Electric wide-body vehicle and thermal management system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal management system, in particular to an electric wide-body vehicle and a thermal management system thereof, and the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle comprises a cab air conditioning system, a power battery, a heat exchanger and a brake resistor electrically connected with an electrical system; a refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with an expansion valve and then is connected to a refrigerant circulation loop of a cab air conditioning system; the brake resistor is arranged in a cooling liquid flow channel in the heat exchanger; and a cooling liquid flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with a liquid cooling flow channel of the battery liquid cooling pump and a liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery to form a battery liquid cooling circulation loop. The brake resistor is arranged in the cooling liquid flow channel of the heat exchanger, the power battery is heated at the initial stage of starting of the vehicle, or the brake resistor is used for heating of an air conditioner, electric energy generated by braking of a motor is consumed by braking and is fully utilized, and the utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a thermal management system, and more particularly to an electric wide-body vehicle and a thermal management system thereof. Background Art

[0002] A wide-body mining dump truck refers to a dump truck that has been widened and strengthened with a frame, carriage, and suspension to meet the transportation needs of mining areas or other special places. It is referred to as a wide-body truck. It is a heavy-duty transport machinery used in open-pit mines to complete rock and earth stripping and ore transportation tasks. Its working characteristics are short distance and heavy load. It is often loaded with a large excavator and travels back and forth between the mining site and the unloading site.

[0003] Electric wide-body vehicles are generally based on traditional wide-body vehicles, but they do not use diesel engines and use electric motors and lithium batteries as power. Electric wide-body vehicles can use the point braking function to brake the vehicle and recover energy and convert it into electrical energy for storage, but when its power battery is fully charged, the power battery cannot store the electrical energy generated by the motor's reverse drag. The electrical energy generated by the motor braking must be converted into heat through the braking resistor and consumed.

[0004] Electric wide-body vehicles work in mining areas and frequently go up and downhill during operation. In order to prevent the brake resistor from being damaged due to excessive temperature due to continuous heating, the electric wide-body vehicles need to be equipped with an independent cooling system to cool the brake resistor. This method cannot effectively utilize the heat generated by the brake resistor, resulting in a waste of energy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric wide-body vehicle and a thermal management system thereof, so as to improve the heat utilization rate of the heating of the brake resistor and reduce the energy consumption of the whole vehicle.

[0006] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: a thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle, comprising a cab air conditioning system, a power battery, a heat exchanger, and a brake resistor electrically connected to the electrical system; the refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with an expansion valve and then connected to a refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air conditioning system;

[0007] The brake resistor is arranged in the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger; the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery to form a battery liquid cooling circulation loop.

[0008] In the present invention, the brake resistor is arranged in the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger, and the coolant can be used to enhance the heat dissipation of the brake resistor, thereby avoiding the problem of excessively high temperature of the brake resistor when the brake resistor is used to brake the vehicle. The cab air conditioner and battery pack are heated by controlling the heat brought out.

[0009] When a vehicle is braked using a brake resistor, the vehicle's power battery is usually fully charged and the discharge time of the power battery is short. If the vehicle is operating in a cold environment, the power battery temperature is low and may be lower than the ideal discharge temperature range of the power battery. At this time, the heat generated by the brake resistor can be used to heat the power battery through the coolant, so that the power battery can quickly heat up to the ideal temperature at the initial stage of vehicle driving.

[0010] When the power battery is continuously discharged, the power stored in the power battery decreases, and the temperature of the power battery increases due to the continuous discharge. At this time, when the vehicle uses the drive motor to brake, the electric energy generated by the drive motor can be recovered and stored in the power battery, instead of being converted into heat energy for consumption through the brake resistor. At this time, the brake resistor basically does not generate heat, and the power battery can exchange heat through the oil cooler and the heat exchanger, and the cab air conditioner can be used to dissipate heat and cool the power battery.

[0011] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the thermal management system also includes an electrical liquid cooling system; at least one end of the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger after being connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump is connected to the liquid cooling heat dissipation core and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery in the electrical liquid cooling system through a multi-way solenoid valve.

[0012] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the multi-way solenoid valve includes a liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve whose liquid outlet end is connected to the liquid inlet end of the battery liquid cooling pump and / or a liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve whose liquid inlet end is connected to the liquid outlet end of the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger.

[0013] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the electrical liquid cooling system includes a controller, a motor, and an electrical liquid cooling pump. The liquid cooling channels of the controller and the motor, the electrical liquid cooling pump, and the liquid cooling heat dissipation core are connected in series to form an electrical liquid cooling circulation loop.

[0014] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the thermal management system further comprises a one-way valve, and one liquid outlet of the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling core in the electric liquid cooling system through the one-way valve.

[0015] In the thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the pump port of the electric liquid cooling pump is communicated with the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling heat dissipation core.

[0016] In the thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the liquid cooling channel of the controller and the liquid cooling channel of the motor are connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0017] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, a water heater is provided in the evaporator of the cab air conditioning system, the coolant inlet of the heating flow channel of the water heater is connected to a liquid outlet of the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve, and the coolant outlet of the heating flow channel of the water heater is connected to a liquid inlet of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve.

[0018] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, a water heater may also be provided in the evaporator of the cab air conditioning system, and the two ends of the coolant flow channel formed by connecting the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger in series with the battery liquid cooling pump are respectively connected to the heating flow channel of the water heater and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery through a multi-way solenoid valve.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention to achieve its purpose is: an electric wide-body vehicle having the above-mentioned electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, a brake resistor is arranged in the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger to heat up the power battery at the initial start of the vehicle or for air conditioning heating. In addition to achieving braking consumption, the electric energy generated by the motor braking can also be fully utilized to improve the utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system of an electric wide-body vehicle in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the thermal management system of an electric wide-body vehicle in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Parts names and serial numbers in the figure:

[0025] Air conditioning compressor 1, condenser 2, evaporator 3, evaporator core 31, water heater 32, first expansion valve 4, second expansion valve 5, battery liquid cooling pump 6, heat exchanger 7, brake resistor 8, liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9, power battery 10, liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11, controller and motor 12, electrical liquid cooling pump 13, liquid cooling heat dissipation core 14, three-way connector 15, and one-way valve 16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific implementation scheme is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Embodiment 1.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle includes a cab air conditioning system, a power battery 10, a heat exchanger 7, and a brake resistor 8 electrically connected to the electrical system; the refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with the expansion valve and then connected to the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air conditioning system.

[0029] The brake resistor 8 is arranged in the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7; the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump 6 and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery 10 to form a battery liquid cooling circulation loop.

[0030] The electrical system includes a variety of controllers, motors, etc. The motors are used to drive the vehicle to move, drive hydraulic pumps, etc. The controllers include motor controllers and all-in-one controllers. The controller is used to control the start and braking of each motor. The braking resistor 8 is electrically connected to the controller. When the vehicle uses the travel motor to brake the vehicle, the travel motor generates electrical energy by reverse drag. When the SOC of the power battery 10 is less than a predetermined value, the electrical energy generated by the travel motor during braking can be stored in the power battery 10 for recovery. When the power battery is fully charged, the electrical energy generated by the travel motor during braking is consumed in the form of heat energy through the braking resistor 8.

[0031] The cab air conditioning system includes an air conditioning compressor 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, etc. The refrigerant flow channel of the evaporator core 31 in the evaporator 3 is connected in series with the first expansion valve 4, and the refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with the second expansion valve 5. The evaporator core 31 is connected in series with the first expansion valve 4 and then connected in parallel with the heat exchanger 7 and the second expansion valve 5 connected in series, and is connected with the condenser 2 and the air conditioning compressor 1 to form an air conditioning refrigerant circulation loop.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the power battery 10 is in a fully charged state and the vehicle uses the travel motor for motor braking, the electric energy generated by the travel motor needs to be consumed and converted into heat by the braking resistor 8. At this time, the cab air-conditioning system can be turned on and the first expansion valve 4 and the second expansion valve 5 can be controlled to allow the refrigerant to flow through the heat exchanger 7 to take away the heat generated by the braking resistor 8, so that the braking resistor 8 can be quickly cooled to avoid overheating damage.

[0033] If the vehicle is operating in a cold area with low ambient temperature, the power battery 10 has a low temperature due to the short discharge time in the early stage of the operation. At this time, the battery liquid cooling pump 6 can be started to allow the coolant heated by the brake resistor 8 to flow through the power battery 10, thereby heating the power battery 10 and rapidly raising the temperature of the power battery 10 to its operating temperature range, thereby realizing the reuse of the heat energy generated by the brake resistor 8.

[0034] When the brake resistor 8 does not consume the electric energy generated by the travel motor braking, if the power battery 10 needs to dissipate heat and cool down, the battery liquid cooling pump 6 and the cab air conditioning system are started, driving the coolant to flow in the circulation loop formed by the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7, the coolant flow channel of the power battery 10 and the battery liquid cooling pump 6, taking away the heat of the power battery 10 and promoting its cooling. The air conditioning system takes away the heat of the coolant through the heat exchanger 7.

[0035] Optionally, a water heater 32 is provided in the evaporator 3, and the water heater 32 is connected to the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 through a pipeline. Figure 1 As shown, the outlet of the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected to the outlet of the coolant flow channel, and the inlet of the battery liquid cooling pump is connected to the inlet of the liquid multi-way solenoid valve 11. The inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 and the outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 are both three-way solenoid valves. The inlet of the outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 is connected to the outlet of the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7, and the two outlets are respectively connected to the heating flow channel inlet of the water heater 32 and the cooling flow channel inlet of the power battery 10. The outlet of the inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the inlet of the battery liquid cooling pump 6, and the two inlets of the inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 are respectively connected to the heating flow channel outlet of the water heater 32 and the cooling flow channel outlet of the power battery 10. By controlling the inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 and the outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9, the heat generated by the brake resistor can be used to heat the cab.

[0036] In the above embodiment, one of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 and the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 may also be replaced by a three-way connector.

[0037] Embodiment 2.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle includes a cab air-conditioning system, a power battery 10, a heat exchanger 7, a brake resistor 8 electrically connected to the electrical system, and an electrical liquid cooling system; the refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with the expansion valve and then connected to the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air-conditioning system.

[0039] The brake resistor 8 is arranged in the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7; the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump 6 and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery 10 to form a battery liquid cooling circulation loop.

[0040] The electrical liquid cooling system includes a controller, a motor 12, and an electrical liquid cooling pump 9. The liquid cooling channel of the controller and the liquid cooling channel of the motor are connected in series and / or in parallel. The coolant flow channels of the controller and the motor 12, the electrical liquid cooling pump 13, and the liquid cooling heat sink 14 are connected to form a circulation loop of the electrical liquid cooling system, wherein the pump port of the electrical liquid cooling pump 13 is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling heat sink 14.

[0041] The controller includes a motor controller and an all-in-one controller, etc. The motor includes a travel motor for driving the vehicle to travel, that is, for driving the hydraulic pump. The controller is used to control the start and braking of each motor. The braking resistor is electrically connected to the controller. When the vehicle uses the travel motor to brake the vehicle, the travel motor generates electrical energy by reverse drag. When the SOC of the power battery is less than a predetermined value, the electrical energy generated by the travel motor during braking can be stored in the power battery for recovery. When the power battery is fully charged, the electrical energy generated by the travel motor during braking is consumed in the form of heat energy through the braking resistor.

[0042] The cab air conditioning system includes an air conditioning compressor 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, etc. The refrigerant flow channel of the evaporator core in the evaporator 3 is connected in series with the first expansion valve 4, and the refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with the second expansion valve 5. After the evaporator core is connected in series with the first expansion valve 4, it is connected in parallel with the heat exchanger 7 and the second expansion valve 5 connected in series, and is connected with the condenser 2 and the air conditioning compressor 1 to form an air conditioning refrigerant circulation loop.

[0043] The outlet of the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected to the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9, and the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the liquid inlet of the battery liquid cooling pump 6. The liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 and the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 are both three-way solenoid valves, and the liquid inlet of the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 is connected to the outlet of the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7, one of the liquid outlets is connected to the cooling flow channel inlet of the power battery 10, and the other liquid outlet is connected to the three-way joint 15 of the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling heat dissipation core 14 through a one-way valve 16, and the three-way joint 15 is also connected to the pump port of the electric liquid cooling pump 13.

[0044] The liquid outlet of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the liquid inlet of the battery liquid cooling pump 6, one of the liquid inlets is connected to the three-way joint 15 of the coolant outlet of the liquid cooling heat dissipation core 14, and the three-way joint 15 is also connected to the inlet of the coolant flow channel of the controller and the motor 12; the other liquid inlet of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the coolant outlet of the power battery 10.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the power battery 10 is in a fully charged state and the vehicle uses the travel motor for motor braking, the electric energy generated by the travel motor needs to be consumed and converted into heat by the braking resistor 8. At this time, the cab air-conditioning system can be turned on and the first expansion valve 4 and the second expansion valve 5 can be controlled to allow the refrigerant to flow through the heat exchanger 7 to take away the heat generated by the braking resistor 8, so that the braking resistor 8 can be quickly cooled to avoid overheating damage.

[0046] If the vehicle is operating in a cold area with low ambient temperature, the power battery 10 has a low temperature due to the short discharge time in the early stage of the operation. At this time, the battery liquid cooling pump 6 can be started to allow the coolant heated by the brake resistor 8 to flow through the power battery 10, thereby heating the power battery 10 and rapidly raising the temperature of the power battery 10 to its operating temperature range, thereby realizing the reuse of the heat energy generated by the brake resistor.

[0047] When the brake resistor 8 does not consume the electric energy generated by the travel motor braking, if the power battery 10 needs to dissipate heat and cool down, the battery liquid cooling pump 6 and the cab air conditioning system are started, driving the coolant to flow in the circulation loop formed by the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7, the coolant flow channel of the power battery 10 and the battery liquid cooling pump 6, taking away the heat of the power battery 10 and promoting its cooling. The air conditioning system takes away the heat of the coolant through the heat exchanger 7.

[0048] The heat generated by the brake resistor 8 being energized can also be dissipated by controlling the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9, the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 and the battery liquid cooling pump 6, so that the coolant flowing through the heat exchanger 7 flows through the liquid cooling heat sink core 14, and the liquid cooling heat sink core 14 is used to assist the brake resistor 8 in dissipating heat.

[0049] Embodiment three.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, compared with the second embodiment, in the thermal management system for electric wide-body vehicles in this embodiment, the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 and the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 are four-way valves, and a water heater 32 is provided in the evaporator 3 of the cab air conditioning system. The third liquid outlet of the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 is connected to the heating flow channel inlet of the water heater 32, and the third liquid inlet of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the heating flow channel outlet of the water heater 32. By controlling the battery liquid cooling pump 6, the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 and the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11, the cab air conditioning system can use the heat generated by the brake resistor 8 to heat the cab.

[0051] Embodiment 4.

[0052] This embodiment discloses an electric wide-body vehicle, which has the electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system of the first, second or third embodiment.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle, comprising a cab air conditioning system, a power battery, It is characterized in that It also includes a heat exchanger and a brake resistor electrically connected to the electrical system; the refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the expansion valve and then connected to the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air conditioning system; The brake resistor is arranged in the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger; the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery to form a battery liquid cooling circulation loop.

2. According to claim 1, the thermal management system for electric wide-body vehicles, It is characterized in that The thermal management system also includes an electrical liquid cooling system; after the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump, at least one end of the flow channel is connected to the liquid cooling heat dissipation core in the electrical liquid cooling system and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery through a multi-way solenoid valve.

3. According to claim 2, the thermal management system for electric wide-body vehicles, It is characterized in that The multi-way solenoid valve includes a liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve whose liquid outlet end is connected to the liquid inlet end of the battery liquid cooling pump and / or a liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve whose liquid inlet end is connected to the liquid outlet end of the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger.

4. According to claim 3, the thermal management system for electric wide-body vehicles, It is characterized in that The electrical liquid cooling system comprises a controller, a motor and an electrical liquid cooling pump. The liquid cooling channels of the controller and the motor, the electrical liquid cooling pump and the liquid cooling heat sink are connected in series to form an electrical liquid cooling circulation loop.

5. According to claim 4, the thermal management system for electric wide-body vehicles, It is characterized in that The thermal management system also includes a one-way valve, and one liquid outlet of the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling heat dissipation core in the electrical liquid cooling system through the one-way valve.

6. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The pump port of the electric liquid cooling pump is communicated with the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling heat dissipation core.

7. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The liquid cooling channel of the controller and the liquid cooling channel of the motor are connected in series and / or in parallel.

8. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to any one of claims 3 to 7, It is characterized in that A water heater is provided in the evaporator of the cab air conditioning system, the coolant inlet of the water heater heating flow channel is connected to a liquid outlet of the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve, and the coolant outlet of the water heater heating flow channel is connected to a liquid inlet of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve.

9. The thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A water heater is provided in the evaporator of the cab air conditioning system. The two ends of the coolant flow channel formed by connecting the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger in series with the battery liquid cooling pump are connected to the heating flow channel of the water heater and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery through a multi-way solenoid valve.

10. An electric wide-body vehicle, It is characterized in that An electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images