Anti-seepage structure for connecting asphalt concrete panel and geomembrane

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering seepage prevention, and particularly relates to an asphalt concrete panel and geomembrane connected seepage prevention structure which comprises an asphalt concrete panel layer, a reinforced concrete connecting plate layer, a geomembrane layer, a plastic water stop filler layer and a quick-setting rubber layer. The bottom end is paved above the broken stone hardcore; the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer is located above the reservoir bottom backfill area, and the upper surface of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer is of a one-step-shaped structure. The geomembrane layer is paved on the reservoir bottom and extends to the upper part of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer, and the geomembrane layer is fixedly connected with the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer through anchoring parts; the plastic water stop filler layer is paved between the geomembrane layer and the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer; and the quick-setting rubber layer is sprayed on the upper surfaces of the geomembrane layer, the anchoring part and the asphalt concrete panel layer. The anti-seepage system of the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel and the reservoir bottom geomembrane is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-seepage of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to an anti-seepage structure connected with an asphalt concrete panel and a geomembrane. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology in my country, pumped-storage power stations have experienced rapid growth. However, sites with excellent geological conditions are becoming increasingly scarce. Most sites have complex geological conditions, making localized anti-seepage measures unsuitable for reservoir construction. To adapt to these complex and harsh geological conditions, an anti-seepage system combining geomembranes and asphalt concrete panels can be used.

[0003] Asphalt concrete panels are easy to construct and offer excellent anti-seepage performance, making them widely used in pumped-storage power station reservoir anti-seepage. In recent years, with the continuous development of geosynthetics, geomembranes have demonstrated excellent anti-seepage performance and enhanced deformation adaptability, while also meeting the durability requirements of pumped-storage power stations. Furthermore, because geomembranes are much less expensive than asphalt concrete, they are increasingly being used for anti-seepage at the bottom of pumped-storage power stations with deep bottom fills. This has led to the development of a new anti-seepage solution: a combination of reservoir bank asphalt concrete panels and reservoir bottom geomembranes.

[0004] For pumped-storage power plants, the reliability of the anti-seepage system is crucial to the operational safety of the entire plant. Leakage channels at the junction of the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panels and the reservoir floor geomembrane will compromise the safety of the entire plant. To ensure a reliable connection between the anti-seepage structure, the geomembrane must be anchored to the asphalt concrete. However, the asphalt concrete panels are relatively weak and lack sufficient anchoring force for expansion bolts. Therefore, while both the geomembrane and the asphalt concrete panels offer excellent anti-seepage performance and are adaptable to deformation, direct anchoring of the two is difficult, preventing a complete anti-seepage system. Currently, no engineering projects have employed this "reservoir bank asphalt concrete panels + reservoir floor geomembrane" system.

[0005] Therefore, how to adopt certain engineering measures to ensure that the asphalt concrete panels on the reservoir bank and the geomembrane at the reservoir bottom do not have leakage channels and operate safely under the action of circulating water load is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in the field of anti-seepage of water conservancy and hydropower projects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the traditional technology and provide an anti-seepage structure connected with an asphalt concrete panel and a geomembrane.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives and the above technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides an anti-seepage structure connected with an asphalt concrete panel and a geomembrane, comprising:

[0009] An asphalt concrete face layer, the asphalt concrete face layer is paved on top of the dam body cushion material, and the bottom end of the asphalt concrete face layer is paved above the gravel cushion layer in the reservoir bottom backfill area;

[0010] A reinforced concrete connecting plate layer, wherein the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer is located above the reservoir bottom backfill area, and the upper surface of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer is a one-level stepped structure including a lower step surface, an upper step surface and a side wall;

[0011] A geomembrane layer is spread on the bottom of the reservoir and extends above the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer. The geomembrane layer is fastened to the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer using anchors;

[0012] A plastic water-stop filler layer, wherein the plastic water-stop filler layer is spread between the geomembrane layer and the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer;

[0013] A quick-setting rubber layer is sprayed on the upper surfaces of the geomembrane layer, the anchoring pieces and the asphalt concrete panel layer.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned anti-seepage structure connected with the asphalt concrete panel and the geomembrane, the bottom end of the asphalt concrete panel layer extends to the lower step surface of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer and abuts against the side wall of the upper step surface of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned anti-seepage structure connected by the asphalt concrete panel and the geomembrane, the side wall of the first-level step-like structure in the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer adopts a slope ratio of 1:0.3.

[0016] Furthermore, in the anti-seepage structure in which the asphalt concrete panel and the geomembrane are connected, the portion of the geomembrane layer located at the anchoring position continues to extend toward the dam body side and extends to be bonded to the asphalt concrete panel layer.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned anti-seepage structure connecting the asphalt concrete panel and the geomembrane, the anchor includes a stainless steel flat steel, a stainless steel nut, a spring washer and an expansion bolt placed on the geomembrane layer, and the expansion bolt passes through the stainless steel flat steel, the geomembrane layer, the anti-seepage rubber strip, the sliding layer and is embedded in the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer.

[0018] Furthermore, in the anti-seepage structure connecting the asphalt concrete panel and the geomembrane, the plastic water-stop filler layer is overfilled on both sides of the anchor fastening to form a bulge, which causes the geomembrane layer at that location to bulge upward. This bulge, as a reserved deformation and settlement structure for later use, can reduce stress and strain concentration in the geomembrane at this location, avoiding the risk of geomembrane tearing due to stress and strain concentration.

[0019] Furthermore, in the anti-seepage structure connected with the asphalt concrete panel and the geomembrane, the quick-setting rubber layer can be seamlessly bonded to the upper surface of the geomembrane layer, the anchor and the asphalt concrete panel layer, and the quick-setting rubber layer serves as a second surface water stop.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned anti-seepage structure connected by the asphalt concrete panel and the geomembrane, the asphalt concrete panel layer, the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer, the geomembrane layer and the quick-setting rubber layer form a complete anti-seepage system.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The geomembrane layer is anchored to the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer through mechanical connection, which ensures the reliability and durability of the connection between the geomembrane and the reinforced concrete connecting plate.

[0023] 2. A plastic waterstop filler layer is spread between the geomembrane layer and the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer, with overfill forming a bulge on both sides of the anchor fastening. This bulge serves as a deformation and settlement structure reserved for later reservoir water storage. It can reduce stress and strain concentration in the geomembrane at this location, avoiding the risk of geomembrane tearing due to stress and strain concentration. At the same time, the plastic waterstop filler also has a water-stopping effect.

[0024] 3. The quick-setting rubber layer is sprayed on the upper surface of the geomembrane layer, anchor and asphalt concrete panel layer, which can form a second surface water stop. Even if the mechanical connection is partially damaged due to reservoir water storage in the later stage, the quick-setting rubber layer sprayed on the surface of the connection structure can still ensure the integrity of the anti-seepage system and will not cause leakage or damage.

[0025] 4. By connecting the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel and the reservoir bottom geomembrane through the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer, the anti-seepage system of reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel + reservoir bottom geomembrane can be realized.

[0026] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the above advantages at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the entire anti-seepage structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic cross-section of the geomembrane layer of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the plastic water-stop filler layer of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the composition of the anchor member in the present invention;

[0032] In the accompanying drawings, the reference numerals of the various components are as follows:

[0033] 1-Geotextile, 2-Geomembrane layer, 3-Quick-setting rubber layer, 4-Plastic water-stop filler layer, 5-Stainless steel nut, 6-Spring washer, 7-Stainless steel flat steel, 8-Anti-seepage protection cover, 9-Anti-seepage rubber strip, 10-Slip layer, 11-Asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer, 12-Reinforced concrete connecting plate layer, 13-Expansion bolts, 14-Precast concrete blocks, 15-Butyl raw tape, 16-Waterproof membrane, 17-Petroleum asphalt polyurethane jointing material, 18-Asphalt concrete panel layer, 19-Polyester mesh, 20-Asphalt concrete anti-seepage thickening layer, 21-Asphalt mortar wedge, 22-Crushed stone cushion layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an anti-seepage structure connecting an asphalt concrete panel and a geomembrane, including an asphalt concrete panel layer 18, a reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12, a geomembrane layer 2, a plastic water-stop filler layer 4 and a quick-setting rubber layer 3.

[0036] In this embodiment, the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12 is located above the reservoir bottom backfill area, and the upper surface of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12 is a one-step structure including a lower step surface, an upper step surface and a side wall; the side wall of the one-step structure in the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer adopts a slope ratio of 1:0.3.

[0037] In this embodiment, the asphalt concrete face plate layer 18 is laid on top of the dam body cushion material, and the bottom end of the asphalt concrete face plate layer 18 is laid above the gravel cushion layer 14 in the reservoir bottom backfill area. The bottom end of the asphalt concrete face plate layer 18 extends to the lower step surface of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12 and abuts the side wall of the upper step surface of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12.

[0038] In this embodiment, the geomembrane layer 2 is spread on the bottom of the reservoir and extends to the top of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12. The geomembrane layer 2 is fastened to the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12 by anchors; the part of the geomembrane layer 2 located at the anchoring position continues to extend toward the side of the dam body and extends to bond with the asphalt concrete panel layer 12.

[0039] In this embodiment, a plastic water-stopping filler layer 4 is laid between the geomembrane layer 2 and the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12. The plastic water-stopping filler layer 4 overfills on both sides of the anchor fastening, forming a bulge. This bulge causes the geomembrane layer 2 to bulge upward at this location. This bulge, a reserved deformation and settlement structure for later use, reduces stress and strain concentration in the geomembrane at this location, avoiding the risk of tearing the geomembrane due to stress and strain concentration. The bulge height is generally selected from 15 to 40 cm based on calculation results.

[0040] In this embodiment, the quick-setting rubber layer 3 is sprayed on the upper surface of the geomembrane layer 2, the anchors, and the asphalt concrete panel layer 12. The quick-setting rubber layer 3 can be seamlessly bonded to the upper surface of the geomembrane layer 2, the anchors, and the asphalt concrete panel layer 12, and the quick-setting rubber layer 3 serves as a second surface waterstop.

[0041] In this embodiment, the anchoring fixture includes a stainless steel flat steel 7, a stainless steel nut 5, a spring washer 6, and an expansion bolt 13 placed on the geomembrane layer 2. The spring washer 6 is located between the stainless steel nut 5 and the stainless steel flat steel 7. The expansion bolt 13 passes through the stainless steel flat steel 7, the geomembrane layer 2, the anti-seepage rubber strip 9, the sliding layer 10, and is embedded in the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12. The spacing between the expansion bolts 13 is generally 30 to 50 cm. The sliding layer 10 is located between the bulge and the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12. The anti-seepage rubber strip 9 is arranged above the sliding layer 10. An anti-seepage protective cover sheet 8 can be added between the anti-seepage rubber strip 9 and the geomembrane layer 2.

[0042] In this embodiment, the asphalt concrete panel layer 18, the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12, the geomembrane layer 2 and the quick-setting rubber layer 3 form a complete anti-seepage system.

[0043] In this embodiment, a layer of geotextile 1 is provided on the lower side of the geomembrane layer 2 , and a layer of geotextile 1 is also provided on the upper side of the quick-setting rubber layer 3 .

[0044] In this embodiment, an asphalt mortar wedge 21 and an asphalt concrete leveling bonding layer 11 located below the asphalt mortar wedge 21 are provided at the side end of the crushed stone cushion layer 14 .

[0045] The specific application of this embodiment is as follows: the geomembrane layer 2 is anchored to the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12 through mechanical connection, which ensures the reliability and durability of the connection between the geomembrane and the reinforced concrete connecting plate. The plastic water-stop filler layer 4 is spread between the geomembrane layer 2 and the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12, and is overfilled on both sides of the anchor fastening to form a bulge. The bulge serves as a deformation settlement structure reserved for the later reservoir water storage, which can reduce the stress and strain concentration of the geomembrane here and avoid the risk of the geomembrane being torn due to stress and strain concentration. At the same time, the plastic water-stop filler layer 4 also has a water-stopping effect. The quick-setting rubber layer 3 is sprayed on the upper surface of the geomembrane layer 2, the anchor and the asphalt concrete panel layer 18, which can form a second surface water-stop. Even if the mechanical connection is partially damaged due to the reservoir water storage in the later stage, the quick-setting rubber layer 3 sprayed on the surface of the connection structure can still ensure the integrity of the anti-seepage system and no leakage or damage will occur. By connecting the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel layer 18 and the reservoir bottom geomembrane through the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer 12, an anti-seepage system of the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel + reservoir bottom geomembrane can be realized.

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the contents of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An anti-seepage structure connected by an asphalt concrete panel and a geomembrane, characterized in that: include: An asphalt concrete face layer, wherein the asphalt concrete face layer is spread on top of the cushion material of the dam body, and the bottom end of the asphalt concrete face layer is spread to the top of the crushed stone cushion layer in the backfill area at the bottom of the reservoir; A reinforced concrete connecting plate layer, wherein the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer is located above the backfill area at the bottom of the reservoir, and the upper surface of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer is a first-level stepped structure including a lower step surface, an upper step surface and a side wall; A geomembrane layer, which is spread on the bottom of the reservoir and extends to the top of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer. The geomembrane layer is fastened to the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer by using anchors; A plastic water-stopping filler layer, wherein the plastic water-stopping filler layer is spread between the geomembrane layer and the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer; The quick-setting rubber layer is sprayed on the upper surface of the geomembrane layer, the anchor and the asphalt concrete panel layer.

2. The anti-seepage structure connected by asphalt concrete panel and geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the asphalt concrete panel layer extends to the lower step surface of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer and abuts against the side wall of the upper step surface of the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer.

3. The anti-seepage structure connected by asphalt concrete panel and geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the first-level step-shaped structure in the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer adopts a slope ratio of 1:0.

3.

4. The anti-seepage structure connected by asphalt concrete panel and geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portion of the geomembrane layer located at the anchoring position continues to extend toward the dam body side and extends to be bonded to the asphalt concrete face plate layer.

5. The anti-seepage structure connected by asphalt concrete panel and geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring piece comprises a stainless steel flat steel, a stainless steel nut, a spring washer and an expansion bolt placed on the geomembrane layer. The expansion bolt passes through the stainless steel flat steel, the geomembrane layer, the anti-seepage rubber strip, the sliding layer and is embedded in the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer.

6. The anti-seepage structure connected by asphalt concrete panel and geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plastic water-stopping filler layer is overfilled on both sides of the anchor fastening to form bulges, and the bulges cause the geomembrane layer at that location to bulge upwards.

7. The anti-seepage structure connected by asphalt concrete panel and geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-setting rubber layer can be seamlessly bonded to the upper surface of the geomembrane layer, the anchor and the asphalt concrete panel layer, and the quick-setting rubber layer serves as a second surface waterproofing layer.

8. The anti-seepage structure connected by asphalt concrete panel and geomembrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The asphalt concrete panel layer, the reinforced concrete connecting plate layer, the geomembrane layer and the quick-setting rubber layer form a complete anti-seepage system.

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