Urban building distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment method and device and processing equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an urban building distributed photovoltaic power generation potential evaluation method and device and processing equipment, provides a novel urban building distributed photovoltaic power generation potential evaluation scheme based on high-precision multi-source data and a digital simulation technology, constructs a more comprehensive evaluation system, and improves the evaluation efficiency. The power generation potential, economic benefits and environmental benefits of distributed photovoltaic power generation of urban buildings can be comprehensively and accurately evaluated and analyzed scientifically and reasonably, and powerful data support can be provided for urban photovoltaic resource development work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a field, specifically to a method, device and processing equipment for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy, excessive greenhouse gas emissions have led to the continuous strengthening of the greenhouse effect, causing a series of global climate change and environmental pollution problems. Three-quarters of global greenhouse gas emissions come from energy consumption emissions, but the demand for energy is increasing. Therefore, it is important to actively promote the transformation of the energy system and increase the proportion of renewable energy utilization.

[0003] Under this circumstance, the contradiction between energy supply and demand and environmental degradation is more obvious in urban areas. Urban areas are the focus of carbon emission management work. Reasonable planning and development of urban solar photovoltaic resource utilization can effectively alleviate the contradiction between urban energy consumption and economic development and climate warming. The large-scale development and application of photovoltaic power generation systems in cities has become an inevitable trend.

[0004] However, the current land shortage in urban central areas makes it impossible to install centralized photovoltaic systems on a large scale. However, the solar energy resources that can be received on the surface of buildings are abundant and have not yet been developed and utilized on a large scale, which provides good conditions for the large-scale installation and deployment of distributed photovoltaic power generation systems. Therefore, scientifically and accurately grasping the time, location and quantity of solar energy resources on the surface of urban buildings and evaluating the actual application development potential of distributed photovoltaics in buildings are of great guiding significance for the installation and deployment of distributed photovoltaic power generation systems in urban buildings.

[0005] However, the inventors of this application have discovered that the current methods for evaluating the potential for development and utilization of photovoltaic power on urban building surfaces are mainly based on zoning the city, analyzing the relationship between relevant indicators of the building complex and obtaining solar radiation, calculating the building surface area that can be used for photovoltaic power generation and the specific solar radiation distribution, and then calculating the power generation. Although a large number of evaluation technologies are currently available, there are still certain limitations in the evaluation effect. For example, the research mainly evaluates the photovoltaic output potential on the power generation side, and there is a lack of research on the utilization potential after the actual application of photovoltaic systems in urban environments. In addition, the indicators in the evaluation system are not perfect, and the influencing factors in the building environment, market economy, and technical limitations are not considered comprehensively. In addition, there is a lack of precise correlation analysis and quantitative verification, and empirical assignment of photovoltaic usable area coefficients for different building types. In addition, the spatial and temporal resolution of the used data is low, and there is a lack of unified planning for the overall solar photovoltaic resources in the city. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a method, device and processing equipment for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings. Based on high-precision multi-source data and digital simulation technology, a novel scheme for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings is provided, and a more comprehensive evaluation system is constructed based on this. The system can more comprehensively and accurately conduct scientific and reasonable evaluation and analysis of the power generation potential, economic benefits and environmental benefits of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings, and can provide strong data support for the development of photovoltaic resources in cities.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings, the method comprising:

[0008] Obtaining urban road network data and building surface contour data of the city to be evaluated, wherein the building surface contour data specifically includes morphological contour data of building roofs and building facades;

[0009] Through the different blocks divided by the urban road network data, the building surface contour data is split into block block building surface contour data with block block granularity;

[0010] Based on the building surface profile data of the block, the solar radiation and building energy consumption of the corresponding target block are simulated. During the simulation, the photovoltaic output potential and energy demand of the target block are analyzed. The distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of the target block is evaluated by combining the preset evaluation indicators. The distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of different blocks is integrated to obtain the evaluation results of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

[0011] Analyze the economic and environmental benefits corresponding to the evaluation results of distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a device for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings, the device comprising:

[0013] An acquisition unit is used to acquire urban road network data and building surface contour data of the city to be evaluated, wherein the building surface contour data specifically includes morphological contour data of building roofs and building facades;

[0014] A splitting unit is used to split the building surface contour data into block block building surface contour data with block block granularity through different block blocks divided by the urban road network data;

[0015] A processing unit is used to simulate the solar radiation and building energy consumption of the corresponding target block based on the building surface profile data of the block, and in the simulation process, analyze the photovoltaic output potential and energy demand of the target block, evaluate the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of the target block in combination with the preset evaluation index, integrate the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of different blocks, and obtain the evaluation result of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings;

[0016] The analysis unit is used to analyze the economic and environmental benefits corresponding to the evaluation results of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present application provides a processing device, including a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor calls the computer program in the memory, the method provided in the first aspect of the present application or any possible implementation method of the first aspect of the present application is executed.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores multiple instructions, and the instructions are suitable for a processor to load to execute the method provided by the first aspect of the present application or any possible implementation of the first aspect of the present application.

[0019] From the above content, it can be concluded that the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present application first obtains the urban road network data and building surface contour data of the city to be evaluated, wherein the building surface contour data specifically includes the morphological contour data of the building roof and the building facade, and then splits the building surface contour data into block block building surface contour data with block block granularity through the different blocks divided by the urban road network data. At this time, the solar radiation and building energy consumption of the corresponding target block block are simulated based on the block block building surface contour data, and in the simulation process, the photovoltaic output potential and energy demand of the target block block are analyzed, and the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of the target block block is evaluated in combination with preset evaluation indicators. The distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of different blocks is integrated to obtain the evaluation results of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings, and the economic benefits and environmental benefits corresponding to the evaluation results are analyzed. In this process, the present application provides a novel urban building distributed photovoltaic power generation potential evaluation scheme based on high-precision multi-source data and digital simulation technology, and thereby constructs a more comprehensive evaluation system, which can more comprehensively and accurately conduct scientific and reasonable evaluation and analysis of the power generation potential, economic benefits and environmental benefits of distributed photovoltaic power generation of urban buildings, and can provide strong data support for the development of urban photovoltaic resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings in this application;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a scenario of a method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings in this application;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a structure of a device for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings according to the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the processing equipment of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments described here can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules clearly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The naming or numbering of steps in this application does not mean that the steps in the method flow must be executed in the time / logical sequence indicated by the naming or numbering. The process steps that have been named or numbered can change the execution order according to the technical purpose to be achieved, as long as the same or similar technical effects can be achieved.

[0028] The division of modules in this application is a logical division. There may be other division methods when it is implemented in actual applications. For example, multiple modules can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between modules can be electrical or other similar forms, which are not limited in this application. In addition, the modules or submodules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, may or may not be physical modules, or may be distributed in multiple circuit modules, and some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present application.

[0029] Before introducing the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings provided in this application, the background content involved in this application is first introduced.

[0030] The method, device and computer-readable storage medium for evaluating the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings provided in this application can be applied to processing equipment. Based on high-precision multi-source data and digital simulation technology, a novel scheme for evaluating the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings is provided, and a more comprehensive evaluation system is constructed therefrom. The method and device for evaluating the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings, as well as the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to processing equipment. A more comprehensive and accurate scientific and reasonable evaluation and analysis of the power generation potential, economic benefits and environmental benefits of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings can be conducted, and strong data support can be provided for the development of urban photovoltaic resources.

[0031] The method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings mentioned in this application can be executed by a distributed photovoltaic power generation potential evaluation device for urban buildings, or a server, a physical host, or a user equipment (UE) or other different types of processing equipment that integrates the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential evaluation device for urban buildings. Among them, the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential evaluation device for urban buildings can be implemented in hardware or software, and the UE can be a terminal device such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, or a personal digital assistant (PDA), and the processing device can be set in a device cluster.

[0032] It can be understood that, considering that the scheme of the present application is mainly data processing carried out on the basis of the acquired ready-made data, in specific applications, the processing equipment that executes the urban building distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment method provided by the present application, or the processing equipment equipped with the corresponding application service of the urban building distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment method provided by the present application, only needs to meet the data processing capability requirements, and can be configured with the corresponding specific equipment type and equipment deployment form according to the actual situation, and the present application does not make specific limitations here.

[0033] Next, we will introduce the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings provided by this application.

[0034] First, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process of the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings of the present application is shown. The method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings provided by the present application may specifically include the following steps S101 to S104:

[0035] Step S101, obtaining urban road network data and building surface contour data of the city to be evaluated, wherein the building surface contour data specifically includes morphological contour data of building roofs and building facades;

[0036] It can be understood that in order to assess the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings, this application scheme specifically introduces data processing at the block granularity level. In this regard, in addition to the building surface contour data of the city to be assessed, it is also necessary to obtain the urban road network data of the city to be assessed to provide data support for the block blocks that divide the data processing units / ranges.

[0037] In this case, compared with the photovoltaic power generation potential assessment method for the city as a whole and individual buildings, this application is based on the urban block scale. By combining the characteristics of individual buildings with building types, the block sample characteristics are constructed, which can describe the characteristics of the two- and three-dimensional environment inside the city in detail, and thus obtain a clearer photovoltaic power generation potential assessment effect, which is also conducive to the promotion of overall urban planning.

[0038] It is worth noting that for evaluating the photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings, this application not only pays attention to the conventional building roofs, but also pays extra attention to the building facades. In this way, the facade evaluation can be used to quantify the impact of the shadow effect of mutual shading between buildings on the amount of solar radiation received by the building surface, thereby increasing the evaluation dimension and further optimizing the evaluation effect of the photovoltaic power generation potential.

[0039] Among them, the acquisition and processing of the two types of data here, in actual situations, is usually the acquisition and processing of ready-made data. In other words, both of them are existing data that can be directly obtained, and can be manually entered or automatically extracted from a specific address. Of course, in some cases, it is not ruled out that the two types of data here can be obtained through real-time data collection and processing. For example, an improved or even self-developed acquisition solution can be used to achieve the data acquisition goal.

[0040] As an exemplary embodiment, step S101 here obtains the urban road network data and building surface contour data of the city to be evaluated, which may specifically include:

[0041] Extract urban road network data of the city to be evaluated from OpenStreetMap;

[0042] The building surface contour data of the city to be evaluated is captured from the map navigation platform.

[0043] Among them, OpenStreetMap is an open source and free map database. For this application, it has better data quality and convenient acquisition cost, so it has better application value.

[0044] The map navigation platform may specifically be different map navigation platform products that exist in actual situations, such as Amap and Baidu Map. In specific operations, it can be obtained by querying in a visual application (Application, APP) or through an application programming interface (Application Programming Interface, API) at the background level.

[0045] Step S102, splitting the building surface contour data into block block building surface contour data of block block granularity according to different block blocks divided by the urban road network data;

[0046] It can be understood that after obtaining the urban road network data and building surface contour data at the overall level, different blocks can be divided based on the urban road network data to form a block block data set, and then the corresponding building surface contour data can be obtained from the building surface contour data according to the corresponding point of interest (POI), so as to form block block building surface contour data with block block granularity.

[0047] It is easy to understand that each block obtained through division becomes a new assessment unit / scope.

[0048] In this way, in the subsequent analysis work of this application, based on the urban block scale, the block sample characteristics are constructed by combining the characteristics of individual buildings and building types, which can describe the characteristics of the two- and three-dimensional environment inside the city in detail, and thus obtain a clearer photovoltaic power generation potential assessment effect, which is also conducive to the promotion of overall urban planning.

[0049] In addition, it is understandable that for the blocks divided based on the urban road network data, it is generally understood that the blocks are divided directly according to the roads, but in some cases, the blocks directly divided according to the roads can be combined or split according to the actual situation to form new blocks that are more delicate and more in line with actual evaluation needs, thereby achieving a fine-tuning effect.

[0050] Step S103, based on the building surface contour data of the block block, simulate the solar radiation and building energy consumption of the corresponding target block block, and in the simulation process, analyze the photovoltaic output potential and energy demand of the target block block, evaluate the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of the target block block in combination with preset evaluation indicators, integrate the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of different blocks, and obtain the evaluation result of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

[0051] It can be understood that after obtaining the block building surface contour data at the block granularity, the specific urban building distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment process can be promoted. In this process, the simulation of solar radiation and building energy consumption of each block (the block currently being processed is recorded as the target block) can be involved.

[0052] Therefore, during the simulation process, the photovoltaic output potential and energy demand of the target block can be analyzed at the block granularity, and the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of the target block can be evaluated in combination with preset evaluation indicators during the analysis process. The distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of different blocks obtained in this way can be integrated to obtain the overall evaluation result of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

[0053] For simulation processing, the solar radiation (which directly corresponds to the photovoltaic radiation power generation) and building energy consumption on the building surfaces in each block of the city can be obtained through software simulation, providing a data basis for the construction of an evaluation index system for photovoltaic development and utilization.

[0054] As an example, simulation processing can be carried out based on the Rhinoceros / Grasshopper platform. Various requirements can be parametrically compiled in the Grasshopper platform and three-dimensionally visualized through the Rhinoceros platform. Ladybug Tools is a plug-in based on the Grasshopper platform, including modules such as Ladybug, Honeybee and Dragonfly.

[0055] Among them, it is necessary to understand that, in actual situations, for the Rhinoceros / Grasshopper platform involved in the example here, it is a data processing tool that provides support for the simulation environment, and how to simulate and what kind of processing to do based on the simulation results need to be configured. In other words, the data processing tool plays the role of carrying / implementing the processing logic of the present application solution, rather than saying that the processing logic of the present application solution itself is provided by the data processing tool.

[0056] At this point, it can be seen that the method proposed in this application is a physical model, or is implemented in the form of a physical model. Compared with the empirical assignment sampling method and machine learning model method commonly used in the prior art, the evaluation indicators are comprehensive, the uncertainty of the evaluation results is small, the evaluation accuracy is high, and it is transferable. In actual situations, it can be beneficial to be applied to the analysis of urban internal environments with complete data on various types of buildings.

[0057] Step S104, analyzing the economic benefits and environmental benefits corresponding to the evaluation results of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

[0058] It can be seen that compared with the method of only evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of photovoltaic power generation, this application also adds an assessment of economic benefits. On the basis of the previously determined evaluation results of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings, further analysis and processing of economic and environmental benefits are continued.

[0059] In this way, the calculation of the deployment and configuration cost of distributed photovoltaic power generation in buildings as a city's decarbonization power resource will have a more comprehensive evaluation content and better practical value when provided with richer data support.

[0060] from Figure 1 It can be seen from the illustrated embodiment that the present application first obtains the urban road network data and building surface contour data of the city to be evaluated, wherein the building surface contour data specifically includes the morphological contour data of the building roof and the building facade, and then the building surface contour data is split into block block building surface contour data of block block granularity through the different blocks divided by the urban road network data. At this time, the solar radiation and building energy consumption of the corresponding target block block are simulated based on the block block building surface contour data, and in the simulation process, the photovoltaic output potential and energy demand of the target block block are analyzed, and the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of the target block block is evaluated in combination with the preset evaluation indicators, and the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of different blocks is integrated to obtain the evaluation results of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings, and the economic benefits and environmental benefits corresponding to the evaluation results are analyzed. In this process, the present application provides a novel urban building distributed photovoltaic power generation potential evaluation scheme based on high-precision multi-source data and digital simulation technology, and thereby constructs a more comprehensive evaluation system, which can more comprehensively and accurately conduct scientific and reasonable evaluation and analysis of the power generation potential, economic benefits and environmental benefits of distributed photovoltaic power generation of urban buildings, and can provide strong data support for the development of urban photovoltaic resources.

[0061] Continue to the above Figure 1 Each step of the illustrated embodiment and possible implementation methods thereof in practical applications are described in detail.

[0062] refer to Figure 2A schematic diagram of a scenario of the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings of the present application is shown. For the photovoltaic output potential analysis process based on the simulation process in step S103, as an exemplary embodiment, the analysis content of the photovoltaic output potential may include five aspects: physical potential, geographical potential, economic potential, technical potential and installation potential. Specifically, there are:

[0063] 1) Physical potential

[0064] The physical potential characterizes the amount of solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface under the influence of the atmospheric environment, as a theoretical amount of radiation.

[0065] Specifically, for the physical potential, the meteorological data required for the simulation can be obtained based on meteorological simulation programs such as Meteonorm8. The data set is constructed by standardizing many years of meteorological data to construct data representing a typical year (evaluation period) (for example, 8760 hours / 365 days of data), which represents the local stable climate for a long time, and then the required theoretical radiation is obtained.

[0066] 2) Geographical potential

[0067] Geographic potential characterizes the amount and location of solar radiation that can actually be used to install photovoltaic systems on building surfaces.

[0068] Specifically, for geographical potential, a three-dimensional building model can be established based on the Rhinoceros platform, and the building surface can be transformed into an Hbsurface (grid-like building surface) based on the Grasshopper platform. The Hbsurface grid radiation can be calculated based on the Radiance algorithm (Perez anisotropic sky diffuse algorithm) of Ladybug Tools, and the incidence and scattering of solar radiation in the three-dimensional environment of the building can be calculated. At the same time, the total radiation reduction caused by the shadows of surrounding buildings can be quantified. The running time is set to the length of the evaluation period (for example, 8760 hours), the grid is 1m×1m, and the annual cumulative radiation distribution per unit area of ​​the building surface is calculated.

[0069] The optimal photovoltaic installation inclination angle β is calculated by the following formula:

[0070] β=1.3793+θ·[1.201+θ·(―0.014404+θ·0.000080509)],

[0071] Where θ is the latitude,

[0072] The solar radiation value G intercepted by the photovoltaic panel is calculated by the following formula g,t :

[0073] G g,t =G b,t+G d,t +G r,t ,

[0074] Among them, G b,t is the direct radiation of the inclined surface, G d,t is the sky diffuse radiation, G r,t is the ground reflected radiation,

[0075] G b,t =BHI·R b ,

[0076] Among them, BHI is the direct radiation on the horizontal plane,

[0077] Where GHI is the total solar radiation,

[0078]

[0079] Where ρ is the surface albedo.

[0080] On the other hand, the building surface area can also be calculated based on the ArcGIS platform as the upper limit of the photovoltaic panel installation area.

[0081] In order to explore the impact of block morphology on photovoltaic utilization, the morphological characteristics of individual buildings are not analyzed here, such as the roof shape, inclination, reflectivity of building materials, other functional facilities on the roof and facade, etc., and empirical coefficients are used uniformly for calculation.

[0082] 3) Economic potential

[0083] The economic potential selects the available installation space (available range) whose annual cumulative radiation per unit area is higher than the radiation threshold calculated by economic constraints.

[0084] Specifically, the calculation of the radiation threshold can be based on the input-output table, requiring the radiation value resources that do not lose money for the entire project as the critical value for screening the available area in the geographical environment. Since the specific energy usage is unknown in the early stage of installation, it is assumed that all the generated electricity is consumed or purchased in bulk. At the same time, since the larger the grid-connected power volume, the lower the self-consumption power volume, the worse the economic benefits, the lower the consumption method is used to calculate the radiation threshold. All electricity prices are expressed in terms of the on-grid electricity price Cele. The on-grid electricity price and policy subsidies vary depending on the function of the building, so the radiation thresholds of buildings with different functions are different.

[0085] As an exemplary embodiment herein, the radiation threshold (T) is expressed by the following formula:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, Csu is the installation cost of photovoltaic modules, PD is the power density of photovoltaic modules, RAnn is the annual system maintenance factor, N is the life cycle, is the photoelectric conversion efficiency, K is the comprehensive efficiency coefficient, Cele is the on-grid electricity price, and Rd is the photovoltaic system attenuation rate.

[0088] It can be seen that the embodiment here provides a specific implementation plan for how to calculate and screen the radiation threshold T for the available installed controls from the formula level.

[0089] 4) Installation potential

[0090] Installation potential calculates the actual photovoltaic panel installation area and photovoltaic installed capacity under the available space on the building surface. Photovoltaic installed capacity and photovoltaic panel installation area.

[0091] The inclination angle involved in the installation and deployment of photovoltaic panels adopts the theoretical optimal inclination angle, that is, the optimal photovoltaic installation inclination angle (β) calculated by geographical potential. The facade adopts 90°, and in order to avoid partial shading caused by the front and rear rows of photovoltaic components, the projection and azimuth angle from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm on the winter solstice are selected to determine the installation distance D of the photovoltaic array.

[0092] Calculate the photovoltaic array installation distance D by the following formula:

[0093] D=L×cosβ+L×sinβ / tan(α+γ),

[0094] Where L is the length of the photovoltaic array, β is the optimal photovoltaic installation inclination angle (β) calculated by geographical potential, α is the solar azimuth angle, and γ is the solar altitude angle.

[0095] The installed capacity W of the photovoltaic system is calculated by the following formula:

[0096]

[0097] C=D×H,

[0098] Where N is the number of installed photovoltaic arrays, is the power density of the photovoltaic system, S is the building installation area, C is the floor space of a photovoltaic module, and H is the width of the photovoltaic module array.

[0099] 5) Technological potential

[0100] Technical potential The hourly value of annual power generation under long-term stable climate conditions is calculated based on the empirical model, and further processed to obtain the hourly value of annual power generation per unit area of ​​the block;

[0101] The maximum power point (MPP) is considered as a function of battery temperature and irradiance, describing the impact of battery temperature and irradiance on the efficiency of photovoltaic modules. Therefore, the hourly value of annual power generation under long-term stable climate conditions is calculated based on the empirical model, and further processed to obtain the annual power generation of modules per unit area of ​​the block, corresponding to:

[0102] PVWatts Model: Calculate hourly power generation,

[0103] Among them, P is the actual power, P0 is the rated power of the photovoltaic panel, T cell is the battery temperature, T ref is the reference temperature,

[0104] Corrected temperature: NOCT is the standard operating temperature of the battery, T a is the ambient temperature.

[0105] 6) Optimization potential

[0106] By limiting the energy consumption of user-side buildings, including load characteristics and building functions, the installation on the supply side is restricted and the installation potential is optimized to reduce the impact of excessive installation on grid capacity and reduce the abandonment rate of solar power.

[0107] Specifically, as an exemplary embodiment here, the optimization potential can be specifically solved by optimizing the set area X based on the simulated annealing algorithm through the following formula:

[0108] D total,h =A zone ×E com,h ,

[0109] G total,h =x×A zone E gen,h ,

[0110] U total,h =min{Dt otal,h , G total,h},

[0111]

[0112] Among them, D total,h is the total power consumption of the current block in hour h, in KWh, A zone is the total building area of ​​the block, in m 2 , E com,h The unit area power consumption of the current block in the hth hour, in KWh / m 2 , G total,h is the total power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system in the current block at hour h, in KWh, Egen,h is the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation system in the current block at hour h, in KWh / m2, U total,h is the actual photovoltaic power generation used by the current block in the hth hour, in KWh, h is the current hour in the evaluation period, hmax is the total hours in the evaluation period (such as the 8760 hours mentioned above), ESR is the daytime photovoltaic substitution rate (energy substitution rate of photovoltaic power generation system), PUR is the photovoltaic utilization rate (self-use rate of photovoltaic power generation system),

[0113] The upper limit of the area X is set to the available installation space selected by the economic potential in the previous 3), and the objective function is ESR>0.5, PUR>0.5, and the economic benefit after being put into use is optimal.

[0114] As for ESR, it represents the proportion of actual photovoltaic utilization by users to actual energy consumption. The higher the ESR, the more the energy system is transitioning towards clean energy utilization.

[0115] For PUR, it represents the proportion of photovoltaic power actually used to the photovoltaic system's power generation. The higher the PUR, the smaller the impact of the photovoltaic installation on the power grid and the less electricity waste caused.

[0116] At the same time, on the other hand, for the building energy consumption (energy demand) analysis and processing based on the simulation processing in step S103, it is specifically possible to establish HBzones hot zones based on the same platform of photovoltaic simulation as the basic space for energy consumption simulation, and set corresponding parameters such as window-to-wall ratio and floor height in combination with relevant building energy-saving design standards (such as "Energy-saving Design Standards for Energy-saving Optimization Buildings in Hubei Province") and relevant literature. Based on the Dragonfly plug-in, the microclimate of the block is calculated, the initial standard meteorological year file is processed, and relevant parameters such as sensible heat and albedo are set. The meteorological file representing the microclimate of the block is calculated through DF Run Urban WeatherGenerator (meteorological analysis tool), and the building energy consumption is simulated based on the Energyplus engine in the Honeybee module.

[0117] Among them, although human behavior and equipment energy efficiency factors also have a great impact on the energy consumption of buildings, in order to explore the impact of building form and function on photovoltaic power generation and building energy consumption, this application can uniformly set these parameters.

[0118] Furthermore, for the preset evaluation indicators involved in step S103, as an exemplary embodiment, they may specifically include a roof available space evaluation indicator, a facade available space evaluation indicator, a daytime photovoltaic substitution rate evaluation indicator, a photovoltaic utilization rate evaluation indicator and a photovoltaic utilization stability evaluation indicator.

[0119] It can be understood that this application configures corresponding available space evaluation indicators from two aspects: the roof and facade of the block, which can provide an accurate reference for planning the development of available space for photovoltaic installation in the block, specifically:

[0120] 1) The evaluation index of roof available space can be specifically expressed by the following formula:

[0121] IRroof=Sroof / Aroof,

[0122] Among them, Sroof is the usable area of ​​the building surface of the block, and Aroof is the actual surface area of ​​the building surface of the block.

[0123] 2) The evaluation index of available space of the facade can be specifically expressed by the following formula:

[0124] IRfacade = Sfacade / Afacade,

[0125] Among them, Sfacade is the usable area of ​​the building facade of the block, and Afacade is the actual usable area of ​​the building facade of the block.

[0126] The following are three indicators configured in this application for the evaluation of photovoltaic development and utilization potential, specifically:

[0127] 3) The evaluation index of daytime photovoltaic substitution rate can be specifically expressed by the following formula:

[0128]

[0129] Wherein, h is the current hour in the evaluation period, hmax is the total hours in the evaluation period (e.g., the 8760 hours mentioned above), Utotal,h is the photovoltaic power consumption of the current block in the hth hour, and Dtotal,h is the total power consumption of the current block in the hth hour.

[0130] It can be understood that when Gtotal,h is greater than Dtotal,h, Utotal,h = Dtotal,h, that is, the remaining electricity will be delivered to the city power grid, otherwise, Utotal,h = Gtotal,h, that is, all the electricity produced will be used for consumption. The ESR indicator is based on the core goal of the transformation of the renewable energy structure, that is, to reduce fossil energy consumption, and is used to intuitively reflect the degree of substitution of traditional energy consumption in various areas of the city after the application of photovoltaic power generation.

[0131] In addition, since photovoltaic power output is only during daytime, this application can specifically express it only in terms of daytime photovoltaic substitution rate.

[0132] In this way, there is also the previous installation potential processing here. Compared with the evaluation method that only evaluates the output potential of photovoltaic power generation, this application adds actual energy consumption simulation to construct a potential evaluation index system for the application of photovoltaic power generation in the actual urban energy system, so that the evaluation results are more accurate and have more practical reference value.

[0133] 4) The photovoltaic utilization rate evaluation index can be specifically expressed by the following formula:

[0134]

[0135] Among them, Gtotal,h is the photovoltaic power generation of the current block.

[0136] It is understandable that the theoretical total power generation h can be expressed by the product of the achievable photovoltaic installed capacity (C) of a certain plot of land and the theoretical working time (t) of its components. The PUR indicator can reflect the economic utilization of photovoltaic components. Under the same system cost investment, the higher the PUR, the greater the economic benefits of the system. At the same time, the remaining power generation that needs to be connected to the grid is smaller, reducing the demand for grid capacity and energy storage scale.

[0137] 5) The evaluation index of photovoltaic utilization stability can be specifically expressed by the following formula:

[0138]

[0139] Where n is the total number of blocks, i is the block number, ESR i is the photovoltaic utilization rate of block i, R i is the average photovoltaic utilization rate of all blocks.

[0140] It is understandable that photovoltaic power output is greatly affected by environmental factors, and the stability of its power output shows great volatility with weather and time changes. Therefore, this application uses the standard deviation (Stdev) of the hourly photovoltaic replacement rate of each block area in the city during the day to reflect the degree of power supply stability after the application of photovoltaics. The PUS index reflects the discrete degree of the hourly photovoltaic replacement rate change at each moment. The larger this index is, the more frequent and large the changes in its power output are, which in turn leads to an increase in the demand for energy storage scale and puts forward more stringent requirements on the grid regulation capacity.

[0141] As an exemplary embodiment, the analysis of economic and environmental benefits based on the evaluation results of distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings can be described in more detail in combination with the following content.

[0142] 1) The analysis of economic benefits may specifically include:

[0143] Cost, cost = installation cost + operating cost (manual maintenance + repair cost),

[0144] Benefits, benefits = subsidies (national, provincial, and municipal subsidies for installed capacity and power generation) + electricity purchase costs saved from self-use electricity + income from surplus electricity sales + income from carbon quota trading in carbon emission rights exchanges,

[0145] Internal Rate of Return IRR: I t -C t is the net cash flow of the project in year t.

[0146] Static payback period t^ is the year when the net present value is greater than 0.

[0147] Levelized cost of electricity LCOE = (initial investment - present value of tax exemptions due to depreciation during the life cycle + present value of costs due to project operation during the life cycle - present value of residual value of fixed assets) / (present value of electricity generated during the life cycle).

[0148] Regarding the economic benefits specifically quantified here, it can be understood that:

[0149] The higher the project's internal rate of return (IRR), the stronger the project's ability to resist risks.

[0150] The levelized cost of electricity can be compared with other energy sources to evaluate the economic competitiveness of photovoltaic power generation technology.

[0151] It proposes the direction of macroeconomic policy regulation and control, explains the importance of improving urban carbon emission rights, carbon quota allocation, and carbon market construction, and the project application can generate more economic benefits and promote photovoltaic deployment.

[0152] As for the project construction cost, photovoltaic technology is a scale economy technology, the greater the cost-effectiveness, the greater the economic benefit. As the energy storage cost decreases, the efficiency of photovoltaic modules at the same price increases, and the increase in photovoltaic power generation per unit area brings more economic benefits.

[0153] If the total benefits of photovoltaic projects are required to remain unchanged, as policy subsidies at all levels decline and surplus electricity beyond normal needs is no longer purchased, the photovoltaic market must seek benefits in other areas, forcing companies to upgrade and rationally formulate power generation utilization models.

[0154] 2) The analysis of environmental benefits may specifically include:

[0155] Carbon emission stages: raw material acquisition, photovoltaic module and equipment production, transportation, construction and disposal (basically no carbon emission is generated during the operation process and can be ignored).

[0156] Calculation of carbon reduction: power generation replacing traditional energy power generation × carbon emission coefficient,

[0157] Carbon emission payback period = carbon emissions in the entire life cycle / average annual carbon emission reduction of the photovoltaic system,

[0158] Reduction in emissions of other pollutants: power generation × pollutants reduced per kilowatt-hour of electricity, including sulfur dioxide, carbon oxides and total suspended particulate matter.

[0159] It can be understood that the embodiments herein provide a specific implementation plan for how to specifically quantify economic benefits and environmental benefits.

[0160] Generally speaking, the above solutions have the following notable features:

[0161] 1) Compared with the photovoltaic power generation potential assessment methods for the city as a whole and individual buildings, this application is based on the urban block scale. By combining the characteristics of individual buildings with building types, the block sample characteristics are constructed, which can describe the characteristics of the two- and three-dimensional environment inside the city in detail, and thus obtain a clearer photovoltaic power generation potential assessment effect, which is also conducive to the promotion of overall urban planning.

[0162] 2) Compared with the photovoltaic power generation potential assessment method of building roofs, this application adds a facade assessment, quantifies the impact of the shadow effect of mutual shading between buildings on the amount of solar radiation received by the building surface, and increases the assessment dimension, which can further optimize the photovoltaic power generation potential assessment effect.

[0163] 3) Compared with the evaluation method that only evaluates the output potential of photovoltaic power generation, this application adds the simulation of actual energy consumption and constructs a potential evaluation index system for the application of photovoltaic power generation in the actual urban energy system, making the evaluation results more accurate and more practical.

[0164] 4) Compared with the method of only evaluating the carbon emission reduction benefits of photovoltaic power generation, this application also adds an assessment of economic benefits in terms of benefits, calculating the deployment and configuration costs of building distributed photovoltaic power generation as a city's decarbonization power resource. The evaluation content is more comprehensive and has better practical value when more abundant data support is provided.

[0165] 5) The method proposed in this application is a physical model, or is implemented in the form of a physical model. Compared with the empirical value assignment sampling method and machine learning model method commonly used in the prior art, the evaluation indicators are comprehensive, the uncertainty of the evaluation results is small, the evaluation accuracy is high, and it is transferable. In actual situations, it can be beneficial to apply it to the analysis of urban internal environment with complete data of various types of buildings.

[0166] The above is an introduction to the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment method for urban buildings provided by this application. In order to facilitate better implementation of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment method for urban buildings provided by this application, this application also provides a distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment device for urban buildings from the perspective of functional modules.

[0167] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of a distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment device for urban buildings in this application. In this application, the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment device 300 for urban buildings may specifically include the following structure:

[0168] An acquisition unit 301 is used to acquire urban road network data and building surface contour data of a city to be evaluated, wherein the building surface contour data specifically includes morphological contour data of building roofs and building facades;

[0169] A splitting unit 302 is used to split the building surface contour data into block block building surface contour data of block block granularity according to different block blocks divided by the urban road network data;

[0170] The processing unit 303 is used to simulate the solar radiation and building energy consumption of the corresponding target block based on the building surface profile data of the block, and in the simulation process, analyze the photovoltaic output potential and energy demand of the target block, evaluate the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of the target block in combination with the preset evaluation index, integrate the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of different blocks, and obtain the evaluation result of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings;

[0171] The analysis unit 304 is used to analyze the economic benefits and environmental benefits corresponding to the evaluation results of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

[0172] In an exemplary embodiment, the analysis content of photovoltaic output potential includes physical potential, geographical potential, economic potential, installation potential, technical potential and optimization potential;

[0173] The physical potential characterizes the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface under the influence of the atmospheric environment, as a theoretical amount of radiation;

[0174] Geographic potential represents the amount of solar radiation actually used for photovoltaic systems installed on building surfaces and their location;

[0175] Economic potential selects available installation spaces whose annual cumulative radiation per unit area is higher than the radiation threshold calculated by economic constraints;

[0176] Installation potential calculation: actual photovoltaic panel installation area and photovoltaic installed capacity under the available space on the building surface; photovoltaic installed capacity and photovoltaic panel installation area;

[0177] Technical potential The hourly value of annual power generation under long-term stable climate conditions is calculated based on the empirical model, and further processed to obtain the hourly value of annual power generation per unit area of ​​the block;

[0178] The optimization potential is to limit the installation on the supply side through the constraints of user-side building energy consumption, including load characteristics and building functions, so as to reduce the impact of excessive installation on grid capacity and reduce the abandonment rate of solar power.

[0179] In another exemplary embodiment, for geographical potential, the optimal photovoltaic installation inclination angle β is calculated by the following formula:

[0180] β=1.3793+θ·[1.201+θ·(―0.014404+θ·0.000080509)],

[0181] Where θ is the latitude,

[0182] The solar radiation value G that can be intercepted by the photovoltaic panel can be calculated by the following formula g,t :

[0183] G g,t =G b,t +G d,t +G r,t

[0184] Among them, G b,t is the direct radiation of the inclined surface, G d,t is the sky diffuse radiation, G r,t is the ground reflected radiation,

[0185] G b,t =BHI·R b ,

[0186] Among them, BHI is the direct radiation on the horizontal plane,

[0187] Where GHI is the total solar radiation,

[0188]

[0189] Where ρ is the surface albedo.

[0190] In yet another exemplary embodiment, for economic potential, the radiation threshold is expressed by the following formula:

[0191]

[0192] Among them, Csu is the installation cost of photovoltaic modules, PD is the power density of photovoltaic modules, RAnn is the annual system maintenance factor, N is the life cycle, is the photoelectric conversion efficiency, K is the comprehensive efficiency coefficient, Cele is the on-grid electricity price, and Rd is the photovoltaic system attenuation rate.

[0193] In another exemplary embodiment, for the installation potential, the inclination angle involved in the photovoltaic panel installation deployment adopts the photovoltaic optimal installation inclination angle calculated by the geographical potential, the facade adopts 90°, and in order to avoid partial shading caused by the front and rear rows of photovoltaic components, the projection and azimuth angle from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm on the winter solstice are selected to determine the photovoltaic array installation distance D,

[0194] Calculate the photovoltaic installation distance D by the following formula:

[0195] D=L×cosβ+L×sinβ / tan(α+γ),

[0196] Where L is the length of the photovoltaic array, β is the optimal photovoltaic installation inclination angle calculated by geographical potential, α is the solar azimuth angle, and γ is the solar altitude angle.

[0197] The installed capacity W of the photovoltaic system is calculated by the following formula:

[0198]

[0199]

[0200] C=D×H,

[0201] Where N is the number of installed photovoltaic arrays, is the power density of the photovoltaic system, S is the building installation area, C is the floor space of a photovoltaic module, L is the length of the photovoltaic array, and H is the width of the photovoltaic module array.

[0202] In another exemplary embodiment, the installation potential is optimized and solved for the set area X based on the simulated annealing algorithm by the following formula:

[0203] D total,h =A zone ×E com,h ,

[0204] G total,h =x×A zone E gen,h ,

[0205] U total,h =min{Dt otal,h , G total,h},

[0206]

[0207] Among them, D total,his the total power consumption of the current block in the hth hour, A zone is the total building area of ​​the block, E com,h is the electricity consumption per unit area of ​​the current block in the hth hour, G total,h is the total power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system in the current block at hour h, E gen,h is the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation system in the current block at hour h, U total,h is the actual photovoltaic power generation of the current block in the hth hour, h is the current hour in the evaluation period, hmax is the total hours in the evaluation period, ESR is the daytime photovoltaic substitution rate, PUR is the photovoltaic utilization rate,

[0208] The upper limit of the area X is set to the available installation space for economic potential screening, and the objective function is ESR>0.5, PUR>0.5, and the economic benefits after being put into use are optimal.

[0209] In another exemplary embodiment, the preset evaluation index includes a roof available space evaluation index, a facade available space evaluation index, a daytime photovoltaic substitution rate evaluation index, a photovoltaic utilization rate evaluation index, and a photovoltaic utilization stability evaluation index;

[0210] The evaluation index of roof available space is expressed by the following formula:

[0211] IRroof=Sroof / Aroof,

[0212] Among them, Sroof is the usable area of ​​the building surface of the block, and Aroof is the actual surface area of ​​the building surface of the block;

[0213] The evaluation index of available space of the facade is expressed by the following formula:

[0214] IRfacade = Sfacade / Afacade,

[0215] Among them, Sfacade is the usable area of ​​the building facade of the block block, and Afacade is the actual usable area of ​​the building facade of the block block;

[0216] The evaluation index of daytime photovoltaic substitution rate is expressed by the following formula:

[0217]

[0218] Among them, h is the current hour in the evaluation period, hmax is the total hours in the evaluation period, Utotal,h is the PV power consumption of the current block in the hth hour, and Dtotal,h is the total power consumption of the current block in the hth hour;

[0219] The photovoltaic utilization rate evaluation index is expressed by the following formula:

[0220]

[0221] Among them, Gtotal,h is the photovoltaic power generation of the current block;

[0222] The photovoltaic utilization stability evaluation index is expressed by the following formula:

[0223]

[0224] Where n is the total number of blocks, i is the block number, ESR i is the photovoltaic utilization rate of block i, R i is the average photovoltaic utilization rate of all blocks;

[0225] The analysis of economic benefits includes:

[0226] Cost, cost = installation cost + operating cost,

[0227] Benefits, benefits = subsidies + electricity purchase costs saved by self-use electricity + income from the sale of surplus electricity + income from trading carbon quotas in the carbon emission rights exchange.

[0228] Internal Rate of Return IPR: I t -C t is the net cash flow of the project in year t,

[0229] Static payback period t^ is the year when the net present value is greater than 0,

[0230] Levelized cost of electricity LCOE = (initial investment - present value of tax exemptions due to depreciation during the life cycle + present value of costs due to project operation during the life cycle - present value of residual value of fixed assets) / (present value of electricity generated during the life cycle);

[0231] The analysis of environmental benefits includes:

[0232] Carbon emission stages: raw material acquisition, photovoltaic module and equipment production, transportation, construction and disposal.

[0233] Calculation of carbon reduction: power generation replacing traditional energy power generation × carbon emission coefficient,

[0234] Carbon emission payback period = carbon emissions in the entire life cycle / average annual carbon emission reduction of the photovoltaic system,

[0235] Reduction of other pollutants: power generation × pollutants reduced per kilowatt-hour, including sulfur dioxide, carbon oxides and total suspended particulate matter.

[0236] This application also provides a processing device from the perspective of hardware structure, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 401, a computer program stored in the memory 402, and an input / output device 403. The processor 401 is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory 402. Figure 1 The steps of the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation of urban buildings in the corresponding embodiment; or, the processor 401 is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory 402 to implement the following Figure 3 Corresponding to the functions of each unit in the embodiment, the memory 402 is used to store the processor 401 executing the above Figure 1 The computer program required by the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation of urban buildings in the corresponding embodiment.

[0237] Exemplarily, the computer program may be divided into one or more modules / units, one or more modules / units are stored in the memory 402, and executed by the processor 401 to complete the present application. One or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of completing specific functions, and the instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program in the computer device.

[0238] The processing device may include, but is not limited to, a processor 401, a memory 402, and an input / output device 403. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the illustration is merely an example of a processing device and does not constitute a limitation on the processing device, and may include more or fewer components than shown in the illustration, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, the processing device may also include a network access device, a bus, etc., and the processor 401, the memory 402, the input / output device 403, etc. are connected via a bus.

[0239] The processor 401 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The processor is the control center of the processing device, and uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire device.

[0240] The memory 402 can be used to store computer programs and / or modules. The processor 401 implements various functions of the computer device by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory 402 and calling the data stored in the memory 402. The memory 402 can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system, at least one application required for a function, etc.; the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the processing device, etc. In addition, the memory can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (SecureDigital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0241] When the processor 401 is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory 402, the following functions can be implemented:

[0242] Obtaining urban road network data and building surface contour data of the city to be evaluated, wherein the building surface contour data specifically includes morphological contour data of building roofs and building facades;

[0243] Through the different blocks divided by the urban road network data, the building surface contour data is split into block block building surface contour data with block block granularity;

[0244] Based on the building surface profile data of the block, the solar radiation and building energy consumption of the corresponding target block are simulated. During the simulation, the photovoltaic output potential and energy demand of the target block are analyzed. The distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of the target block is evaluated by combining the preset evaluation indicators. The distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of different blocks is integrated to obtain the evaluation results of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

[0245] Analyze the economic and environmental benefits corresponding to the evaluation results of distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

[0246] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the urban building distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment device, processing equipment and corresponding units described above can refer to the following Figure 1 The description of the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings in the corresponding embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0247] A person of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments may be completed by instructions, or by controlling related hardware through instructions. The instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and loaded and executed by a processor.

[0248] To this end, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a plurality of instructions are stored, and the instructions can be loaded by a processor to execute the present application as follows: Figure 1 The steps of the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings in the corresponding embodiment, the specific operations can be referred to as follows Figure 1 The description of the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings in the corresponding embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0249] The computer-readable storage medium may include: a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0250] Due to the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium, the present application can be executed. Figure 1 The steps of the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings in the corresponding embodiment are as follows. Figure 1 The beneficial effects that can be achieved by the method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings in the corresponding embodiment are detailed in the previous description and will not be repeated here.

[0251] The above is a detailed introduction to the urban building distributed photovoltaic power generation potential assessment method, device, processing equipment and computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of ​​the present application; at the same time, for technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire urban road network data and building surface contour data of the city to be evaluated, wherein the building surface contour data specifically includes morphological contour data of building roofs and building facades; Splitting the building surface contour data into block block building surface contour data of block block granularity according to different block blocks divided by the urban road network data; Based on the building surface profile data of the block, the solar radiation and building energy consumption of the corresponding target block are simulated, and during the simulation process, the photovoltaic output potential and energy demand of the target block are analyzed, and the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of the target block is evaluated in combination with the preset evaluation indicators, and the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of different blocks is integrated to obtain the evaluation result of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings; Analyze the economic and environmental benefits corresponding to the evaluation results of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The analysis of the photovoltaic output potential includes physical potential, geographical potential, economic potential, installation potential, technical potential and optimization potential; The physical potential represents the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface under the influence of the atmospheric environment, as a theoretical amount of radiation; The geographic potential represents the amount and location of solar radiation actually used for the installation of photovoltaic systems on the building surface; The economic potential selects available installation spaces whose annual cumulative radiation per unit area is higher than the radiation threshold calculated by economic constraints; The installation potential is calculated based on the actual photovoltaic panel installation area and photovoltaic installed capacity under the available space on the building surface, photovoltaic installed capacity and photovoltaic panel installation area; The technical potential is calculated based on the empirical model for the hourly value of annual power generation under long-term stable climate conditions, and further processed to obtain the hourly value of annual power generation per unit area of ​​the block; The optimization potential is to limit the installation on the supply side through the constraints of user-side building energy consumption, including load characteristics and building functions, so as to reduce the impact of excessive installation on grid capacity and reduce the abandonment rate.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that For the geographical potential, the optimal photovoltaic installation inclination angle β is calculated by the following formula: β=1.3793+θ·[1.201+θ·(―0.014404+θ·0.000080509)], Where θ is the latitude, The solar radiation value G that can be intercepted by the photovoltaic panel can be calculated by the following formula g,t : G g,t =G b,t +G d,t +G r,t , Among them, G b,t is the direct radiation of the inclined surface, G d,t is the sky diffuse radiation, G r,t is the ground reflected radiation, G b,t =BHI·R b , Among them, BHI is the direct radiation on the horizontal plane, θ i is the solar incident angle, θ z is the solar zenith angle, Where GHI is the total solar radiation, Where ρ is the surface albedo.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: For the economic potential, the radiation threshold is expressed by the following formula: Among them, Csu is the installation cost of photovoltaic modules, PD is the power density of photovoltaic modules, RAnn is the annual system maintenance factor, N is the life cycle, is the photoelectric conversion efficiency, K is the comprehensive efficiency coefficient, Cele is the on-grid electricity price, and Rd is the photovoltaic system attenuation rate.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: For the installation potential, the inclination angle involved in the installation and deployment of photovoltaic panels adopts the optimal photovoltaic installation inclination angle calculated by the geographical potential, and the facade adopts 90°, and in order to avoid partial shading caused by the front and rear rows of photovoltaic components, the projection and azimuth angle from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm on the winter solstice are selected to determine the installation distance D of the photovoltaic array. The photovoltaic array installation distance D is calculated by the following formula: D=L×cosβ+L×sinβ / tan(α+γ), Wherein, L is the length of the photovoltaic array, β is the optimal photovoltaic installation inclination angle calculated based on the geographical potential, α is the solar azimuth angle, and γ is the solar altitude angle. Photovoltaic system installed capacity: C=D×H, Where N is the number of installed photovoltaic arrays, is the power density of the photovoltaic system, S is the building installation area, C is the floor space of a photovoltaic module, and H is the width of the photovoltaic module array.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The installation potential is solved by optimizing the set area X based on the simulated annealing algorithm through the following formula: D total,h =A zone ×E com,h , G total,h =x×A zone E gen,h , U total,h =min{Dt otal,h ,G total,h }, Among them, D total,h is the total power consumption of the current block in the hth hour, A zone is the total building area of ​​the block, E com,h is the electricity consumption per unit area of ​​the current block in the hth hour, G total,h is the total power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system in the current block in the hth hour, E gen,h is the power generation per unit area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation system in the current block in the hth hour, U total,h is the actual photovoltaic power generation of the current block in the hth hour, h is the current hour in the evaluation period, hmax is the total hours in the evaluation period, ESR is the daytime photovoltaic substitution rate, PUR is the photovoltaic utilization rate, The upper limit of the set area X is set to the available installation space screened by the economic potential, the objective function is ESR>0.5, PUR>0.5, and the economic benefit after being put into use is optimal.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preset evaluation indicators include an evaluation index of available roof space, an evaluation index of available facade space, an evaluation index of daytime photovoltaic substitution rate, an evaluation index of photovoltaic utilization rate, and an evaluation index of photovoltaic utilization stability; The roof available space evaluation index is expressed by the following formula: IRroof=Sroof / Aroof, Among them, Sroof is the usable area of ​​the building surface of the block, and Aroof is the actual surface area of ​​the building surface of the block; The facade can be expressed by the following formula using the spatial evaluation index: IRfacade = Sfacade / Afacade, Among them, Sfacade is the usable area of ​​the building facade of the block block, and Afacade is the actual usable area of ​​the building facade of the block block; The daytime photovoltaic substitution rate evaluation index is expressed by the following formula: Wherein, h is the current hour in the evaluation time period, hmax is the total hours in the evaluation time period, Utotal,h is the photovoltaic power consumption of the current block in the hth hour, and Dtotal,h is the total power consumption of the current block in the hth hour; The photovoltaic utilization rate evaluation index is expressed by the following formula: Wherein, Gtotal,h is the photovoltaic power generation of the current block; The photovoltaic utilization stability evaluation index is expressed by the following formula: Where n is the total number of blocks, i is the block number, ESR i is the photovoltaic utilization rate of block i, R i is the average photovoltaic utilization rate of all blocks; The analysis of economic benefits includes: Cost, cost = installation cost + operating cost, Benefits, benefits = subsidies + electricity purchase costs saved by self-use electricity + income from the sale of surplus electricity + income from trading carbon quotas in the carbon emission rights exchange. Internal Rate of Return IPR: I t -C t is the net cash flow of the project in year t, Static payback period t^ is the year when the net present value is greater than 0, Levelized cost of electricity LCOE = (initial investment - present value of tax exemptions due to depreciation during the life cycle + present value of costs due to project operation during the life cycle - present value of residual value of fixed assets) / (present value of electricity generated during the life cycle); The analysis of environmental benefits includes: Carbon emission stages: raw material acquisition, photovoltaic module and equipment production, transportation, construction and disposal. Calculation of carbon reduction: power generation replacing traditional energy power generation × carbon emission coefficient, Carbon emission payback period = carbon emissions in the entire life cycle / average annual carbon emission reduction of the photovoltaic system, Reduction in emissions of other pollutants: power generation × pollutants reduced per kilowatt-hour of electricity, the pollutants include sulfur dioxide, carbon oxides and total suspended particulate matter.

8. A device for evaluating the potential of distributed photovoltaic power generation in urban buildings, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition unit is used to acquire urban road network data and building surface contour data of the city to be evaluated, wherein the building surface contour data specifically includes morphological contour data of building roofs and building facades; A splitting unit, used for splitting the building surface contour data into block block building surface contour data of block block granularity according to different block blocks divided by the urban road network data; A processing unit is used to simulate the solar radiation and building energy consumption of the corresponding target block based on the building surface profile data of the block, and in the simulation process, analyze the photovoltaic output potential and energy demand of the target block, evaluate the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of the target block in combination with preset evaluation indicators, integrate the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of different blocks, and obtain the evaluation result of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings; The analysis unit is used to analyze the economic benefits and environmental benefits corresponding to the evaluation results of the distributed photovoltaic power generation potential of urban buildings.

9. A processing device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when calling the computer program in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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