Construction method of breakwater caisson suitable for high and low foundation beds

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of breakwater construction, in particular to a construction method of a breakwater caisson suitable for high and low foundation beds, which comprises the following steps: S1, excavating a foundation trench at an underwater preset position; s2, stones are thrown into the foundation trench to form a first foundation bed and a second foundation bed in sequence, the elevation of the first foundation bed is lower than that of the second foundation bed, and a step is formed between the first foundation bed and the second foundation bed; s3, tamping the first foundation bed, installing a first caisson on the first foundation bed, and enabling the first caisson to abut against the step; and S4, the second foundation bed is tamped, and a second caisson is installed on the second foundation bed. According to the construction method, the first foundation bed and the second foundation bed are formed through riprap, the seabed foundation can be lifted, the slope at the seabed fall position can be filled up to form steps, then the first caisson and the second caisson are installed on the first foundation bed and the second foundation bed correspondingly to conduct caisson foundation construction, and the riprap elevation of the high foundation bed and the riprap elevation of the low foundation bed can be controlled; the problem that elevation is difficult to control due to the fact that the caisson is supported by cushion blocks can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of breakwater construction, and in particular to a construction method of a breakwater caisson suitable for high and low base beds. Background Art

[0002] In the existing breakwater construction process, if a caisson is used as the foundation, when the caisson is installed, it is usually installed in sequence from the root of the breakwater to the head of the breakwater. However, the seabed geological conditions are complex, the seabed foundation is uneven, there is a height difference, and there is a slope at the difference. If the traditional construction method from the root of the breakwater to the head of the breakwater is followed, it is necessary to set pads on the slope to support the caisson, which requires manual assistance, is time-consuming and labor-intensive, the elevation is difficult to control, the construction period is long, and it is difficult to complete the construction during the typhoon window period. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the technical problems in the prior art that the installation of a breakwater caisson from the root to the head of the embankment requires artificial support blocks, resulting in low construction efficiency and difficulty in controlling the elevation, and to provide a construction method for a breakwater caisson suitable for high and low base beds.

[0004] The present invention provides a construction method for a breakwater caisson with a high and low base bed, comprising: S1: excavating a base trench at a preset underwater position; S2: throwing stones into the base trench to successively form a first base bed and a second base bed, wherein the elevation of the first base bed is lower than the elevation of the second base bed, and a step is formed between the first base bed and the second base bed; S3: compacting the first base bed, installing a first caisson on the first base bed and making the first caisson abut against the step; S4: compacting the second base bed, and installing a second caisson on the second base bed.

[0005] The present application adopts the method of forming a high and low base bed by riprap on the seabed as the basis for installing the caisson. First, riprap in the foundation trench to form a first base bed (i.e., a low base bed) and a second base bed (i.e., a high base bed) in sequence, then compact the first base bed and install the first caisson at the step between the high and low base beds on the first base bed, after the first caisson at the step is installed, compact the second base bed, and then install the second caisson on the second base bed until all the caissons are installed; the seabed foundation can be raised by riprap to form the first base bed and the second base bed, the slope at the seabed drop can be filled to form a step, and then the first caisson and the second caisson are respectively installed on the first base bed and the second base bed to carry out the construction of the caisson foundation, the riprap elevation of the high and low base beds can be controlled, avoiding the problem of difficult control of the elevation caused by using pads to support the caisson, and installing the first caisson at the step first and then compacting the second base bed can avoid the stones on the second base bed from being laterally offset to the first base bed under pressure, thereby affecting the elevation of the first base bed, that is, the first caisson at the step can limit the second base bed.

[0006] Preferably, forming the first base bed includes: A1: throwing stones into the foundation trench to form a bottom layer of the first base bed; A2: compacting the bottom layer of the first base bed; A3: throwing stones on top of the bottom layer of the first base bed to form a surface layer of the first base bed; A4: compacting the surface layer of the first base bed.

[0007] The low base bed can be divided into two layers, upper and lower, and stone throwing and compaction operations can be carried out successively, which can improve the compactness of the base bed. After the caisson is installed on the base bed, the displacement deviation caused by the settlement of the caisson can be reduced.

[0008] Preferably, the particle size of the stone forming the bottom layer of the first base bed is larger than the particle size of the stone forming the surface layer of the first base bed.

[0009] For the upper and lower layers of the base bed, large-size stones can be selected as riprap materials for the base structure, for example, 10-500kg blocks can be selected as riprap materials for the base structure, and relatively small-size stones can be selected as riprap materials for the surface structure, for example, 10-100kg blocks can be selected as riprap materials for the surface structure. The method of setting large stones in the bottom layer and small stones in the surface layer can ensure that the base bed has sufficient compactness while reaching a sufficient elevation, thereby achieving sufficient support performance to support the caisson above and avoiding settlement of the caisson to the greatest extent.

[0010] Preferably, forming the second base bed includes: B1: throwing stones into the foundation trench to form the bottom layer of the second base bed; B2: compacting the bottom layer of the second base bed; B3: throwing stones on top of the bottom layer of the second base bed to form the surface layer of the second base bed; B4: compacting the surface layer of the second base bed.

[0011] Similarly, the high base bed can also be divided into two layers, with stone throwing and compaction operations carried out successively, which can improve the compactness of the base bed. After the caisson is installed on the base bed, the displacement deviation caused by the settlement of the caisson can be reduced.

[0012] Preferably, the particle size of the stone forming the bottom layer of the second base bed is larger than the particle size of the stone forming the surface layer of the second base bed.

[0013] Similarly, for the upper and lower layers of the high base bed, large-size stones can be selected as riprap materials for the bottom layer structure. For example, 10-500kg blocks can be selected as riprap materials for the bottom layer structure, and relatively small-size stones can be selected as riprap materials for the surface layer structure. For example, 10-100kg blocks can be selected as riprap materials for the surface layer structure. The method of setting large stones in the bottom layer and small stones in the surface layer can ensure that the base bed has sufficient compactness while reaching a sufficient elevation, thereby achieving sufficient support performance to support the caisson above and avoiding the settlement of the caisson to the greatest extent.

[0014] Preferably, the difference between the elevation of the second base bed and the elevation of the first base bed is equal to the difference between the height of the first caisson and the height of the second caisson.

[0015] When setting the height difference between the high and low base beds and the prefabricated caissons, the difference in the elevations of the high and low base beds can be kept consistent with the difference in the heights of the two caissons. After the caissons are installed, the top elevations of the two caissons can be kept consistent. In other words, the top of each caisson is located on the same horizontal plane, which is conducive to the subsequent construction of the breast wall above the caisson.

[0016] Preferably, installation gaps are reserved between adjacent first caissons, adjacent second caissons, and between the first caisson and the second caisson; the construction method further includes measuring the width of the installation gaps.

[0017] During construction, installation gaps must be reserved between adjacent caissons to prevent the reserved installation gap from being too small after the installation of two adjacent high and low foundation caissons is completed, resulting in the failure to install the high foundation caisson. During the construction process, the distance between the two high and low foundation caissons is measured and the settlement displacement is observed every day to determine whether the installation length of the high foundation caisson is met. If not, the low foundation caisson that has shifted needs to be adjusted in time.

[0018] Preferably, the top elevation of the first base bed is greater than or equal to the bottom elevation of the second base bed.

[0019] The top elevation of the first base bed formed after riprap is higher than the bottom elevation of the second base bed, so that the elevation difference between the first base bed and the second base bed can be controlled within a smaller range, thereby reducing the impact of the second base bed on the installed first caisson during the compaction process.

[0020] Preferably, the first caissons are installed sequentially from the steps along the length direction of the first base bed.

[0021] The first caisson is installed sequentially from the step so as to control the width of the installation gap between the caissons.

[0022] Preferably, the first base bed is respectively located at two ends of the second base bed, and the second caisson is installed from the two ends of the second base bed toward the middle of the second base bed along the length direction of the second base bed.

[0023] If the low base bed is located at both ends of the high base bed, the second caisson can be installed from both ends to the middle, which can realize simultaneous construction from both ends, improve construction efficiency, and facilitate control of the width of the installation seam between the caissons. The length of the installation space of the last caisson can then be controlled to ensure that the last caisson has enough space for installation.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention provides a construction method for a breakwater caisson with a high and low base bed, wherein the high and low base beds are formed by riprap on the seabed as the basis for installing the caisson, firstly, riprap in a foundation trench to sequentially form a first base bed (i.e., a low base bed) and a second base bed (i.e., a high base bed), then the first base bed is compacted and the first caisson is installed at the step between the high and low base beds on the first base bed, after the first caisson at the step is installed, the second base bed is compacted, and then the second caisson is installed on the second base bed until all the caissons are installed; the seabed foundation can be raised by riprap to form the first base bed and the second base bed, and ... The slope at the seabed drop is filled up to form steps, and then the first caisson and the second caisson are installed on the first base bed and the second base bed respectively to carry out the construction of the caisson foundation. The riprap elevations of the high and low base beds can be controlled to avoid the problem of difficult-to-control elevations caused by using pads to support the caissons. Installing the first caisson at the step first and then compacting the second base bed can prevent the stones on the second base bed from being laterally offset under pressure to the first base bed, thereby affecting the elevation of the first base bed. In other words, the first caisson at the step can limit the second base bed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high and low base beds.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the low base bed.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the high base bed.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first caisson at the steps of the high and low base bed.

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the completed installation of the caisson on the high and low base.

[0031] Markings in the figure:

[0032] 1. First base bed, 11. Bottom layer, 12. Surface layer, 2. Second base bed, 21. Bottom layer, 22. Surface layer, 3. First caisson, 4. Second caisson, 5. Installation joint, 6. Foundation trench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but may be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but may be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are set in directions such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention.

[0036] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., which appear in the terms, are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.

[0037] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "plurality" and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.

[0038] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and can be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, and other commonly used connection means in the field. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

[0039] Example

[0040] This embodiment provides a construction method for a breakwater caisson suitable for high and low base beds.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of high and low base beds; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the low base bed; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the high base bed; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first caisson at the step of the high and low base bed; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the completed installation of the caisson on the high and low base.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown in , the steps of the construction method of the breakwater caisson applicable to the high and low base beds described in this embodiment are as follows:

[0043] S1: First, a foundation trench 6 is excavated on the seabed. The foundation trench 6 can be excavated along the length direction of the breakwater. There is a transition slope between the two sides of the foundation trench 6 and the seabed, and its cross-sectional structure can be in the shape of an inverted trapezoid.

[0044] S2: The foundation surface in the foundation trench 6 after excavation can be divided into a low foundation surface and a high foundation surface according to different elevations. Stones can be thrown into the foundation trench 6 by a riprap ship. Specifically, stones can be thrown on the low foundation surface to form a first base bed 1, and stones can be thrown on the high foundation surface to form a second base bed 2, so that the elevation of the first base bed 1 is lower than the elevation of the second base bed 2. In other words, the first base bed 1 can be used as a low base bed, and the second base bed 2 can be used as a high base bed, and a step is formed at the junction between the first base bed 1 and the second base bed 2.

[0045] S3: The first base bed 1 can be compacted by using a rammer or other tool to make the first base bed 1 reach a preset elevation, and the first caisson 3 can be installed on the first base bed 1. The first caisson 3 can be first installed at the junction of the first base bed 1 and the second base bed 2 so that the first caisson 3 abuts against the step.

[0046] S4: After the first caisson 3 is installed, the second base bed 2 can be compacted using a rammer or other tool to make the second base bed 2 reach a preset elevation, and the second caisson 4 is installed on the second base bed 2 until all caissons are installed.

[0047] Specifically, for example, there are a total of 35 first caissons 3 and second caissons 4 to be installed, which are numbered 1#, 2#, 3#, 34#, and 35# from the root of the breakwater toward the head of the breakwater. Among them, 1# to 6#, 30# to 35# caissons are first caissons 3, i.e., low-base caissons, 7# to 29# caissons are second caissons 4, i.e., high-base caissons, 1# to 6#, 30# to 35# caissons are all installed on the first base bed 1, and 7# to 29# caissons are all installed on the second base bed 2. After the first base bed 1 is compacted and formed, 6# and 30# caissons can be installed at the junction of the second base bed 2 and the two first base beds 1 at both ends first, and then the second base bed 2 can be compacted and formed, and then 7# to 29# can be installed on the second base bed 2, and finally 1# to 5# caissons and 31# to 35# caissons can be installed.

[0048] Here, after the first base bed 1 is compacted and formed, the 6# and 30# caissons are installed first, which can support the step at the junction between the second base bed 2 and the first base bed 1, and then the second base bed 2 is compacted, which can prevent the stones on the second base bed 2 from being laterally offset under pressure and coming to the first base bed 1, thereby affecting the elevation of the first base bed 1. In other words, the 6# and 30# caissons can limit the second base bed 2. Of course, after all the 1#~6# and 30#~35# caissons are installed, the second base bed 2 can be compacted and the 7#~29# caissons can be installed.

[0049] In this embodiment, the method for compacting and forming the first base bed 1 and the second base bed 2 includes the following specific steps:

[0050] Steps for forming the first base bed 1:

[0051] A1: Throwing stones at the formation position of the first foundation bed 1 in the foundation trench 6 as the bottom layer 11 of the first foundation bed 1;

[0052] A2: compacting the bottom layer 11 of the first base bed 1 using a rammer or other tool;

[0053] A3: Riprap is performed on the bottom layer 11 of the first base bed 1 to form the surface layer 12 of the first base bed 1;

[0054] A4: Use a rammer or other tool to compact the surface layer 12 of the first base bed 1.

[0055] Steps for forming the second base bed 2:

[0056] B1: Throwing stones toward the formation position of the second base bed 2 in the base trench 6 as the bottom layer 21 of the second base bed 2;

[0057] B2: compacting the bottom layer 21 of the second base bed 2 using a rammer or other tool;

[0058] B3: Riprap is performed on the bottom layer 11 of the second base bed 2 to form a surface layer 22 of the second base bed 2;

[0059] B4: compact the surface layer 22 of the second base bed 2 using a rammer or other tool.

[0060] Here, the low base bed can be divided into two layers, and stone throwing and compaction operations can be carried out successively, which can improve the compactness of the base bed. After the caisson is installed on the base bed, the displacement deviation caused by the settlement of the caisson can be reduced.

[0061] For the upper and lower layers of the base bed, large-sized stones can be selected as riprap materials for the structures of the bottom layer 11 and the bottom layer 21. For example, 10-500 kg of stones can be selected as riprap materials for the structures of the bottom layer 11 and the bottom layer 21. Relatively small-sized stones can be selected as riprap materials for the structures of the surface layer 12 and the surface layer 22. For example, 10-100 kg of stones can be selected as riprap materials for the structures of the surface layer 12 and the surface layer 22. The method of setting large stones in the bottom layer 11 and the bottom layer 21 and small stones in the surface layer 12 and the surface layer 22 can ensure that the base bed has sufficient compactness while reaching a sufficient elevation, thereby achieving sufficient support performance to support the caisson above and avoiding the settlement of the caisson to the greatest extent.

[0062] In this embodiment, the difference between the elevation of the second base bed 2 and the elevation of the first base bed 1 is equal to the difference between the height of the first caisson 3 and the height of the second caisson 4. When setting the height difference of the high and low base beds and the prefabricated caissons, the difference between the elevations of the high and low base beds can be kept consistent with the difference in height of the two caissons. After the caissons are installed, the top elevations of the two caissons can be kept consistent, that is, the top of each caisson is located on the same horizontal plane, which is conducive to the subsequent construction of the breast wall above the caisson.

[0063] For example, the elevation of the first base bed 1 is -18m, and the elevation of the second base bed 2 is -14m, and the elevation difference between the two is 4m. The height of 1#~6#, 30#~35# caissons can be 10m, and the height of 7#~29# caissons can be 6m, and the height difference between the two is 4m. When all caissons are installed on the base bed, the tops of all caissons can be aligned on the same horizontal plane. Of course, the specific elevation data of the base bed and the height data of the caisson can also be arbitrarily selected, as long as the top elevation of the caisson is consistent after installation, and the present invention does not make specific limitations on this.

[0064] In this embodiment, an installation gap 5 is reserved between any two adjacent caissons; the steps of the construction method may also include measuring the width of the installation gap 5. During construction, an installation gap 5 needs to be reserved between adjacent caissons to prevent the reserved installation gap 5 from being too small after the installation of two adjacent high and low base caissons is completed, resulting in the high base caisson not being able to be installed. During the construction process, the distance between the two high and low foundation caissons is measured and the settlement displacement is observed every day to determine whether the installation length of the high base caisson is met. If not, the low base caisson that has shifted needs to be adjusted in time.

[0065] Optionally, the top elevation of the first base bed 1 is greater than or equal to the bottom elevation of the second base bed 2. The top elevation of the first base bed 1 formed after riprap is higher than the bottom elevation of the second base bed 2, which can control the elevation difference between the first base bed 1 and the second base bed 2 within a smaller range, and can reduce the impact of the second base bed 2 on the installed first caisson 3 during the compaction process. If the difference in elevation between the first base bed 1 and the second base bed 2 is too large, the second base bed 2 may generate a large lateral force on the first caisson 3 during the compaction process of the second base bed 2, causing the first caisson 3 to deviate.

[0066] In this embodiment, the first caissons 3 are sequentially installed from the steps along the length direction of the first base bed 1. The first caissons 3 are sequentially installed from the steps so as to control the width of the installation gaps 5 between the caissons.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first base bed 1 is respectively located at two ends of the second base bed 2 , and the second caisson 4 is installed from the two ends of the second base bed 2 along the length direction of the second base bed 2 toward the middle of the second base bed 2 .

[0068] If the low base bed is located at both ends of the high base bed, the second caisson 4 can be installed from both ends to the middle, so that construction can be carried out from both ends at the same time, which can improve construction efficiency and facilitate control of the width of the installation seam 5 between the caissons. The length of the installation space of the last caisson can then be controlled to ensure that the last caisson has enough space for installation.

[0069] In summary, the present invention forms a high and low base bed as the basis for installing the caisson by riprap on the seabed, firstly, riprap in the foundation trench to form a first base bed (i.e., a low base bed) and a second base bed (i.e., a high base bed) in sequence, then compact the first base bed and install the first caisson at the step between the high and low base beds on the first base bed, after the first caisson at the step is installed, compact the second base bed, and then install the second caisson on the second base bed until all the caissons are installed; the seabed foundation can be raised by riprap to form the first base bed and the second base bed, the slope at the seabed drop can be filled to form a step, and then the first caisson and the second caisson are respectively installed on the first base bed and the second base bed to carry out the construction of the caisson foundation, the riprap elevation of the high and low base beds can be controlled, avoiding the problem of difficult control of the elevation caused by using pads to support the caisson, and installing the first caisson at the step first and then compacting the second base bed can avoid the stones on the second base bed from being laterally offset to the first base bed under pressure, thereby affecting the elevation of the first base bed, that is, the first caisson at the step can limit the second base bed.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a breakwater caisson suitable for high and low base beds, characterized in that: include: S1: excavating a foundation trench (6) at a preset underwater position; S2: throwing stones into the foundation trench (6) to successively form a first foundation bed (1) and a second foundation bed (2), wherein the elevation of the first foundation bed (1) is lower than the elevation of the second foundation bed (2), and a step is formed between the first foundation bed (1) and the second foundation bed (2); S3: compacting the first base bed (1), installing a first caisson (3) on the first base bed (1) and making the first caisson (3) abut against the step; S4: compacting the second base bed (2), and installing a second caisson (4) on the second base bed (2).

2. The construction method of breakwater caisson applicable to high and low base beds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Forming the first base bed (1) comprises: A1: throwing stones into the foundation trench (6) to form the bottom layer (11) of the first foundation bed (1); A2: compacting the bottom layer (11) of the first base bed (1); A3: Throwing stones on the bottom layer (11) of the first base bed (1) to form a surface layer (12) of the first base bed (1); A4: compacting the surface layer (12) of the first base bed (1).

3. The construction method of breakwater caisson applicable to high and low base beds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stone particle size of the bottom layer (11) forming the first base bed (1) is greater than the stone particle size of the surface layer (12) forming the first base bed (1).

4. The construction method of breakwater caisson applicable to high and low base beds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Forming the second base bed (2) comprises: B1: throwing stones into the foundation trench (6) to form the bottom layer (21) of the second foundation bed (2); B2: compacting the bottom layer (21) of the second base bed (2); B3: Throwing stones on the bottom layer (21) of the second base bed (2) to form the surface layer (22) of the second base bed (2); B4: compacting the surface layer (22) of the second base bed (2).

5. The construction method of breakwater caisson applicable to high and low base beds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stone particle size of the bottom layer (21) forming the second base bed (2) is greater than the stone particle size of the surface layer (22) forming the second base bed (2).

6. The construction method of breakwater caisson applicable to high and low base beds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The difference between the elevation of the second base bed (2) and the elevation of the first base bed (1) is equal to the difference between the height of the first caisson (3) and the height of the second caisson (4).

7. The construction method of breakwater caisson applicable to high and low base beds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Installation seams (5) are reserved between adjacent first caissons (3), adjacent second caissons (4), and between the first caisson (3) and the second caisson (4); the construction method further comprises measuring the width of the installation seams (5).

8. The construction method of breakwater caisson applicable to high and low base beds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top elevation of the first base bed (1) is greater than or equal to the bottom elevation of the second base bed (2).

9. The construction method of breakwater caisson applicable to high and low base beds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first caisson (3) is installed sequentially from the step along the length direction of the first base bed (1).

10. The construction method of breakwater caisson applicable to high and low base beds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first base bed (1) is respectively located at two ends of the second base bed (2), and the second caisson (4) is installed from the two ends of the second base bed (2) along the length direction of the second base bed (2) toward the middle of the second base bed (2).

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