Ecological clean small watershed assessment method, device and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of watershed ecological protection and restoration, and discloses and particularly relates to an ecological clean small watershed evaluation method, device and equipment, and the method comprises the steps: constructing an ecological clean small watershed evaluation index system which comprises each evaluation index and a weight corresponding to each evaluation index; obtaining an evaluation value of each evaluation index according to the acquisition parameters of the target drainage basin; according to the evaluation value of each evaluation index and the weight corresponding to each evaluation index, calculating an ecological cleaning index; and determining an evaluation grade of the target drainage basin based on the ecological cleaning index. According to the technical scheme provided by one or more embodiments, the problem that an existing evaluation method cannot comprehensively reflect the construction effect of the ecological clean small watershed can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of watershed ecological protection and restoration, and in particular to an evaluation method, device and equipment for an ecologically clean small watershed. Background Art

[0002] Small watersheds are the basic units for runoff collection. The construction of ecologically clean small watersheds is to take small watersheds as units, scientifically and rationally allocate measures such as soil and water loss control, watershed water system regulation, non-point source pollution prevention and control, and human settlement environment regulation, so as to achieve the coordinated development of ecological production and life, effective protection and rational use of water and soil resources, a benign cycle of the ecosystem, and improved disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities. At present, there is a lack of scientific and accurate evaluation methods for ecologically clean small watersheds, which makes it impossible to accurately measure the construction results of ecologically clean small watersheds and provide support for improving the quality and efficiency of ecologically clean small watersheds.

[0003] Regarding the environmental benefit assessment of small watershed construction, the common practice at home and abroad is generally to refer to the analytical ideas of small watershed comprehensive management benefit assessment, that is, to determine the evaluation index system according to the purpose and principles of the evaluation, and to determine the index weights according to the importance or effect size. On this basis, appropriate data processing methods are selected to calculate the economic, ecological and social benefit index values ​​of watershed management.

[0004] In the related technologies, the ecological clean small watershed assessment method has the following main shortcomings:

[0005] (1) The evaluation of ecologically clean small watersheds remains at the stage of simple comparison of watershed productivity before and after treatment, lacking in-depth and scientific quantitative analysis of data;

[0006] (2) There is no unified and widely recognized construction effectiveness evaluation indicator system;

[0007] (3) The connotation and quantity of each evaluation indicator vary from person to person, and the indicator calculation model and its parameter setting are not comparable.

[0008] In view of this, there is a need for an evaluation method that can objectively and accurately reflect the effectiveness of ecologically clean small watershed construction. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of this, the present invention provides an evaluation method, device and equipment for an ecologically clean small watershed to solve the problem that the existing evaluation methods cannot fully reflect the effectiveness of the construction of an ecologically clean small watershed.

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an evaluation method for an ecologically clean small watershed, the method comprising: constructing an ecologically clean small watershed evaluation index system, the evaluation index system including various evaluation indicators and weights corresponding to each evaluation indicator; obtaining evaluation values ​​of various evaluation indicators according to acquisition parameters of the target watershed; calculating an ecological clean index according to the evaluation values ​​of various evaluation indicators and weights corresponding to each evaluation indicator; and determining an evaluation level of the target watershed based on the ecological clean index.

[0011] In an optional implementation, constructing an ecologically clean small watershed evaluation index system includes: evaluation indicators include soil and water conservation, habitat characteristics, biological characteristics, water quality categories, sewage treatment, and garbage disposal.

[0012] In some optional implementations, according to the evaluation values ​​of the various evaluation indicators and the weights corresponding to the various evaluation indicators, calculating the ecological cleanliness index includes:

[0013] The Eco-Cleanness Index is calculated using the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, ECI—Ecological Cleanliness Index; C i —The first indicator is assigned points; Q i —weight of the first indicator; n—number of indicators.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0017] Soil and water conservation rate (R s ) = (1-small watershed soil erosion area / small watershed area) * 100%.

[0018] Hydrogeomorphology (R l ) = (Level I length + Level II length) / length of the main channel of the small watershed * 100%.

[0019] Shannon-Wiener diversity index

[0020] Where, s is the number of benthic animals; P i —The proportion of the i-th benthic animal to the total number.

[0021] Domestic sewage treatment rate (R s ) = Number of natural villages that have completed domestic sewage treatment in the small watershed / Total number of natural villages in the small watershed*100%.

[0022] Domestic waste disposal rate (R w ) = amount of harmlessly treated domestic waste in the small watershed / total amount of domestic waste generated in the small watershed*100%.

[0023] In the second aspect, the present invention provides an evaluation device for an ecologically clean small watershed, the device comprising: a system construction module, used to construct an ecologically clean small watershed evaluation index system, the evaluation index system including various evaluation indicators and the weights corresponding to each evaluation indicator; a value acquisition module, used to obtain the evaluation values ​​of each evaluation indicator according to the collection parameters of the target watershed; an index calculation module, used to calculate the ecological cleanliness index according to the evaluation values ​​of each evaluation indicator and the weights corresponding to each evaluation indicator; a level determination module, used to determine the evaluation level of the target watershed based on the ecological cleanliness index.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the method for evaluating an ecologically clean small watershed according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof by executing the computer instructions.

[0025] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, the computer instructions being used to enable a computer to execute the method for evaluating an ecologically clean small watershed according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0026] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, comprising computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for evaluating an ecologically clean small watershed according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0027] The technical solution provided by one or more embodiments of the present invention constructs an ecological clean small watershed evaluation index system, obtains each index value by combining remote sensing interpretation and field investigation, and uses the constructed model to calculate the final ecological clean index, thereby realizing a quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of small watershed construction. The present invention accurately grasps the ideas and key points of ecological clean small watershed governance, focuses on terrestrial and aquatic ecological elements, constructs an ecological clean small watershed star evaluation index system, and supports the construction of ecological clean small watersheds in the new era through technical means such as big data analysis, fusion and superposition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1is a flow chart of an evaluation method for an ecologically clean small watershed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of an evaluation device for an ecologically clean small watershed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention provides an assessment method for an ecologically clean small watershed, which achieves the effect of accurately assessing the ecological cleanliness of a small watershed, identifying ecological problems, and guiding ecological restoration and protection work through the comprehensive application of remote sensing technology, field investigation, big data analysis, and the construction of an ecological indicator system.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of an evaluation method for an ecologically clean small watershed is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0035] In this embodiment, a method for evaluating an ecologically clean small watershed is provided. Figure 1 is a flow chart of an evaluation method for an ecologically clean small watershed according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0036] Step S101, constructing an ecological clean small watershed evaluation index system, wherein the evaluation index system includes various evaluation indicators and their corresponding weights.

[0037] Specifically, the Ecological Clean Small Watershed Assessment Index System is a comprehensive assessment framework used to measure the ecological cleanliness of small watersheds. The assessment index system includes multiple different assessment indicators, each of which is assigned a weight that reflects the importance of the indicator in the overall assessment. The weight allocation is based on the ideas and priorities of ecological clean small watershed governance, focusing on terrestrial and aquatic ecological elements to ensure the scientificity and rationality of the assessment system.

[0038] Step S102, obtaining evaluation values ​​of various evaluation indicators according to the acquisition parameters of the target watershed.

[0039] Specifically, data related to each evaluation indicator is collected and measured according to the specific conditions of the target watershed. A combination of field investigation and remote sensing interpretation is used, and the values ​​obtained need to accurately reflect the current ecological status of the target watershed. Among them, field investigation refers to direct field investigation in the small watershed, direct observation and measurement, and collection of data related to biological characteristics, water quality types, sewage treatment, and garbage disposal. Remote sensing interpretation uses sensors carried by satellites or aircraft to remotely obtain images and data of small watersheds. This method can cover a large area and has a high timeliness. It can be used to evaluate macro indicators such as soil and water conservation rate and habitat characteristics.

[0040] Step S103, calculating the ecological cleanliness index according to the evaluation values ​​of each evaluation indicator and the weights corresponding to each evaluation indicator.

[0041] Specifically, the value of each evaluation indicator is combined with its corresponding weight to calculate a comprehensive ecological cleanliness index. The calculation method usually adopts a weighted summation method, that is, the value of each indicator is multiplied by its weight, and then all the results are added. This index provides a quantitative evaluation result to compare the ecological cleanliness of different small watersheds. Among them, the evaluation value of the evaluation indicator adopts a point system, and each indicator will be assigned a score according to its evaluation result, and this score is usually within a predetermined range. The point system is a quantitative evaluation method that converts qualitative evaluation into quantitative scores for comparison and comprehensive analysis.

[0042] Step S104: Determine the assessment level of the target watershed based on the ecological cleanliness index.

[0043] Specifically, the evaluation grade of the target watershed is determined based on the calculated ecological cleanliness index. This grade can be predefined, such as three stars to one star, or qualified or unqualified. The division of the evaluation grade is based on the threshold of the ecological cleanliness index, which is determined when the evaluation system is constructed.

[0044] The evaluation method for ecologically clean small watersheds provided in this embodiment together constitutes a systematic and scientific evaluation method, which aims to provide a basis for the protection and improvement of ecologically clean small watersheds.

[0045] In some optional implementations, the step S101 of constructing an ecological clean small watershed evaluation index system includes:

[0046] Evaluation indicators include soil and water conservation, habitat characteristics, biological characteristics, water quality categories, sewage treatment, and garbage disposal.

[0047] Specifically, soil and water conservation evaluates the control of soil and water loss in a small watershed, which may include indicators such as vegetation coverage, soil erosion degree, and the effectiveness of soil and water conservation projects. Habitat characteristics examine the diversity and quality of biological habitats in a small watershed, such as the proportion of natural coastlines, water connectivity, and the degree of habitat fragmentation. Biological characteristics evaluate biodiversity in a small watershed, including species richness, the presence of endemic or endangered species, and the structure of biological communities. Water quality categories evaluate the degree of pollution and water quality of water bodies in small watersheds based on water quality monitoring data, and may be classified with reference to relevant water quality standards. Sewage treatment evaluates the treatment efficiency and effectiveness of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater in a small watershed, including the coverage rate of sewage treatment facilities and the rate of treatment compliance. Garbage disposal examines the treatment and disposal methods of domestic garbage and industrial solid waste in a small watershed, and evaluates the level of garbage reduction, resource utilization, and harmlessness.

[0048] In some optional implementations, the above step S103 calculates the ecological cleanliness index according to the evaluation values ​​of each evaluation indicator and the weights corresponding to each evaluation indicator, including:

[0049] The Eco-Cleanness Index is calculated using the following formula:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, ECI—Ecological Cleanliness Index; C i —The first indicator is assigned points; Q i —weight of the first indicator; n—number of indicators.

[0052] Specifically, the evaluation index weights and scoring criteria are shown in Table 1:

[0053] Table 1 Weights and scoring standards for evaluation indicators of ecologically clean small watersheds

[0054]

[0055] Furthermore, according to the technical results of the Ecological Cleanliness Index (ECI), if ECI is greater than or equal to 90, the small watershed is rated as three-star; if ECI is greater than or equal to 85 and less than 90, the small watershed is rated as two-star; if ECI is greater than or equal to 80 and less than 85, the small watershed is rated as one-star; if ECI is less than 80, the small watershed is rated as substandard.

[0056] In some optional embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0057] The soil and water conservation rate is obtained based on the dynamic monitoring results of soil and water loss in small watersheds, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0058] Soil and water conservation rate (R s) = (1-small watershed soil erosion area / small watershed area) * 100%.

[0059] The habitat characteristics are sampled by combining remote sensing interpretation and field verification, and are obtained based on the length of the hydrological and geomorphological grade of the main channel in the small watershed. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0060] Hydrogeomorphology (R l ) = (Level I length + Level II length) / length of the main channel of the small watershed * 100%.

[0061] Specifically, the hydrological and geomorphological conditions are shown in Table 2:

[0062] Table 2 Hydrogeomorphological classification

[0063]

[0064] Biological characteristics are obtained by identifying the types and numbers of benthic animals in the main channel of the small watershed through on-site investigation. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0065] Shannon-Wiener diversity index

[0066] Where, s is the number of benthic animals; P i —The proportion of the i-th benthic animal to the total number.

[0067] Sewage treatment The domestic sewage treatment situation in the small watershed was obtained by consulting official statistics and on-site investigation. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0068] Domestic sewage treatment rate (R s ) = Number of natural villages that have completed domestic sewage treatment in the small watershed / Total number of natural villages in the small watershed*100%.

[0069] Garbage disposal is obtained by consulting official statistics and on-site investigation to obtain the harmless treatment of domestic garbage in the small watershed. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0070] Domestic waste disposal rate (R w ) = amount of harmlessly treated domestic waste in the small watershed / total amount of domestic waste generated in the small watershed*100%.

[0071] The water quality index is obtained by collecting water samples from the outlet of the small watershed on site. The water quality category of the small watershed is determined according to the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB 3838-2002) based on the water quality test indicators of a professionally qualified laboratory, excluding total nitrogen.

[0072] The method provided in this embodiment identifies and diagnoses problems in ecologically clean small watersheds based on the evaluation results of ecologically clean small watersheds, determines the key ecologically clean small watersheds to be protected and managed, and proposes an overall idea for protection and management.

[0073] In the present embodiment, an evaluation device for an ecologically clean small watershed is also provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred embodiments, and the descriptions that have been made will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can implement a combination of software and / or hardware of a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and conceived.

[0074] This embodiment provides an evaluation device for an ecologically clean small watershed, such as Figure 2 As shown, including:

[0075] The system construction module 201 is used to construct an ecological clean small watershed evaluation index system, wherein the evaluation index system includes various evaluation indicators and their corresponding weights;

[0076] The value acquisition module 202 is used to obtain the evaluation value of each evaluation index according to the acquisition parameters of the target watershed;

[0077] The index calculation module 203 is used to calculate the ecological cleanliness index according to the evaluation values ​​of each evaluation index and the weights corresponding to each evaluation index;

[0078] The grade determination module 204 is used to determine the assessment grade of the target watershed based on the ecological cleanliness index.

[0079] In some optional implementations, the system construction module 201 includes:

[0080] Evaluation indicators include soil and water conservation, habitat characteristics, biological characteristics, water quality categories, sewage treatment, and garbage disposal.

[0081] In some optional implementations, the index calculation module 203 includes:

[0082] The index calculation unit is used to calculate the ecological cleanliness index using the following formula:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, ECI—Ecological Cleanliness Index; C i —The first indicator is assigned points; Q i —weight of the first indicator; n—number of indicators.

[0085] In some optional implementations, the index calculation unit further includes:

[0086] Soil and water conservation unit, used to calculate soil and water conservation rate:

[0087] Soil and water conservation rate (R s) = (1-small watershed soil erosion area / small watershed area) * 100%.

[0088] Hydrological conservation unit, used to calculate hydrological geomorphology:

[0089] Hydrogeomorphology (R l ) = (Level I length + Level II length) / length of the main channel of the small watershed * 100%.

[0090] Biometric units used to calculate diversity indices:

[0091] Shannon-Wiener diversity index

[0092] Where, s is the number of benthic animals; P i —The proportion of the i-th benthic animal to the total number.

[0093] Sewage treatment unit, used to calculate domestic sewage treatment rate:

[0094] Domestic sewage treatment rate (R s ) = Number of natural villages that have completed domestic sewage treatment in the small watershed / Total number of natural villages in the small watershed*100%.

[0095] Waste disposal unit, used to calculate domestic waste disposal rate:

[0096] Domestic waste disposal rate (R w ) = amount of harmlessly treated domestic waste in the small watershed / total amount of domestic waste generated in the small watershed*100%.

[0097] The further functional description of each of the above modules and units is the same as that of the above corresponding embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0098] The ecological clean small watershed evaluation device in this embodiment is presented in the form of a functional unit, where the unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that executes one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0099] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer device having the above Figure 2 The evaluation device of the ecologically clean small watershed is shown.

[0100] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided by an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3As shown, the computer device includes: one or more processors 10, a memory 20, and interfaces for connecting various components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. Various components are connected to each other using different buses for communication, and can be installed on a common mainboard or installed in other ways as needed. The processor can process the instructions executed in the computer device, including instructions stored in or on the memory to display the graphical information of the GUI on an external input / output device (such as, a display device coupled to the interface). In some optional embodiments, if necessary, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used together with multiple memories and multiple memories. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, and each device provides some necessary operations (for example, as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multi-processor system). Figure 3 A processor 10 is taken as an example.

[0101] The processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor or a combination thereof. The processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be a dedicated integrated circuit, a programmable logic device or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device, a field programmable gate array, a general purpose array logic or any combination thereof.

[0102] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10, so that at least one processor 10 executes the method shown in the above embodiment.

[0103] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the computer device, etc. In addition, the memory 20 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some optional embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0104] The memory 20 may include a volatile memory, such as a random access memory; the memory may also include a non-volatile memory, such as a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0105] The computer device also includes an input device 30 and an output device 40. The processor 10, the memory 20, the input device 30 and the output device 40 may be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 3 The example of connecting through bus is taken in the following.

[0106] The input device 30 can receive input digital or character information, and generate key signal input related to the user settings and function control of the computer device, such as a touch screen, a keypad, a mouse, a track pad, a touch pad, an indicator bar, one or more mouse buttons, a trackball, a joystick, etc. The output device 40 may include a display device, an auxiliary lighting device (e.g., an LED) and a tactile feedback device (e.g., a vibration motor), etc. The above-mentioned display device includes but is not limited to a liquid crystal display, a light emitting diode, a display and a plasma display. In some optional embodiments, the display device can be a touch screen.

[0107] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or can be implemented as a computer code that can be recorded in a storage medium, or can be implemented as a computer code that is originally stored in a remote storage medium or a non-temporary machine-readable storage medium and will be stored in a local storage medium through a network download, so that the method described herein can be stored in such software processing on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. Among them, the storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, a random access memory, a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid-state hard disk, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include a combination of the above types of memories. It can be understood that a computer, a processor, a microprocessor controller, or programmable hardware includes a storage component that can store or receive software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by a computer, a processor, or hardware, the method shown in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0108] A part of the present invention may be applied as a computer program product, such as a computer program instruction, which, when executed by a computer, can call or provide the method and / or technical solution according to the present invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art should understand that the existence of the computer program instruction in a computer-readable medium includes, but is not limited to, a source file, an executable file, an installation package file, etc., and accordingly, the way in which the computer program instruction is executed by the computer includes, but is not limited to: the computer directly executes the instruction, or the computer compiles the instruction and then executes the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reads and executes the instruction, or the computer reads and installs the instruction and then executes the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium may be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to the computer.

[0109] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An evaluation method for ecologically clean small watersheds, characterized in that: The method comprises: Constructing an ecological clean small watershed evaluation index system, wherein the evaluation index system includes various evaluation indicators and their corresponding weights; According to the acquisition parameters of the target watershed, obtaining the evaluation values ​​of the various evaluation indicators; Calculate the ecological cleanliness index according to the evaluation values ​​of the evaluation indicators and the weights corresponding to the evaluation indicators; Based on the ecological cleanliness index, an assessment grade of the target watershed is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The construction of ecological clean small watershed assessment index system includes: The evaluation indicators include soil and water conservation, habitat characteristics, biological characteristics, water quality categories, sewage treatment, and garbage disposal.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculating of the ecological cleanliness index according to the evaluation values ​​of the evaluation indicators and the weights corresponding to the evaluation indicators includes: The Eco-Clean Index is calculated using the following formula: Among them, ECI—Ecological Cleanliness Index; C i —The first indicator is assigned points; Q i —weight of the first indicator; n—number of indicators.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The soil and water conservation calculation formula is as follows: Soil and water conservation rate (R s ) = (1-small watershed soil erosion area / small watershed area) * 100%.

5. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The habitat characteristics include: Hydrogeomorphology (R l ) = (Level I length + Level II length) / length of the main channel of the small watershed * 100%.

6. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The biometric features include: Shannon-Wiener diversity index Where, s is the number of benthic animals; P i —The proportion of the i-th benthic animal to the total number.

7. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The sewage treatment includes: Domestic sewage treatment rate (R s ) = Number of natural villages that have completed domestic sewage treatment in the small watershed / Total number of natural villages in the small watershed*100%.

8. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The waste disposal includes: Domestic waste disposal rate (R w ) = amount of harmlessly treated domestic waste in the small watershed / total amount of domestic waste generated in the small watershed*100%.

9. A real-time monitoring device for rotational stall of a pump turbine under turbine operating conditions, characterized in that: The device comprises: A system construction module is used to construct an ecological clean small watershed evaluation index system, wherein the evaluation index system includes various evaluation indicators and their corresponding weights; A value acquisition module, used to obtain the evaluation values ​​of each evaluation index according to the acquisition parameters of the target watershed; An index calculation module, used to calculate the ecological cleanliness index according to the evaluation values ​​of the evaluation indicators and the weights corresponding to the evaluation indicators; A grade determination module is used to determine the assessment grade of the target watershed based on the ecological cleanliness index.

10. A computer device, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 by executing the computer instructions.

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