Production method of small-caliber casing with high strength and high water permeability

Abstract

The invention relates to a production method of a small-caliber casing with high strength and high water permeability. The production method comprises the following steps: selecting raw materials; rotating hub treatment; rotating hub cleaning; aging the pickled skin; preparing collagen mucilage; preparing a crude collagen colloid; aging the colloid; homogenizing and filtering; a drying slot is added; mixing a pore-forming agent; and high-speed casing extrusion. The method has the advantages that the uniform and stable collagen colloid is prepared after the two-layer cowhide is treated and cleaned by the rotating hub, the pore-forming agent is added into the environment-sealed mixer, the CO2 gas is slowly and uniformly introduced, and is subjected to high-speed shearing and refining in the colloid during introduction, so that the gas is uniformly distributed in the colloid; uniform micropores are formed in the dried casing, so that the water permeability of the casing is improved, the volatilization of internal moisture during casing production and the drying of moisture during sausage production are facilitated, and the quality of the casing is ensured; and through high-speed extrusion production and special drying conditions, the consistent fiber orientation is ensured, and the high strength of the casing is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of food, and in particular to a method for producing a high-strength, high-water-permeable small-caliber casing. Background Art

[0002] The current technology mainly improves the strength of sausage casings by adding or replacing raw materials. For example, Chinese patent CN114568479 A discloses a method for preparing high-strength, low-heat shrinkage collagen sausage casings. The method mainly achieves high strength and low heat shrinkage of sausage casings by replacing the type of cross-linking agent with glutamine aminotransferase instead of glutaraldehyde, and adding polysaccharides such as chitosan. It is usually aimed at the preparation of large-caliber sausage casings.

[0003] The present invention is mainly aimed at small-caliber products (10, 11, 12), which are mainly used for the production of small sausages. The small-caliber casings not only need to have high strength to meet the filling requirements of customers, but also need to have good water permeability to ensure that the products can be dried quickly; in addition, the production of small-caliber casings also faces challenges, because the caliber is small and the casing is thick, and it is difficult for the water in the casing to fully evaporate, which has a great impact on the performance of the casing. It is necessary to provide a production method of high-strength, high-permeability small-caliber casings. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for producing high-strength, high-permeability small-caliber casings, which can solve the problems in the prior art that small-caliber casings cannot have good permeability while having high strength, the products cannot be dried quickly, and the water in the casings is difficult to fully volatilize during production.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: comprising the following steps: S1. Raw material selection: Select high-quality second-layer cowhide; S2. Hub treatment: Use alkaline protease to treat the split leather in the hub, decalcify with ammonium sulfate and citric acid, and then use citric acid and sodium citrate buffer, the liquid ratio is 100%, add 0.6% citric acid and 0.8% sodium citrate to the weight of the cowhide, and control the pH to 5; S3. Hub cleaning: Use process chilled water to fully clean, control the conductivity <200u, and cool the cowhide; S4, acid skin aging: take out the acid skin and age it in a cold storage to make it fully swell; S5. Preparation of collagen slurry: cut the second layer of leather into 8 mm pieces and grind them several times to obtain collagen slurry; S6. Preparation of crude collagen colloid: mixing collagen slurry and acid water in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain crude collagen colloid; S7, colloid aging: let the colloid stand for aging during filling to allow it to fully swell; S8, homogenization and filtration: homogenize by a homogenizer, then pass through a filter to finally obtain a uniform and stable collagen colloid; S9. Add drying slots: Install small-caliber special slots on the basis of the original drying track; S10, mixing pore-forming agent: before extrusion, introduce pore-forming agent into the sealed mixer, directly introduce CO2, and mix evenly. When introducing, it is necessary to undergo high-speed shearing in the colloid so that the CO2 gas is evenly distributed in the colloid, so that uniform micropores are formed on the dried casing; S11. High-speed extrusion of casings: set the extrusion speed to above 9000m / h, dry bulb temperature to 78℃, wet bulb temperature to 28℃, wind pressure to 720Pa, and extrude the dry casings to obtain the final high-strength, highly permeable small-caliber collagen casings.

[0006] Furthermore, in the step S2, the alkaline protease liquid ratio is 100%, the addition ratio to the weight of the cowhide is 0.8-1L / 1000kg, and the alkaline protease is Novo protease.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S2, during the decalcification treatment, water is added to a liquid ratio of 60%, ammonium sulfate is added at 0.4-0.6% of the weight of the cowhide, and citric acid is added at 0.4-0.6% of the weight of the cowhide to reduce the pH from 12 to 9.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S10, the flow rate of CO2 introduced is 2L / h-4L / h.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S6, the acid water refers to a hydrochloric acid solution with a pH value of 2.

[0010] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: after the second layer of cowhide is processed and cleaned by a rotating hub, a uniform and stable collagen colloid is prepared, a pore-forming agent is added to an environmentally sealed mixer before extrusion, and CO2 is directly introduced. The CO2 gas is introduced slowly and evenly, and is subjected to high-speed shearing and refinement in the colloid during the introduction, so that the CO2 gas is evenly distributed in the colloid. During drying, as the water evaporates, the gas in the colloid needs to escape, thereby forming uniform pores on the casing. Without affecting the performance of the casing, uniform micropores are formed on the casing after drying, thereby improving the water permeability of the casing, facilitating the volatilization of internal water during the production of the casing, and drying of water during the production of sausages, thereby ensuring the quality of the casing. On the basis of the original drying track, a special slot for small diameter is installed to help small diameter casings to be more stably suspended in the track during production. In addition, the heat energy of the drying gas will be more fully utilized, thus improving the drying efficiency. Through high-speed extrusion production, with a speed of more than 9000m / h, and special drying conditions, the casing is dried quickly, ensuring consistent fiber orientation and ensuring that the casing has high strength to meet filling requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is an electron microscope comparison of the casing surfaces produced by Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a comparison diagram of sausages processed with casings made in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. The following embodiments can enable technicians in this field to understand the present invention more comprehensively, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.

[0013] This specific implementation adopts the following technical solution: a method for producing high-strength, high-permeability small-caliber casings, comprising the following steps: S1. Raw material selection: Select high-quality second-layer cowhide.

[0014] S2. Hub treatment: Use alkaline protease to treat the second layer of leather in the hub. The alkaline protease liquid ratio is 100%, and the addition ratio to the weight of cowhide is 0.8-1L / 1000kg. The alkaline protease is Novo protease.

[0015] After treatment, use ammonium sulfate and citric acid for decalcification, add water to a 60% liquid ratio, add 0.4-0.6% of the weight of the cowhide to ammonium sulfate, and add 0.4-0.6% of the weight of the cowhide to citric acid, so that the pH drops from 12 to 9; Then use citric acid and sodium citrate as buffer, with a liquid ratio of 100%, add 0.6% citric acid and 0.8% sodium citrate to the weight of the cowhide, and control the pH to 5.

[0016] S3. Hub cleaning: Use process chilled water to fully clean, control the conductivity <200u, and cool the cowhide.

[0017] S4. Acid skin aging: Take out the acid skin and age it in a cold storage to allow it to fully swell.

[0018] S5. Preparation of collagen slurry: cut the second layer of leather into 8mm pieces and grind them several times to obtain collagen slurry.

[0019] S6. Preparation of crude collagen colloid: Collagen slurry and acid water are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain crude collagen colloid; acid water refers to a hydrochloric acid solution with a pH of 2.

[0020] S7. Colloid aging: Allow the colloid to age during filling to allow the colloid to fully swell.

[0021] S8. Homogenization and filtration: Homogenize by a homogenizer and then pass through a filter to finally obtain a uniform and stable collagen colloid.

[0022] S9. Add drying slots: On the basis of the original drying track, install special small-caliber slots. Use track slots to ensure the stability of small-caliber casing production and improve the hot air drying efficiency. For the specific structure of the track slots, please refer to patent CN202322948474.6, a small-size casing drying track slot.

[0023] S10. Mixing pore-forming agent: In a sealed mixer before extrusion, introduce pore-forming agent and directly introduce CO2 for uniform mixing. The flow rate of CO2 is 2L / h-4L / h. When introducing CO2, it is necessary to undergo high-speed shearing in the colloid so that the CO2 gas is evenly distributed in the colloid, so as to form uniform micropores on the dried casing.

[0024] S11. High-speed extrusion of casings: set the extrusion speed to above 9000m / h, dry bulb temperature to 78℃, wet bulb temperature to 28℃, wind pressure to 720Pa, and extrude the dry casings to obtain the final high-strength, highly permeable small-caliber collagen casings.

[0025] Example 1: According to the above method, a high-strength, high-permeability small-caliber casing is produced, wherein in step S2, the addition ratio is 1L / 1000kg of the weight of the cowhide, ammonium sulfate is added to 0.6% of the weight of the cowhide, and citric acid is added to 0.6% of the weight of the cowhide; In step S10, the flow rate of CO2 is 2 L / h.

[0026] Comparative Example 1: The other steps of Comparative Example 1 are the same as those of Example 1, except that in step S10, the flow rate of CO2 introduced is 5 L / h.

[0027] Comparative Example 2: Small-caliber casings commonly used in the market.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, from left to right are surface electron microscope comparison pictures of small-caliber casings prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. Uniform micropores are formed on the casing prepared in Example 1, which improves the water permeability of the casing.

[0029] The casing prepared in Comparative Example 1 had poor filling performance due to too high an amount of CO2 added, and pores and damage were formed on the casing; the casing prepared in Comparative Example 2 had no uniform micropores and poor water permeability.

[0030] The casings prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were used to stuff sausages. The success rate of stuffing sausages and the time required for drying are shown in Table 1.

[0031] Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Filling success rate 100% 70% 100% Drying conditions 60℃*3h 60℃*2.5h 60℃*6h Table 1 From the above, it can be seen that the casing prepared in Example 1 meets the production requirements and can greatly improve the drying efficiency of sausages. The casing prepared in Comparative Example 1 has a low filling success rate, and the casing prepared in Comparative Example 2 takes a long time to dry when processing sausages, and has a low drying efficiency. Figure 2 As shown, from left to right are the actual comparison pictures of sausages processed by casings made in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2.

[0032] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for producing high-strength, high-permeability small-caliber casings, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material selection: Select high-quality second-layer cowhide; S2. Hub treatment: Use alkaline protease to treat the split leather in the hub, decalcify with ammonium sulfate and citric acid, and then use citric acid and sodium citrate buffer, the liquid ratio is 100%, add 0.6% citric acid and 0.8% sodium citrate to the weight of the cowhide, and control the pH to 5; S3. Hub cleaning: Use process chilled water to fully clean, control the conductivity <200u, and cool the cowhide; S4, acid skin aging: take out the acid skin and age it in a cold storage to make it fully swell; S5. Preparation of collagen slurry: cut the second layer of leather into 8 mm pieces and grind them several times to obtain collagen slurry; S6. Preparation of crude collagen colloid: mixing collagen slurry and acid water in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain crude collagen colloid; S7, colloid aging: let the colloid stand for aging during filling to allow it to fully swell; S8, homogenization and filtration: homogenize by a homogenizer, then pass through a filter to finally obtain a uniform and stable collagen colloid; S9. Add drying slots: Install small-caliber special slots on the basis of the original drying track; S10, mixing pore-forming agent: before extrusion, introduce pore-forming agent into the sealed mixer, directly introduce CO2, and mix evenly. When introducing, it is necessary to undergo high-speed shearing in the colloid so that the CO2 gas is evenly distributed in the colloid, so that uniform micropores are formed on the dried casing; S11. High-speed extrusion of casings: set the extrusion speed to above 9000m / h, dry bulb temperature to 78℃, wet bulb temperature to 28℃, wind pressure to 720Pa, and extrude the dry casings to obtain the final high-strength, highly permeable small-caliber collagen casings.

2. The method for producing a high-strength, high-permeability small-caliber sausage casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the alkaline protease liquid ratio is 100%, and the addition ratio to the weight of the cowhide is 0.8-1L / 1000kg, and the alkaline protease is Novo protease.

3. The method for producing a high-strength, high-permeability small-caliber sausage casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, during the decalcification treatment, water is added to a liquid ratio of 60%, ammonium sulfate is added at 0.4-0.6% of the weight of the cowhide, and citric acid is added at 0.4-0.6% of the weight of the cowhide to reduce the pH from 12 to 9.

4. The method for producing a high-strength, high-permeability small-caliber sausage casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S10, the flow rate of CO2 introduced is 2L / h-4L / h.

5. The method for producing a high-strength, high-permeability small-caliber sausage casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the acid water refers to a hydrochloric acid solution with a pH of 2.

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