Measurement and calculation method for soil testing and fertilization in whole growth period of crops

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring and calculating method for soil testing and fertilization in the whole growth period of crops, relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilization, and mainly aims to provide a measuring and calculating method for soil testing and fertilization in the whole growth period of crops, which can improve the fertilization efficiency of crops and reduce the fertilization cost. Through soil sample nutrient content testing, crop nutrient demand model building and unit yield nutrient demand research, a drip irrigation planting mode is built by combining crop target yield, water-saving drip irrigation frequency and fertilizer type unit price, and a whole-growth-period fertilizer measuring and calculating model needed by drip irrigation is generated according to different soil structures and crop demands. The pollution of excessive fertilization to crops and the environment is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilization, and in particular to a method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of crops. Background Art

[0002] Water-saving drip irrigation for crop planting uses water pumps to pressurize water-soluble fertilizers added to the fertilizer applicator, which are dissolved by water and enter the underground pipe network. They then enter the area around the crop roots precisely through outlet piles, branch pipes, and capillary tubes. This method has the advantages of saving water, labor, and land, and is widely used and promoted in the arid and semi-arid crop planting areas in the northwest.

[0003] However, in the current agricultural production process, farmers wantonly increase the amount of fertilizer to obtain higher yields, which not only causes direct economic losses, but also causes environmental pollution, surface eutrophication, soil compaction, soil salinization and other problems. Taking Xinjiang drip irrigation and film-covered cotton planting as an example, researchers found through investigation that the average pure fertilizer application amount of Xinjiang cotton reached 610kg / hm 2 The over-application rate is 59.6%, which is the upper limit of safety recognized by developed countries (225kg / hm 2 ) is 2.6 times that of the control group, and excessive fertilization is more serious. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of crops. The main purpose is to provide a method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of crops that can improve the fertilization efficiency of crops and reduce the cost of fertilization.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of crops, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] Establish the fertilizer requirement model of crops during their growth period and the nutrient requirement model per unit yield according to the fertilizer requirement law of corresponding crops;

[0008] Study the utilization efficiency of different fertilizers and soil nutrient supply capacity in the region according to the different regional crops and ecological environment, and collect soil data;

[0009] Generate the fertilizer application amount for the whole growth period of the crop based on the fertilizer utilization efficiency of the crop type, the soil nutrient supply capacity and the fertilizer requirement of the crop during the whole growth period;

[0010] Generate topdressing and base fertilizer types, dosage and cost data information based on basic fertilizer data and fertilizer application amount during the whole growth period of crops;

[0011] A crop fertilization plan is generated based on the frequency and time data of irrigation, and combined with the fertilizer requirement model, topdressing, base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information during the crop growth period.

[0012] Furthermore, the crops and ecological environment in the corresponding area are studied and parameter data are generated;

[0013] Calculate the utilization efficiency of different fertilizers and the soil nutrient supply capacity in the corresponding area based on the generated parameter data;

[0014] The soil nutrient data of the corresponding plot is obtained by soil sampling and testing.

[0015] Furthermore, the crop types are selected, and the nutrient fertilizer requirement model corresponding to the crop fertilizer requirement law and the unit yield nutrient requirement model are imported;

[0016] Set target yield and generate fertilizer requirements for crops throughout their growth period based on the unit yield nutrient requirement model;

[0017] Select a growing area, import the fertilizer utilization efficiency, soil nutrient supply capacity and fertilizer requirement of the crop during its entire growth period, and generate the fertilizer application amount for the crop during its entire growth period.

[0018] Furthermore, data information on fertilizer types, prices, and topdressing and base fertilizer ratios are imported;

[0019] Generate topdressing, base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information based on fertilizer application during the entire growth period of the crop.

[0020] Furthermore, the crop fertilization plan is combined with the base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information to generate a fertilization plan for drip irrigation crops throughout their growth period.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0022] First, by testing the nutrient content of soil samples, building a crop nutrient demand model, and studying the nutrient demand per unit yield, a drip irrigation planting model was constructed based on the crop target yield, water-saving drip irrigation frequency, and fertilizer type unit price. A fertilizer calculation model for the entire growth period required for drip irrigation was generated based on different soil structures and crop needs, which greatly reduced the pollution of excessive fertilization to crops and the environment.

[0023] Second, by studying the fertilizer requirements of different crops, combining soil nutrient test data, setting target yields, entering fertilizer types, fertilizer unit prices, and irrigation frequency, and calculating through models, the corresponding crop water-saving drip irrigation fertilization plan and input costs can be generated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The process of the first method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of crops provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A flow chart of a second method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of a crop provided by an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of crops, the method comprising the following steps:

[0028] Establish the fertilizer requirement model of crops during their growth period and the nutrient requirement model per unit yield according to the fertilizer requirement law of corresponding crops;

[0029] Study the utilization efficiency of different fertilizers and soil nutrient supply capacity in the region according to the different regional crops and ecological environment, and collect soil data;

[0030] Generate the fertilizer application amount for the whole growth period of the crop based on the fertilizer utilization efficiency of the crop type, the soil nutrient supply capacity and the fertilizer requirement of the crop during the whole growth period;

[0031] Generate topdressing and base fertilizer types, dosage and cost data information based on basic fertilizer data and fertilizer application amount during the whole growth period of crops;

[0032] A crop fertilization plan is generated based on the frequency and time data of irrigation, and combined with the fertilizer requirement model, topdressing, base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information during the crop growth period.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0034] First, by testing the nutrient content of soil samples, building a crop nutrient demand model, and studying the nutrient demand per unit yield, a drip irrigation planting model was constructed based on the crop target yield, water-saving drip irrigation frequency, and fertilizer type unit price. A fertilizer calculation model for the entire growth period required for drip irrigation was generated based on different soil structures and crop needs, which greatly reduced the pollution of excessive fertilization to crops and the environment.

[0035] Second, by studying the fertilizer requirements of different crops, combining soil nutrient test data, setting target yields, entering fertilizer types, fertilizer unit prices, and irrigation frequency, and calculating through models, the corresponding crop water-saving drip irrigation fertilization plan and input costs can be generated.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of crops, the method comprising the following steps:

[0038] 101. According to the fertilizer requirement rules of corresponding crops, establish the fertilizer requirement model of crops during their growth period and the nutrient requirement model per unit output.

[0039] This method is suitable for crops grown under drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, such as wheat, cotton, sugar beet, corn and other crops. A fertilizer requirement model for the crop growth period is established based on the fertilizer requirement rules of crops at different stages, and a nutrient requirement model is established based on the unit yield of different crops.

[0040] 102. According to the differences in regional crops and ecological environment, the utilization efficiency of different fertilizers and the soil nutrient supply capacity in the region are studied, and soil data are collected.

[0041] A database is established based on different regional crops and ecological environments, and soil data in the region is collected and stored. Then, the fertilizer utilization efficiency in different regions is studied. At the same time, the soil nutrient supply capacity in the region is studied based on the type and content of fertilizers contained in the soil.

[0042] 103. The amount of fertilizer to be applied during the entire growth period of the crop is calculated based on the fertilizer utilization efficiency of the crop type, the soil nutrient supply capacity and the fertilizer requirement of the crop during the entire growth period.

[0043] Determine the crop type, then import the nutrient fertilizer requirement model and nutrient demand model needed by the crop, set the magic table yield and generate the fertilizer requirement for the crop throughout its growth period, and then generate the fertilizer application amount for the crop throughout its growth period based on the fertilizer utilization efficiency of the crop in the area, the soil nutrient supply capacity and the fertilizer requirement for the crop throughout its growth period.

[0044] 104. Generate topdressing and base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information based on basic fertilizer data and fertilizer application amount during the whole growth period of crops.

[0045] The basic data information of fertilizer is taken as input, such as fertilizer type, price, base fertilizer ratio and other data information, and then combined with the fertilizer application amount during the entire growth period of the crop, the topdressing, base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information of the current crop are generated.

[0046] 105. Generate a crop fertilization plan based on the frequency and time data of irrigation, combined with the fertilizer requirement model of the crop growth period, topdressing, base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information.

[0047] Input irrigation frequency and time data, and combine it with the fertilizer requirement model, topdressing, base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information during the crop growth period to form a crop fertilization plan.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0049] First, by testing the nutrient content of soil samples, building a crop nutrient demand model, and studying the nutrient demand per unit yield, a drip irrigation planting model was constructed based on the crop target yield, water-saving drip irrigation frequency, and fertilizer type unit price. A fertilizer calculation model for the entire growth period required for drip irrigation was generated based on different soil structures and crop needs, which greatly reduced the pollution of excessive fertilization to crops and the environment.

[0050] Second, by studying the fertilizer requirements of different crops, combining soil nutrient test data, setting target yields, entering fertilizer types, fertilizer unit prices, and irrigation frequency, and calculating through models, the corresponding crop water-saving drip irrigation fertilization plan and input costs can be generated.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides another method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of crops, the method comprising the following steps:

[0053] 201. According to the fertilizer requirement rules of corresponding crops, a fertilizer requirement model for crops during their growth period and a nutrient requirement model for unit yield are established.

[0054] 202. Research the crops and ecological environment in the corresponding area and generate parameter data.

[0055] Research is conducted based on suitable crops and ecological environments in different regions, parameter data is generated based on the research data, the plots are numbered and correspond to the crops and ecological environments respectively, and relevant data of the plots are analyzed, such as the types of crops planted in the plots, yields, climate environment, etc., and corresponding parameter data is generated.

[0056] 203. Calculate the utilization efficiency of different fertilizers and the soil nutrient supply capacity in the corresponding area based on the generated parameter data.

[0057] Based on the parameter data within the regional range, the utilization efficiency of different fertilizers and the soil nutrient supply capacity in the corresponding area are calculated and the parameter data are formed.

[0058] 204. The soil nutrient data of the corresponding plot is obtained by sampling and testing the soil.

[0059] The soil in different areas is manually sampled, tested and analyzed to obtain the soil nutrient data of the corresponding plots.

[0060] 205. Select the crop type and import the nutrient requirement model and unit yield nutrient requirement model corresponding to the crop fertilizer requirement law.

[0061] Select and determine the crop type, and then import the N / P / K and other nutrient fertilizer requirement models corresponding to the crop's fertilizer requirement rules and the N / P / K and other nutrient demand models per unit yield according to the crop type.

[0062] 206. Set the target yield and generate the fertilizer requirement for the crop throughout its growth period based on the unit yield nutrient requirement model.

[0063] The target yield of the crop is preset, and the fertilizer requirement for the crop throughout its growth period is calculated based on the crop's unit yield N / P / K and other nutrient requirement models.

[0064] 207. Select a growing area, import the fertilizer utilization efficiency, soil nutrient supply capacity and fertilizer requirement of the crop during the entire growth period of the area to generate the fertilizer application amount for the crop during the entire growth period.

[0065] Determine the growing area of ​​the crop, and then calculate the amount of fertilizer to be applied during the entire growth period of the crop based on the fertilizer utilization efficiency, soil nutrient supply capacity and fertilizer requirement of the crop in the entire growth period. In addition, calculate the amount of fertilizer required at different times based on the growth cycle of the crop.

[0066] 208. Import data on fertilizer types, prices, and topdressing and basal fertilizer ratios.

[0067] Import fertilizer types, prices, and topdressing and basal fertilizer ratio data information based on current market conditions.

[0068] 209. Generate data information on the types, amounts and costs of topdressing and base fertilizers based on the amount of fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of the crop.

[0069] The amount of fertilizer applied during the entire growth period of the crop is combined with the fertilizer type, price, and the ratio of topdressing to base fertilizer, and the type, amount, and cost of topdressing and base fertilizer are calculated to form a crop fertilization plan.

[0070] 210. Combine the crop fertilization plan with the base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data to generate a fertilization plan for drip irrigation crops throughout their growth period.

[0071] According to the crop fertilization plan, combined with the base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information, the fertilization plan for the entire growth period of drip irrigation crops is calculated, which includes data information such as the type of fertilizer, fertilizer amount, fertilizer price range, and fertilization method at fixed times.

[0072] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of crops, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: According to the fertilizer requirement law of corresponding crops, the fertilizer requirement model of crops during their growth period and the nutrient requirement model per unit yield were established; Study the utilization efficiency of different fertilizers and soil nutrient supply capacity in the region according to the different regional crops and ecological environment, and collect soil data; Generate the fertilizer application amount for the whole growth period of the crop based on the fertilizer utilization efficiency of the crop type, the soil nutrient supply capacity and the fertilizer requirement of the crop during the whole growth period; Generate topdressing and base fertilizer types, dosage and cost data information based on basic fertilizer data and fertilizer application amount during the whole growth period of crops; A crop fertilization plan is generated based on the frequency and time data of irrigation, and combined with the fertilizer requirement model, topdressing, base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information during the crop growth period.

2. The method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the whole growth period of crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The research on the utilization efficiency of different fertilizers and the soil nutrient supply capacity in the region according to the different regional crops and ecological environment, and the soil data collection includes: Conduct research and generate parameter data on crops and ecological environment in the corresponding area; Calculate the utilization efficiency of different fertilizers and the soil nutrient supply capacity in the corresponding area based on the generated parameter data; The soil nutrient data of the corresponding plot is obtained by soil sampling and testing.

3. The method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the whole growth period of crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of generating the fertilizer application amount for the whole growth period of the crop according to the fertilizer utilization efficiency of the crop type, the soil nutrient supply capacity and the fertilizer requirement of the crop during the whole growth period includes: Select the crop type, import the nutrient fertilizer requirement model corresponding to the crop fertilizer requirement law and the unit yield nutrient requirement model; Set target yield and generate fertilizer requirement for crops throughout their growth period based on the nutrient requirement model per unit yield; Select a growing area, import the fertilizer utilization efficiency, soil nutrient supply capacity and fertilizer requirement of the crop during its entire growth period, and generate the fertilizer application amount for the crop during its entire growth period.

4. The method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the whole growth period of crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data information on the types, amounts and costs of topdressing and base fertilizer generated according to the basic data information of fertilizers and the amount of fertilizer applied during the whole growth period of crops includes: Import data on fertilizer types, prices, and topdressing and base fertilizer ratios; Generate topdressing, base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data information based on fertilizer application during the entire growth period of the crop.

5. A method for calculating soil testing and fertilization during the entire growth period of crops according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Combine the crop fertilization plan with the base fertilizer type, dosage and cost data to generate a fertilization plan for drip irrigation crops throughout their growth period.

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