Missile-borne conformal array telemetering antenna

Abstract

A missile-borne conformal array telemetering antenna disclosed by the present invention comprises an antenna part and a cylinder part, the antenna part comprises a microstrip radiation patch, a feed network, a dielectric substrate and a metal ground, and the microstrip radiation patch and the feed network are located on the same layer surface of the dielectric substrate. The microstrip radiation patch and the feed network are arranged on the upper surface layer of the dielectric substrate in an etching mode, and the microstrip radiation patch, the feed network, the dielectric substrate and the metal ground are sequentially assembled and connected from top to bottom. According to the missile-borne conformal array telemetering antenna, the microstrip radiation patches and the feed network are arranged on the same layer, the feed mode is simplified, after the four microstrip radiation patches are arranged at certain intervals to form an array and are conformal, the maximum radiation direction of each microstrip radiation patch can surround the missile axis by a circle, and the omnidirectional radiation performance is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of conformal antennas, and in particular to a missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna. Background Art

[0002] The so-called conformal antenna refers to a type of antenna whose aperture surface is completely conformal to the shape of a given carrier platform. The carrier platform can be an airplane, a ship, a missile, or some other high-speed flying objects. The conventional practice is to install the antenna array on the surface of an object of a certain shape, rather than a planar antenna array. Therefore, the existence of the conformal surface has an important influence on the impedance and radiation characteristics of the antenna. The conformal surfaces of traditional conformal antennas are all cylindrical, and the research on cylindrical conformal antenna technology has basically matured. For more complex conical surfaces, as the antenna size is further reduced, the change in the antenna pattern is very drastic and very unstable.

[0003] The so-called missile-borne antenna is installed on the missile and is a device for the missile system to exchange information with other systems. There are many types of missile antennas, which are generally divided into telemetry antennas, seeker antennas, fuze antennas and controller antennas according to their functions. The missile-borne antenna studied in this patent is mainly used for the missile telemetry system.

[0004] In modern high-speed information warfare, higher technical indicators are put forward for precision guidance technology and weapon performance. Due to its precise positioning and strike capability, it often achieves unexpected results in contemporary wars. Precision-guided equipment can not only accurately hit the target, but also has the performance of automatic identification and resistance to interference from other signals. In today's communication system, the information transmission rate of the antenna largely determines the quality of the entire communication system. In applications such as radar detection in modern warfare, the common requirements for missile-borne antennas are to achieve normal operation of the antenna in a limited installation space and not affect the flight performance of the missile. The antenna needs to have a low profile, good mechanical strength, and resistance to high and low temperatures, and cannot change the aerodynamic shape and affect the flight performance of the missile. This puts higher requirements on the size, weight, gain, and anti-interference of the antenna conforming to its surface. Especially for antennas on the surface of streamlined missiles, how to make the antenna perform normally without affecting the flight of the missile is the focus and difficulty of current antenna research.

[0005] High-precision guidance equipment has put forward higher bandwidth requirements for antennas. At the same time, in order to meet the stealth and reliability requirements of missiles, ultra-wideband antennas have come into being. Its excellent performance, ultra-wide bandwidth and stable and simple structure have made it a popular choice for missile-borne antennas. Ultra-wideband conformal antennas, due to their low-profile structure and ultra-wide bandwidth, can not only provide stable performance, but also save limited space on the surface of the missile body. The flight performance and aerodynamic shape of the missile are not affected by the antenna structure and shape.

[0006] In order to study the performance of various newly developed missiles and to understand whether the equipment to be tested on the missiles meets the predetermined design indicators, a radio telemetry system is needed to measure the specified parameters. The on-board telemetry system can send the measured parameters back to the ground telemetry station in a timely manner to understand the working status of various equipment on the missile. This type of signal is sent by the transmitting antenna on the missile, that is, the on-board telemetry antenna. Generally speaking, the missile no longer needs an on-board telemetry system after it is finalized.

[0007] During each test phase of the missile, special requirements are put forward for the directional pattern of the telemetry antenna on the missile according to factors such as the flight trajectory, the range of changes in the single body attitude, and the location of the ground telemetry station. It can be divided into two categories: non-directional and backward wide beam directivity. If the missile's flight attitude is rolling or rotating, the directional pattern of the telemetry antenna on the missile should be non-directional. Usually, in the vertical plane parallel to the missile body, the directional pattern of the antenna should be close to a circle or ellipse, and the plane parallel to the flying missile body is required to be a wide beam mainly facing backward. In another case, if the missile's flight attitude is not rolling, but moving along a certain track, the directional pattern of the antenna should be as wide as possible, and its direction should be preferably in the direction of the rear and lower direction of the missile body. If the missile is separated at each stage during flight, the required antennas are installed on each stage to ensure that the antenna directional pattern is still within the allowable range.

[0008] In the missile telemetry system, in order to prevent the ground receiving antenna from being affected by the attitude of the flying missile and thus failing to receive signals, it is usually hoped that the transmitting antenna installed on the missile is a weakly directional antenna, that is, the directional pattern of the azimuth plane (the plane perpendicular to the missile body) is a circle, and the directional pattern of the elevation plane (the plane parallel to the missile body) is an "8" shape. However, conventional antennas cannot conform to the surface of the missile body, and how to meet this requirement has become a difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna, which places the microstrip radiation patch and the feeding network on the same layer, simplifies the feeding method, and arranges four microstrip radiation patches in an array at a certain interval. After conformality, the maximum radiation direction of each microstrip radiation patch will surround the missile axis for a circle, achieving omnidirectional radiation performance.

[0010] The present invention provides a missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna, comprising an antenna part and a cylindrical part. The antenna part comprises a microstrip radiation patch, a feeding network, a dielectric substrate and a metal ground. The microstrip radiation patch and the feeding network are located on the same surface layer of the dielectric substrate. The microstrip radiation patch and the feeding network are arranged on the upper surface layer of the dielectric substrate by etching. The microstrip radiation patch, the feeding network, the dielectric substrate and the metal ground are assembled and connected in sequence from top to bottom.

[0011] Preferably, the microstrip radiation patch is formed by cascading a feeding network, and the length and width of the microstrip radiation patch are equal to L.

[0012] Preferably, the number of microstrip radiation patches is four, the four microstrip radiation patches have the same size and are arranged in an array with the same spacing. After conformal formation, the radiation direction of each microstrip radiation patch will revolve around the elastic axis, and the four microstrip radiation patches are arranged in sequence on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0013] Preferably, a square feeding notch is provided on one side of the microstrip radiation patch, the depth of the square feeding notch is L1, and the distance between the square feeding notch and the microstrip antenna feeding line is W1.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding network includes a T-type feeding network and a microstrip antenna feeding line, the feeding inlet of the T-type feeding network is connected to the RF coaxial connector, the inner conductor of the RF coaxial connector is welded to the microstrip antenna feeding line, and the outer conductor of the RF coaxial connector is connected to the metal ground.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the feeding network is connected to the feeding ports of the four radiation patches, and the other end of the feeding network is connected to the radio frequency coaxial connector.

[0016] Preferably, the dielectric substrate is a high-frequency flexible copper-clad plate material with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss of 0.0009, and the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate is a metal ground.

[0017] Preferably, the length of the dielectric substrate is Ls, the width of the dielectric substrate is Ws, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is h.

[0018] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna, places the microstrip radiation patch and the feeding network on the same layer, simplifies the feeding method, and arranges four microstrip radiation patches in an array at a certain interval. After conformality, the maximum radiation direction of each microstrip radiation patch will surround the missile axis, achieving omnidirectional radiation performance.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna conformally mounted on a cylindrical surface according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall antenna structure of a missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of an antenna structure of a missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the unit structure of a missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna.

[0024] Reference numerals

[0025] 1. Antenna part; 2. Cylindrical part; 11. Microstrip radiation patch; 12. Feeding network; 121. T-type feeding network; 122. Microstrip antenna feeding line; 13. Dielectric substrate; 14. Metal ground. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the common meanings understood by one having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0028] The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprises" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna of the present invention comprises an antenna part 1 and a cylindrical part 2, wherein the antenna part 1 comprises a microstrip radiation patch 11, a feed network 12, a dielectric substrate 13, and a metal ground 14, wherein the microstrip radiation patch 11 and the feed network 12 are located on the same surface layer of the dielectric substrate 13, so as to facilitate integration and connection; the microstrip radiation patch 11 and the feed network 12 are arranged on the upper surface layer of the dielectric substrate 13 by etching, and the microstrip radiation patch 11, the feed network 12, the dielectric substrate 13, and the metal ground 14 are assembled and connected in sequence from top to bottom;

[0031] The size and shape of the microstrip radiation patch 11 have a significant impact on the performance of the antenna. The microstrip radiation patch 11 also has the advantages of small size, light weight, and easy integration.

[0032] The microstrip radiation patch 11 is cascaded by the feeding network 12 to achieve the transmission of electric energy and the radiation of electromagnetic waves.

[0033] The length and width of the microstrip radiation patch 11 are equal to L; making the length and width of the microstrip radiation patch 11 equal helps to optimize the performance of the antenna.

[0034] There are four microstrip radiating patches 11, and the four microstrip radiating patches 11 are of the same size and arranged in an array at the same spacing. The microstrip radiating patches 11 are of the same size, have the same radiation impedance and frequency response, which makes the antenna array simpler and more direct in design and optimization. At the same time, the same spacing ensures that the coupling effect between the microstrip radiating patches 11 is consistent, which helps to achieve a uniform radiation pattern and stable performance.

[0035] The feed network 12 is used to realize the phase and amplitude control between different radiation patches, and further optimize the performance of the antenna array, so as to facilitate the in-phase superposition of electromagnetic fields in space; after conformalization, the maximum radiation direction of each microstrip radiation patch 11 will be around the elastic axis, and the four microstrip radiation patches 11 are arranged in sequence on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 13, ensuring that the antenna has excellent performance and meets the needs of various wireless communication systems.

[0036] The adopted microstrip radiation patch 11 is different from the existing traditional microstrip patch and also different from the printed planar patch dipole. The feeding port of the patch and the radiation part of the patch belong to the same layer; the feeding method is simple and convenient.

[0037] A square feeding notch is provided on one side of the microstrip radiation patch 11, the depth of the square feeding notch is L1, and the distance between the square feeding notch and the microstrip antenna feeding line 122 is W1. The square feeding notch allows the microstrip antenna feeding line 122 to be effectively connected to the microstrip radiation patch 11, thereby transmitting electromagnetic wave signals, which helps to optimize the performance of the antenna and improve the radiation efficiency and gain.

[0038] The feeding network 12 includes a T-type feeding network 121 and a microstrip antenna feeding line 122. The T-type feeding network 121 is used to achieve efficient antenna performance, and the microstrip antenna feeding line 122 is used to ensure effective transmission of signals.

[0039] The feed inlet of the T-type feed network 121 is connected to the RF coaxial connector, and the T-type feed network 121 can effectively receive or transmit electromagnetic energy, ensure the stable transmission of the signal, and thus realize the normal operation of the antenna. The inner conductor of the RF coaxial connector is welded to the microstrip antenna feed line 122 to realize the effective transmission of electromagnetic waves and ensure the welding quality to avoid signal reflection and loss. The outer conductor of the RF coaxial connector is connected to the metal ground 14, which plays the role of grounding shielding.

[0040] One end of the feeding network 12 is connected to the feeding ports of the four microstrip radiation patches 11, which helps to reduce the cross-sectional size of the antenna, simplify the overall structure, and facilitate integration and installation welding. The other end of the feeding network 12 is connected to the RF coaxial connector to effectively transmit electromagnetic waves, ensure stable signal transmission, and reduce losses.

[0041] The dielectric substrate 13 is made of a high-frequency flexible copper-clad plate with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss of 0.0009. The dielectric substrate 13 not only serves as a supporting structure, but also affects the transmission and radiation characteristics of electromagnetic waves. The high-frequency flexible copper-clad plate has a lower dielectric constant and loss, which is beneficial to reducing the attenuation during signal transmission and improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0042] The bottom layer of the dielectric substrate 13 is a metal ground 14, so that the antenna can realize multi-polarization reconfiguration and has the characteristics of small size and wide bandwidth. The length of the dielectric substrate 13 is Ls, the width of the dielectric substrate 13 is Ws, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate 13 is h.

[0043] After the entire antenna part 1 is conformed to the metal cylindrical part 2, it is tightly connected to the elastic body through screw holes around it, so as to enhance the radiation performance of the antenna and ensure the stability and reliability of the antenna.

[0044] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna, places the microstrip radiation patch and the feeding network on the same layer, simplifies the feeding method, and arranges four microstrip radiation patches in an array at a certain interval. After conformality, the maximum radiation direction of each microstrip radiation patch will surround the missile axis, achieving omnidirectional radiation performance.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna, characterized in that: It includes an antenna part and a cylindrical part. The antenna part includes a microstrip radiation patch, a feeding network, a dielectric substrate and a metal ground. The microstrip radiation patch and the feeding network are located on the same surface layer of the dielectric substrate. The microstrip radiation patch and the feeding network are arranged on the upper surface layer of the dielectric substrate by etching. The microstrip radiation patch, the feeding network, the dielectric substrate and the metal ground are assembled and connected in sequence from top to bottom.

2. The missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microstrip radiation patch is cascaded by a feeding network, and the length and width of the microstrip radiation patch are equal to L.

3. The missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four microstrip radiation patches, which have the same size and are arranged in an array with the same spacing. After conformal formation, the radiation direction of each microstrip radiation patch will revolve around the elastic axis. The four microstrip radiation patches are arranged in sequence on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.

4. The missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A square feeding notch is provided on one side of the microstrip radiation patch, the depth of the square feeding notch is L1, and the distance between the square feeding notch and the microstrip antenna feeding line is W1.

5. The missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding network includes a T-type feeding network and a microstrip antenna feeding line. The feeding inlet of the T-type feeding network is connected to the RF coaxial connector. The inner conductor of the RF coaxial connector is welded to the microstrip antenna feeding line. The outer conductor of the RF coaxial connector is connected to the metal ground.

6. The missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the feeding network is connected to the feeding ports of the four radiation patches, and the other end of the feeding network is connected to the radio frequency coaxial connector.

7. The missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate adopts a high-frequency flexible copper-clad plate with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss of 0.0009, and the bottom layer of the dielectric substrate is a metal ground.

8. The missile-borne conformal array telemetry antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the dielectric substrate is Ls, the width of the dielectric substrate is Ws, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is h.

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