Variable pitch bearing detection method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a variable-pitch bearing detection method. The variable-pitch bearing detection method comprises the following steps: processing a simulation test block of a variable-pitch bearing with defects; scanning the outer circumferential surface of the simulation test block by adopting ultrasonic waves, and determining defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block; ultrasonic waves are adopted to scan the outer circumferential surface of the target variable-pitch bearing, and echo characteristics of the target variable-pitch bearing are determined; and judging whether the target variable-pitch bearing has defects or not according to whether the echo characteristics of the target variable-pitch bearing are consistent with the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block or not. Part of the target variable-pitch bearing can be restored in an original proportion through the simulation test block, so that defect feature data infinitely close to echoes of the target variable-pitch bearing are obtained, and the detection accuracy of the target variable-pitch bearing is improved; the outer circumferential surface of the variable-pitch bearing is free of protrusions or recesses, each area of the variable-pitch bearing can be detected by performing ultrasonic scanning on the outer circumferential surface of the variable-pitch bearing, the detection comprehensiveness of the variable-pitch bearing is improved, and the detection accuracy of the variable-pitch bearing is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure belong to the technical field of bearing detection, and specifically relate to a variable pitch bearing detection method. Background Art

[0002] The pitch bearing is an important part of the wind turbine, connecting the blades and the hub. The pitch bearing is divided into an inner ring, an outer ring, a cage and rollers. One side of the inner ring and the outer ring is connected to the blades, and the other side is connected to the hub. According to its structure, it can be divided into gearless type, internal gear type and external gear type.

[0003] In the related art, detection is performed on the side of the pitch bearing. Since the side of the pitch bearing is stepped, the detection is often limited by the steps, making it difficult to detect various areas of the pitch bearing. As a result, it is difficult to detect defects in the pitch bearing as early as possible, causing damage to the pitch bearing, thereby affecting the normal operation of the wind turbine and causing significant losses. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present disclosure aim to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provide a variable pitch bearing detection method.

[0005] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a pitch bearing detection method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Machining a simulated test block of a defective pitch bearing;

[0007] Scanning the outer circumference of the simulation test block by ultrasonic wave to determine the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block;

[0008] The outer circumferential surface of the target variable pitch bearing is scanned by ultrasonic wave to determine the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing;

[0009] Whether the target variable pitch bearing has defects is determined based on whether the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing are consistent with the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, judging whether the target pitch bearing has a defect according to whether the echo characteristics of the target pitch bearing match the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block specifically includes:

[0011] According to the fact that the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the defect echo and the echo shape of the pitch bearing is consistent with the shape of the defect echo, it is determined that the target pitch bearing has a defect.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, judging that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect echo and the echo shape of the pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the defect echo includes:

[0013] According to the fact that the position of the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the shape of the primary echo of the variable pitch bearing is consistent with the shape of the primary echo of the simulation test block, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0014] or

[0015] According to the fact that the position of the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the defect secondary echo and the shape of the secondary echo of the variable pitch bearing is consistent with the shape of the defect secondary echo, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, judging that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the primary echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the primary echo of the simulation test block and the shape of the primary echo of the pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the primary echo of the simulation test block specifically includes:

[0017] According to the fact that the primary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing is within the first defect position range L1 of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing has a peak, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0018] According to the fact that the primary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing is within the second defect position range L2 of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the primary echo of the variable pitch bearing has two peaks, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0019] Among them, L1<D 外min , D 外min ≤L2≤D 外max , D 外min D is the minimum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing. 外max It is the maximum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, judging that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the secondary echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect secondary echo and the shape of the secondary echo of the pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the defect secondary echo specifically includes:

[0021] According to the secondary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing being within the third defect position range L3 of the defect secondary echo, and the secondary echo of the variable pitch bearing having three peaks, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0022] According to the secondary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing being within the fourth defect position range L4 of the defect secondary echo, and the secondary echo of the variable pitch bearing having two peaks, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0023] Among them, T+D 内min ≤L3≤T+D 内max , L4 ≥ T + D 内max , T is the radial thickness of the pitch bearing, D 内min D is the minimum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole. 内max It is the maximum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, judging that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect echo and the echo shape of the pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the defect echo includes:

[0025] According to the fact that the position of the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the number of the primary phased array echo of the variable pitch bearing is equal to the number of the primary echo of the simulation test block, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0026] or

[0027] According to the fact that the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the defect secondary echo, and the number of secondary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing is equal to the number of defect secondary echoes, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, judging that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the primary phased array echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the number of the primary phased array echo of the pitch bearing being equal to the number of the primary echo of the simulation test block, specifically includes:

[0029] According to the position of the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the first defect position range L1 of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the number of the primary phased array echo of the variable pitch bearing being one, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0030] According to the position of the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the second defect position range L2 of the defect secondary echo, and the number of the primary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing being two, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0031] Among them, L1<D 外min , D 外min ≤L2≤D 外max , D 外min D is the minimum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing. 外max It is the maximum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, judging that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect secondary echo and the number of the secondary phased array echoes of the pitch bearing being equal to the number of the defect secondary echoes specifically includes:

[0033] According to the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the third defect position range L3 of the defect echo, and the number of the secondary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing being four, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0034] According to the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the fourth defect position range L4 of the defect echo, and the number of the secondary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing being three, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0035] Among them, T+D 内min ≤L3≤T+D 内max , L4 ≥ T + D 内max , T is the radial thickness of the pitch bearing, D 内min D is the minimum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole. 内max It is the maximum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, judging whether the target pitch bearing has a defect according to whether the echo characteristics of the target pitch bearing match the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block specifically includes:

[0037] According to the fact that the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the defect echo and the echo shape of the pitch bearing does not match the shape of the defect echo, it is determined that the target pitch bearing has no defects.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, judging whether the target pitch bearing has a defect according to whether the echo characteristics of the target pitch bearing match the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block specifically includes:

[0039] According to the fact that the echo shape of the target variable pitch bearing is consistent with the shape of the defect echo, and the position of the echo of the target variable pitch bearing is not within the defect position range of the defect echo, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has no defects.

[0040] The pitch bearing detection method of the embodiment of the present disclosure first processes a simulation test block of the pitch bearing with the target pitch bearing, and processes defects on the simulation test block, then performs a mobile scan on the outer circumferential surface of the simulation test block by an ultrasonic scanning probe to determine the echo characteristics of defects at different positions on the simulation test block, and then performs a mobile scan on the outer circumferential surface of the target pitch bearing by an ultrasonic scanning probe to determine the echo characteristics of the target pitch bearing, and finally compares the echo characteristics of the target pitch bearing with the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block, and determines whether the target pitch bearing has defects according to the comparison results. The pitch bearing detection method disclosed in the present disclosure can restore part of the target pitch bearing in the original proportion through the simulation test block to obtain defect feature data that is infinitely close to the echo of the target pitch bearing, thereby improving the accuracy of the target pitch bearing detection; there is no protrusion or depression on the outer circumferential surface of the pitch bearing, and each area of ​​the pitch bearing can be detected by performing an ultrasonic scan on the outer circumferential surface of the pitch bearing, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the pitch bearing detection, ensuring the normal operation of the pitch bearing, and avoiding affecting the normal operation of the wind turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a pitch bearing detection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a simulated test block test diagram of a pitch bearing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram of the test process of the simulated test block of the pitch bearing is shown;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a conventional ultrasonic primary echo of a bolt hole of a target pitch bearing;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the conventional ultrasonic primary echo of the bolt hole and defects of the target pitch bearing;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of conventional ultrasonic secondary echo of bolt hole, defect and inner circumference of target pitch bearing;

[0047] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the phased array ultrasonic primary echo of the bolt hole and defect of the target pitch bearing;

[0048] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the phased array ultrasonic secondary echo of the bolt hole and inner circumference of the target pitch bearing;

[0049] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of phased array ultrasonic secondary echo of the bolt hole, defect and inner circumference of the target pitch bearing.

[0050] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent the following:

[0051] 100, simulated test block; 101, bolt hole; 102, first defect; 103, second defect; 104, outer circumferential surface; 105, inner circumferential surface;

[0052] 200. Ultrasonic probe;

[0053] 301, primary echo; 302, secondary echo;

[0054] K, bolt hole echo; F, defect echo; D, inner circumference echo. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0056] It should be understood that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "include", "comprise", "contain", and "have" are inclusive, and therefore specify the existence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not interpreted as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the execution order is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0057] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.

[0058] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure, such as "inside", "outside", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "below", "above", "above", etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is turned over, then the elements described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features". Therefore, the example term "below..." can include both upper and lower orientations. The device can be oriented otherwise (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a pitch bearing detection method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0060] S100: Machining a simulated test block with a defective pitch bearing;

[0061] S200: Scanning the outer circumferential surface of the simulation test block by ultrasonic wave to determine the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block;

[0062] S300: Scanning the outer circumferential surface of the target variable pitch bearing by ultrasonic wave to determine the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing;

[0063] S400: Determine whether the target variable pitch bearing has a defect based on whether the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing match the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block.

[0064] According to the variable pitch bearing detection method disclosed in the present invention, firstly, a simulation test block 100 of the variable pitch bearing is processed with the target variable pitch bearing, and defects are processed on the simulation test block, then the ultrasonic scanning probe is used to move and scan on the outer circumferential surface of the simulation test block to determine the echo characteristics of defects at different positions on the simulation test block, and then the ultrasonic scanning probe is used to move and scan on the outer circumferential surface of the target variable pitch bearing to determine the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing, and finally the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing are compared with the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block, and it is determined whether the target variable pitch bearing has defects according to the comparison results. The detection method of the variable pitch bearing disclosed in the present invention can restore part of the target variable pitch bearing in the original proportion through the simulation test block to obtain defect characteristic data that is infinitely close to the echo of the target variable pitch bearing, thereby improving the accuracy of the target variable pitch bearing detection; there is no protrusion or depression on the outer circumferential surface of the variable pitch bearing, and each area of ​​the variable pitch bearing can be detected by ultrasonic scanning on the outer circumferential surface of the variable pitch bearing, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the variable pitch bearing detection, ensuring the normal operation of the variable pitch bearing, and avoiding affecting the normal operation of the wind turbine.

[0065] S100: Machining a simulated test block with a defective pitch bearing.

[0066] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, firstly, a simulation block 100 of a pitch bearing is processed according to the original proportion of the target pitch bearing. The simulation block 100 is a part of the pitch bearing. Since the pitch bearing is a centrally symmetrical structure, the ultrasonic echo characteristics of the entire pitch bearing can be obtained through the ultrasonic echo characteristics of the partial structure simulation block 100 of the pitch bearing, which reduces the processing difficulty and reduces the detection cost. A bolt hole 101 is processed on the simulation block 100, and a defect is processed on the simulation block 100. The defect can be at the position of the bolt hole 101, or the defect extends from the bolt hole 101 to the outer circumferential surface 104 of the pitch bearing, or the defect extends from the bolt hole 101 to the inner circumferential surface 105 of the pitch bearing. By processing defects at different positions of the simulation block 100, the echo characteristics of the defects at different positions are obtained, and the defect echo characteristic range data is obtained through the defect echo characteristics at multiple different positions, so as to provide a basis for the detection of defects of the target pitch bearing. In this embodiment, at least two bolt holes 101 are provided on the simulation test block 100, and at least two defects are provided on the simulation test block 100, wherein the first defect 102 is located at the position where the bolt hole 101 is closest to the outer circumferential surface 104, and the second defect 103 is located at the position where the bolt hole is closest to the inner circumferential surface 105. The defects in this embodiment refer to cracks.

[0067] S200: Scanning the outer circumferential surface of the simulation test block by ultrasonic wave to determine the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block.

[0068] Specifically, ultrasonic waves are transmitted on the outer circumferential surface 104 of the simulated test block 100, and the defect echo characteristics of the simulated test block 100 are determined by the received ultrasonic echoes. As the ultrasonic probe moves along the outer circumferential surface 104 of the simulated test block 100, ultrasonic waves are transmitted and received at different positions of the outer circumferential surface 104, so that the ultrasonic waves are ultrasonically inspected on each area of ​​the simulated test block 100 along the outer circumferential surface 104 of the simulated test block 100. The moving distance of the ultrasonic probe 200 along the outer circumferential surface 104 is the same each time, and the distance of the ultrasonic probe 200 along the outer circumferential surface 104 each time is small enough to ensure that the ultrasonic probe 200 can inspect each area of ​​the simulated test block 100.

[0069] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the ultrasonic probe 200 uses the primary echo 301 or the secondary echo 302 to detect the simulated test block 100. When a part of the simulated test block 100 cannot be detected by the primary echo, the secondary echo is used to detect the simulated test block 100. In addition, the ultrasonic probe 200 can be a conventional ultrasonic probe 200 or a phased array ultrasonic probe 200. When the ultrasonic probe 200 detects the simulated test block 100 on the outer circumferential surface 104 of the simulated test block 100, the echo characteristics of the defects at different positions of the simulated test block 100 are obtained, and then the echo characteristic range of the defects is obtained. When the ultrasonic probe 200 uses a primary echo 301 to detect the simulated test block 100, when the defect of the simulated test block 100 appears between the bolt hole 101 and the outer circumferential surface 104, the ultrasonic echo has a peak, or the ultrasonic echo shows a defect; when the defect of the simulated test block 100 appears near the bolt hole 101 or the defect is in contact with the bolt hole 101, the ultrasonic echo has two peaks, or the ultrasonic echo shows two defects.

[0070] S300: Scanning the outer circumferential surface of the target variable pitch bearing by ultrasonic wave to determine the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing.

[0071] Specifically, ultrasonic waves are transmitted on the outer circumferential surface 104 of the target variable pitch bearing, and the defect echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing are determined by the received ultrasonic echoes. As the ultrasonic probe moves along the outer circumferential surface 104 of the target variable pitch bearing, ultrasonic waves are transmitted and received at different positions of the outer circumferential surface 104, so that the ultrasonic waves are ultrasonically detected on each area of ​​the simulation test block 100 along the outer circumferential surface 104 of the target variable pitch bearing. The ultrasonic probe 200 moves the same distance along the outer circumferential surface 104 each time, and the distance along the outer circumferential surface 104 each time is small enough to ensure that the ultrasonic probe 200 can detect each area of ​​the target variable pitch bearing.

[0072] S400: Determine whether the target variable pitch bearing has a defect based on whether the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing match the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block.

[0073] Specifically, the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing are compared with the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block, and whether the target variable pitch bearing has defects is determined based on the comparison result.

[0074] Step S400 specifically includes:

[0075] S410: According to the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect echo and the echo shape of the pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the defect echo, it is determined that the target pitch bearing has a defect.

[0076] S420: According to the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect echo and the echo shape of the pitch bearing not being consistent with the shape of the defect echo, it is determined that the target pitch bearing has no defects.

[0077] S430: According to the fact that the echo shape of the target pitch bearing is consistent with the shape of the defect echo, and the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing is not within the defect position range of the defect echo, it is determined that the target pitch bearing has no defects.

[0078] Specifically, when the echo position of the target variable pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the defect echo, and the echo shape of the variable pitch bearing is consistent with the shape of the defect echo, it means that the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing are consistent with the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block. At this time, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect. When the echo position of the target variable pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the defect echo, but the echo shape of the variable pitch bearing does not match the defect echo shape of the simulation test block, such as cracks appearing on the bolt hole wall, the echo of the target variable pitch bearing has only one peak, and the echo peak of the target variable pitch bearing does not match the echo of the simulation test block with two peaks. At this time, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing does not have a defect. When the echo shape of the target variable pitch bearing matches the shape of the defect echo, but the position of the echo of the target variable pitch bearing does not match the defect position range of the defect echo, for example, the echo of the target variable pitch bearing has a peak, the defect echo of the simulated test block has a peak, but the echo position of the target variable pitch bearing is at the bolt hole, and the position of the defect of the simulated test block is between the bolt hole and the outer circumferential surface, at this time, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has no defects.

[0079] Step S410 specifically includes:

[0080] S411: According to the position of the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the shape of the primary echo of the variable pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the primary echo of the simulation test block, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0081] or

[0082] S412: According to the position of the secondary echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect secondary echo, and the shape of the secondary echo of the pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the defect secondary echo, it is determined that the target pitch bearing has a defect.

[0083] Specifically, the ultrasonic probe uses a primary echo or a secondary echo to detect the simulated test block. When a part of the simulated test block cannot be detected by a primary echo, the simulated test block is detected by a secondary echo to obtain the defect position range and morphology of the primary echo of the simulated test block, and the defect position range and morphology of the secondary echo of the simulated test block. Specifically, the ultrasonic probe includes a conventional ultrasonic probe and a phased array ultrasonic probe. The defect position range and morphology of the primary echo, and the defect position range and morphology of the secondary echo can be obtained by a conventional ultrasonic probe. The defect position range and morphology of the primary phased array echo, and the defect position range and morphology of the secondary phased array echo can be obtained by a phased array ultrasonic probe. Among them, the defect position range of the primary echo is the same as the defect position range of the primary phased array echo, and the defect position range of the secondary echo is the same as the defect position range of the secondary phased array echo.

[0084] Step S411 specifically includes:

[0085] According to the fact that the primary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing is within the first defect position range L1 of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing has a peak, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0086] According to the fact that the primary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing is within the second defect position range L2 of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the primary echo of the variable pitch bearing has two peaks, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0087] Among them, L1<D 外min , D 外min ≤L2≤D 外max , D 外min D is the minimum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing, in mm. 外max It is the maximum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing, in mm.

[0088] Specifically, when the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing falls within the first defect position range L1 of the simulation test block with a defect, and the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing has a peak within the first defect position range L1, and the primary echo of the simulation test block has a peak within the first defect position range L1, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect. Among them, the first defect position range of the simulation test block: 0<L1<D 外min, that is, when the primary echo of the target pitch bearing is located between the bolt hole and the outer circumferential surface of the pitch bearing.

[0089] When the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing falls within the second defect position range L2 of the simulation test block with defects, and the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing has two peaks within the second defect position range L2, and the primary echo of the simulation test block has two peaks within the second defect position range L2, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has defects. Among them, the second defect position range of the simulation test block: D 外min ≤L2≤D 外max , that is, when the primary echo of the target pitch bearing is located between the maximum distance and the minimum distance from the bolt hole to the outer circumference. Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of a conventional ultrasonic primary echo of a bolt hole and a defect of a target variable pitch bearing, where the horizontal axis is the echo position and the vertical axis is the amplitude. The primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing has two peaks when it is within the second defect position range, one of which is the defect echo F and the other is the bolt hole echo K, and the defect echo F is adjacent to the bolt hole echo K. Specifically, the range L2 of the second defect position is 60 to 80 mm. Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the conventional ultrasonic primary echo of the bolt hole of the target variable pitch bearing. The horizontal axis is the position of the echo, and the vertical axis is the amplitude. When the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing is located within the range of the second defect position and there is only one bolt hole echo K, it means that there is no defect in the target variable pitch bearing.

[0090] Step S412 specifically includes:

[0091] According to the secondary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing being within the third defect position range L3 of the defect secondary echo, and the secondary echo of the variable pitch bearing having three peaks, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0092] According to the secondary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing being within the fourth defect position range L4 of the defect secondary echo, and the secondary echo of the variable pitch bearing having two peaks, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0093] Among them, T+D 内min ≤L3≤T+D 内max , L4 ≥ T + D 内max , T is the radial thickness of the pitch bearing, in mm, D 内min D is the minimum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole, in mm. 内max It is the maximum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole, in mm.

[0094] Specifically, when the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing falls within the third defect position range L3 of the simulation test block with defects, and the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing has three peaks within the third defect position range L3, and the secondary echo of the simulation test block has three peaks within the third defect position range L3, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has defects. Among them, the third defect position L3 range of the simulation test block: T+D 内min ≤L3≤T+D 内max , that is, when the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing is greater than or equal to the minimum distance between the inner circumference of the variable pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole plus the sum of the radial thickness of the variable pitch bearing, and less than or equal to the maximum distance between the inner circumference of the variable pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole plus the sum of the radial thickness of the variable pitch bearing. The secondary echo is formed by the ultrasonic wave entering the variable pitch bearing from the outer circumference of the variable pitch bearing, and reflecting after reaching the inner circumference of the variable pitch bearing. Therefore, the position range of the secondary echo is the distance traveled by the ultrasonic wave in the variable pitch bearing, that is, the secondary echo includes the distance from the outer circumference to the inner circumference and the distance from the inner circumference to the edge of the bolt hole. Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of conventional ultrasonic primary echo of the bolt hole, defect and inner circumference of the target variable pitch bearing, the horizontal axis is the echo position, the vertical axis is the amplitude, and the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing has three peaks when it is within the third defect position range, one of which is the defect echo F, one is the bolt hole echo K, and the last one is the inner circumference echo D. Specifically, the range L3 of the third defect position is 110-130 mm.

[0095] When the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing falls within the fourth defect position range L4 of the simulation test block with defects, and the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing has two peaks within the fourth defect position range L4, and the secondary echo of the simulation test block has two peaks within the fourth defect position range L4, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has defects. Among them, the fourth defect position range of the simulation test block: L4 ≥ T + D 内max , that is, when the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing is greater than the maximum distance between the inner circumference of the variable pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole plus the radial thickness of the variable pitch bearing. When the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing is within the fourth defect position range, it has two peaks, one of which is the defect echo peak and the other is the inner circumference echo peak, and the two peaks are adjacent.

[0096] Step S410 specifically includes:

[0097] S413: According to the position of the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the number of the primary phased array echo of the variable pitch bearing being equal to the number of the primary echo of the simulation test block, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0098] or

[0099] S414: According to the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect secondary echo, and the number of the secondary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing being equal to the number of the defect secondary echoes, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect.

[0100] Specifically, the ultrasonic probe uses a primary echo or a secondary echo to detect the simulated test block. When a part of the simulated test block cannot be detected by a primary echo, the simulated test block is detected by a secondary echo to obtain the defect position range and morphology of the primary echo of the simulated test block, and the defect position range and morphology of the secondary echo of the simulated test block. Steps S413 and S414 are detected by a phased array ultrasonic probe. The phased array ultrasonic probe can be used to obtain the defect position range and morphology of the primary phased array echo, and the defect position range and morphology of the secondary phased array echo. Among them, the defect position range of the primary phased array echo is the same as the defect position range of the primary echo, and the defect position range of the secondary phased array echo is the same as the defect position range of the secondary echo.

[0101] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, steps S411 and S412 are for detecting the pitch bearing by using a conventional ultrasonic probe, and steps S413 and S414 are for detecting the pitch bearing by using a phased array ultrasonic probe. There is no sequential relationship between conventional ultrasonic detection and phased array ultrasonic detection. Conventional ultrasonic detection can be performed first through S411 and S412, and then phased array ultrasonic detection can be performed through S413 and S414. Alternatively, phased array ultrasonic detection can be performed first through S413 and S414, and then conventional ultrasonic detection can be performed through S411 and S412.

[0102] Step S413 specifically includes:

[0103] According to the position of the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the first defect position range L1 of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the number of the primary phased array echo of the variable pitch bearing being one, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0104] According to the position of the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the second defect position range L2 of the defect secondary echo, and the number of the primary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing being two, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0105] Among them, L1<D 外min , D 外min ≤L2≤D 外max , D 外min D is the minimum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing. 外max It is the maximum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing.

[0106] Specifically, when the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing falls within the first defect position range L1 of the simulation test block with defects, and the number of primary phased array echo features of the target variable pitch bearing within the first defect position range L1 is one, and the number of peaks of the primary phased array echo of the simulation test block within the first defect position range L1 is one, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has defects. Among them, the first defect position range of the simulation test block: 0<L1<D 外min , that is, when the primary phased array echo of the target pitch bearing is located between the bolt hole and the outer circumferential surface of the pitch bearing.

[0107] When the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing falls within the second defect position range L2 of the simulated test block with defects, and the number of primary phased array echoes of the target variable pitch bearing within the second defect position range L2 is two (two red areas in the figure), and the number of peaks of the primary phased array echo of the simulated test block within the second defect position range L2 is two, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has defects. Among them, the second defect position range of the simulated test block is: D 外min ≤L2≤D 外max , that is, when the primary phased array echo of the target pitch bearing is located between the maximum distance and the minimum distance from the bolt hole to the outer circumference. Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the phased array ultrasonic primary echo of the bolt hole and defect of the target variable pitch bearing. The primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing has two echo features when it is within the second defect position range, one of which is the defect phased array echo feature and the other is the bolt hole phased array echo feature, and the two phased array echo features are adjacent to each other.

[0108] Step S414 specifically includes:

[0109] According to the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the third defect position range L3 of the defect echo, and the number of the secondary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing being four, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0110] According to the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the fourth defect position range L4 of the defect echo, and the number of the secondary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing being three, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect;

[0111] Among them, T+D 内min ≤L3≤T+D 内max , L4 ≥ T + D 内max , T is the radial thickness of the pitch bearing, D 内min D is the minimum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole. 内max It is the maximum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole.

[0112] Specifically, when the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing falls within the third defect position range L3 of the simulated test block with defects, and the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing has four echo characteristics within the third defect position range L3, and the secondary phased array echo of the simulated test block has four echoes within the third defect position range L3, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has defects. Among them, the third defect position L3 range of the simulated test block: T+D 内min ≤L3≤T+D 内max , that is, when the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing is greater than or equal to the minimum distance between the inner circumference of the variable pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole plus the sum of the radial thickness of the variable pitch bearing, and less than or equal to the maximum distance between the inner circumference of the variable pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole plus the sum of the radial thickness of the variable pitch bearing. The secondary phased array echo is formed by the ultrasonic wave entering the variable pitch bearing from the outer circumference of the variable pitch bearing, and reflecting after reaching the inner circumference of the variable pitch bearing. Therefore, the position range of the secondary phased array echo is the distance traveled by the ultrasonic wave in the variable pitch bearing, that is, the secondary phased array echo includes the distance from the outer circumference to the inner circumference and the distance from the inner circumference to the edge of the bolt hole. Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the phased array ultrasonic secondary echo of the bolt hole, defect and inner circumference of the target variable pitch bearing. The secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing has four echo characteristics when it is within the third defect position range. The first one is the inner circumference phased array echo characteristic, the second one is the upper part of the bolt hole phased array echo characteristic, the third one is the lower part of the bolt hole phased array echo characteristic, and the fourth one is the defect array echo characteristic. Figure 8 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the phased array ultrasonic secondary echo of the bolt hole and inner circumference of the target variable pitch bearing. The secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing has three echo characteristics when it is within the third defect position range, the first of which is the phased array echo characteristic of the inner circumference, the second is the phased array echo characteristic of the upper part of the bolt hole, and the third is the phased array echo characteristic of the lower part of the bolt hole.

[0113] When the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing falls within the fourth defect position range L4 of the simulation test block with defects, and the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing has three echoes within the fourth defect position range L4, and the secondary phased array echo of the simulation test block has three echoes within the fourth defect position range L4, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has defects. Among them, the fourth defect position range of the simulation test block: L4 ≥ T + D 内max , that is, when the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing is greater than the maximum distance between the inner circumference of the variable pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole plus the radial thickness of the variable pitch bearing. When the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing is within the fourth defect position range, it has two echo features, namely two red areas, one of which is the defect phased array echo feature and the other is the inner circumference phased array echo feature, and the two peaks are adjacent.

[0114] It should be noted that the position range of the phased array ultrasonic echo is Figure 7 to Figure 9 The number of phased array echoes is determined by the waveform on the left. Figure 7 to Figure 9 The right pie chart in the figure is used to determine the

[0115] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A pitch bearing detection method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Machining a simulated test block of a defective pitch bearing; Scanning the outer circumference of the simulation test block by ultrasonic wave to determine the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block; The outer circumferential surface of the target variable pitch bearing is scanned by ultrasonic wave to determine the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing; Whether the target variable pitch bearing has defects is determined based on whether the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing are consistent with the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block.

2. The pitch bearing detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining whether the target variable pitch bearing has a defect according to whether the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing are consistent with the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block specifically includes: According to the fact that the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the defect echo and the echo shape of the pitch bearing is consistent with the shape of the defect echo, it is determined that the target pitch bearing has a defect.

3. The pitch bearing detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect echo and the echo shape of the pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the defect echo comprises: According to the fact that the position of the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the shape of the primary echo of the variable pitch bearing is consistent with the shape of the primary echo of the simulation test block, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect; or According to the fact that the position of the secondary echo of the target variable pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the defect secondary echo and the shape of the secondary echo of the variable pitch bearing is consistent with the shape of the defect secondary echo, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect.

4. The pitch bearing detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The determining that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the primary echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the primary echo of the simulation test block and the shape of the primary echo of the pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the primary echo of the simulation test block specifically includes: According to the fact that the primary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing is within the first defect position range L1 of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the primary echo of the target variable pitch bearing has a peak, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect; According to the fact that the primary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing is within the second defect position range L2 of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the primary echo of the variable pitch bearing has two peaks, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect; Among them, L1<D 外min , D 外min ≤L2≤D 外max , D 外min D is the minimum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing. 外max It is the maximum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing.

5. The pitch bearing detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The determining that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the secondary echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect secondary echo and the shape of the secondary echo of the pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the defect secondary echo specifically includes: According to the secondary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing being within the third defect position range L3 of the defect secondary echo, and the secondary echo of the variable pitch bearing having three peaks, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect; According to the secondary echo position of the target variable pitch bearing being within the fourth defect position range L4 of the defect secondary echo, and the secondary echo of the variable pitch bearing having two peaks, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect; Among them, T+D 内min ≤L3≤T+D 内max , L4 ≥ T + D 内max , T is the radial thickness of the pitch bearing, D 内min D is the minimum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole. 内max It is the maximum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole.

6. The pitch bearing detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect echo and the echo shape of the pitch bearing being consistent with the shape of the defect echo comprises: According to the fact that the position of the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the number of the primary phased array echo of the variable pitch bearing is equal to the number of the primary echo of the simulation test block, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect; or According to the fact that the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the defect secondary echo, and the number of secondary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing is equal to the number of defect secondary echoes, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect.

7. The pitch bearing detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The determining that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the primary phased array echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the number of the primary phased array echo of the pitch bearing being equal to the number of the primary echo of the simulation test block, specifically includes: According to the position of the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the first defect position range L1 of the primary echo of the simulation test block, and the number of the primary phased array echo of the variable pitch bearing being one, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect; According to the position of the primary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the second defect position range L2 of the defect secondary echo, and the number of the primary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing being two, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect; Among them, L1<D 外min , D 外min ≤L2≤D 外max , D 外min D is the minimum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing. 外max It is the maximum distance between the bolt hole and the outer circumference of the pitch bearing.

8. The pitch bearing detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The determining that the target pitch bearing has a defect according to the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target pitch bearing being within the defect position range of the defect secondary echo and the number of the secondary phased array echoes of the pitch bearing being equal to the number of the defect secondary echoes specifically includes: According to the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the third defect position range L3 of the defect echo, and the number of the secondary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing being four, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect; According to the position of the secondary phased array echo of the target variable pitch bearing being within the fourth defect position range L4 of the defect echo, and the number of the secondary phased array echoes of the variable pitch bearing being three, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has a defect; Among them, T+D 内min ≤L3≤T+D 内max , L4 ≥ T + D 内max , T is the radial thickness of the pitch bearing, D 内min D is the minimum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole. 内max It is the maximum distance between the inner circumference of the pitch bearing and the edge of the bolt hole.

9. The pitch bearing detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining whether the target variable pitch bearing has a defect according to whether the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing are consistent with the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block specifically includes: According to the fact that the position of the echo of the target pitch bearing is within the defect position range of the defect echo and the echo shape of the pitch bearing does not match the shape of the defect echo, it is determined that the target pitch bearing has no defects.

10. The pitch bearing detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining whether the target variable pitch bearing has a defect according to whether the echo characteristics of the target variable pitch bearing are consistent with the defect echo characteristics of the simulation test block specifically includes: According to the fact that the echo shape of the target variable pitch bearing is consistent with the shape of the defect echo, and the position of the echo of the target variable pitch bearing is not within the defect position range of the defect echo, it is determined that the target variable pitch bearing has no defects.

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