Soil conditioner as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly discloses a soil conditioner as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The soil improvement agent specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of landscaping waste, 8-12 parts of kitchen garbage, 0.05-0.25 part of a complex microbial inoculant and 2-6 parts of a stabilizer, the complex microbial inoculant is composed of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus pasteurii with the viable count ratio of (3-5): (1-3): (0.5-1.5); the viable count of the complex microbial inoculant is greater than or equal to 8 billion / g; the stabilizer is composed of liquid water glass and active calcium in a weight ratio of 9: (1-5). By utilizing the technical scheme provided by the invention, the soil conditioner which is rich in nutrient substance content and high in total humic acid and water-soluble humic acid content is obtained, and the soil conditioner can be used for soil improvement in scenes such as urban gardens, park green lands, household gardening and agricultural planting, so that the soil quality is improved, and the plant growth environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular to a soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the quality of garden planting soil is crucial to the growth of plants. However, with the acceleration of urbanization, garden soil is often affected by various factors, such as soil compaction and decreased fertility. Although traditional soil improvement methods can improve soil conditions to a certain extent, the effect is limited and may introduce new environmental problems. Therefore, the development of an efficient and environmentally friendly garden planting soil improvement method has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0004] The present application provides a soil conditioner, which specifically includes the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of garden waste, 8-12 parts of kitchen waste, 0.15-0.25 parts of composite bacterial agent, and 2-6 parts of stabilizer; The composite bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus in a live bacterial count ratio of 3-5:1-3:0.5-1.5; the live bacterial count of the composite bacterial agent is ≥8 billion / g; The stabilizer consists of liquid water glass and active calcium in a weight ratio of 9:1-5.

[0005] The present application utilizes a composite bacterial agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus with a live bacteria count ratio of 3-5:1-3:0.5-1.5, and simultaneously uses liquid water glass and active calcium with a weight ratio of 9:1-5 as a stabilizer, to ferment landscaping waste and kitchen waste, thereby obtaining a soil conditioner rich in nutrients and high in total humic acid and water-soluble humic acid content, which effectively improves the balance of soil microecological environment, enhances soil fertilizer and water retention capacity, and reduces the risk of soil compaction.

[0006] In the technical solution provided by the present application, the garden waste contains a large amount of cellulose and lignin, and the kitchen waste is rich in active substances such as protein and amino acids. The mixed compost of the two is the source of high-quality biological humic acid. The present application uses garden waste and kitchen waste as raw material carriers, and then ferments and composts them together, so that organic waste can be used as a resource; at the same time, garden waste and kitchen waste are used as the source of biological humic acid for soil conditioners, which are rich in nutrients and safe, so that the soil conditioner has better quality and characteristics, and can provide better environmental conditions for plant growth and development.

[0007] By using a composite bacterial agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus to ferment landscaping waste and kitchen waste, the organic matter content and humic acid content in the soil conditioner can be increased; and the mineral source substances can be ammonified by the mineralized ammonia in the kitchen waste during the fermentation process, thereby reducing the loss of nitrogen and increasing the nitrogen content in the fermentation product soil conditioner.

[0008] Liquid water glass is an alkaline liquid with high viscosity. In the above technical scheme, liquid water glass can be coated on the surface of the granular composite bacterial agent, and can react quickly with the acid in the composite bacterial agent to generate silica sol. The silica sol is evenly coated on the surface of the particles and has a cross-linking effect with the soil colloid, thereby effectively increasing the soil aggregate structure. Active calcium has a good effect on improving soil structure. By combining with liquid water glass and composite bacterial agents, other components in the soil interact with each other, which can further promote the formation of aggregate structure, enhance the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, and is very beneficial to the growth of the root system and the activity of soil microorganisms; at the same time, active calcium can also improve the water retention capacity of the soil, help reduce water evaporation and soil erosion, thereby enhancing the drought resistance and wind erosion resistance of the soil. Active calcium and liquid water glass are used as stabilizers. By using the compounding effect of the two, the dried soil conditioner can form a solid, uniform, and dense solid protective film, forming a protective effect, so that the microorganisms in the soil conditioner are protected from the influence of adverse external factors, maintain the long-term activity stability of the microorganisms, and ensure that the soil conditioner maintains the content of nutrients for a long time during storage and use.

[0009] Preferably, the soil conditioner specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of landscaping waste, 9-11 parts of kitchen waste, 0.18-0.22 parts of composite bacterial agent, and 3-5 parts of stabilizer; Preferably, the soil conditioner specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of landscaping waste, 10 parts of kitchen waste, 0.18 parts of composite bacterial agent, and 4 parts of stabilizer; Preferably, the composite bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus spp. and Bacillus pasteurianus with a live bacteria count ratio of 3.5-4.5:1.5-2.5:0.8-1.2.

[0010] Preferably, the composite bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus spp. and Bacillus pasteurianus in a live bacteria count ratio of 4:2:1.

[0011] Preferably, the stabilizer consists of liquid water glass and active calcium in a weight ratio of 9:1-5.

[0012] In some specific embodiments, the weight ratio of the liquid water glass to the active calcium can be 9:1-2, 9:1-3, 9:1-4, 9:2-3, 9:2-5, 9:3-4, 9:3-5, 9:4-5.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of the liquid water glass to the active calcium can also be 9:1, 9:2, 9:3, 9:4, or 9:5.

[0014] Through experimental analysis, it can be known that the present application uses liquid water glass and active calcium in the above weight ratio as stabilizers, which can further improve the performance of the soil conditioner and increase the nutritional content it contains.

[0015] Preferably, the active calcium is selected from one or more of calcium acetate, calcium propionate, calcium EDTA, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium sulfate, superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium citrate, calcium gluconate, calcium lactate gluconate and amino acid calcium.

[0016] Preferably, the active calcium consists of calcium superphosphate and calcium gluconate in a weight ratio of 1-5:1-5.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, the weight ratio of the superphosphate to calcium gluconate can be 1:1-3, 1:3-5, 1:1-5, 1-3:1, 3-5:1.

[0018] In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of the superphosphate to calcium gluconate can also be 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 3:1, or 5:1.

[0019] Through experimental analysis, it can be known that the present application uses superphosphate and calcium gluconate in the above weight ratio as active calcium, which can further improve the performance of the soil conditioner and increase the nutritional content it contains.

[0020] In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned soil conditioner, which specifically includes the following steps: weighing each raw material by weight, placing it in a fermentation tank, adding water to control the humidity to 40-60%, the temperature to 25-40°C, fermenting for 48-72 hours, and using a granulator for granulation and drying to obtain a soil conditioner with a particle size of 0.5-3 mm.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for improving garden soil, which uses the soil conditioner to improve the soil, and specifically includes the following steps: According to 50-80g / m 2 The soil conditioner is sprinkled into the garden soil in an amount of , stirred to disperse and turned over for bonding, and kept in a natural state for 10-15 days.

[0022] Specifically, the compost turning and gluing step is: determining the compost turning time according to the temperature rise situation, and turning the compost every day when the temperature of the compost body rises to 40-50°C.

[0023] In summary, the technical solution of this application has the following effects: The present application utilizes a composite bacterial agent composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus with a live bacteria count ratio of 3-5:1-3:0.5-1.5, and simultaneously uses liquid water glass and active calcium with a weight ratio of 9:1-5 as a stabilizer, to ferment landscaping waste and kitchen waste, thereby obtaining a soil conditioner rich in nutrients and high in total humic acid and water-soluble humic acid content, which effectively improves the balance of soil microecological environment, enhances soil fertilizer and water retention capacity, and reduces the risk of soil compaction.

[0024] The soil conditioner prepared in the present application can be used for soil improvement in urban gardens and park green spaces, and is particularly suitable for improving the survival rate of transplanted garden plants. It can also be used in home gardening, agricultural planting and other scenarios to improve soil quality and enhance the plant growth environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The landscaping waste in this application is a mixture of dead branches and leaves and large tree trunk crushed materials, which are collected and crushed together to a particle size of 0.52 cm, mixed and set aside, and the specific physical and chemical properties are: organic carbon is 271.16g / Kg, total nitrogen is 7.49g / Kg, pH is 7.55, and moisture content is 8.12%; The kitchen waste was collected from local restaurants and canteens, and its physical and chemical properties were as follows: organic carbon was 398.92 g / Kg, total nitrogen was 43.39 g / Kg, pH was 4.19, and water content was 88.37%; The deposit number of Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC NO.20464; the deposit number of Bacillus licheniformis is CGMCC No.7388; the deposit number of Bacillus pasteurianus is ATCC11859; and the deposit number of Bacillus coagulans is CGMCC NO.10221.

[0026] The remaining raw materials, reagents, solvents, etc. used in this application can be obtained commercially.

[0027] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, comparative examples and performance testing experiments. These examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed in the present application. Example

[0028] Examples 1-5 Examples 1-5 respectively provide a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.

[0029] The difference between the above embodiments is that the dosage of each component in the soil conditioner is different, as shown in Table 1.

[0030] The preparation method of the soil conditioner in the above embodiment is: Preparation of the composite bacterial agent: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus are taken according to a live bacterial count ratio of 4:2:1, and then placed in the same LB culture medium for 24 hours of culture, and a seed solution is obtained after the culture is completed; then the seed solution is inoculated into a 100L culture tank at an inoculation rate of 8% for fermentation for 30 hours. The culture medium is LB culture medium, the temperature is 32-37°C, and the culture is terminated when the bacterial count density reaches more than 100 under microscopic examination of the bacteria, the temperature is 32-37°C, and the spore production rate reaches more than 99%, thereby obtaining the composite bacterial agent.

[0031] Preparation of stabilizer: weigh 5g of superphosphate and 5g of calcium gluconate and mix them evenly to form active calcium, then take 3g of active calcium and mix them evenly with 9g of liquid water glass.

[0032] The raw materials of garden waste, kitchen waste, composite bacterial agent and stabilizer were weighed according to the weight shown in Table 1, placed in a fermentation tank (ceramic pot), water was added to control the humidity to 50%, the temperature to 25-35°C, fermented for 60 hours, granulated and dried by a granulator to obtain a soil conditioner with a particle size of 0.5-3 mm.

[0033] Table 1 The dosage of each component in the soil conditioner in Examples 1-5 Embodiment 6-9 Examples 6-9 respectively provide a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.

[0034] The difference between the above embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the types of composite bacterial agents are different, as shown below.

[0035] In Example 6, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus was 3:3:0.5.

[0036] In Example 7, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus was 5:1:1.5.

[0037] In Example 8, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus was 3.5:2.5:0.8.

[0038] In Example 9, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus was 4.5:1.5:1.2.

[0039] The other raw materials and their amounts and the preparation method of the soil conditioner in the above example are the same as those in Example 2.

[0040] Examples 10-18 Examples 10-18 respectively provide a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.

[0041] The difference between the above embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the types of stabilizers are different, as shown below.

[0042] In Example 10: Preparation of stabilizer: Weigh 5g of superphosphate and 5g of calcium gluconate and mix them evenly to form active calcium, then take 1g of active calcium and mix them evenly with 9g of liquid water glass.

[0043] In Example 11: Preparation of stabilizer: Weigh 5g of superphosphate and 5g of calcium gluconate and mix them evenly to form active calcium, then take 2g of active calcium and mix them evenly with 9g of liquid water glass.

[0044] In Example 12: Preparation of stabilizer: Weigh 5g of superphosphate and 5g of calcium gluconate and mix them evenly to form active calcium, then take 4g of active calcium and mix them evenly with 9g of liquid water glass.

[0045] In Example 13: Preparation of stabilizer: Weigh 5g of superphosphate and 5g of calcium gluconate and mix them evenly to form active calcium, then take 5g of active calcium and mix them evenly with 9g of liquid water glass.

[0046] In Example 14: Preparation of stabilizer: 5 g of calcium citrate and 5 g of calcium gluconate were weighed and mixed evenly to form active calcium, and then 3 g of active calcium was mixed evenly with 9 g of liquid water glass.

[0047] In Example 15: Preparation of stabilizer: weigh 5g of superphosphate and 5g of calcium EDTA and mix them evenly to form active calcium, then take 3g of active calcium and mix them evenly with 9g of liquid water glass.

[0048] In Example 16: Preparation of stabilizer: 8 g of superphosphate and 1 g of calcium gluconate were weighed and mixed evenly to form active calcium, and then 3 g of active calcium was mixed evenly with 9 g of liquid water glass.

[0049] In Example 17: Preparation of stabilizer: weigh 1g of superphosphate and 5g of calcium gluconate and mix them evenly to form active calcium, then take 3g of active calcium and mix them evenly with 9g of liquid water glass.

[0050] In Example 18: Preparation of stabilizer: Weigh 5g of superphosphate and 1g of calcium gluconate and mix them evenly to form active calcium, then take 3g of active calcium and mix them evenly with 9g of liquid water glass.

[0051] The other raw materials and their amounts and the preparation method of the soil conditioner in the above example are the same as those in Example 2.

[0052] Comparative Example Comparative Examples 1-4 Comparative Examples 1-4 respectively provide a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.

[0053] The difference between the comparative example and Example 2 is that the dosage of each component in the soil conditioner is different, as shown in Table 1.

[0054] The preparation methods of the soil conditioners in the above comparative examples are the same as those in Example 2.

[0055] Comparative Examples 5-7 Comparative Examples 5-7 respectively provide a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof.

[0056] The difference between the comparative example and Example 2 is that the types of composite bacterial agents are different, as shown below.

[0057] In Comparative Example 5: the composite bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans and Bacillus pasteurianus in a live bacteria count ratio of 4:2:1.

[0058] In Comparative Example 6: the composite bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus pasteurianus in a live bacteria count ratio of 4:2:1.

[0059] In Comparative Example 7: the composite bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus in a live bacteria count ratio of 6:1:0.2.

[0060] The preparation methods of the soil conditioners in the above comparative examples are the same as those in Example 2.

[0061] Performance testing Test Example 1 The soil conditioners prepared in the examples and comparative examples (storage time: 0 days) were used as test objects to test the technical indicators of the soil conditioners.

[0062] The organic matter, total N, P2O5, and K2O of soil conditioners are tested according to the test methods specified in NY / T525-2021; the total humic acid and water-soluble humic acid content in soil conditioners are tested using the test methods specified in T / CHAIA5-2018.

[0063] Test results: as shown in Table 2.

[0064] Table 2 Performance test results of soil conditioners in Examples and Comparative Examples Combined with the test results in Table 2, no stabilizer was added in Comparative Example 1, no composite bacterial agent was added in Comparative Example 2, the dosage of composite bacterial agent and stabilizer in Comparative Examples 3-4 did not match, the type of composite bacterial agent in Comparative Examples 5-7 was not suitable for this solution, and the nutrient content in the soil conditioner was low. In contrast, the present application uses Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus with a live bacterial count ratio of 3-5:1-3:0.5-1.5 to form a composite bacterial agent, and liquid water glass and active calcium with a weight ratio of 9:1-5 to form a stabilizer, and ferments gardening waste and kitchen waste to obtain a soil conditioner with rich nutrient content, high total humic acid and water-soluble humic acid content, which can be used for soil improvement in urban gardens and park green spaces, and is particularly suitable for improving the survival rate of transplanted garden plants. It can also be used in home gardening, agricultural planting and other scenes to improve soil quality and enhance the plant growth environment.

[0065] Test Example 2 The soil conditioners prepared in the examples and comparative examples were sealed and stored at 20-30° C. for 90 days, and the organic matter, total humic acid, and water-soluble humic acid of the soil conditioners were tested to evaluate the stability of the soil conditioners (performance after 90 days of storage / performance after 0 days of storage×100%).

[0066] Test results: The test results of soil physical and chemical properties are shown in Table 3.

[0067] Table 3 Stability test results of soil conditioners in Examples and Comparative Examples Combining the test results of Table 2 and Table 3, the soil conditioner prepared by using the technical solution of the present application not only has a high content of organic matter, total humic acid and water-soluble humic acid, but also the microorganisms in the soil conditioner are protected from the influence of adverse external factors, and the long-term activity stability of the microorganisms can be maintained, ensuring that the soil conditioner maintains a low loss of nutrient content for a long time during storage and use.

[0068] Test Example 3 Experimental Example 3 provides a method for improving garden soil, using the soil conditioner prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 to improve the soil. The specific steps are: 2 Sprinkle the soil conditioner into the garden soil, stir to disperse and turn the fertilizer to bond it, and keep it in a natural state for 12 days; the steps of turning the fertilizer and bonding are: determine the turning time according to the temperature rise situation, and turn the compost when the temperature of the pile rises to 40-50℃.

[0069] At the same time, soil without soil conditioner was used as blank control.

[0070] The soil physical and chemical properties, soil aggregate content, soil bulk density, soil organic matter and soil total nitrogen were tested.

[0071] Test results: The test results of soil physical and chemical properties are shown in Table 4.

[0072] Table 4 Performance test results of soil physical and chemical properties Combined with the test results in Table 3, the soil conditioner provided in the present application is used to improve the soil, which can effectively reduce the soil bulk density, increase the soil aggregate content, and thus improve the physical structure of the soil, effectively increase the soil organic matter content, and help improve the plant growth environment.

[0073] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of garden waste, 8-12 parts of kitchen waste, 0.15-0.25 parts of composite bacterial agent, and 2-6 parts of stabilizer; The composite bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pasteurianus in a live bacterial count ratio of 3-5:1-3:0.5-1.5; the live bacterial count of the composite bacterial agent is ≥8 billion / g; The stabilizer consists of liquid water glass and active calcium in a weight ratio of 9:1-5.

2. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that Specifically, the composition includes the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of garden waste, 9-11 parts of kitchen waste, 0.18-0.22 parts of compound bacterial agent, and 3-5 parts of stabilizer.

3. The soil conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that Specifically, the composition includes the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of landscaping waste, 10 parts of kitchen waste, 0.18 parts of composite bacterial agent, and 4 parts of stabilizer.

4. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The composite bacterial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus safety and Bacillus pasteurianus with a live bacteria count ratio of 3.5-4.5:1.5-2.5:0.8-1.

2.

5. The soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that The composite bacterial agent consists of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus spp. and Bacillus pasteurianus in a live bacteria count ratio of 4:2:

1.

6. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The stabilizer consists of liquid water glass and active calcium in a weight ratio of 9:2-4.

7. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The active calcium is selected from one or more of calcium acetate, calcium propionate, calcium EDTA, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium sulfate, superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium citrate, calcium gluconate, calcium lactate gluconate and amino acid calcium.

8. The soil conditioner according to claim 7, characterized in that The active calcium is composed of superphosphate and calcium gluconate in a weight ratio of 1-5:1-5.

9. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Weigh each raw material by weight, place it in a fermentation tank, add water to control the humidity to 40-60%, the temperature to 25-40°C, ferment for 48-72 hours, use a granulator to granulate and dry, and obtain a soil conditioner with a particle size of 0.5-3 mm.

10. A method for improving garden soil, characterized in that: The soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used for improvement, which specifically comprises the following steps: According to 50-80g / m 2 The soil conditioner is sprinkled into the garden soil in an amount of , and is stirred to disperse and turn over the fertilizer for bonding, and is kept in a natural state for 10-15 days.

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