Three-layer material composite insulation block for low-temperature storage tank, system and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a three-layer material composite insulation block for a low-temperature storage tank, a system and a construction method, and the insulation block comprises a first insulation layer, a second insulation layer, a crack arrest layer and a third insulation layer which are sequentially connected along a Z direction; the first insulating layer is made of a fiber type insulating material and extends to the outside of the second insulating layer; the second insulating layer extends to the outside of the third insulating layer; the crack arrest layer is flush with the second insulating layer and is connected with the tank body outer plate through a fastener; in the X direction, the first insulating layer abuts against the first insulating layer in the adjacent three-layer material composite insulating block used for the low-temperature storage tank. The first insulating layer can be subjected to double anti-cracking, so that the heat preservation effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of insulation of cryogenic storage tanks, and in particular relates to a three-layer composite insulation block, system and construction method for cryogenic storage tanks. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the storage of cryogenic liquids such as liquefied natural gas in offshore engineering mostly uses plate-type insulation structures or spray insulation structures. These two structures are prone to large shrinkage in the cold state due to the low temperature of the tank body. However, large shrinkage can easily cause the outer insulation layer to crack or fall off, resulting in a decrease in the insulation effect. A special channel needs to be set at the position in contact with the tank body to maintain a certain gap. The existing designs are relatively complex and costly. For the insulation layer, the insulation temperature difference close to the tank side is the largest, so the deformation is large, which can easily cause cracking. The existing insulation systems all indiscriminately select the same material, and the deformation of the inner layer varies greatly, which can also easily cause separation and cracking. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-layer composite insulation block, system and construction method for low-temperature storage tanks, which can be double-proof against cracking. The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0004] A three-layer composite insulation block for a cryogenic storage tank, comprising:

[0005] The first insulating layer 2, the second insulating layer 3, the crack stop layer 12 and the third insulating layer 4 are sequentially connected along the Z direction;

[0006] The first insulating layer 2 is made of a fiber-type insulating material and extends to the outside of the second insulating layer 3;

[0007] The second insulating layer 3 extends to the outside of the third insulating layer 4;

[0008] The crack-stop layer 12 is flush with the second insulating layer 3 and is connected to the outer plate 1 of the tank through fasteners;

[0009] Along the X direction, the first insulating layer 2 abuts against the first insulating layer in the adjacent three-layer composite insulating block for the cryogenic storage tank.

[0010] Preferably, along the X direction, a gap 1 is formed between the second insulating layer 3 and the second insulating layer in the adjacent three-layer composite insulating block for the cryogenic storage tank, and the gap is filled with an insulating strip 8;

[0011] Along the X direction, a second gap is formed between the third insulating layer 4 and the third insulating layer in the adjacent three-layer composite insulating block for the low-temperature storage tank, and the first in-situ foamed polyurethane 6 is filled in the second gap.

[0012] Preferably, the first gap is located directly above the end surface of the first insulating layer 2; and the second gap is located directly above the first gap.

[0013] Preferably, a first butyl tape 7 is provided on the first in-situ foamed polyurethane 6 .

[0014] Preferably, the fastener is a bolt 9;

[0015] One end of the bolt 9 is fixed to the outer plate 1 of the tank, and the other end thereof passes through the first mounting hole 1 of the first insulating layer 2, the second insulating layer 3 and the crack-stop layer 12 outward in the Z direction, and extends into the second mounting hole 13 opened on the third insulating layer 4;

[0016] The second mounting hole 13 is filled with a second in-situ foamed polyurethane 15 .

[0017] Preferably, the crack-stop layer 12 is a glass fiber mesh.

[0018] Preferably, the second insulating layer 3 is an insulating plate;

[0019] The third insulating layer 4 is an insulating plate.

[0020] Preferably, an outer protective layer 5 is bonded onto the third insulating layer 4 , and a mounting hole is provided on the outer protective layer 5 .

[0021] A three-layer material composite insulation system for a cryogenic storage tank comprises a plurality of the three-layer material composite insulation blocks for a cryogenic storage tank.

[0022] A construction method of a three-layer composite insulating block for a cryogenic storage tank, based on the three-layer composite insulating block for a cryogenic storage tank, comprises the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Mark the outer surface of the tank outer plate 1 to mark the installation position of the fastener, and then weld the fastener using stud welding;

[0024] Step 2: Fix all three-layer composite insulation blocks used for low-temperature storage tanks to the outer plate 1 of the tank:

[0025] Step 2A, putting the first insulation layer 2 and the second insulation layer 3 of all three-layer composite insulation blocks for cryogenic storage tanks on the fasteners;

[0026] Step 2B, filling the gap 1 with an insulating strip 8 and laying a crack-stopping layer 12 thereon;

[0027] The crack-stopping layer 12 covers two adjacent second insulating layers 3;

[0028] Step 2C, laying a third insulating layer 4 on the crack-stop layer 12;

[0029] Step 2D, install the gasket 10 on the fastener, and finally screw on the nut;

[0030] Step 2E: Fill the second mounting hole 13 opened on the third insulating layer 4 with the second in-situ foamed polyurethane 15 , and fill the second gap with the first in-situ foamed polyurethane 6 .

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0032] 1. In terms of physical properties and structure, double anti-cracking design is carried out. Specifically:

[0033] In terms of physical properties: the insulation layer close to the tank body has the largest temperature change, so the deformation is the largest. The first insulation layer 2 itself is not only highly compressible, but also has a certain amount of compression. The section that connects with the adjacent insulation block along the X direction is also in a compressed state. Therefore, the first insulation layer 2 can be deformed to a certain extent, thereby reducing the probability of cracking.

[0034] In terms of structure: the second insulating layer 3, the crack-stopping layer 12 and the third insulating layer 4 further limit the deformation of the first insulating layer 2, preventing it from deforming too much, thereby reducing the probability of cracking.

[0035] 2. Strong structural points are added to prevent the second insulating layer 3 and the third insulating layer 4 from cracking. The strong structural points include the first on-site foamed polyurethane 6 and the insulating strip 8.

[0036] 3. The first layer itself can absorb all deformations caused by thermal expansion and contraction, as well as other tank loads and deformation caused by lifting, which essentially prevents the cracking of the insulation. Therefore, there is no need to lay a crack-stop layer between the first and second layers of insulation, and the process is simpler. At the same time, the two outer layers adopt hard insulation layers with high closed-pore rates to ensure the thermal insulation effect.

[0037] 4. This insulation system adopts a three-layer structure. By adjusting the thickness distribution, it can be applied to cryogenic storage tanks of different temperatures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of a three-layer composite insulation system for cryogenic storage tanks after expansion;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial map of

[0040] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the unfolded three-layer composite insulation system for cryogenic storage tanks.

[0041] 1- Tank outer plate,

[0042] 2-first insulation layer, 3-second insulation layer, 4-third insulation layer, 5-outer sheath,

[0043] 6-first on-site foamed polyurethane, 7-first butyl tape, 8-insulating strip;

[0044] 9-bolt, 10-washer, 11-nut, 12-crack arrest layer, 13-second mounting hole, 14-second butyl tape, 15-second on-site foamed polyurethane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be described in more detail with reference to the schematic diagram of the three-layer composite insulation block, system and construction method for cryogenic storage tanks of the present invention, wherein the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown, and it should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the present invention described herein and still achieve the beneficial effects of the present invention. Therefore, the following description should be understood as being widely known to those skilled in the art and not as a limitation of the present invention.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 3 , a three-layer composite insulation block for cryogenic storage tanks, comprising:

[0047] The first insulating layer 2, the second insulating layer 3, the crack-stopping layer 12 and the third insulating layer 4 are sequentially pasted along the Z direction to form a whole.

[0048] The first insulating layer 2 is made of a fiber-type insulating material and extends to the outside of the second insulating layer 3;

[0049] The second insulating layer 3 extends to the outside of the third insulating layer 4;

[0050] The second insulating layer 3 is a rigid insulating board with a high closed porosity; the third insulating layer 4 is a rigid insulating board with a high closed porosity.

[0051] The crack-stopping layer 12 is flush with the second insulating layer 3 and is connected to the outer plate 1 of the tank body through fasteners. The crack-stopping layer 12 is specifically a glass fiber mesh.

[0052] Along the X direction, the first insulating layer 2 abuts against the first insulating layer in the adjacent three-layer composite insulating block for the cryogenic storage tank.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, along the X direction, a gap 1 is formed between the second insulating layer 3 and the second insulating layer in the adjacent three-layer composite insulating block for the cryogenic storage tank, and the gap is filled with an insulating strip 8;

[0054] Along the X direction, a gap 2 is formed between the third insulating layer 4 and the third insulating layer in the adjacent three-layer composite insulating block for the low-temperature storage tank, and the gap 2 is filled with the first in-situ foamed polyurethane 6 .

[0055] A first butyl tape 7 is provided on the first in-situ foamed polyurethane 6 .

[0056] The first gap is located directly above the end surface of the first insulating layer 2 ; the second gap is located directly above the first gap.

[0057] The outer protective layer 5 is bonded onto the third insulating layer 4 , and a mounting hole is provided on the outer protective layer 5 .

[0058] Along the Y direction, the first insulating layer 2 , the second insulating layer 3 , the crack-stopping layer 12 and the third insulating layer 4 are flush.

[0059] In this embodiment, the “Y direction” refers to the height direction of the low-temperature storage tank, that is, the height direction of the outer plate 1 of the tank.

[0060] “X direction” refers to the radial direction of the cryogenic storage tank.

[0061] In other embodiments, the definitions of “Y direction” and “X direction” may be interchangeable.

[0062] About the first insulating layer 2:

[0063] The main component of this layer of insulation is fibrous insulation materials, such as glass wool, rock wool, aerogel, phenolic resin, etc., which are prefabricated, pressed and cut into the required size and thickness.

[0064] The structure of this layer of insulation must be loose and compressible by more than 20%, so as to allow gas and liquid to pass freely and form a natural liquid and gas channel for tank leakage.

[0065] At the same time, due to its loose structure, the insulation can be deformed freely as the tank cools down, no additional temperature stress is formed, and the insulation is prevented from cracking as a whole. The fiber elasticity is very good and can automatically absorb the deformation during the construction of the tank and the pressure deformation during operation.

[0066] Regarding the second insulation layer 3 and the third insulation layer 4:

[0067] It has strong tensile and compressive strength to resist the thermal expansion and contraction of the tank body, and can also resist the tensile force caused by the deformation of the tank body during hoisting.

[0068] At the same time, an outer protective layer 5 with certain liquid tightness is attached to the outside of the third insulating layer 4. The material is GRP or aluminum foil, which can not only improve the insulation's anti-oxidation ability, but also enhance the mechanical protection ability and tensile strength of the entire insulation.

[0069] The first insulating layer 2 and the second insulating layer 3 can be directly adhered by glue. Since the first layer of insulation has a very strong ability to absorb deformation, there is no need to add a crack-stopping layer.

[0070] The second insulating layer 3 , the crack-stopping layer 12 and the third insulating layer 4 can be glued together using low-temperature glue.

[0071] The first insulating layer 2, the second insulating layer 3, the crack-stopping layer 12 and the third insulating layer 4 are prefabricated in advance into a whole.

[0072] Specifically: the first insulating layer 2, the second insulating layer 3, and the third insulating layer 4 are all prefabricated in the factory workshop, and the three insulating layers and the crack-stop layer 12 are effectively pasted together to form a whole, thereby achieving maximum prefabrication.

[0073] In this embodiment, the fastener is a bolt 9 located at the center of the composite insulating block.

[0074] A bolt 9, one end of which is fixed to the outer plate 1 of the tank, and the other end of which passes through the first mounting hole 1 of the first insulating layer 2, the second insulating layer 3 and the crack-stop layer 12 outward in the Z direction, and extends into the second mounting hole 13 opened on the third insulating layer 4;

[0075] The second mounting hole 13 is filled with a second in-situ foamed polyurethane 15 .

[0076] That is, when the insulating block is prefabricated, a hole matching the bolt diameter is pre-opened on the second insulating layer 3 to facilitate the insertion of the bolt during installation.

[0077] A hole (No. 2 mounting hole 13) with a diameter of about 150 mm is opened on the third insulating layer 4 to facilitate the installation of the gasket and the tightening of the nut.

[0078] In addition, it can be known from the above that the size of each layer of the composite insulating block is different.

[0079] The first insulating layer 2 has the largest size, and the size of the prefabricated board of the first insulating layer 2 is larger than the actual floor area. Due to its strong compressibility, an interference relationship is formed between adjacent prefabricated insulating blocks, which can avoid caulking and can be closely connected to form a good thermal insulation effect.

[0080] The size of the second insulating layer 3 is slightly smaller than that of the first insulating layer, and the size of the third insulating layer is smaller than that of the second insulating layer. After the three insulating layers are prefabricated, they form a stepped shape.

[0081] The stepped shape between the composite insulating blocks has no gaps between the first insulating layers, and the gaps between the second insulating layers are filled with prefabricated insulating strips 8, and a layer of crack-stopping net is laid on top.

[0082] The gaps between the third insulating layers are filled with the on-site foamed insulation 6 to form a whole with the third insulating layer.

[0083] A three-layer material composite insulation system for a cryogenic storage tank comprises a plurality of three-layer material composite insulation blocks for the cryogenic storage tank.

[0084] A construction method of a three-layer composite insulation block for a cryogenic storage tank comprises the following steps:

[0085] Step 1: Mark the outer surface of the tank outer plate 1 to mark the installation position of the fastener, and then weld the fastener using stud welding;

[0086] Step 2: Fix all three-layer composite insulation blocks used for low-temperature storage tanks to the outer plate 1 of the tank:

[0087] Step 2A, putting the first insulation layer 2 and the second insulation layer 3 of all three-layer composite insulation blocks for cryogenic storage tanks on the fasteners;

[0088] Step 2B, filling the gap 1 with an insulating strip 8 and laying a crack-stopping layer 12 thereon;

[0089] The crack-stopping layer 12 covers two adjacent second insulating layers 3;

[0090] Step 2C, laying a third insulating layer 4 on the crack-stop layer 12;

[0091] Step 2D, install the gasket 10 on the fastener, and finally screw on the nut;

[0092] Step 2E, fill the second installation hole 13 opened on the third insulating layer 4 with the second on-site foamed polyurethane 15 and then paste the butyl tape; fill the second gap with the first on-site foamed polyurethane 6 and paste the second butyl tape 14 along the X direction.

[0093] The second butyl tape 14 connects the outer sheaths 5 of adjacent composite insulating blocks.

[0094] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any technician in the relevant technical field, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, makes any form of equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the present invention, which does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention and still falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-layer composite insulation block for a cryogenic storage tank, characterized in that: include: The first insulating layer (2), the second insulating layer (3), the crack-stopping layer (12) and the third insulating layer (4) are connected in sequence along the Z direction; The first insulating layer (2) is made of a fibrous insulating material and extends to the outside of the second insulating layer (3); The second insulating layer (3) extends to the outside of the third insulating layer (4); The crack-stopping layer (12) is flush with the second insulating layer (3) and is connected to the outer plate (1) of the tank via a fastener; Along the X direction, the first insulating layer (2) abuts against the first insulating layer in the adjacent three-layer composite insulating block for the cryogenic storage tank.

2. The three-layer composite insulation block for a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Along the X direction, a gap 1 is formed between the second insulating layer (3) and the second insulating layer in the adjacent three-layer composite insulating block for the low-temperature storage tank, and the gap is filled with an insulating strip (8); Along the X direction, a second gap is formed between the third insulating layer (4) and the third insulating layer in the adjacent three-layer composite insulating block for a low-temperature storage tank, and the second gap is filled with a first in-situ foamed polyurethane (6).

3. The three-layer composite insulation block for a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first gap is located directly above the end surface of the first insulating layer (2); and the second gap is located directly above the first gap.

4. The three-layer composite insulation block for a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first butyl tape (7) is provided on the first in-situ foamed polyurethane (6).

5. The three-layer composite insulation block for a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fastener is a bolt (9); One end of the bolt (9) is fixed to the outer plate (1) of the tank, and the other end thereof passes through the No. 1 mounting hole and the crack-stopping layer (12) of the first insulating layer (2), the second insulating layer (3) in sequence outwardly along the Z direction, and extends into the No. 2 mounting hole (13) opened on the third insulating layer (4); The second installation hole (13) is filled with a second in-situ foamed polyurethane (15).

6. The three-layer composite insulation block for a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The crack-stopping layer (12) is a glass fiber mesh.

7. The three-layer composite insulation block for a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second insulating layer (3) is an insulating plate; The third insulating layer (4) is an insulating board.

8. The three-layer composite insulation block for a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An outer protective layer (5) is bonded to the third insulating layer (4), and a mounting hole is provided on the outer protective layer (5).

9. A three-layer composite insulation system for cryogenic storage tanks, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of three-layer composite insulation blocks for low-temperature storage tanks as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A construction method of a three-layer composite insulating block for a cryogenic storage tank, based on the three-layer composite insulating block for a cryogenic storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Marking the outer surface of the tank outer plate (1) to mark the installation position of the fastener, and then welding the fastener using stud welding; Step 2: Fix all three-layer composite insulation blocks used for low-temperature storage tanks to the outer plate of the tank (1): Step 2A, putting the first insulation layer (2) and the second insulation layer (3) of all three-layer composite insulation blocks for cryogenic storage tanks on the fasteners; Step 2B, filling the gap 1 with an insulating strip (8) and laying a crack-stopping layer (12) thereon; The crack-stopping layer (12) covers two adjacent second insulating layers (3); Step 2C, laying a third insulating layer (4) on the crack-stop layer (12); Step 2D, install the gasket (10) on the fastener, and finally tighten the nut; Step 2E, filling the second mounting hole (13) opened on the third insulating layer (4) with the second on-site foamed polyurethane (15), and filling the second gap with the first on-site foamed polyurethane (6).

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