Shearing zone temperature testing device used in soil body shearing process and using method of shearing zone temperature testing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of applying stable shearing force to test the strength characteristic of a solid material, in particular to a shearing zone temperature testing device for a soil body shearing process and a using method thereof. The shearing zone temperature testing device for the soil body shearing process comprises a shearing box (1) and is characterized by further comprising a temperature sensor, a pore water pressure gauge (31), a metal filter screen (32) and a data acquisition instrument (4), and the shearing box (1) comprises an outer box (11), an inner box (12), an upper disc (13), a lower disc (14), an upper disc screw (15), a lower disc screw (16), a gap water pressure groove (17) for a visual container, an inner box fixing screw (18) and a counter-force shaft assembly. The application method of the shear zone temperature testing device for the soil body shearing process is characterized by being implemented according to the following steps in sequence: i, setting; ii, shearing; and iii, collecting. The method is high in precision measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of applying a stable shear force to test the strength characteristics of solid materials, and in particular to a shear band temperature testing device used in a soil shearing process and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geological disaster prevention and control research, high-altitude long-distance landslides have become a very destructive natural disaster due to their large-scale long-distance movement. Their dynamic process and its impact on the environment have always been the focus of research. The ultra-long-distance movement mechanism and disaster range prediction have become common topics in international geological disaster reduction. There is a complex and changeable frictional heating process on the sliding surface of high-altitude long-distance landslides. This temperature change process is accompanied by the strength evolution process of the shear zone of the soil. However, due to the ultra-high pressure and rapid undrained shear behavior in the shear zone of high-altitude long-distance landslides, the temperature parameters in this process cannot be obtained by traditional means. There has been no breakthrough progress in this field for decades, and the acquisition of frictional heating parameters is full of challenges. At present, there is still a lack of direct and effective shear zone temperature change test methods for the long-distance shear process of the soil, and there is a lack of methods to obtain relevant parameters. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance to propose a quantitative monitoring and characterization method for indoor shear zone frictional heating related parameters to promote the study of shear zone frictional heating and drag reduction mechanism of multi-process and multi-field coupling. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, a temperature and water pressure testing device for quantitatively monitoring soil and measuring it with high precision is provided. The present invention discloses a shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process and a method for using the same.

[0004] The present invention achieves the purpose of the invention through the following technical solutions: A shear zone temperature testing device for soil shearing process, comprising a shear box, characterized in that it also comprises a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a pore water pressure gauge, a metal filter and a data acquisition instrument. The shear box includes an outer box, an inner box, an upper plate, a lower plate, upper plate screws, lower plate screws, a gap water pressure groove for a visualization container, an inner box fixing screw and a reaction shaft assembly. The outer box and the inner box are both cylindrical, the outer box sleeve is arranged outside the inner box, the upper plate and the lower plate are both annular plates, the upper plate is fixed to the inner box and the outer box by upper plate screws, the reaction shaft assembly includes a reaction shaft and a reaction shaft base, the reaction shaft assembly as a whole is the power device of the system, the bottom end of the reaction shaft is rotatably arranged on the reaction shaft base through a bearing or a sleeve, the upper part of the outer side surface of the reaction shaft is provided with a reaction shaft boss, the bottom end of the reaction shaft passes through the upper plate, the outer box and the inner box from top to bottom in sequence and is fixed on the reaction shaft base The reaction shaft boss is arranged in the inner box, and the inner box is connected to the reaction shaft boss by the inner box fixing screws so as to fix the inner box on the reaction shaft. The lower plate hoop is arranged on the reaction shaft base and the lower plate is connected and fixed to the reaction shaft base by the lower plate screws. The bottom surfaces of both the outer box and the inner box are rotatably arranged on the lower plate. The contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box and the inner box and the top surface of the lower plate are provided with rubber rings and coated with silicone grease. The central axes of the five parts, namely, the outer box, the inner box, the upper plate, the lower plate and the reaction shaft assembly, coincide with each other. The soil sample is placed in the annular space between the outer box and the inner box; As a container for long-distance shear testing of soil samples, the shear box can realize long-distance shear behavior testing of soil samples under undrained or drained shear conditions, and can provide an interface for the access of temperature sensors and pore water pressure gauges to measure the pore water pressure and temperature of the shear zone of the soil sample; A through hole for inserting a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor is provided on the side wall of the outer box. The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor both penetrate the side wall of the outer box from the outer side surface of the side wall of the outer box, and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor just passes through the inner side surface of the side wall of the outer box to prevent the first temperature sensor from extending too far into the outer box and breaking during the shearing process of the soil sample. The temperature probe of the second temperature sensor is arranged at the midpoint between the inner side wall of the outer box and the outer side wall of the inner box. The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor both form an acute angle with the horizontal plane. The first temperature sensor is in direct contact with the shear surface of the soil sample to directly measure the temperature of the shear surface of the soil sample. The first temperature sensor should have sufficient wear resistance and be able to sensitively collect temperature data under high pressure conditions. The temperature data of each temperature measuring point is monitored by the first temperature sensor and then transmitted to the data acquisition instrument; The pore water pressure gauge is inserted from the top of the inner box, the metal filter is attached to the outer wall of the inner box, and the pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge is connected to the metal filter through the visualization container with the gap water pressure groove; The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the pore water pressure gauge are all connected to the data acquisition instrument through signal lines.

[0005] Furthermore, there are three first temperature sensors, and the three first temperature sensors are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box; Assume that the first temperature sensor and the horizontal plane form an acute angle α, and the second temperature sensor and the horizontal plane form an acute angle β, then: 5°<α≤25°, α<β≤35°; The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both embedded with sealing locking nuts at the places where they pass through the side wall of the outer box, that is, the sealing locking nuts are embedded in the through holes on the side wall of the outer box, and the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor pass through the side wall of the outer box from the respective sealing locking nuts, and waterproof tapes are wrapped between the through holes on the side wall of the outer box and the sealing locking nuts, and between the sealing locking nuts and the first temperature sensor or the second temperature sensor, so as to ensure the sealing of the outer box and realize a non-drainage environment when the soil sample is sheared over a long distance under high pressure; The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both T-type thermocouples.

[0006] Furthermore, there are three pore water pressure gauges, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box, and there are three metal filter screens, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box. The pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge is connected to a metal filter screen, and the two parts are connected by a visualization container with a gap water pressure groove.

[0007] The method for using the shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process is characterized by being implemented in sequence according to the following steps: i. Settings: The outer box is set outside the inner box, and the bottom end of the reaction shaft is rotatably set on the reaction shaft base through a bearing or a sleeve to form a reaction shaft assembly. The upper part of the outer side surface of the reaction shaft is provided with a reaction shaft boss. The bottom end of the reaction shaft is passed through the outer box and the inner box from top to bottom in sequence and then fixed on the reaction shaft base, and the reaction shaft boss is set in the inner box. The inner box is connected to the reaction shaft boss through the inner box fixing screws to fix the inner box on the reaction shaft, and the lower plate hoop is set on the reaction shaft base and the lower plate is connected and fixed to the reaction shaft base through the lower plate screws. The base is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor. The reaction shaft base rotates under the drive of the driving motor, thereby driving the inner box to rotate, providing power for the shearing of the soil sample. The bottom surfaces of the outer box and the inner box are rotatably arranged on the lower plate. The contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box and the inner box and the top surface of the lower plate are provided with rubber rings and coated with silicone grease. The bottom surfaces of the outer box and the inner box can rotate freely on the lower plate to become the shear failure surface of the soil sample, so that the central axes of the five parts, namely, the outer box, the inner box, the upper plate, the lower plate and the reaction shaft assembly, coincide with each other. A ring-shaped bottom filter paper is placed in the annular space between the outer box and the inner box, and then a soil sample is placed on the bottom filter paper. After the soil sample is placed, a ring-shaped top filter paper is covered on the top of the soil sample; the upper plate is inserted into the reaction shaft and then clamped outside the top surface of the outer box and the inner box, and the upper plate is fixed to the inner box and the outer box by the upper plate screws. The first temperature sensor penetrates the outer box side wall from the outer side surface of the outer box side wall, and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor just passes through the inner side surface of the outer box side wall; Insert the pore water pressure gauge from the top of the inner box, and stick the metal filter screen on the outer wall of the inner box so that the pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge is connected to the metal filter screen; Connecting the first temperature sensor and the pore water pressure gauge to the data acquisition instrument via signal lines; The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor test the room temperature before testing the soil sample temperature to debug the built-in acquisition program of the data acquisition instrument; ii. Shearing: The upper plate is fixed with a shear arm, and the outer box and the inner box fixed to the upper plate are fixed to the upper plate, and the lower plate is driven by the drive motor to rotate, and the lower plate drives the soil sample to rotate, so that the soil sample is subjected to the shear force and is destroyed along the interface between the lower plate and the outer box and the inner box; iii. Collection: When the soil sample is sheared, the first temperature sensor and the pore water pressure gauge transmit the temperature data and water pressure data of the soil sample to the data acquisition instrument in real time; Stop driving the driving motor of the lower plate. After the lower plate stops rotating, immediately insert the second temperature sensor into the outer box from the side wall of the outer box, and set the temperature probe of the second temperature sensor at the midpoint between the inner wall of the outer box and the outer wall of the inner box. The second temperature sensor transmits the temperature data of the soil sample after shearing to the data acquisition instrument.

[0008] Further, in the i-th step, there are three first temperature sensors, and the three first temperature sensors are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box; Assume that the first temperature sensor and the horizontal plane form an acute angle α, and the second temperature sensor and the horizontal plane form an acute angle β, then: 5°<α≤25°, α<β≤35°; The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both embedded with sealing locking nuts at the places where they pass through the side wall of the outer box, that is, the sealing locking nuts are embedded in the through holes on the side wall of the outer box, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor pass through the side wall of the outer box from the respective sealing locking nuts, and waterproof tapes are wrapped between the through holes on the side wall of the outer box and the sealing locking nuts, and between the sealing locking nuts and the first temperature sensor or the second temperature sensor; The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are both T-type thermocouples.

[0009] Furthermore, in the i-th step, there are three pore water pressure gauges, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box, there are three metal filter screens, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box, and the pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge is connected to a metal filter screen.

[0010] The present invention discloses a device capable of obtaining temperature and water pressure related parameters in the long-distance undrained shear process of a soil sample shear band. The device is matched with the power system of a ring shear instrument to realize direct contact measurement of the temperature change of the shear band, thus filling the gap in indoor experiments in the temperature measurement of soil samples in the long-distance shear process.

[0011] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention designs a high-pressure undrained temperature test shear box device adapted to the power loading device of the ring shear instrument, forming a complete temperature measurement system. It provides an indoor test method for directly measuring the temperature change of the long-distance shear zone of the soil sample, which can realize the quantitative monitoring and characterization of the friction heat generation related parameters during the long-distance shearing process of the soil sample.

[0012] 2. The shear box system for testing the long-distance shear temperature change of soil samples established by the present invention ensures an undrained test environment inside the shear box while being able to measure the temperature and soil mechanics parameters of the soil samples with high precision.

[0013] 3. The soil sample long-distance shear temperature change test device established by the present invention accurately sets the position where the temperature sensor extends into the soil sample inside the shear box, ensuring that the additional temperature sensor will not cause experimental interference to the soil sample shear strength parameters, while minimizing the friction loss of the soil sample shearing on the temperature sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a side view of the undrained shear box of the present invention, Figure 2 is a top view of the arrangement of the temperature sensor according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pore water pressure sensor on the inner box of the present invention, Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of connecting the temperature sensor and the data acquisition instrument described in the present invention.

[0015] The component names corresponding to the reference numerals are as follows: 1: Shear box, 11: Outer box, 12: Inner box, 13: Upper plate, 14: Lower plate, 15: Upper plate screw, 16: Lower plate screw, 17: Visualization of the gap water pressure groove for the container, 18: Inner box fixing screws, 19: reaction axis; 191: reaction shaft boss; 21: The first temperature sensor, 22: Second temperature sensor, 23: Sealing lock nut, 31: Pore water pressure gauge, 32: Metal filter, 4: Data acquisition instrument.

[0016] 5: Soil sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.

[0018] Example 1 A shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process includes a shear box 1, a first temperature sensor 21, a second temperature sensor 22, a pore water pressure gauge 31, a metal filter 32 and a data acquisition instrument 4, as shown in the figure, and the specific structure is: The shear box 1 comprises an outer box 11, an inner box 12, an upper plate 13, a lower plate 14, an upper plate screw 15, a lower plate screw 16, a gap water pressure groove 17 for a visualization container, an inner box fixing screw 18 and a reaction shaft assembly. The outer box 11 and the inner box 12 are both cylindrical, and the outer box 11 is sleeved outside the inner box 12. The upper plate 13 and the lower plate 14 are both annular plates. The upper plate 13 is fixed to the inner box 12 and the outer box 11 by the upper plate screws 15. The reaction shaft assembly includes a reaction shaft 19 and a reaction shaft base. The reaction shaft assembly as a whole is a power device of the system. The bottom end of the reaction shaft 19 is rotatably arranged on the reaction shaft base through a bearing or a sleeve. A reaction shaft boss 191 is provided on the upper part of the outer side surface of the reaction shaft 19. The bottom end of the reaction shaft 19 passes through the upper plate 13, the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 from top to bottom in sequence and is fixed to the reaction shaft base. The reaction shaft boss 191 is arranged in the inner box 12, and the inner box 12 is connected to the reaction shaft boss 191 by the inner box fixing screw 18 so that the inner box 12 is fixed on the reaction shaft 5. The lower plate 14 is hooped on the reaction shaft base and the lower plate 14 is connected and fixed to the reaction shaft base by the lower plate screw 16. The bottom surfaces of the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 are rotatably arranged on the lower plate 14. The contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 and the top surface of the lower plate 14 are provided with rubber rings and coated with silicone grease. The central axes of the five outer box 11, the inner box 12, the upper plate 13, the lower plate 14 and the reaction shaft assembly coincide with each other. The soil sample 5 is placed in the annular space between the outer box 11 and the inner box 12; The shear box 1 is used as a container for the long-distance shear test of the soil sample 5. It can realize the long-distance shear behavior test of the soil sample 5 under the conditions of undrained or drained shear, and can provide an interface for the access of the first temperature sensor 21, the second temperature sensor 22 and the pore water pressure gauge 31 to measure the pore water pressure and temperature of the shear zone of the soil sample 5; The side wall of the outer box 11 is provided with through holes for inserting the first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22. The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 penetrate the side wall of the outer box 11 from the outer side surface of the side wall of the outer box 11, and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor 21 just passes through the inner side surface of the side wall of the outer box 11 to prevent the first temperature sensor 21 from extending too much into the outer box 11 and breaking during the shearing process of the soil sample 5. The temperature probe of the second temperature sensor 22 is arranged at the midpoint between the inner side wall of the outer box 11 and the outer side wall of the inner box 12. The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 both form an acute angle with the horizontal plane. The first temperature sensor 21 is in direct contact with the shear surface of the soil sample 5 to directly measure the temperature of the shear surface of the soil sample 5. The first temperature sensor 21 should have sufficient wear resistance and be able to sensitively collect temperature data under high pressure conditions. The temperature data of each temperature measuring point is monitored by the first temperature sensor 21 and then transmitted to the data acquisition instrument 4; The second temperature sensor 22 measures the temperature of the soil sample 5 after the shearing of the soil sample 5 is completed; The pore water pressure gauge 31 is inserted from the top of the inner box 12, the metal filter 32 is attached to the outer wall of the inner box 12, and the pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge 31 is connected to the metal filter 32 through the gap water pressure groove 17 for the visualization container; The first temperature sensor 21 , the second temperature sensor 22 and the pore water pressure gauge 31 are all connected to the data acquisition instrument 4 via signal lines.

[0019] In this embodiment, there are three first temperature sensors 21, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box 11; the angle between the first temperature sensor 21 and the horizontal plane is 20°, the angle between the second temperature sensor 22 and the horizontal plane is 30°, and the installation position of the first temperature sensor 21 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in a in FIG. 1 , the installation position of the second temperature sensor 22 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in b; The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 are both embedded with a sealing locking nut 23 at the place where they pass through the side wall of the outer box 11, that is, the sealing locking nut 23 is embedded in the through hole on the side wall of the outer box 11, and the first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 pass through the side wall of the outer box 11 from each sealing locking nut 23, respectively. Waterproof tape is wrapped between the through hole on the side wall of the outer box 11 and the sealing locking nut 23, and between the sealing locking nut 23 and the first temperature sensor 21 or the second temperature sensor 22 to ensure the sealing of the outer box 12, so as to achieve a non-drainage environment when the soil sample 5 is sheared over a long distance under high pressure; The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 are both T-type thermocouples.

[0020] In the present embodiment: there are three pore water pressure gauges 31, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box 12; there are three metal filter screens 32, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box 12; the pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge 31 is connected to a metal filter screen 32, and the two parts are connected by a visualization container interstitial water pressure groove 18.

[0021] When this embodiment is used, the following steps are implemented in sequence: i. Settings: The outer box 11 is sleeved on the outside of the inner box 12, and the bottom end of the reaction shaft 19 is rotatably arranged on the reaction shaft base through a bearing or a sleeve to form a reaction shaft assembly. The upper part of the outer side surface of the reaction shaft 19 is provided with a reaction shaft boss 191. The bottom end of the reaction shaft 19 is passed through the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 from top to bottom in sequence and then fixed on the reaction shaft base, and the reaction shaft boss 191 is arranged in the inner box 12, and the inner box 12 is connected to the reaction shaft boss 191 through the inner box fixing screws 18 so that the inner box 12 is fixed on the reaction shaft 5, and the lower plate 14 is hooped on the reaction shaft base and the lower plate 14 is connected and fixed to the reaction shaft base through the lower plate screws 16. The reaction shaft base is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor. The reaction shaft base rotates under the drive of the driving motor, thereby driving the inner box 12 to rotate, providing power for the shearing of the soil sample 5. The bottom surfaces of the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 are rotatably arranged on the lower plate 14. The contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 and the top surface of the lower plate 14 are provided with rubber rings and coated with silicone grease. The bottom surfaces of the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 can rotate freely on the lower plate 14 to become the shear failure surface of the soil sample 5, so that the central axes of the five outer box 11, the inner box 12, the upper plate 13, the lower plate 14 and the reaction shaft assembly coincide with each other. A ring-shaped bottom filter paper is placed in the annular space between the outer box 11 and the inner box 12, and then a soil sample 5 is placed on the bottom filter paper. After the soil sample 5 is placed, a ring-shaped top filter paper is covered on the top of the soil sample 5; the upper plate 13 is inserted into the reaction shaft 19 and then clamped outside the top surface of the outer box 11 and the inner box 12, and the upper plate 13 is fixed to the inner box 12 and the outer box 11 by the upper plate screws 15. The first temperature sensor 21 penetrates the side wall of the outer box 11 from the outer side surface of the side wall of the outer box 11, and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor 21 just passes through the inner side surface of the side wall of the outer box 11; Insert the pore water pressure gauge 31 from the top of the inner box 12, and attach the metal filter 32 to the outer wall of the inner box 12 so that the pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge 31 is connected to the metal filter 32; Connect the first temperature sensor 21 and the pore water pressure gauge 31 to the data acquisition device 4 via signal lines; The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 test the room temperature before testing the temperature of the soil sample 5 to debug the built-in acquisition program of the data acquisition instrument 4.

[0022] In this embodiment: There are three first temperature sensors 21, and the three first temperature sensors 21 are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box 11; The angle between the first temperature sensor 21 and the horizontal plane is 20°, and the angle between the second temperature sensor 22 and the horizontal plane is 30°; The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 are both embedded with a sealing locking nut 23 at the place where they pass through the side wall of the outer box 11, that is, the sealing locking nut 23 is embedded in the through hole on the side wall of the outer box 11, and the first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 pass through the side wall of the outer box 11 from each sealing locking nut 23, respectively, and waterproof tape is wrapped between the through hole on the side wall of the outer box 11 and the sealing locking nut 23, and between the sealing locking nut 23 and the first temperature sensor 21 or the second temperature sensor 22; The first temperature sensor 21 and the second temperature sensor 22 are both T-type thermocouples.

[0023] In the present embodiment, there are three pore water pressure gauges 31, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box 12; there are three metal filter screens 32, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box 12; and the pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge 31 is connected to a metal filter screen 32.

[0024] ii. Shearing: The upper plate 13 is fixed with a shear arm, and the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 fixed to the upper plate 13 are fixed to the upper plate 13, and the lower plate 14 is driven by the drive motor to rotate, and the lower plate 14 drives the soil sample 17 to rotate, so that the soil sample 5 is subjected to the shear force, and the interface between the lower plate 14 and the outer box 11 and the inner box 12 is destroyed; iii. Collection: When the soil sample 5 is sheared, the first temperature sensor 21 and the pore water pressure gauge 31 transmit the temperature data and water pressure data of the soil sample 5 to the data acquisition device 4 in real time; Stop driving the driving motor of the lower plate 14. After the lower plate 14 stops rotating, immediately insert the second temperature sensor 22 into the outer box 11 from the side wall of the outer box 11, and set the temperature probe of the second temperature sensor 22 at the midpoint between the inner wall of the outer box 11 and the outer wall of the inner box 12. The second temperature sensor 22 transmits the temperature data of the soil sample 5 after shearing to the data acquisition instrument 4.

[0025] This embodiment is a set of high-pressure undrained temperature measuring shear box device, which is suitable for the power loading device of the ICL-2 ring shear instrument. It only needs to install this embodiment on the power loading device of the ICL-2 ring shear instrument and load the soil sample 5 to achieve long-distance undrained shearing of the soil sample 5 and temperature measurement of the process.

[0026] In this embodiment, the shear zone temperature test during the long-distance shear process of soil sample 5 has a groundbreaking significance for the study of the long-distance movement of the landslide body during high-altitude long-distance landslides, realizes the direct, real-time and dynamic measurement of the temperature change of the sliding zone during the long-distance shear process, and strengthens the quantitative monitoring and characterization of indoor friction heat generation related parameters.

Claims

1. A shear zone temperature testing device for soil shearing process, comprising a shear box (1), characterized in that: It also includes a first temperature sensor (21), a second temperature sensor (22), a pore water pressure gauge (31), a metal filter (32) and a data acquisition instrument (4), The shear box (1) comprises an outer box (11), an inner box (12), an upper plate (13), a lower plate (14), an upper plate screw (15), a lower plate screw (16), a gap water pressure groove for a visualization container (17), an inner box fixing screw (18) and a reaction shaft assembly. The outer box (11) and the inner box (12) are both cylindrical, the outer box (11) is sleeved outside the inner box (12), the upper plate (13) and the lower plate (14) are both annular plates, the upper plate (13) is fixed to the inner box (12) and the outer box (11) by an upper plate screw (15), the reaction shaft assembly comprises a reaction shaft (19) and a reaction shaft base, the bottom end of the reaction shaft (19) is rotatably arranged on the reaction shaft base, the upper part of the outer side surface of the reaction shaft (19) is provided with a reaction shaft boss (191), the bottom end of the reaction shaft (19) passes through the upper plate (13), the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) from top to bottom in sequence and is then fixed to the reaction shaft base, the reaction shaft boss (191) is arranged on the inner box (12 ), the inner box (12) is connected to the reaction shaft boss (191) by the inner box fixing screw (18) so that the inner box (12) is fixed on the reaction shaft (5), the lower plate (14) is hooped on the reaction shaft base and the lower plate (14) is connected and fixed to the reaction shaft base by the lower plate screw (16), the bottom surfaces of both the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) are rotatably arranged on the lower plate (14), the contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) and the top surface of the lower plate (14) are provided with rubber rings and coated with silicone grease, and the central axes of the five parts, namely the outer box (11), the inner box (12), the upper plate (13), the lower plate (14) and the reaction shaft assembly, are all coincident with each other, A soil sample (5) is placed in the annular space between the outer box (11) and the inner box (12); The first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) both penetrate the side wall of the outer box (11) from the outer side surface of the side wall of the outer box (11), and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor (21) just passes through the inner side surface of the side wall of the outer box (11), and the temperature probe of the second temperature sensor (22) is arranged at the midpoint between the inner side wall of the outer box (11) and the outer side wall of the inner box (12), and the first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) both form an acute angle with the horizontal plane; The pore water pressure gauge (31) is inserted from the top of the inner box (12), the metal filter (32) is attached to the outer wall of the inner box (12), and the pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge (31) is connected to the metal filter (32) through the gap water pressure groove (17) for the visualization container; The first temperature sensor (21), the second temperature sensor (22) and the pore water pressure gauge (31) are all connected to the data acquisition instrument (4) via signal lines.

2. The shear zone temperature testing device for soil shearing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three first temperature sensors (21) in total, and the three first temperature sensors (21) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box (11); Assume that the first temperature sensor (21) and the horizontal plane form an acute angle α, and the second temperature sensor (22) and the horizontal plane form an acute angle β, then: 5°<α≤25°, α<β≤35°; The first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) are both embedded with a sealing lock nut (23) at the point where they pass through the side wall of the outer box (11), that is, the sealing lock nut (23) is embedded in a through hole on the side wall of the outer box (11), the first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) pass through the side wall of the outer box (11) from each sealing lock nut (23), and waterproof tape is wound between the through hole on the side wall of the outer box (11) and the sealing lock nut (23), and between the sealing lock nut (23) and the first temperature sensor (21) or the second temperature sensor (22); The first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) are both T-type thermocouples.

3. The shear zone temperature testing device for soil shearing process according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are three pore water pressure gauges (31) in total, and the three pore water pressure gauges (3) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box (12). There are three metal filter screens (32) in total, and the three metal filter screens (32) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box (12). The pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge (31) is connected to a metal filter screen (32) respectively, and the two parts are connected by a visualization container and a gap water pressure groove (18).

4. The method for using the shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Follow the steps below to implement: i. Settings: The outer box (11) is sleeved outside the inner box (12), and the bottom end of the reaction shaft (19) is rotatably arranged on the reaction shaft base to form a reaction shaft assembly. The upper part of the outer side surface of the reaction shaft (19) is provided with a reaction shaft boss (191). The bottom end of the reaction shaft (19) passes through the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) from top to bottom in sequence and is then fixed on the reaction shaft base, and the reaction shaft boss (191) is arranged in the inner box (12). The inner box (12) is connected to the reaction shaft boss (191) by means of the inner box fixing screws (18) so that the inner box (12) is fixed on the reaction shaft (5), and the lower plate is fixed. (14) a hoop is arranged on the reaction shaft base and the lower plate (14) is connected and fixed to the reaction shaft base by a lower plate screw (16), the reaction shaft base is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, the bottom surfaces of the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) are rotatably arranged on the lower plate (14), the contact surfaces between the bottom surfaces of the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) and the top surface of the lower plate (14) are provided with rubber rings and smeared with silicone grease, so that the central axes of the five parts, namely, the outer box (11), the inner box (12), the upper plate (13), the lower plate (14) and the reaction shaft assembly, are mutually coincident; A ring-shaped bottom filter paper is placed in the ring-shaped space between the outer box (11) and the inner box (12), and then a soil sample (5) is placed on the bottom filter paper. After the soil sample (5) is placed, a ring-shaped top filter paper is covered on the top of the soil sample (5); the upper plate (13) is inserted into the reaction shaft (19) and then clamped outside the top surface of the outer box (11) and the inner box (12), and the upper plate (13) is fixed to the inner box (12) and the outer box (11) by means of upper plate screws (15). The first temperature sensor (21) penetrates the side wall of the outer box (11) from the outer side surface of the side wall of the outer box (11), and the temperature probe of the first temperature sensor (21) passes through the inner side surface of the side wall of the outer box (11); Inserting the pore water pressure gauge (31) from the top of the inner box (12), attaching the metal filter (32) to the outer wall of the inner box (12), and connecting the pressure probe of the pore water pressure gauge (31) to the metal filter (32); Connecting the first temperature sensor (21) and the pore water pressure gauge (31) to the data acquisition device (4) via signal lines; The first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) first test the room temperature before testing the temperature of the soil sample (5) to debug the built-in acquisition program of the data acquisition device (4); ii. Shearing: The upper plate (13) is fixed with a shear arm, and the outer box (11) and the inner box (12) fixed to the upper plate (13) are fixed by the upper plate (13), and the lower plate (14) is driven by the driving motor to rotate, and the lower plate (14) drives the soil sample (17) to rotate, so that the soil sample (5) is subjected to the shear force and is destroyed along the interface between the lower plate (14) and the outer box (11) and the inner box (12); iii. Collection: When the soil sample (5) is sheared, the first temperature sensor (21) and the pore water pressure gauge (31) transmit temperature data and water pressure data of the soil sample (5) to the data acquisition device (4) in real time; The driving motor driving the lower plate (14) is stopped. After the lower plate (14) stops rotating, the second temperature sensor (22) is immediately inserted into the outer box (11) from the side wall of the outer box (11), and the temperature probe of the second temperature sensor (22) is arranged at the midpoint between the inner wall of the outer box (11) and the outer wall of the inner box (12). The second temperature sensor (22) transmits temperature data of the soil sample (5) after shearing to the data acquisition instrument (4).

5. The method for using the shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the i-th step, there are three first temperature sensors (21) in total, and the three first temperature sensors (21) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the outer box (11); Assume that the first temperature sensor (21) and the horizontal plane form an acute angle α, and the second temperature sensor (22) and the horizontal plane form an acute angle β, then: 5°<α≤25°, α<β≤35°; The first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) are both embedded with a sealing lock nut (23) at the point where they pass through the side wall of the outer box (11), that is, the sealing lock nut (23) is embedded in a through hole on the side wall of the outer box (11), the first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) pass through the side wall of the outer box (11) from each sealing lock nut (23), and waterproof tape is wound between the through hole on the side wall of the outer box (11) and the sealing lock nut (23), and between the sealing lock nut (23) and the first temperature sensor (21) or the second temperature sensor (22); The first temperature sensor (21) and the second temperature sensor (22) are both T-type thermocouples.

6. The method for using the shear band temperature testing device for soil shearing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the i-th step, there are three pore water pressure gauges (31) in total, and the three pore water pressure gauges (31) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box (12); there are three metal filter screens (32) in total, and the three metal filter screens (32) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the inner box (12); and the pressure probe of each pore water pressure gauge (31) is connected to a metal filter screen (32) respectively.

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