Dam gate automatic control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a dam gate automatic control method and system, and relates to the field of dam gate control, and the method comprises the steps: collecting dam operation real-time data and dam historical data, and constructing a dam safety operation evaluation model; the gate opening degree is calculated, and a gate control model is constructed according to the dam operation real-time data, the dam historical data and the gate opening degree; and formulating a gate control strategy according to the output of the dam safe operation evaluation model and the gate control model, and performing gate control according to the gate control strategy. According to the method, real-time data and historical data are comprehensively utilized, and a scientific dam safety operation evaluation model and a gate control model are constructed; the safety and the operation efficiency of the dam are improved, and the intelligent and automatic management is realized. A comprehensive, accurate and intelligent solution is provided for modern dam management, and manual operation errors are effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dam gate control, and in particular to a dam gate automatic control method and system. Background Art

[0002] As a key infrastructure in water conservancy projects, the safe operation and management of dams have always been the focus of attention of the engineering and academic circles. With the continuous expansion of the scale of water conservancy projects and the increasing complexity, traditional dam management methods can no longer meet the needs of modern water conservancy projects. In recent years, with the rapid development of information technology, artificial intelligence and automatic control technology, intelligent dam management systems have gradually become a research hotspot. Among them, gate control, as one of the core links of dam management, is of great significance to ensure the safe operation of dams, optimize water resources scheduling and improve power generation efficiency. However, the existing dam gate control methods still have many shortcomings, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, traditional gate control methods often rely on artificial experience and simple rule models, which are difficult to fully consider complex hydrological conditions and changeable meteorological factors, resulting in low control accuracy and difficulty in achieving accurate evaluation of the dam operation status; secondly, the existing control methods fail to effectively integrate multi-objective requirements such as dam structural safety, water resources scheduling and power generation benefits, and it is difficult to achieve global optimization of the dam system; thirdly, the current gate control system lacks in-depth mining and utilization of historical data, and cannot give full play to the advantages of big data analysis, and it is difficult to achieve effective early warning and response to extreme events.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, it is urgent to develop an intelligent gate control method that can comprehensively consider hydrology, meteorology, dam structure, power generation efficiency and other factors. This method should be able to collect and analyze dam operation data in real time, build a scientific and reasonable dam safety operation assessment model and gate control model, and formulate an intelligent gate control strategy based on these models. At the same time, the method should also have adaptive learning capabilities, be able to continuously optimize the control strategy, and improve the robustness and reliability of the system. In addition, the new control method should also be able to effectively integrate historical data and real-time data, improve the ability to predict and respond to extreme events, and thus comprehensively improve the safety and operation efficiency of the dam. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention is proposed in view of the problems that the existing dam gate control technology has low control accuracy, making it difficult to achieve accurate dam operation status assessment; fails to effectively integrate multi-objective requirements, making it difficult to achieve system global optimization; lacks in-depth use of historical data, making it difficult to effectively warn and respond to extreme events.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: by constructing a dam safety operation evaluation model and a gate control model, accurate evaluation of the dam operation status and intelligent control of the gates are achieved, effectively improving the safety and operation efficiency of the dam.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for automatic control of dam gates, comprising: collecting real-time dam operation data and dam historical data, and constructing a dam safety operation evaluation model; calculating the gate opening, and constructing a gate control model based on the real-time dam operation data, the dam historical data and the gate opening; formulating a gate control strategy based on the outputs of the dam safety operation evaluation model and the gate control model, and performing gate control according to the gate control strategy.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the dam gate automatic control method of the present invention, the real-time dam operation data includes hydrological data, meteorological data, dam structure monitoring data, gate operation data and turbine related data; the historical dam data includes historical hydrological data, historical meteorological data, historical dam structure monitoring data, historical gate operation data, historical power generation data, historical extreme event records and historical maintenance records.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the dam gate automatic control method of the present invention, wherein: constructing a dam safety operation evaluation model includes: calculating a comprehensive hydrological factor H(t) based on hydrological data and meteorological data; calculating a dam structure risk factor S(t) based on dam structure monitoring data; calculating an outflow Q(t) based on hydrological data and gate operation data; calculating power generation G(t) based on hydrological data and turbine-related data; and calculating a dam safety operation evaluation value E(t) by combining the comprehensive hydrological factor, dam structure risk factor, outflow and power generation to obtain a dam safety operation evaluation model.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the dam gate automatic control method of the present invention, the calculation of the comprehensive hydrological factor H(t) is as follows:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, H(t) represents the comprehensive hydrological factor, W(τ) represents the upstream water level, R(τ) represents the rainfall, I(τ) represents the inflow, α1 represents the adjustment parameter, t represents the current time, t0 represents the starting time, and τ represents the integral variable; the calculation formula of the dam structure risk factor S(t) is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Among them, S(t) represents the dam structure risk factor, represents the normalized dam displacement data, V(t) represents the dam vibration data, P(t) represents the seepage pressure data, β represents the adjustment parameter, and t represents the current time; the calculation formula of the outflow flow Q(t) is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] Among them, Q(t) represents the outflow flow, C represents the flow coefficient, A(t) represents the gate opening, g represents the gravity acceleration, and h(t) represents the water head height; the calculation formula of power generation G(t) is as follows:

[0016] G(t)=η·ρ·Q(t)·h(t)·g

[0017] Among them, G(t) represents the power generation, η represents the comprehensive efficiency of the turbine and generator, ρ represents the density of water, Q(t) represents the outflow flow, h(t) represents the head height, and g represents the acceleration of gravity. The calculation formula of the dam safety operation assessment value E(t) is as follows:

[0018] E(t)=γ1H(t)+γ2S(t)+γ3Q(t)+γ4G(t)

[0019] Among them, E(t) represents the dam safety operation assessment value, H(t) represents the comprehensive hydrological factor, S(t) represents the dam structure risk factor, Q(t) represents the outflow, G(t) represents the power generation, and γ1, γ2, γ3, and γ4 all represent weight coefficients.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the dam gate automatic control method of the present invention, the gate opening is calculated according to the upstream water level, comprehensive hydrological factors, outflow flow and head height, and the calculation formula of the gate opening is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, O g represents the gate opening, W(τ) represents the upstream water level, H(t) represents the comprehensive hydrological factor, Q(t) represents the outflow flow, and h(t) represents the head height.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the dam gate automatic control method of the present invention, the gate control model is constructed based on the gate opening, comprehensive hydrological factors and outflow flow, and the formula of the gate control model is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Where F represents the output of the gate control model, O g represents the gate opening, W(τ) represents the upstream water level, and Q(t) represents the outflow rate.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the dam gate automatic control method of the present invention, the gate control strategy includes: when E(t) < safety value, if F < first threshold, the dam operation state is judged to be low risk; if the first threshold ≤ F < second threshold, the dam operation state is judged to be medium risk; if F ≥ second threshold, the dam operation state is judged to be high risk; when E(t) ≥ safety value, if F ≤ second threshold, the dam operation state is judged to be low risk, if the second threshold ≤ F < third threshold, the dam operation state is judged to be medium risk; if F ≥ third threshold, the dam operation state is judged to be high risk; when the dam operation state is low risk, the gate opening is maintained at the first opening, and a safety notification is sent to the relevant departments to inform them The dam is in good operating condition before, and the monitoring system continues to monitor relevant data in real time, and records and analyzes data regularly; when the dam operating status is medium risk, the gate opening is adjusted to the second opening, and an early warning message is sent to the relevant departments, and the relevant departments are notified to make emergency response preparations, including the preparation of personnel and equipment to strengthen monitoring efforts, monitor all key parameters in real time, and report monitoring results regularly; when the dam operating status is high risk, the gate opening is adjusted to above the third opening, and an emergency warning is issued to all relevant departments and the public, the emergency evacuation procedure is initiated, emergency resources and rescue forces are deployed, real-time monitoring is strengthened, and timely acquisition of the latest data is ensured, and relevant departments are notified to be on duty 24 hours a day, ready to respond to emergencies at any time.

[0027] Another object of the present invention is to provide a dam gate automatic control system, including: a first model building module, used to collect real-time dam operation data and dam historical data, and build a dam safety operation assessment model; a second model building module, used to calculate the gate opening, and build a gate control model based on the real-time dam operation data, dam historical data and gate opening; a strategy formulation module, used to formulate a gate control strategy based on the output of the dam safety operation assessment model and the gate control model, and perform gate control according to the gate control strategy.

[0028] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned dam gate automatic control method are implemented.

[0029] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned dam gate automatic control method are implemented.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by comprehensively utilizing real-time data and historical data, a scientific dam safety operation assessment model and gate control model are constructed; multiple parameters such as comprehensive hydrological factors and dam structure risk factors are introduced to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the dam's operating status, and by accurately calculating the gate opening and designing a graded control strategy, the water resource scheduling efficiency and power generation efficiency are significantly improved; at the same time, the control strategy can be flexibly adjusted according to the real-time assessment results to effectively respond to different levels of risk situations. It not only improves the safety and operating efficiency of the dam, but also realizes the intelligent and automated management. It provides a comprehensive, accurate and intelligent solution for modern dam management, effectively reduces human operating errors, enhances the system's ability to respond to emergencies, and makes important contributions to the safe operation and benefit optimization of water conservancy projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a flow chart in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device in a third embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Reference Figure 1 , as an embodiment of the present invention, provides a dam gate automatic control method.

[0038] First, in the automatic control method of the dam gate provided by the present application, the terminal may include one or two processors and a memory for storing data, wherein the processor may include but is not limited to a processing system such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA. The above-mentioned terminal may also include a transmission device and an input and output device for communication functions. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that it does not limit the structure of the above-mentioned terminal. For example, the terminal may also include more or fewer components, or have different configurations.

[0039] The memory can be used to store computer programs, such as the computer program corresponding to the dam gate automatic control method in this embodiment. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory, that is, implementing the above method. The memory may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage systems, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some examples, the memory may further include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the terminal via a network. Examples of the above network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0040] The transmission device is used to receive or send data via a network. The above network includes a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the terminal. In one example, the transmission device includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, referred to as NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device can be a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, referred to as RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dam gate automatic control method, comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1: Collect real-time dam operation data and dam historical data to build a dam safety operation assessment model.

[0043] Specifically, the real-time dam operation data include hydrological data, meteorological data, dam structure monitoring data, gate operation data and turbine-related data; the historical dam data include historical hydrological data, historical meteorological data, historical dam structure monitoring data, historical gate operation data, historical power generation data, historical extreme event records and historical maintenance records.

[0044] Furthermore, based on the hydrological data and meteorological data, the comprehensive hydrological factor H(t) is calculated; the calculation of the comprehensive hydrological factor H(t) is as follows:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, H(t) represents the comprehensive hydrological factor, W(τ) represents the upstream water level, R(τ) represents the rainfall, I(τ) represents the inflow, α1 represents the adjustment parameter, t represents the current time, t0 represents the starting time, and τ represents the integral variable.

[0047] Preferably, the calculation of the comprehensive hydrological factor H(t) takes into account the upstream water level, rainfall and inflow, which can fully reflect the hydrological conditions and help to more accurately evaluate the hydrological pressure of the dam.

[0048] Furthermore, based on the dam structure monitoring data, the dam structure risk factor S(t) is calculated; the calculation formula of the dam structure risk factor S(t) is as follows:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, S(t) represents the dam structure risk factor, represents the normalized dam displacement data, V(t) represents the dam vibration data, P(t) represents the seepage pressure data, β represents the adjustment parameter, and t represents the current time.

[0051] Preferably, the calculation of the dam structure risk factor S(t) combines the dam displacement, vibration and seepage pressure data, which can comprehensively evaluate the safety status of the dam structure and facilitate the timely discovery of potential risks.

[0052] Furthermore, based on the hydrological data and gate operation data, the outflow Q(t) is calculated; the calculation formula of the outflow Q(t) is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, Q(t) represents the outflow flow, C represents the flow coefficient, A(t) represents the gate opening, g represents the gravitational acceleration, and h(t) represents the water head height.

[0055] Preferably, the calculation of the outflow flow Q(t) takes into account the flow coefficient, gate opening and head height, and can accurately calculate the outflow flow.

[0056] Furthermore, based on the hydrological data and turbine-related data, the power generation G(t) is calculated; the calculation formula of the power generation G(t) is as follows:

[0057] G(t)=η·ρ·Q(t)·h(t)·g

[0058] Among them, G(t) represents the power generation, η represents the comprehensive efficiency of the turbine and generator, ρ represents the density of water, Q(t) represents the outflow flow, h(t) represents the head height, and g represents the acceleration of gravity.

[0059] Preferably, the calculation of the power generation G(t) comprehensively considers the turbine efficiency, water density, outflow flow and head height, and the power generation can be accurately estimated.

[0060] Furthermore, the dam safety operation evaluation value E(t) is calculated by combining comprehensive hydrological factors, dam structure risk factors, outflow and power generation, and the dam safety operation evaluation model is obtained. The calculation formula of the dam safety operation evaluation value E(t) is as follows:

[0061] E(t)=γ1H(t)+γ2S(t)+γ3Q(t)+γ4G(t)

[0062] Among them, E(t) represents the dam safety operation assessment value, H(t) represents the comprehensive hydrological factor, S(t) represents the dam structure risk factor, Q(t) represents the outflow, G(t) represents the power generation, and γ1, γ2, γ3, and γ4 all represent weight coefficients.

[0063] The optimal dam safety operation assessment value combines comprehensive hydrological factors, dam structural risk factors, outflow and power generation. This multi-dimensional assessment method can fully reflect the operating status of the dam, taking into account not only safety factors but also power generation benefits. By combining multiple complex factors into one value, it provides managers with an intuitive and quantitative decision-making basis. This helps to quickly judge the overall operating status of the dam, especially in emergency situations.

[0064] S2: Calculate the gate opening and build a gate control model based on the real-time dam operation data, dam historical data and gate opening.

[0065] Specifically, the gate opening is calculated based on the upstream water level, comprehensive hydrological factors, outflow and head height. The calculation formula for the gate opening is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, O g represents the gate opening, W(τ) represents the upstream water level, H(t) represents the comprehensive hydrological factor, Q(t) represents the outflow flow, and h(t) represents the head height.

[0068] Preferably, based on the upstream water level, comprehensive hydrological factors, outflow flow and head height, the gate opening can be flexibly adjusted to achieve more precise water volume control.

[0069] Furthermore, the gate control model is constructed based on the gate opening, comprehensive hydrological factors and outflow flow. The formula of the gate control model is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Where F represents the output of the gate control model, O g represents the gate opening, W(τ) represents the upstream water level, and Q(t) represents the outflow rate.

[0072] Preferably, the gate control model takes into account the three key variables of gate opening, upstream water level and outflow, so that the control strategy can dynamically adapt to different hydrological conditions and operational requirements. Based on the gate control model, the system can quickly calculate the optimal control strategy based on real-time monitoring data, achieve precise control of the gate, respond to sudden hydrological changes, and greatly reduce the need for human intervention, improve operational efficiency, and reduce the risk of human error.

[0073] S3: Based on the output of the dam safety operation assessment model and the gate control model, formulate a gate control strategy and perform gate control according to the gate control strategy.

[0074] When E(t) < safety value 0.5, if F < the first threshold 50, the dam operation status is judged to be low risk; if the first threshold 50 ≤ F < the second threshold 100, the dam operation status is judged to be medium risk; if F ≥ the second threshold 100, the dam operation status is judged to be high risk;

[0075] When E(t)≥safety value 0.5, if F≤the second threshold value 100, the dam operation status is judged to be low risk; if the second threshold value 100≤F<the third threshold value 200, the dam operation status is judged to be medium risk; if the third threshold value F≥200, the dam operation status is judged to be high risk;

[0076] When the dam operation status is low risk, the gate opening is maintained at 20% of the first opening. At this time, a safety notice is sent to the relevant departments to inform them that the current dam operation status is good. The monitoring system continues to monitor the relevant data in real time and regularly records and analyzes the data.

[0077] When the dam operation status is medium risk, the gate opening is adjusted to the second opening of 40%. At this time, an early warning message is sent to the relevant departments, and the relevant departments are notified to make emergency response preparations, including the preparation of personnel and equipment to strengthen monitoring, monitor all key parameters in real time, and report monitoring results regularly;

[0078] When the dam's operating status is high-risk, the gate opening is adjusted to more than 80% of the third opening. At this time, an emergency warning is issued to all relevant departments and the public, the emergency evacuation procedure is initiated, emergency resources and rescue forces are deployed, real-time monitoring is strengthened, ensuring timely acquisition of the latest data, and notifying relevant departments to be on duty 24 hours a day to be ready to respond to emergencies at any time.

[0079] Preferably, by combining the outputs of the dam safety operation assessment model and the gate control model, it is possible to comprehensively consider hydrological factors, dam structure risk factors, outflow, power generation, gate opening and other data, thereby providing a more accurate and comprehensive assessment result; using the comprehensive output of the two models, the gate opening can be calculated and adjusted more accurately to ensure that under different hydrological conditions and operation requirements, the gate can be opened and closed in the best way to achieve the best water volume regulation effect; by combining the model output, the gate opening can be monitored and adjusted in real time to dynamically adapt to changes in upstream water levels, comprehensive hydrological factors and outflow, ensuring the stability and safety of dam operation; it can realize automatic and intelligent control of the system, reduce human intervention and operational errors, and improve overall operation efficiency. The system can respond and adjust quickly based on real-time data and comprehensive evaluation results to ensure that the best operating state can be maintained under various circumstances.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] Reference Figure 1-2 , as an embodiment of the present invention, provides a dam gate automatic control system, comprising:

[0082] The first model building module is used to collect real-time dam operation data and dam historical data to build a dam safety operation assessment model;

[0083] The second model building module is used to calculate the gate opening and build a gate control model based on the real-time dam operation data, the dam historical data and the gate opening;

[0084] The strategy formulation module is used to formulate a gate control strategy based on the output of the dam safety operation assessment model and the gate control model, and to perform gate control according to the gate control strategy.

[0085] For the specific definition of the dam gate automatic control system, please refer to the definition of the dam gate automatic control method above, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the above dam gate automatic control system can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and their combination. The above modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to the above modules.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] Reference Figure 2 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention. Based on the first two embodiments, the embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory and a network interface connected via a system bus. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium.

[0088] The database of the computer device is used to store action detection data. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps in any of the above-mentioned sparse tensor operation acceleration method embodiments are implemented.

[0089] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 2 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0090] In one embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in any of the above-mentioned sparse tensor operation acceleration method embodiments are implemented.

[0091] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory or optical memory, etc. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM).

[0092] Example 4

[0093] As an embodiment of the present invention, a dam gate automatic control method is provided. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, a scientific demonstration is carried out through simulation experiments.

[0094] Specifically, a large reservoir dam located on a river in a certain province and city was selected as the research object. The dam is a concrete gravity dam with a height of 145 meters, a dam crest length of 980 meters, a normal water storage level of 175 meters, and a total storage capacity of 3.93 billion cubic meters. The dam is equipped with 8 flood discharge gates and 6 hydro-turbine generator sets.

[0095] Furthermore, historical data of the dam over the past 10 years were collected, including historical hydrological data, historical meteorological data, historical dam structure monitoring data, historical gate operation data, historical power generation data, historical extreme event records, and historical maintenance records. These historical data were collated and preprocessed for model training and verification.

[0096] Furthermore, in order to verify the effectiveness of the model, a one-month period from June 1, 2023 to June 30, 2023 was selected for the experiment. During this period, real-time data was collected every hour, and relevant indicators and evaluation values ​​were calculated according to the method in the invention content. At the same time, for comparative analysis, traditional dam safety assessment methods and gate control methods were also selected as control groups. The experimental results are shown in the following table:

[0097] Table 1 Comparison of dam safety operation assessment and gate control test results

[0098]

[0099] Furthermore, it can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the comprehensive hydrological factors calculated by the method of the present invention are generally lower than those of the traditional method, with an average reduction of about 6.5%. This shows that the method of the present invention can more comprehensively reflect the hydrological situation when considering the upstream water level, rainfall and inflow, and avoids the possible overestimation problem of the traditional method. Especially during the heavy rainfall period from June 15 to 17, the comprehensive hydrological factors of the method of the present invention increased less, showing a more stable performance;

[0100] Furthermore, the dam structure risk factor calculated by the method of the present invention is on average about 9.3% lower than that of the traditional method. This shows that the method of the present invention can more accurately evaluate the safety status of the dam structure by combining the dam displacement, vibration and seepage pressure data, thus avoiding the risk exaggeration problem that may exist in the traditional method.

[0101] Furthermore, the outflow and power generation of the method of the present invention during the entire experimental period were higher than those of the traditional method, with an average increase of about 11.2% and 12.8% respectively. This shows that the method of the present invention can more effectively utilize water resources and improve power generation efficiency while ensuring safety. Especially during the heavy rainfall period (June 15 to 17), the advantages of the outflow and power generation of the method of the present invention were more obvious, fully demonstrating its regulation ability under extreme conditions.

[0102] Furthermore, the dam safety operation assessment value of the method of the present invention is generally higher than that of the traditional method, with an average increase of about 10.5%. This shows that the method of the present invention can more comprehensively and accurately assess the operating status of the dam by comprehensively considering multiple factors. Even during heavy rainfall, the assessment value of the method of the present invention remains at a relatively safe level, showing good stability and reliability.

[0103] Furthermore, the gate opening adjustment of the method of the present invention during the entire experiment was more flexible, and on average was about 13.6% higher than that of the traditional method. This shows that the method of the present invention can control the gate more accurately according to the real-time situation, and can maintain a smaller opening to save water resources under normal circumstances, and can increase the opening in time to cope with flood risks in extreme cases.

[0104] Furthermore, the control strategy accuracy of the method of the present invention is significantly higher than that of the traditional method, with an average increase of about 10.8 percentage points. This fully proves the superiority of the method of the present invention in formulating gate control strategies, and can more accurately respond to various complex hydrological and structural conditions.

[0105] It is particularly noteworthy that the method of the present invention showed significant advantages during the heavy rainfall period from June 15 to 17. During this period, the gate opening adjustment of the method of the present invention was more timely and reasonable, and the outflow flow and power generation were significantly higher than those of the traditional method, while maintaining a high dam safety operation assessment value and control strategy accuracy. This fully proves the effectiveness and reliability of the method of the present invention in dealing with extreme weather events.

[0106] In summary, this one-month experiment fully verified the effectiveness and superiority of the dam safety operation assessment and gate control method proposed in the present invention. This method can not only more accurately assess the safety status of the dam, but also improve the water resource utilization efficiency and power generation under the premise of ensuring safety. Especially in the face of extreme weather events, the method of the present invention shows stronger adaptability and control ability. This is of great significance for improving the safety and economic benefits of dams and responding to the challenges brought by climate change.

[0107] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dam gate automatic control method, characterized in that: include: Collect real-time dam operation data and historical dam data to build a dam safety operation assessment model; Calculating the gate opening, and building a gate control model according to the real-time dam operation data, the historical dam data and the gate opening; A gate control strategy is formulated according to the outputs of the dam safety operation assessment model and the gate control model, and gate control is performed according to the gate control strategy.

2. The dam gate automatic control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time dam operation data include hydrological data, meteorological data, dam structure monitoring data, gate operation data and turbine related data; the historical dam data include historical hydrological data, historical meteorological data, historical dam structure monitoring data, historical gate operation data, historical power generation data, historical extreme event records and historical maintenance records.

3. The dam gate automatic control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The construction of the dam safety operation assessment model includes: Based on hydrological and meteorological data, calculate the comprehensive hydrological factor H(t); Calculate the dam structure risk factor S(t) based on the dam structure monitoring data; Calculate the outflow Q(t) based on hydrological data and gate operation data; Calculate the power generation G(t) based on hydrological data and turbine related data; Combining comprehensive hydrological factors, dam structure risk factors, outflow and power generation, the dam safety operation assessment value E(t) is calculated to obtain the dam safety operation assessment model.

4. The dam gate automatic control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation of the comprehensive hydrological factor H(t) is as follows: Among them, H(t) represents the comprehensive hydrological factor, W(τ) represents the upstream water level, R(τ) represents the rainfall, I(τ) represents the inflow, α1 represents the adjustment parameter, t represents the current time, t0 represents the starting time, and τ represents the integral variable; The calculation formula of the dam structure risk factor S(t) is as follows: Among them, S(t) represents the dam structure risk factor, represents the normalized dam displacement data, V(t) represents the dam vibration data, P(t) represents the seepage pressure data, β represents the adjustment parameter, and t represents the current time; The calculation formula of the outbound flow Q(t) is as follows: Among them, Q(t) represents the outflow flow, C represents the flow coefficient, A(t) represents the gate opening, g represents the gravitational acceleration, and h(t) represents the water head height; The calculation formula of the power generation G(t) is as follows: G(t)=η·ρ·Q(t)·h(t)·g Among them, G(t) represents the power generation, η represents the comprehensive efficiency of the turbine and generator, ρ represents the density of water, Q(t) represents the outflow flow, h(t) represents the water head height, and g represents the acceleration of gravity; The calculation formula of the dam safety operation assessment value E(t) is as follows: E(t)=γ1H(t)+γ2S(t)+γ3Q(t)+γ4G(t) Among them, E(t) represents the dam safety operation assessment value, H(t) represents the comprehensive hydrological factor, S(t) represents the dam structure risk factor, Q(t) represents the outflow, G(t) represents the power generation, and γ1, γ2, γ3, and γ4 all represent weight coefficients.

5. The dam gate automatic control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gate opening is calculated based on the upstream water level, comprehensive hydrological factors, outflow and head height. The calculation formula of the gate opening is as follows: Among them, O g represents the gate opening, W(τ) represents the upstream water level, H(t) represents the comprehensive hydrological factor, Q(t) represents the outflow flow, and h(t) represents the head height.

6. The dam gate automatic control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gate control model is constructed based on the gate opening, comprehensive hydrological factors and outflow flow. The formula of the gate control model is as follows: Where F represents the output of the gate control model, O g represents the gate opening, W(τ) represents the upstream water level, and Q(t) represents the outflow rate.

7. The dam gate automatic control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gate control strategy includes: When E(t) < safety value, if F < first threshold, the dam operation status is judged to be low risk; If the first threshold ≤ F < the second threshold, the dam operation status is judged to be medium risk; if F ≥ the second threshold, the dam operation status is judged to be high risk; When E(t)≥safety value, if F≤the second threshold, the dam operation status is judged to be low risk; if the second threshold≤F<the third threshold, the dam operation status is judged to be medium risk; if F≥the third threshold, the dam operation status is judged to be high risk; When the dam operation status is low risk, the gate opening is maintained at the first opening, and a safety notice is sent to the relevant departments to inform them that the current dam operation status is good. The monitoring system continues to monitor the relevant data in real time and regularly records and analyzes the data; When the dam operation status is medium risk, the gate opening is adjusted to the second opening, and an early warning message is sent to the relevant departments, and the relevant departments are notified to make emergency response preparations, including the preparation of personnel and equipment to strengthen monitoring, monitor all key parameters in real time, and report monitoring results regularly; When the dam's operating status is high-risk, the gate opening is adjusted to above the third opening. At this time, an emergency warning is issued to all relevant departments and the public, the emergency evacuation procedure is initiated, emergency resources and rescue forces are deployed, real-time monitoring is strengthened, the latest data is obtained in a timely manner, and relevant departments are notified to conduct 24-hour duty and be ready to respond to emergencies at any time.

8. A system using the dam gate automatic control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: The first model building module is used to collect real-time dam operation data and dam historical data to build a dam safety operation assessment model; A second model building module is used to calculate the gate opening and build a gate control model according to the real-time dam operation data, the historical dam data and the gate opening; A strategy formulation module is used to formulate a gate control strategy based on the output of the dam safety operation assessment model and the gate control model, and perform gate control according to the gate control strategy.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the dam gate automatic control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the dam gate automatic control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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