Novel dual-polarization patch antenna array

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel dual-polarization patch antenna array which comprises a reflecting plate, first PCBs are installed on the top face of the reflecting plate at intervals, and second PCBs are installed on the top faces of the first PCBs at intervals. A radiation patch is arranged on the side face, facing the second PCB, of the first PCB, a guide piece is arranged on the side face, facing the first PCB, of the second PCB, and the radiation patch and the corresponding guide piece are matched to form a plurality of oscillator units. The number of the second PCBs is two, the two second PCBs are arranged side by side at intervals, and the two second PCBs and the first PCB are matched to form an oscillator unit which radiates vertical polarized waves and horizontal polarized waves respectively. The vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization are arranged in two columns and respectively correspond to the radiation units, so that the isolation degree between ports is greatly improved; the radiation patch is mounted on one surface of the PCB and is spaced from the reflecting plate, so that the distance from the radiation patch to the ground is increased, and wider impedance bandwidth of the radiation patch can be realized effectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication antennas, and in particular to a novel dual-polarized patch antenna array. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are a key component in communication systems, used to achieve conversion between guided waves and free-space electromagnetic waves. For outdoor wireless communication systems, high-gain and high-efficiency antennas are required to achieve signal coverage over longer distances or larger areas. In the automotive field, electrification and intelligence are accelerating. With the increasing number of cars, the construction of intelligent road networks and vehicle-road collaboration networks needs to be strengthened. Therefore, the demand for high-performance Internet of Vehicles antennas is becoming increasingly prominent.

[0003] The antenna used in the Internet of Vehicles system has an operating frequency band of 5.15-6.125GHz, and the transmit and receive ports are separated. Dual-polarized antennas are required, and high isolation is required between the transmit and receive ports. However, as a low-profile, low-cost solution, the dual-polarized patch antenna has a standing wave bandwidth and polarization isolation that are difficult to meet usage requirements. In the existing technology, the port isolation is generally only about 20dB, and it is basically impossible to achieve an isolation of more than 25dB.

[0004] Secondly, the Internet of Vehicles antenna is used in outdoor scenes, and a reliable lightning protection design is required. The existing technology lacks a simple and easy-to-implement design that can meet this requirement. Thirdly, the selection of the substrate for the antenna vibrator and the feeding network, if pure metal is used, a reliable support method must be considered. Designing support parts will lead to a significant increase in costs. If PCB is used as the substrate, the loss caused by the dielectric material will reduce the gain of the antenna, reduce the signal coverage capability, and increase the system energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a novel dual-polarization patch antenna array with a reasonable structure, thereby greatly improving the isolation between ports and achieving a wider impedance bandwidth of the radiating patch.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array comprises a reflector, wherein a PCB board 1 is installed at intervals on the top surface of the reflector, and a PCB board 2 is installed at intervals on the top surface of the PCB board 1; a radiation patch is arranged on the side of the PCB board 1 facing the PCB board 2, and a guide plate is arranged on the side of the PCB board 2 facing the PCB board 1, and a plurality of vibrator units are formed by matching the radiation patch and the corresponding guide plates; the PCB board 2 comprises two vibrator units arranged in parallel at intervals, and the vibrator units formed by matching the two PCB boards 2 and the PCB board 1 respectively radiate vertical polarized waves and horizontal polarized waves.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0009] A through hole 1 is provided on PCB board 1 located in the middle of each radiation patch, and a through hole 2 is provided on PCB board 2 located in the middle of each guide patch; a stud 1 corresponding to the vibrator unit one by one is formed on the top surface of the reflector plate, and the stud 1 passes through the through hole 1 and the through hole 2 in sequence upward.

[0010] A washer 1 is mounted on a stud 1 between the reflector and the PCB board 1, a washer 2 is mounted on a stud 1 between the PCB board 1 and the PCB board 2, and a nut 1 is mounted on the end of the stud 1 passing through the PCB board 2 upwards; the stud 1 is a metal stud, and the washer 1, the washer 2 and the nut 1 are all made of plastic.

[0011] A feeding network is arranged on one side of the PCB board facing the reflector, and there are two groups of feeding networks, which correspond to two PCB boards two respectively; metallized vias are opened at the edges of each radiation patch located on the PCB board one, and the radiation patch located on one side of the PCB board one is connected to the feeding network located on the other side of the PCB board one through the metallized vias.

[0012] The two groups of feeding networks are respectively a vertical polarization feeding network and a horizontal polarization feeding network. The feeding network adopts a one-to-four microstrip power divider structure, and the space between the feeding network and the reflector is filled with air.

[0013] An N-type coaxial connector is installed on the side of the reflector facing away from PCB board one. The inner conductor of the N-type coaxial connector passes through the reflector and PCB board one in turn. PCB board one is provided with a soldering pad one welded to the end of the inner conductor. The soldering pad one is connected to the feeding network on the side of PCB board one to realize feeding.

[0014] A metal microstrip branch is formed by extending the feeding network at the place where the pad is connected, and a metal circular hole is provided on the PCB board 1 at the end of the metal microstrip branch; the top surface of the reflector extends upward to form a stud 2, which penetrates the metal circular hole upward. The stud 2 is a metal stud, and the feeding network is connected to the reflector by the stud 2.

[0015] The length of the metal microstrip branch is λg / 4, where λg is the central frequency point of the waveguide wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted on the feeding network.

[0016] A washer 3 is mounted on the stud 2 between the reflector and the PCB board 1, and a nut 2 is mounted on the end of the stud 2 passing through the PCB board 1 upwards; the washer 3 is made of plastic material, and the nut 2 is made of metal material.

[0017] The guide plates and radiation patches are both arranged in a square structure corresponding to each other up and down; four guide plates are arranged on a single PCB board 2 at intervals along the length direction, and two rows of radiation patches corresponding to the guide plates on the two PCB boards 2 are arranged on the PCB board 1.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention greatly improves the isolation between ports by arranging vertical polarization and horizontal polarization into two columns corresponding to radiation units respectively; by installing the radiation patch on one surface of the PCB board and installing it with a spacing from the reflection plate, the distance from the radiation patch to the ground is increased, which effectively helps to achieve a wider impedance bandwidth of the radiation patch;

[0020] The present invention also includes the following advantages:

[0021] PCB board 1 is supported on the reflector via gasket 1, a radiation patch is printed on the top of PCB board 1, and a feeding network is printed on the bottom of PCB board 1. There is only air between the feeding network and the reflector, which not only realizes a wider impedance bandwidth of the radiation patch, but also effectively reduces the line loss of the feeding network, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna;

[0022] The isolation between ports in the present invention can reach more than 30 dB, while the isolation in the prior art where vertical polarization and horizontal polarization share a radiation unit can only reach 20 dB, achieving a leapfrog improvement;

[0023] The feed network is connected to the reflector plate through a stud and then grounded, so that high-voltage and low-frequency currents (such as lightning) can be discharged to the ground, thus protecting the antenna product from lightning strikes. This not only has a simple structure and low cost, but also does not affect the impedance matching and radiation pattern of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is the appearance structure diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (housing omitted).

[0026] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the present invention (housing omitted).

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a PCB board 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PCB board of the present invention from another perspective.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the PCB board 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Among them: 1. Reflector; 2. Housing; 3. N-type coaxial connector; 4. PCB board 1; 5. PCB board 2;

[0031] 11. Stud one; 12. Stud two; 13. Through hole three;

[0032] 41. Radiating patch; 42. Metalized via; 43. Through hole 1; 44. Pad 1; 45. Metal circular hole; 46. Feed network; 47. Metal microstrip branch;

[0033] 51. through hole 2; 52. guide plate;

[0034] 61. Nut 1; 62. Washer 2; 63. Washer 1;

[0035] 71. Nut two; 72. Washer three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a novel dual-polarized patch antenna array of the present embodiment includes a reflector 1, a PCB board 4 is installed on the top surface of the reflector 1, and a PCB board 5 is installed on the top surface of the PCB board 4; a radiation patch 41 is arranged on the side of the PCB board 4 facing the PCB board 5, and a guide plate 52 is arranged on the side of the PCB board 5 facing the PCB board 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of oscillator units are formed by matching the radiation patch 41 with the corresponding guide plate 52; the PCB board 2 5 includes two oscillator units arranged in parallel at intervals, and the oscillator units formed by matching the two PCB boards 2 5 with the PCB board 1 4 radiate vertical polarized waves and horizontal polarized waves respectively.

[0038] In this embodiment, two PCB boards 2 5 are arranged in parallel and matched with PCB board 1 4 to form two columns of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization. Compared with the situation in the prior art where the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization share the radiation unit, the isolation between the ports is greatly improved.

[0039] In this embodiment, by installing the radiation patch 41 on the surface of the PCB board 4 and installing it at a distance from the reflector 1, the distance from the radiation patch 41 to the ground is increased, which effectively helps to achieve a wider impedance bandwidth of the radiation patch 41.

[0040] like Figure 4As shown, a through hole 43 is provided on the PCB board 4 located in the middle of each radiation patch 41, and a through hole 51 is provided on the PCB board 25 located in the middle of each guide plate 52; a stud 11 corresponding to the vibrator unit one by one is formed on the top surface of the reflector 1, and the stud 11 passes through the through hole 43 and the through hole 51 upward in sequence, and the relative position of the PCB board 4 and the PCB board 25 above the reflector 1 is fixed by the stud 11.

[0041] A washer 63 is mounted on the stud 11 between the reflector 1 and the PCB board 4, a washer 62 is mounted on the stud 11 between the PCB board 4 and the PCB board 5, and a nut 61 is mounted on the end of the stud 11 passing through the PCB board 5. The locking of the nut 61 on the top of the stud 11 effectively ensures the reliability and stability of the structural installation. The stud 11 is a metal stud, and the washer 63, the washer 62 and the nut 61 are all made of plastic.

[0042] In this embodiment, the reflector 1 and the PCB board 4 are supported by a washer 63 to form a relatively fixed spacing, such as 1.5-3mm, and the PCB board 4 and the PCB board 5 are supported by a washer 62 to form a relatively fixed spacing, such as 3-5mm. The specific values ​​can be set according to actual usage requirements and the matching status of the antenna; combined with the stud 11 and the nut 61, the PCB board 4 and the PCB board 5 are reliably installed above the reflector 1, and the overall structure is simple, compact and stable.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, a feeding network 46 is arranged on the side of the PCB board 4 facing the reflector 1, and there are two groups of feeding networks 46, which correspond to two PCB boards 2 5 respectively; metallized vias 42 are opened at the edges of each radiation patch 41 on the PCB board 4, and the radiation patch 41 on one side of the PCB board 4 is connected to the feeding network 46 on the other side of the PCB board 4 by the metallized vias 42.

[0044] In this embodiment, PCB board 4 is supported on the reflector 1 via a gasket 63, a radiation patch 41 is printed on the top of PCB board 4, and a feeding network 46 is printed on the bottom of PCB board 4. There is only air between the feeding network 46 and the reflector 1, which not only realizes a wider impedance bandwidth of the radiation patch 41, but also effectively reduces the line loss of the feeding network 46, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0045] In this embodiment, the reflector 1 is a metal reflector, and a housing 2 is mounted on the reflector 1. The housing 2 is combined with the reflector 1 to accommodate all the vibrator units inside.

[0046] The reflector 1 in this embodiment not only serves as a part of the antenna product housing, but also serves as a common reference ground for the radiation patch 41 and the feeding network 46 .

[0047] The two groups of feeding networks 46 are respectively a vertical polarization feeding network and a horizontal polarization feeding network. The feeding network 46 adopts a one-to-four microstrip power divider structure, and the space between the feeding network 46 and the reflector 1 is filled with air.

[0048] In this embodiment, the feeding network 46 is printed on the side of the PCB board 4 facing the reflector 1, and the PCB board 4 is arranged at a fixed interval relative to the reflector 1 via a gasket 63, so that there is air between the feeding network 46 and the reflector 1, which effectively reduces the dielectric loss of the feeding network 46 and improves the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0049] An N-type coaxial connector 3 is installed on the side of the reflector 1 facing away from the PCB board 4. The inner conductor of the N-type coaxial connector 3 passes through the reflector 1 and the PCB board 4 in turn. A soldering pad 44 is arranged on the PCB board 4 to be welded to the end of the inner conductor. The soldering pad 44 is connected to the feeding network 46 on the side of the PCB board 4 to realize feeding.

[0050] In this embodiment, by printing a metal pad 44 on the PCB, the pad 44 can be connected to the feeding network 46 on the bottom surface of the PCB board 4 through the metallized via; the inner conductor of the N-type coaxial connector 3 passes through the PCB board 4 and is soldered at the pad 44, thereby achieving conduction between the N-type coaxial connector 3 and the feeding network 46.

[0051] In this embodiment, the reflector 1 is provided with a through hole 3 13 for the inner conductor of the N-type coaxial connector 3 to pass through.

[0052] In this embodiment, the N-type coaxial connector 3 is an existing standard purchased part, and the outer conductor of the N-type coaxial connector 3 can be fastened to the bottom surface of the reflector 1 through a flange structure to achieve the installation of the N-type coaxial connector 3 on the reflector 1.

[0053] A metal microstrip branch 47 is extended from the feeding network 46 at the place where it is connected to the pad 1 44, and a metal circular hole 45 is provided on the PCB board 1 4 at the end of the metal microstrip branch 47; the top surface of the reflector 1 extends upward to form a stud 2 12, and the stud 2 12 is inserted upward into the metal circular hole 45. The stud 2 12 is a metal stud, and the feeding network 46 is connected to the reflector 1 by the stud 2 12.

[0054] In this embodiment, the feed network 46 is connected to the reflector 1 through the metal microstrip branch 47 by the stud 12 for grounding, so that high-voltage and low-frequency current (such as lightning) can be discharged to the ground, thereby protecting the antenna product from lightning strikes. This has not only a simple structure and low cost, but also does not affect the impedance matching and radiation pattern of the antenna.

[0055] The length of the metal microstrip branch 47 is λg / 4, where λg is the center frequency of the waveguide wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted on the feeding network 46. The working frequency band of the antenna in this embodiment can cover the frequency band of 5.15-6.125 GHz in the background technology.

[0056] A washer 3 72 is mounted on the stud 2 12 between the reflector 1 and the PCB board 1 4 , and a nut 2 71 is mounted on the end of the stud 2 12 that passes upward through the PCB board 1 4 . The locking of the nut 2 71 on the top of the stud 2 12 effectively ensures the reliability and stability of the structural installation; the washer 3 72 is made of plastic, and the nut 2 71 is made of metal.

[0057] In this embodiment, the thickness of the gasket 1 63 and the gasket 3 72 are similar, and they are respectively located at the stud 11 and the stud 2 12 , which effectively ensures the reliability of the structural support between the PCB board 1 4 and the reflector 1 .

[0058] The guide plates 52 and the radiation patches 41 are both in a square structure and arranged correspondingly up and down; four guide plates 52 are arranged at intervals along the length direction on a single PCB board 2 5, and two rows of radiation patches 41 corresponding to the guide plates 52 on the two PCB boards 2 5 are arranged on the PCB board 1 4.

[0059] In this embodiment, eight oscillator units are formed by setting four guide plates 52 on a single PCB board 2 5 and setting two rows of eight radiation patches 41 on a PCB board 1 4; the oscillator units are combined with a feeding network 46 of a one-to-four microstrip power divider structure on the bottom surface of the PCB board 1 4 to achieve four oscillator units radiating vertically polarized waves and four oscillator units radiating horizontally polarized waves.

[0060] In this embodiment, different network forms can be matched and different numbers of oscillator units can be set according to actual use requirements, such as gain and beam width requirements.

[0061] In this embodiment, on the basis of stud 11, washer 1 63, washer 2 62 and nut 1 61 are used to realize structural support and spacing fixation between reflector 1, PCB board 1 4 and PCB board 2 5, which not only effectively ensures the reliability and stability of the overall structure, but also has low cost and small loss.

[0062] In this embodiment, the isolation between ports can reach more than 30 dB, while in the prior art, the isolation in the case where vertical polarization and horizontal polarization share a radiation unit can only reach 20 dB, achieving a leapfrog improvement.

[0063] The present invention has a simple, compact, reasonable, ingenious structure and low cost, greatly improves the isolation between ports, realizes a wider impedance bandwidth of the radiation patch, effectively reduces the line loss of the feeding network, and improves the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0064] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0065] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined in the claims. Any form of modification may be made within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array, comprising a reflector (1), Features: The top surface of the reflector (1) is installed with a PCB board one (4) at intervals, and the top surface of the PCB board one (4) is installed with a PCB board two (5) at intervals; the side of the PCB board one (4) facing the PCB board two (5) is provided with a radiation patch (41), and the side of the PCB board two (5) facing the PCB board one (4) is provided with a guide plate (52); the radiation patch (41) and the corresponding guide plate (52) are matched to form a plurality of oscillator units; the PCB board two (5) includes two oscillator units arranged in parallel at intervals, and the oscillator units formed by the two PCB boards two (5) and the PCB board one (4) respectively radiate vertical polarized waves and horizontal polarized waves.

2. A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array as claimed in claim 1, Features: A through hole (43) is provided on the PCB board (4) located in the middle of each radiation patch (41), and a through hole (51) is provided on the PCB board (5) located in the middle of each guide plate (52); a stud (11) corresponding to the oscillator unit is formed on the top surface of the reflector (1) and extending upward, and the stud (11) passes through the through hole (43) and the through hole (51) in sequence.

3. A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array as claimed in claim 2, Features: A washer (63) is mounted on the stud (11) between the reflector (1) and the PCB board (4), a washer (62) is mounted on the stud (11) between the PCB board (4) and the PCB board (5), and a nut (61) is mounted on the end of the stud (11) passing through the PCB board (5). The stud (11) is a metal stud, and the washer (63), the washer (62) and the nut (61) are all made of plastic.

4. A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array as claimed in claim 1, Features: A feeding network (46) is arranged on the side of the PCB board one (4) facing the reflector (1), and there are two groups of feeding networks (46), and the two groups of feeding networks (46) correspond to the two PCB boards two (5) respectively; metallized vias (42) are provided at the edges of each radiation patch (41) on the PCB board one (4), and the radiation patch (41) on one side of the PCB board one (4) is connected and conducted to the feeding network (46) on the other side of the PCB board one (4) through the metallized vias (42).

5. A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array as claimed in claim 4, Features: The two groups of feeding networks (46) are respectively a vertical polarization feeding network and a horizontal polarization feeding network. The feeding network (46) adopts a one-to-four microstrip power divider structure. The space between the feeding network (46) and the reflection plate (1) is filled with air.

6. A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array as claimed in claim 4, Features: An N-type coaxial connector (3) is installed on the side of the reflector (1) facing away from the PCB board (4); the inner conductor of the N-type coaxial connector (3) passes through the reflector (1) and the PCB board (4) in turn; a soldering pad (44) is arranged on the PCB board (4) and is soldered to the end of the inner conductor; the soldering pad (44) is connected to a feeding network (46) on the side of the PCB board (4) to achieve feeding.

7. A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array as claimed in claim 6, Features: A metal microstrip branch (47) is extended from the feeding network (46) at the place where the pad (44) is in conduction, and a metal circular hole (45) is provided through the PCB board (4) at the end of the metal microstrip branch (47); the top surface of the reflector (1) extends upward to form a stud (12), the stud (12) is inserted upward into the metal circular hole (45), the stud (12) is a metal stud, and the feeding network (46) and the reflector (1) are connected by the stud (12).

8. A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array as claimed in claim 7, Features: The length of the metal microstrip branch (47) is λg / 4, where λg is the central frequency point of the waveguide wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted on the feeding network (46).

9. A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array as claimed in claim 7, Features: A washer 3 (72) is mounted on the stud 2 (12) between the reflector (1) and the PCB board 1 (4), and a nut 2 (71) is mounted on the end of the stud 2 (12) passing through the PCB board 1 (4) upwards; the washer 3 (72) is made of plastic material, and the nut 2 (71) is made of metal material.

10. A novel dual-polarized patch antenna array as claimed in claim 1, Features: The guide plates (52) and the radiation patches (41) are both arranged in a square structure and correspond to each other up and down; four guide plates (52) are arranged at intervals along the length direction on a single PCB board (5), and two rows of radiation patches (41) corresponding to the guide plates (52) on the two PCB boards (5) are arranged on the PCB board (4).

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