operating environment. Compared with the prior art, the layout of this device has not appeared before. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings. The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same parts.
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the water-stop connection structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic top view of the water-stop connection structure of the present invention.
[0023] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. Power generation water inlet; 2. Offset overlapping door; 3. Trash rack; 4. Inspection door; 5. Fast door; 6. Door slot; 7. Water-stop connection structure; 71. Variable damping limit spring; 72. Crossbeam; 73. Hinge; 74. Water seal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific implementation method described herein is only an optimal embodiment of the present invention, which is only used to explain the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0025] Example 1: Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, in the first aspect, a staggered folding door type arbitrary depth stratified water intake device is proposed, including a power generation water inlet 1 arranged along the water flow direction, and the power generation water inlet 1 is sequentially arranged along the water flow direction with 9 staggered folding doors 2, a trash rack 3, a maintenance door 4, and a fast door 5. The 9 staggered folding doors 2 are arranged side by side in front of the trash rack 3, which is different from the previous stratified water intake gate arranged behind the trash rack 3, which increases the flow area where the trash rack 3 really works, reduces the flow rate of the trash rack 3, and at the same time, the trash rack 3 can also play a role in adjusting the water flow.
[0026] This embodiment arranges gate slots, trash racks, inspection doors, and rapid doors in sequence from the direction of water flow, arranges a power generation water inlet at the lower end of the above-mentioned gate, arranges staggered overlapping doors in the gate slots, and arranges water-stop connection structures between the staggered overlapping doors, so as to achieve the purpose of stratified water intake at any depth.
[0027] Specifically, the staggered folding doors 2 are arranged in sequence along the elevation of the door groove 6 from the direction of water flow, and adjacent staggered folding doors 2 are connected to the water-stopping connection structure 7 end to end in sequence.
[0028] Specifically, the lower end of the front row of offset folding doors 2 is connected to the upper end of the adjacent offset folding door 2 via a variable damping limit spring 71 and a hinge 73 , and the rear row of offset folding doors 2 is in contact with the water-stop connection structure 7 via a water seal 74 .
[0029] This embodiment arranges the offset gate in front of the trash rack by setting a water-stop connection structure, thereby increasing the flow area of the trash rack and making the flow of water smoother. At the same time, it adopts a conventional winch for operation, which is simple, convenient and mature in technology.
[0030] Specifically, each of the staggered folding doors is arranged side by side in front of the trash rack 3 .
[0031] Specifically, when the staggered folding door 2 is needed to take water in layers, method one: start the winch of the front row of staggered folding doors 2, set the stroke, keep the other staggered folding doors 2 stationary, and lower the staggered folding door 2 to the stratified water intake elevation and stop; method two: start the winch synchronously, set the synchronous stroke, open the staggered folding door 2 and start synchronously, and the staggered folding door 2 is synchronously lifted to the stratified water intake elevation. The variable damping limit spring 71 is connected to the front row of staggered folding doors 2 and contacts the hinge 72. The hinge 72, the crossbeam 73, and the water seal 74 fix the bottom of the front row of staggered folding doors 2, and the lintels of the rear row of staggered folding doors 2 lean on the water seal. The existence of the water-stopping structure ensures that there will be no large amount of water leakage between the staggered folding doors 2 horizontally, and the staggered folding doors 2 can still ensure a good water sealing effect when they are not lifted synchronously.
[0032] This embodiment specifies the positional relationship between the gates by specifying the gate water intake operation sequence, thereby realizing the linkage of the gates. In addition, since the staggered folding gates are arranged in sequence along the gate slot elevation from the water flow direction, and the adjacent staggered folding gates are connected end to end with the water-stop connection structure and can slide up and down simultaneously or individually, the gates can be overlapped, and the overlap height is designed according to the requirements of the metal structure. At the same time, a flexible connection is ensured between the water-stop connection structure and the gate to avoid structural damage caused by a rigid connection. The water seal used can ensure the closure between the gates to avoid uneven water intake.
[0033] This embodiment uses a winch to lift the offset overlapping gates, clarifies the design depth of the gate slot, realizes intelligent monitoring, sensing, operation and feedback, and improves the guarantee rate of high-quality water sources.
[0034] Secondly, a design method for an arbitrary-depth stratified water intake device with offset folding gates is provided, wherein the number of fans of the offset folding gates in the direction perpendicular to the water flow needs to be designed taking into account factors such as the flexibility of gate operation, the overall force coordination of the water inlet, and uneven foundation settlement. According to the existing reservoir water drawdown depth, generally 2 to 4 sets of folding gates are set from the reservoir water surface to the elevation of the water inlet bottom plate. The gate width in the direction perpendicular to the water flow is determined according to the width of the trash rack, and the bottom of the gate groove is lower than the elevation of the water inlet bottom plate.
[0035] Preferably, the bottom of the gate groove is lower than the elevation of the water inlet bottom plate, wherein the elevation of the gate groove bottom plate is calculated according to the following formula: H 4 =H 2 -hH; in, It indicates the overlapping height of the front and rear gates (offset gates); h indicates the height difference between the top elevation of the offset gate and the dead water level when the offset gate falls to the bottom plate of the gate slot; Q indicates the power generation flow rate of a single water inlet; B indicates the width of the water inlet; V indicates the flow rate through the gate, which is controlled as ≤1m / s; H 2 Indicates dead water level; H 3 Indicates the elevation of the water inlet bottom plate; H 4It indicates the elevation of the bottom plate of the gate slot; H indicates the height of the gate; n indicates the number of staggered overlapping doors.
[0036] The other structural designs of the water inlet are determined according to the "Water Inlet Design Code" (NB / T 10858), including the bottom plate elevation, water inlet submergence depth, flow velocity over the screen, etc. Since they are common knowledge in the field, they will not be described in detail here.
[0037] This embodiment improves the intelligent operation. By arranging the gates in a staggered manner and using a lateral water-stop connection, synchronous or single gate operation is achieved. The operation technology is mature, the operation method is simple and intelligent, and the efficiency and quality of stratified water extraction are improved, meeting ecological and environmental protection requirements.
[0038] Example 2: Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, taking a water conservancy project as an example, a staggered folding door type arbitrary depth stratified water intake device and its design method, including a power generation water inlet 1 arranged in the direction of water flow, and the power generation water inlet 1 is sequentially arranged with 9 staggered folding doors 2, a trash rack 3, a maintenance door 4, and a fast door 5 in the direction of water flow. The 9 staggered folding doors 2 are arranged side by side in front of the trash rack 3, which is different from the previous stratified water intake gate arranged after the trash rack 3, increasing the flow area where the trash rack 3 really works, reducing the flow rate of the trash rack 3, and the trash rack 3 can also play a role in adjusting the water flow. Specifically, when it is necessary to lift the staggered folding door for stratified water intake, method one: start the front row of staggered folding door winches, set the stroke, keep the other staggered folding doors stationary, and lower the staggered folding door to the stratified water intake elevation to stop; method two: synchronously start the winch, set the synchronous stroke, open the staggered folding door and start synchronously, and the staggered folding door is synchronously lifted to the stratified water intake elevation. The variable damping limit spring is connected to the front row of staggered folding doors and contacts the hinge. The hinge, beam and water seal fix the bottom of the front row of staggered folding doors. The lintel of the rear row of staggered folding doors rests on the water seal. The existence of the water-stop structure ensures that there will not be a large amount of water leakage between the staggered folding doors horizontally, and the water-sealing effect can still be well guaranteed when the staggered folding doors are raised and lowered asynchronously.
[0039] Specifically, 3 rows of 6 staggered overlapping doors 2 are taken from the top elevation of the layered water intake and H 1 =3026m to the water inlet bottom plate elevation H 3 =2900m, the elevation decreases gradually along the water flow direction, and is staggered, so it can slide up and down simultaneously or individually.
[0040] The 9 staggered folding doors 2 in the 3 rows are connected to each other through a water-stop connection structure 7, which includes a variable damping limit spring 71, a crossbeam 72, a hinge 73, and a water seal 74. The water-stop connection structure 7 is connected to the 2 staggered folding doors 2 in the front row through the variable damping limit spring 71 and the hinge 73, and the 2 staggered folding doors 2 in the rear row are in contact with the water-stop connection structure 7 through the water seal 74.
[0041] Specifically, 3 rows of 9 staggered folding doors 2 are arranged in the door slot 6 before the trash rack 3 and lifted by a winch. The bottom of the door slot 6 is lower than the elevation of the water inlet bottom plate. The elevation of the stratified water intake top of this power station is H 1 =3026m, dead water level H 2 =3014m, water inlet bottom plate elevation H 3 =2990m, divided into 3 rows of 9 staggered gates, calculate the height of each gate: H= (H 1 -H 3 ) / 3+ (2m)=14m, round up the result, gate height H=14m, known single inlet reference flow Q=299.5m 3 / s, water inlet width B = 27m, when the offset folding door 2 falls to the bottom plate of the door groove 6, the corresponding top elevation of the offset folding door 2 and the dead water level H 2 The height difference between 11.09, round up the result, take h=12m, the height of the bottom plate of the door slot 6 is H 4 =H 2 -hH=3014-12-14=2988m.
[0042] Specifically, monitoring instruments are installed on the three rows of nine staggered overlapping gates 2 to monitor and observe water temperature and water quality, evaluate the stratified water intake effect of the gates in real time, and achieve precise control of the stratified water intake target.
[0043] Specifically, the three rows of nine staggered overlapping doors 2 are all automatically controlled and automatically raised and lowered according to the real-time observed water temperature and water quality conditions.
[0044] The above specific embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the present specific embodiments. All equivalent changes made in accordance with the shape, structure, and method of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A staggered overlapping door type arbitrary depth layered water intake device, characterized in that: A plurality of gate slots (6), trash racks (3), inspection doors (4), and rapid doors (5) are arranged in sequence from the direction of water flow. The gate slots (6), trash racks (3), inspection doors (4), and rapid doors (5) are all arranged on the power generation water inlet (1). Displaced overlapping doors (2) are arranged in the gate slots (6), and water-stop connection structures (7) are arranged between the displaced overlapping doors (2). The trash racks (3) are used to adjust the water flow and block debris that hinders the water flow at the water inlet. The rapid door (5) is used as a control gate of the water inlet power generation and diversion pipeline and is used to control the power generation water flow. The inspection door (4) is used to block water during the maintenance period and to inspect the rapid door (5).
2. The staggered overlapping door type arbitrary depth layered water intake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The staggered folding doors (2) are arranged in sequence along the height of the door slot (6) from the direction of water flow, and adjacent staggered folding doors (2) are connected to the water-stop connection structure (7) end to end in sequence.
3. The staggered overlapping door type arbitrary depth layered water intake device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the front row of offset folding doors (2) is connected to the upper end of the adjacent offset folding doors (2) via a variable damping limit spring (71) and a hinge (73); the rear row of offset folding doors (2) is in contact with a water seal (74); the hinge (73) and the water seal (74) are connected via a crossbeam (72); and the water seal (74) is fixedly arranged on the crossbeam (72).
4. The staggered overlapping door type arbitrary depth layered water intake device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Every two of the staggered folding doors (2) are arranged side by side in front of the trash rack (3) and can slide up and down simultaneously or individually. The gates can be overlapped, and the overlapping height is designed according to the requirements of the metal structure.
5. The staggered overlapping door type arbitrary depth layered water intake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the reservoir water level changes and water needs to be taken in layers, the hoisting device is started to lower the first row of offset folding doors (2) to the required height or the remaining offset folding doors (2) are synchronously lowered to the required height for water taking.
6. The staggered overlapping door type arbitrary depth layered water intake device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The offset folding door (2) is lifted by a winch.
7. A design method for a staggered folding door type arbitrary depth stratified water intake device, applicable to a staggered folding door type arbitrary depth stratified water intake device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of leaves of the offset overlapping gate (2) needs to be designed by comprehensively considering the flexibility of gate operation, the overall force coordination of the water inlet, the uneven settlement of the foundation, the size of the trash rack, the conventional size of the existing gate and the manufacturing level factors. According to the existing reservoir water drawdown depth, the gate width perpendicular to the water flow direction of the water inlet plane is determined according to the width of the trash rack (3). The width of each gate is the width of two trash racks. It is designed according to the existing maximum reservoir drawdown depth, and the bottom of the gate slot (6) is lower than the elevation of the water inlet bottom plate.
8. The design method of a staggered overlapping door type arbitrary depth layered water intake device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elevation of the bottom plate of the door slot (6) is calculated according to the following formula: H4=H2-hH; in, It represents the overlapping height of the front and rear two offset folding doors; h represents the height difference between the corresponding offset folding door top elevation and the dead water level when the offset folding door falls to the bottom plate of the gate groove; Q represents the power generation reference flow of a single water inlet; B represents the width of the water inlet; V represents the flow rate through the gate, which is controlled as ≤1m / s; H2 represents the dead water level; H3 represents the elevation of the bottom plate of the water inlet; H4 represents the elevation of the bottom plate of the gate groove; H represents the gate height; n represents the number of offset folding doors.