A distributed photovoltaic power station risk management monitoring device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic components, and discloses a distributed photovoltaic power station risk management monitoring device, comprising a plurality of photovoltaic arrays, each group of photovoltaic arrays is provided with a monitoring component, and the monitoring component monitors the junction box and MC4 connector of the photovoltaic array by moving; the output end of the photovoltaic array is connected to a junction box; the output ends of every two groups of junction boxes are connected to a DC cabinet; the output end of the DC cabinet is connected to a centralized inverter; one output end of the centralized inverter is connected to a switch, the switch is connected to an operator network, a router and a server, and the server is connected to a distributed photovoltaic cloud platform; the other output end of the centralized inverter is connected to a step-up transformer; the output ends of every two groups of step-up transformers are connected to a grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet; the present application has no detection blind spots by installing a movable monitoring component on the photovoltaic array, can monitor multiple distributed power sources one by one, and promptly detect whether the junction box or the MC4 connector is heated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to an electric power system and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic components, and in particular to a distributed photovoltaic power station risk management monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] Since distributed photovoltaic power generation is discrete, volatile, and intermittent, its controllability and predictability are often lower than those of conventional power sources. The grid connection, operation, and maintenance of distributed power sources will pose a great threat to the safety and reliability of the main grid. If distributed power sources can upload their operating status information to the monitoring center in a timely manner, the monitoring center can quickly and real-timely issue control commands to distributed power sources.

[0003] Chinese patent application number 201621139247.2 discloses a distributed photovoltaic power station monitoring system, including a monitoring management machine, a distribution box, an inverter, a meteorological instrument for monitoring component temperature and irradiance, and a photovoltaic component. The input end of the photovoltaic component is connected to the distribution box through the inverter, the input end of the distribution box is connected to the monitoring management machine, and the input end of the meteorological instrument is connected to the inverter.

[0004] Chinese patent application number 201510178084.2 discloses a distributed photovoltaic access remote online monitoring system, which includes a distributed photovoltaic power monitoring master station, a distributed photovoltaic power terminal, a distributed photovoltaic power monitoring substation and a communication system; the distributed photovoltaic power monitoring master station is used for distributed photovoltaic power data collection and monitoring, grid-connected control, remote island detection and scheduling; the distributed photovoltaic power terminal is used for monitoring, protection, control and metering of distributed power operation sites; the distributed photovoltaic power monitoring substation is set as an intermediate layer device between the distributed photovoltaic power monitoring master station and the distributed photovoltaic power remote terminal, and performs maintenance and self-diagnosis of the substation equipment, island detection and grid-connected management of the distributed power; the communication system is a communication network that connects the distributed power monitoring master station, the remote terminal and the monitoring substation to realize information transmission.

[0005] The junction box and MC4 connector of the photovoltaic module have poor contact problems and are the key monitoring objects for heat generation. However, the existing detection equipment has a large detection blind spot and cannot be used in situations with multiple distributed power sources. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a distributed photovoltaic power station risk management monitoring device to solve the problem that the existing detection equipment mentioned in the above background technology has a large detection blind area and cannot be used for multiple distributed power sources.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a distributed photovoltaic power station risk management monitoring device, including several photovoltaic arrays, each group of photovoltaic arrays is provided with a monitoring component, the monitoring component monitors the junction box and MC4 connector of the photovoltaic array by moving; the output end of the photovoltaic array is connected to a junction box; the output end of every two groups of junction boxes is connected to a DC cabinet; the output end of the DC cabinet is connected to a centralized inverter; one output end of the centralized inverter is connected to a switch, the switch is connected to an operator network, a router and a server, and the server is connected to a distributed photovoltaic cloud platform; the other output end of the centralized inverter is connected to a step-up transformer; the output end of every two groups of step-up transformers is connected to a grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet; one output end of the grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet is connected to a medium-voltage power grid; the other output end of the grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet is connected to two internal distribution transformers; the output end of the internal distribution transformer is connected to an enterprise load.

[0008] A connecting plate is fixed at the pipe openings of adjacent guide rails by screws. The connecting plate is located on the side wall just above the guide rail, and the width of the connecting plate is the same as the width of the slide bar.

[0009] The gaps between adjacent photovoltaic panels are plugged with sealing strips, which are used to seal the gaps between adjacent photovoltaic panels.

[0010] The front and rear sides of the guide seat are provided with rectangular grooves, a ball seat is arranged in the rectangular groove, a round ball is arranged on the ball seat, and the round ball is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the guide groove.

[0011] The side panels are provided with feet, 2 feet form a group, and the 2 groups of feet are symmetrically arranged. A C-shaped seat is provided on the foot, and the inner diameter of the C-shaped seat is larger than the outer diameter of the guide rail. There are 2 C-shaped seats, and the interfaces of the 2 C-shaped seats are located directly below. A socket is provided on the side wall of one C-shaped seat, and a plug is provided on the side wall of the other C-shaped seat, and the plug is adapted to the socket. A notch is provided directly above the 2 C-shaped seats, and the notch can ensure the passage of the sliding rod; a T-shaped hole is provided on the side wall of the C-shaped seat, and bristles are slidably connected in the T-shaped hole, and the bristles are elastically in contact with the outer wall of the guide rail; a compression spring for squeezing the bristles is provided in the T-shaped hole, and a plug cap for limiting the compression spring is threadedly connected in the T-shaped hole.

[0012] The base is provided with a countersunk hole, a damping spring is placed on the large diameter of the countersunk hole, and a connecting bolt is passed through the countersunk hole, and the connecting bolt connects the bottom plate and the base.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: by installing a movable monitoring component on the photovoltaic array, the present application has no detection blind spots, can monitor multiple distributed power sources one by one, and promptly detect whether the junction box or MC4 connector is hot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a photovoltaic array.

[0016] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side structure of a photovoltaic array.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the junction box.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting fastener.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the hanger, guide rail and moving platform.

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the hanging parts.

[0021] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the U-shaped seat.

[0022] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the slide rail.

[0023] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the shell.

[0024] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first gear.

[0025] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the pressure rod.

[0026] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the crank.

[0027] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the guide rail.

[0028] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the mobile station.

[0029] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mobile station.

[0030] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of the side structure of the base.

[0031] Fig.18 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the traction mechanism.

[0032] Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the rope threading screw.

[0033] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting plate.

[0034] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the sealing strip.

[0035] Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the meteorological instrument.

[0036] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of a round ball.

[0037] Fig.24 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the foot.

[0038] Fig.25 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the C-type seat.

[0039] Fig.26 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the plug and socket.

[0040] Fig. 27 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the bristles.

[0041] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the vibration plate.

[0042] Fig.29 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the elastic part.

[0043] Fig.30 Schematic diagram of the wedge structure.

[0044] Fig.31 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the shock-absorbing spring.

[0045] In the figure: 1. PV array; 2. Monitoring components; 3. Junction box; 4. MC4 connector; 5. Combiner box; 6. DC cabinet; 7. Central inverter; 8. Switch; 9. Operator network; 10. Router; 11. Server; 12. Distributed PV cloud platform; 13. Step-up transformer; 14. Grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet; 15. Medium-voltage power grid; 16. Internal distribution transformer; 17. Enterprise load; 18. Concrete pile; 19. Anchor bolt; 20. First support; 21. First vertical beam; 22. Second support; 23. Second vertical beam; 24. Longitudinal beam; 25. Strip groove; 26. Horizontal beam; 27. Connecting fastener; 28. PV panel; 29. ​​Diagonal beam; 3 0. triangular cavity; 31. triangular steel; 32. limit plate; 33. pressure plate; 34. fastening bolt; 35. hanging piece; 36. bolt head; 37. guide rail; 38. moving platform; 39. traction mechanism; 40. base; 41. infrared thermal imager; 42. U-shaped seat; 43. H-shaped seat; 44. first shaft tube; 45. first oblique tooth groove; 46. stud bolt; 47. second shaft tube; 48. third shaft tube; 49. second oblique tooth groove; 50. slide rail; 51. guide rod; 52. positioning screw; 53. housing; 54. sliding hole; 55. slider; 56. slide rod; 57. threaded groove; 58. toothed groove; 59. first gear; 60. first shaft rod; 61. The second gear; 62, the third gear; 63, the second shaft; 64, the crank; 65, the ratchet; 66, the third shaft; 67, the pressure rod; 68, the fourth shaft; 69, the spring; 70, the pressure head; 71, the guide groove; 72, the through hole; 73, the bottom plate; 74, the side plate; 75, the first slope surface; 76, the vertical surface; 77, the second slope surface; 78, the pulley; 79, the guide seat; 80, the bolt seat; 81, the frame; 82, the first motor; 83, the reducer; 84, the connecting plate; 85, the winding roller frame; 86, the traction rope; 87, the threading screw; 88, the guide mechanism; 89, the second motor; 90, the track; 91, the reciprocating screw; 92, the slide; 93, the guide ring ; 94. connecting plate; 95. sealing strip; 96. meteorological instrument; 97. temperature sensor; 98. humidity sensor; 99. gas sensor; 100. light sensor; 101. rectangular groove; 102. ball seat; 103. round ball; 104. foot seat; 105. C-type seat; 106. socket; 107. plug; 108. notch; 109. T-shaped hole; 110. bristles; 111. compression spring; 112. plug cap; 113. boss; 114. vibration plate; 115. notch; 116. vibration unit; 117. open ring groove; 118. elastic part; 119. wedge-shaped piece; 120. countersunk hole; 121. shock-absorbing spring; 122. connecting bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0048] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, a distributed photovoltaic power station risk management monitoring device includes a plurality of photovoltaic arrays 1, each group of photovoltaic arrays 1 is equipped with a monitoring component 2, and the monitoring component 2 monitors the junction box 3 and MC4 connector 4 of the photovoltaic array 1 by moving; the output end of the photovoltaic array 1 is connected to a junction box 5; the output end of each two groups of junction boxes 5 is connected to a DC cabinet 6; the output end of the DC cabinet 6 is connected to a centralized inverter 7; one output end of the centralized inverter 7 is connected to a switch 8, the switch 8 is connected to an operator network 9, a router 10 and a server 11, and the server 11 is connected to the distributed photovoltaic A cloud platform 12; another output end of the centralized inverter 7 is connected to a step-up transformer 13; the output ends of each two groups of step-up transformers 13 are connected to a grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet 14; one output end of the grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet 14 is connected to a medium-voltage power grid 15; another output end of the grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet 14 is connected to two internal distribution transformers 16; the output end of the internal distribution transformer 16 is connected to an enterprise load 17; the present application installs a movable monitoring component 2 on the photovoltaic array 1, has no detection blind spots, can monitor multiple distributed power sources one by one, and promptly detect whether the junction box 3 or the MC4 connector 4 is heated.

[0051] like Figure 2~Figure 4 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the photovoltaic array 1 includes a plurality of concrete piles 18, and the concrete piles 18 are arranged in a matrix. A first support 20 is fixed to the front concrete column by an anchor bolt 19, and a first vertical beam 21 is connected to the first support 20 by bolts; a second support 22 is fixed to the rear concrete pile 18 by an anchor bolt 19, and a second vertical beam 23 is connected to the second support 22 by bolts, and the height of the second vertical beam 23 is greater than the height of the first vertical beam 21, and longitudinal beams 24 are connected to the first vertical beam 21 and the second vertical beam 23 by bolts, and the longitudinal beam 24 has a strip groove 25 for installing bolts, and a cross beam 26 is connected to the longitudinal beam 24 by bolts, and the cross beam 26 is U-shaped steel, and the opening of the cross beam 26 is upward, and the opening of the cross beam 26 is fixed by a connecting fastener 27 There are photovoltaic panels 28. This embodiment takes 4 rows and 2 columns of photovoltaic panels 28 as an example. The junction boxes 3 of the 2 columns of photovoltaic panels 28 are arranged relatively to each other, and the junction boxes 3 are located in the middle position, so as to ensure that the monitoring component 2 can collect data of 2 layers of photovoltaic panels 28 at the same time; further, an inclined beam 29 is connected to the second support 22 by bolts, and the free end of the inclined beam 29 is connected to the middle section of the longitudinal beam 24 by bolts, and a triangular cavity 30 is formed between the inclined beam 29, the second vertical beam 23, and the longitudinal beam 24. The triangular cavity 30 is used for the sliding passage of the monitoring component 2, and the inclined beam 29 is used to improve the supporting stability of the photovoltaic array 1; further, a triangular steel 31 is connected to the adjacent second vertical beam 23 by bolts, and the triangular steel 31 is arranged obliquely, and the triangular steel 31 is used to improve the supporting stability of the photovoltaic array 1.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the connecting fastener 27 includes a limit plate 32, a pressure plate 33, and a fastening bolt 34. The limit plate 32 is slidably connected to the opening of the beam 26, and the limit plate 32 has a hole through which the fastening bolt 34 passes; the pressure plate 33 is shaped like a "J", and the flange of the pressure plate 33 is used to press the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic panel 28, and the pressure plate 33 has a hole through which the fastening bolt 34 passes.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the monitoring component 2 includes a hanger 35, which is fixed to the longitudinal beam 24 by bolts, and the hanger 35 is located in the triangular cavity 30; a guide rail 37 is fixed to the hanger 35 by a bolt head 36, and a moving platform 38 is slidably connected to the guide rail 37, and the moving platform 38 moves laterally along the photovoltaic panel 28, and the moving platform 38 is driven by a traction mechanism 39; a base 40 is installed on the moving platform 38, and an infrared thermal imager 41 is installed on the base 40, and the infrared thermal imager 41 is used to collect the heating data of the junction box 3 and the MC4 connector 4 to ensure the safe use of the photovoltaic panel 28.

[0054] like Figure 7 to Figure 13As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, considering that the straightness requirement of the guide rail 37 is relatively high, due to the installation error of the photovoltaic array 1, the angle, longitudinal displacement distance and vertical displacement distance of the hanger 35 need to be adjusted, and the hanger 35 includes a U-shaped seat 42 and an H-shaped seat 43. The opening of the U-shaped seat 42 has a hole through which the bolt passes, and the U-shaped seat 42 is connected to the longitudinal beam 24. The bottom surface of the U-shaped seat 42 is connected to a first shaft tube 44, and the two end surfaces of the first shaft tube 44 protrude from the outside of the U-shaped seat 42. The two end surfaces of the first shaft tube 44 are provided with first oblique tooth grooves 45 arranged at equal angles; the upper opening of the H-shaped seat 43 is rotatably connected to a stud bolt 46, and the waist of the stud bolt 46 is rotatably connected to the first shaft tube 44. There are a second shaft tube 47 and a third shaft tube 48, the opposite back surfaces of the second shaft tube 47 and the third shaft tube 48 are fixedly connected to the H-shaped seat 43, and the opposite surfaces of the second shaft tube 47 and the third shaft tube 48 are provided with second oblique tooth grooves 49 arranged at equal angles, and the second oblique tooth grooves 49 are meshed with the first oblique tooth grooves 45. By rotating the stud bolt 46, the upper opening of the H-shaped seat 43 is reduced, and the second shaft tube 47 and the third shaft tube 48 fix the position of the first shaft tube 44. Loosening the stud bolt 46 expands the upper opening of the H-shaped seat 43, and the second shaft tube 47 and the third shaft tube 48 are separated from the first shaft tube 44. In this way, the angle of the H-shaped seat 43 can be adjusted, so that a row of H-shaped seats 43 is in a vertical position; the lower opening of the H-shaped seat 43 is slidably connected The H-shaped seat 43 is connected to a slide rail 50, and a guide rod 51 for guiding the slide rail 50 is provided on the H-shaped seat 43. The slide rail 50 slides along the longitudinal direction of the H-shaped seat 43. The side wall of the H-shaped seat 43 is threadedly connected with a positioning screw 52, ​​and the positioning screw 52 is used to limit the position of the slide rail 50; the bottom surface of the slide rail 50 is connected to a housing 53, and a sliding hole 54 is provided on the top surface of the housing 53. A slider 55 is slidably connected in the sliding hole 54. The shape of the slider 55 is rectangular, and a slide rod 56 is connected to the bottom surface of the slider 55. The bottom surface of the slide rod 56 extends out of the housing 53, and a threaded groove 57 is provided on the bottom surface of the slide rod 56; the side wall of the slide rod 56 is provided with toothed grooves 58 arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom, and a first gear 59 is meshed on the toothed groove 58, and a first gear 59 is connected to the first gear 59. A first shaft rod 60 is connected, the first shaft rod 60 is rotatably connected to the housing 53, and a second gear 61 is connected to the side wall of the first shaft rod 60; a third gear 62 is meshed with the second gear 61, and a second shaft rod 63 is connected to the third gear 62, and the second shaft rod 63 is connected to the housing 53, and a crank 64 is connected to the second shaft rod 63 located outside the housing 53; a ratchet 65 is connected to the second shaft rod 63; a third shaft rod 66 is connected to the housing 53, and a pressure rod 67 is connected to the third shaft rod 66, and the third shaft rod 66 is located at the waist of the pressure rod 67 to form a seesaw structure, and the bent end of the pressure rod 67 is used to press the tooth surface of the ratchet 65 to prevent the ratchet 65 from rotating counterclockwise, and the horizontal end of the pressure rod 67 extends out of the housing 53;The housing 53 is connected with a fourth shaft 68, and a spring sheet 69 is connected with the fourth shaft 68. The free end of the spring sheet 69 has a pressure head 70, and the pressure head 70 is used to press the bent end of the pressure rod 67. When the ratchet 65 needs to rotate counterclockwise, the horizontal end of the pressure rod 67 is pressed, and the pressure rod 67 can be tilted, and the ratchet 65 can rotate counterclockwise; by rotating the crank 64, the second shaft 63 is driven to rotate, and the third gear 62 drives the second gear 61 to rotate, and then drives the first gear 59 to rotate, and the first gear 59 drives the slide bar 56 to move downward, so that the bottom surface of a row of slide bars 56 is flush, and the side surface of a row of slide bars 56 is also flush with the adjustment of the slide rail 50; by adjusting the angle of the H-shaped seat 43 in the hanging part 35, the longitudinal displacement distance of the slide rail 50, and the vertical displacement distance of the slide bar 56, the straightness of the guide rail 37 is guaranteed, and the installation error of the photovoltaic array 1 is overcome. ;

[0055] like Fig.14 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the guide rail 37 is a circular tubular structure, and the side wall of the guide rail 37 has an inwardly concave guide groove 71, and the guide groove 71 is located at a directly lower position. The side wall of the guide rail 37 is provided with a through hole 72 that penetrates the guide groove 71, and the through hole 72 is used to insert the bolt head 36, and the bolt head 36 is used to be screwed into the threaded groove 57 of the slide rod 56, and the lower end of the bolt head 36 is higher than the lowermost edge of the guide rail 37.

[0056] like Figure 15~Figure 17 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the movable platform 38 includes a bottom plate 73, and a side plate 74 is fixed to the bottom plate 73 by bolts. The side plate 74 is composed of a first slope surface 75, a vertical surface 76, and a second slope surface 77 from top to bottom. The first slope surface 75, the vertical surface 76, and the second slope surface 77 form a V shape. The number of side plates 74 is 2, and the openings of the two side plates 74 are arranged back to back. The gap between the two vertical surfaces 76 is larger than the outer diameter of the guide rail 37. The first slope surface 75 and the second slope surface 77 are rotatably connected with pulleys 78, and the plurality of pulleys 78 are connected to the first slope surface 75 and the second slope surface 77. 8 are arranged at equal intervals, and the wheel surface of the pulley 78 is in rolling contact with the side wall of the guide rail 37; a guide seat 79 is installed on the top surface of the bottom plate 73, and the shape of the guide seat 79 is T-shaped. The entry side of the guide seat 79 is a rounded structure, and the top surface of the guide seat 79 is lower than the bottom surface of the bolt head 36. The side surface of the guide seat 79 is slidably connected with the guide groove 71. By setting the guide seat 79, the pulley 78 can move in a straight line; a bolt seat 80 is installed on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 73, and the number of the bolt seats 80 is 2, and the two bolt seats 80 are symmetrically arranged. The bottom surface of the bottom plate 73 is used to install the base 40.

[0057] like Figure 18-19As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the number of traction mechanisms 39 is two, and the two traction mechanisms 39 are arranged on the outermost second vertical beam 23. The traction mechanism 39 includes a frame 81, and a first motor 82 is installed on the top surface of the frame 81. The shaft end of the first motor 82 is connected to a reducer 83, and the output shaft end of the reducer 83 is connected to a connecting plate 84, and a winding roller frame 85 is installed on the end surface of the connecting plate 84. A traction rope 86 is wound around the winding roller frame 85, and a rope threading screw 87 is connected to the free end of the traction rope 86, and the rope threading screw 87 is threadedly connected to the bolt seat 80; a guide mechanism 88 is installed on the top surface of the frame 81, and the guide mechanism 88 includes a second motor 89 and a track 90. The second motor 89 is arranged on the top surface of the frame 81, and the track 90 is installed on the top surface of the frame 81. A reciprocating screw 91 is rotatably connected to the track 90, and the reciprocating screw 91 is driven by the second motor 89; a slide 92 is installed on the reciprocating screw 91, and a guide ring 93 is fixed to the bottom surface of the slide 92 by bolts, and the guide ring 93 is used to pass the traction rope 86. The guiding process is: start the traction mechanism 39 on the right, the second motor 89 drives the reciprocating screw 91 to rotate, and the reciprocating screw 91 drives the guide ring 93 on the slide 92 to make a linear reciprocating motion, which can continuously guide the traction rope 86 to be evenly wound on the winding roller frame 85, and at the same time, the traction mechanism 39 on the left rotates in the opposite direction, and the traction rope 86 continuously detaches from the winding roller frame 85.

[0058] like Fig. 20 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, considering the long length of the photovoltaic array 1, multiple guide rails 37 need to be laid in a butt joint, and connecting plates 94 are fixed at the pipe mouths of adjacent guide rails 37 by screws. The connecting plates 94 are located on the side wall just above the guide rails 37. The width of the connecting plates 94 is the same as the width of the slide rod 56 to ensure the smooth sliding of the movable platform 38. By setting the connecting plates 94, the guide rails 37 can be lengthened to ensure the comprehensiveness of the monitoring data.

[0059] like Fig.21 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, taking into account that there are gaps between adjacent photovoltaic panels 28, if it rains or snows, the water will drip onto the guide rail 37 and affect the sliding of the movable platform 38, a sealing strip 95 is inserted in the gap between adjacent photovoltaic panels 28, and the sealing strip 95 is used to close the gap between adjacent photovoltaic panels 28.

[0060] like Fig. 22 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the infrared thermal imager 41 is equipped with a meteorological instrument 96, a temperature sensor 97, a humidity sensor 98, a gas sensor 99, and a light sensor 100, so that thermal monitoring can be realized while collecting environmental data. Compared with the data collection method at a fixed position, the data collected by this application is evenly distributed, and the mean can be calculated, which improves the accuracy of data analysis.

[0061] like Fig.23As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, taking into account the smoothness of the movement of the guide seat 79, a rectangular groove 101 is opened on the front and rear sides of the guide seat 79, a ball seat 102 is installed in the rectangular groove 101, and a round ball 103 is installed on the ball seat 102. The round ball 103 is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the guide groove 71. By providing the round ball 103, the smoothness of the movement of the guide seat 79 is improved.

[0062] like Figure 24~Figure 27 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, considering that the guide rail 37 is installed in an outdoor environment, dust is easily attached to the surface of the guide rail 37, or birds perch and leave feces, which affects the sliding of the mobile platform 38, the side panel 74 is fixed with a foot 104 by screws, two foot seats 104 form a group, and the two groups of foot seats 104 are symmetrically arranged. The shape of the foot seat 104 is L-shaped, and a C-type seat 105 is fixed to the foot seat 104 by screws. The inner diameter of the C-type seat 105 is larger than the outer diameter of the guide rail 37. The number of C-type seats 105 is 2, and the interfaces of the two C-type seats 105 are located directly below. The side wall of one C-type seat 105 is connected to a socket 106, and the other C-type The side wall of the seat 105 is connected to a plug 107, which is adapted to the socket 106. There is a notch 108 just above the two C-shaped seats 105, and the notch 108 can ensure the passage of the slide bar 56; the side wall of the C-shaped seat 105 is provided with a T-shaped hole 109, and a bristle 110 is slidably connected in the T-shaped hole 109, and the bristle 110 is in elastic contact with the outer wall of the guide rail 37; a compression spring 111 for squeezing the bristle 110 is installed in the T-shaped hole 109, and a blocking cap 112 for limiting the compression spring 111 is threadedly connected in the T-shaped hole 109. As the moving platform 38 slides, the bristles 110 can simultaneously clean dust or bird droppings to ensure the smoothness of the displacement of the moving platform 38.

[0063] like Figure 28~Figure 30 As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, considering that the guide rail 37 is installed outdoors, birds are easy to perch on the guide rail 37, affecting the sliding of the moving platform 38, the top surface of the guide seat 79 is connected with a protrusion 113, and a plurality of protrusions 113 are arranged at equal intervals; a vibration plate 114 is sleeved on the bolt head 36, and the shape of the vibration plate 114 is an inverted U shape. The vertical section of the vibration plate 114 is provided with notches 115 arranged at equal intervals, and the notches 115 make the vibration plate 114 form a plurality of vibration units 116, and the vibration units 116 The vibration is caused by friction with the convex column 113. The upper end of the notch 115 is spherical, and the lower end of the notch 115 is funnel-shaped. An open ring groove 117 is provided on the vibration unit 116. The open ring groove 117 is composed of a vertical segment and an incomplete circle segment. The open ring groove 117 forms an elastic part 118 on the surface of the vibration unit 116. A wedge-shaped piece 119 is connected to the elastic part 118. The wedge-shaped piece 119 is elastically squeezed with the guide groove 71, so that the vibration is transmitted to the guide rail 37. The vibration can drive away the birds, thereby ensuring the sliding of the moving platform 38.

[0064] like Fig.31As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, considering that vibration may be transmitted to the base 40 and thus affect the use of the infrared thermal imager 41, a countersunk hole 120 is opened on the base 40, and a shock-absorbing spring 121 is placed on the large diameter of the countersunk hole 120. A connecting bolt 122 is passed through the countersunk hole 120, and the connecting bolt 122 connects the bottom plate 73 to the base 40. By providing the shock-absorbing spring 121, the transmission of vibration to the infrared thermal imager 41 is reduced.

[0065] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned examples, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to make and modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed photovoltaic power station risk management and monitoring device, comprising a plurality of photovoltaic arrays (1), characterized in that: Each photovoltaic array (1) is provided with a monitoring component (2), and the monitoring component (2) monitors the junction box (3) and MC4 connector (4) of the photovoltaic array (1) by moving; the output end of the photovoltaic array (1) is connected to a junction box (5); the output end of each two junction boxes (5) is connected to a DC cabinet (6); the output end of the DC cabinet (6) is connected to a centralized inverter (7); one output end of the centralized inverter (7) is connected to a switch (8), the switch (8) is connected to an operator network (9), a router (10) and a server (11), and the server (11) is connected to a distributed photovoltaic cloud platform (12); the other output end of the centralized inverter (7) is connected to a step-up transformer (12); The output ends of each of the two groups of step-up transformers (13) are connected to a grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet (14); one output end of the grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet (14) is connected to a medium-voltage power grid (15); the other output end of the grid-connected medium-voltage cabinet (14) is connected to two internal distribution transformers (16); the output end of the internal distribution transformer (16) is connected to an enterprise load (17); the photovoltaic array (1) includes a plurality of concrete piles (18), the concrete piles (18) are arranged in a matrix, a first support (20) is fixed to the front concrete column by anchor bolts (19), and a first vertical beam (21) is provided on the first support (20); a second support is fixed to the rear concrete pile (18) by anchor bolts (19). A second support (22) is provided with a second vertical beam (23), and longitudinal beams (24) are provided on the first vertical beam (21) and the second vertical beam (23) opposite to each other, and the longitudinal beam (24) has a strip groove (25), and a cross beam (26) is provided on the longitudinal beam (24), and a photovoltaic panel (28) is fixed to the opening of the cross beam (26) via a connecting fastener (27); an oblique beam (29) is provided on the second support (22), and a free end of the oblique beam (29) is connected to the middle section of the longitudinal beam (24); a triangular cavity (30) is formed between the oblique beam (29), the second vertical beam (23), and the longitudinal beam (24), and the triangular cavity (30) is used for monitoring the sliding passage of the component (2); an adjacent second vertical beam (21) and a second vertical beam (23) are provided on the longitudinal beam (24), and the triangular cavity (30) is used for monitoring the sliding passage of the component (2); A triangular steel (31) is provided on the beam (23); the monitoring component (2) includes a hanging piece (35), the hanging piece (35) and the longitudinal beam (24) are fixed by bolts, and the hanging piece (35) is located at the triangular cavity (30); a guide rail (37) is fixed to the hanging piece (35) by a bolt head (36), a moving platform (38) is slidably connected to the guide rail (37), the moving platform (38) moves laterally along the photovoltaic panel (28), and the moving platform (38) is driven by a traction mechanism (39); a base (40) is provided on the moving platform (38), and an infrared thermal imager (41) is provided on the base (40), and the infrared thermal imager (41) is used to collect heating data of the junction box (3) and the MC4 connector (4);The hanging member (35) comprises a U-shaped seat (42) and an H-shaped seat (43). The U-shaped seat (42) has a hole through which a bolt passes. The U-shaped seat (42) is connected to the longitudinal beam (24). The bottom surface of the U-shaped seat (42) is provided with a first shaft tube (44). Both end surfaces of the first shaft tube (44) are provided with first oblique tooth grooves (45) arranged at equal angles. The upper opening of the H-shaped seat (43) is rotatably connected with a stud bolt (46). The stud bolt (46) is rotatably connected to the first shaft tube (44). The stud bolt (46) is rotatably connected to the second shaft tube (47) and the third shaft tube (48). The opposite back surfaces of the second shaft tube (47) and the third shaft tube (48) are fixedly connected to the H-shaped seat (43). The second shaft tube (47) and the third shaft tube (48) are fixedly connected to the H-shaped seat (43). The opposite surface of the H-shaped seat (48) is provided with a second oblique tooth groove (49) arranged at an equal angle, the second oblique tooth groove (49) is meshed with the first oblique tooth groove (45), and the size of the upper opening of the H-shaped seat (43) is controlled by rotating the stud bolt (46); the lower opening of the H-shaped seat (43) is slidably connected with a slide rail (50), the H-shaped seat (43) has a guide rod (51) for guiding the slide rail (50), the slide rail (50) slides along the longitudinal direction of the H-shaped seat (43), and the side wall of the H-shaped seat (43) is threadedly connected with a positioning screw (52), and the positioning screw (52) is used to limit the position of the slide rail (50); the bottom surface of the slide rail (50) is provided with a shell (53), and the top surface of the shell (53) is provided with a slide hole (54), and the slide hole (54) is provided with a guide rod (51) for guiding the slide rail (50). A slider (55) is slidably connected, a slider (55) is provided on the bottom surface of the slider (55), the bottom surface of the slider (56) extends out of the housing (53), and a thread groove (57) is provided on the bottom surface of the slider (56); a side wall of the slider (56) is provided with toothed grooves (58) arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom, a first gear (59) is meshed on the toothed groove (58), a first shaft (60) is provided on the first gear (59), the first shaft (60) is rotatably connected to the housing (53), and a second gear (61) is provided on the side wall of the first shaft (60); a third gear (62) is meshed on the second gear (61), a second shaft (63) is provided on the third gear (62), and the second shaft (63) is connected to the housing (53) Rotationally connected, a crank (64) is provided on a second shaft (63) located outside the housing (53); a ratchet (65) is provided on the second shaft (63); a third shaft (66) is provided on the housing (53), a pressure rod (67) is provided on the third shaft (66), and the third shaft (66) is located at the waist of the pressure rod (67) to form a seesaw structure, the bent end of the pressure rod (67) is used to press the tooth surface of the ratchet (65), and the horizontal end of the pressure rod (67) extends outside the housing (53); a fourth shaft (68) is provided on the housing (53), a spring (69) is provided on the fourth shaft (68), and a pressure head (70) is provided at the free end of the spring (69), and the pressure head (70) is used to press the bent end of the pressure rod (67). ; 2. A distributed photovoltaic power station risk management and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting fastener (27) comprises a limit plate (32), a pressure plate (33), and a fastening bolt (34); the limit plate (32) is slidably connected to the opening of the cross beam (26); the limit plate (32) has a hole through which the fastening bolt (34) passes; the pressure plate (33) is in the shape of a "J"; the flange of the pressure plate (33) is used to press the aluminum frame of the photovoltaic panel (28); the pressure plate (33) has a hole through which the fastening bolt (34) passes.

3. A distributed photovoltaic power station risk management and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail (37) is a circular tubular structure. The side wall of the guide rail (37) has an inwardly concave guide groove (71). The guide groove (71) is located at a directly lower position. The side wall of the guide rail (37) is provided with a through hole (72) penetrating the guide groove (71). The through hole (72) is used to penetrate a bolt head (36). The bolt head (36) is used to be screwed into the thread groove (57) of the slide rod (56). The lower end of the bolt head (36) is higher than the lowermost edge of the guide rail (37).

4. A distributed photovoltaic power station risk management and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable platform (38) comprises a bottom plate (73), a side plate (74) is provided on the bottom plate (73), the side plate (74) is composed of a first slope surface (75), a vertical surface (76), and a second slope surface (77) from top to bottom, the first slope surface (75), the vertical surface (76), and the second slope surface (77) form a V shape, the number of the side plates (74) is two, the openings of the two side plates (74) are arranged opposite to each other, the gap between the two vertical surfaces (76) is larger than the outer diameter of the guide rail (37), the first slope surface (75) and the second slope surface (77) are rotatably connected with a pulley (78), if The dry pulleys (78) are arranged at equal intervals, and the wheel surface of the pulley (78) is in rolling contact with the side wall of the guide rail (37); the top surface of the bottom plate (73) is provided with a guide seat (79), the shape of the guide seat (79) is T-shaped, the entry side of the guide seat (79) is a rounded structure, the top surface of the guide seat (79) is lower than the bottom surface of the bolt head (36), and the side surface of the guide seat (79) is slidably connected to the guide groove (71); the bottom surface of the bottom plate (73) is provided with a bolt seat (80), the number of the bolt seats (80) is 2, and the two bolt seats (80) are symmetrically arranged, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate (73) is used to install the base (40).

5. A distributed photovoltaic power station risk management and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of traction mechanisms (39) is two, and the two traction mechanisms (39) are arranged on the outermost second vertical beam (23). The traction mechanism (39) comprises a frame (81), a first motor (82) is arranged on the top surface of the frame (81), a reducer (83) is arranged on the shaft end of the first motor (82), a connecting plate (84) is arranged on the output shaft end of the reducer (83), a winding roller frame (85) is arranged on the end surface of the connecting plate (84), a traction rope (86) is wound around the winding roller frame (85), a rope threading screw (87) is arranged on the free end of the traction rope (86), and the rope threading screw (87) and the screw threading screw (87) are connected to each other. The bolt seat (80) is threadedly connected; a guide mechanism (88) is provided on the top surface of the frame (81), and the guide mechanism (88) includes a second motor (89) and a track (90); the second motor (89) is provided on the top surface of the frame (81); the track (90) is provided on the top surface of the frame (81); a reciprocating screw (91) is rotatably connected to the track (90); the reciprocating screw (91) is driven by the second motor (89); a slide table (92) is provided on the reciprocating screw (91); a guide ring (93) is provided on the bottom surface of the slide table (92); the guide ring (93) is used to pass the traction rope (86).

6. A distributed photovoltaic power station risk management and monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared thermal imager (41) is additionally equipped with a meteorological instrument (96), a temperature sensor (97), a humidity sensor (98), a gas sensor (99), and a light sensor (100).

7. A distributed photovoltaic power station risk management and monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top surface of the guide seat (79) is provided with a convex column (113), and a plurality of convex columns (113) are arranged at equal intervals. A vibration plate (114) is sleeved on the bolt head (36), and the vibration plate (114) is in an inverted U shape. The vertical section of the vibration plate (114) is provided with notches (115) arranged at equal intervals. The notches (115) enable the vibration plate (114) to form a plurality of vibration units (116), and the vibration units (116) rub against the convex columns (113). The upper end of the notch (115) is spherical, the lower end of the notch (115) is funnel-shaped, an open ring groove (117) is provided on the vibration unit (116), the open ring groove (117) is composed of a vertical segment and an incomplete circular segment, the open ring groove (117) forms an elastic part (118) on the surface of the vibration unit (116), and a wedge-shaped piece (119) is provided on the elastic part (118), and the wedge-shaped piece (119) and the guide groove (71) are elastically squeezed.

Images