Display panel and display device

Abstract

The invention provides a display panel and a display device, relates to the technical field of display, and aims to realize active adjustment of the peep-proof effect of the display panel, improve the peep-proof performance of the display panel and further improve the display performance of the display device. The display panel includes: a substrate; the light-emitting layer is located on one side of the substrate, and the light-emitting layer comprises a plurality of light-emitting elements arranged in an array; the electrochromic layer is located on the side, away from the substrate, of the light-emitting layer, the electrochromic layer comprises a plurality of grating units arranged in an array mode, each grating unit comprises at least two electrochromic structures arranged at intervals, and the orthographic projection, facing the substrate, of each grating unit is overlapped with the orthographic projection, facing the substrate, of the light-emitting element; the orthographic projection, facing the substrate, of a gap between every two adjacent electrochromic structures falls into the orthographic projection, facing the substrate, of the light-emitting element, the voltages loaded on the electrochromic structures are different, and the light transmittances of the electrochromic structures are different.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of display technology, and in particular, to a display panel and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the development and advancement of display technology, the performance requirements for devices with display devices such as personal mobile terminals (such as mobile phones, mobile notebooks, etc.), PCs and ATMs are gradually increasing. In the actual use of display devices, users may usually have certain anti-peeping requirements for certain specific display images.

[0003] In traditional display panels, a privacy film layer is usually set on the packaging layer to achieve privacy protection for the display screen. However, it is usually difficult for traditional privacy film layers to actively adjust privacy protection effects such as privacy protection angle and privacy protection range, resulting in poor privacy protection performance of the display panel, which will further affect the display performance of the display device. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a display panel and a display device, which can realize active adjustment of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, improve the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and further improve the display performance of the display device.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a display panel is provided, comprising:

[0006] substrate;

[0007] A light-emitting layer, located on one side of the substrate, the light-emitting layer comprising a plurality of light-emitting elements arranged in an array;

[0008] The electrochromic layer is located on a side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, the electrochromic layer includes a plurality of arrayed grating units, the grating unit includes at least two electrochromic structures arranged at intervals, the orthographic projection of the grating unit toward the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element toward the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the gap between two adjacent electrochromic structures toward the substrate falls within the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element toward the substrate, wherein the voltages applied to the electrochromic structures are different, and the transmittance of the electrochromic structures is different.

[0009] In some embodiments, the grating unit includes a plurality of the electrochromic structures extending along a first direction and arranged along a second direction, wherein the electrochromic structures are in a strip shape, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the second direction, at least two electrochromic structures in the same grating unit have different sizes.

[0011] In some embodiments, the electrochromic structures within the grating unit are arranged symmetrically about a center line of the grating unit, and the center line is parallel to the first direction;

[0012] The distance between the electrochromic structure and the center line of the grating unit is a first distance;

[0013] The size of the electrochromic structure in the second direction is positively correlated with the first distance.

[0014] In some embodiments, the grating unit includes a plurality of concentrically arranged electrochromic structures, wherein the electrochromic structure is ring-shaped.

[0015] In some embodiments, at least two of the electrochromic structures in the same grating unit have different ring widths.

[0016] In some embodiments, in the direction from the inner diameter of the electrochromic structure to the outer diameter, the ring width of the electrochromic structure in the same grating unit gradually increases.

[0017] In some embodiments, at least two gaps in the same grating unit have different sizes.

[0018] In some embodiments, within the same grating unit, in a direction from an outer edge of the grating unit to a geometric center of the grating unit, a size of the gap within the same grating unit gradually increases.

[0019] In some embodiments, when the voltages applied to the electrochromic structures are the same, the transmittances of at least two electrochromic structures in the same grating unit are different.

[0020] In some embodiments, the distance between the electrochromic structure and the geometric center of the grating unit is a second distance;

[0021] When the voltage applied to the electrochromic structure is the same, the light transmittance of the electrochromic structure is negatively correlated with the second distance.

[0022] In some embodiments, at least two of the electrochromic structures in the same grating unit are made of different materials.

[0023] In some embodiments, the material of the electrochromic structure includes an organic electrochromic material and an inorganic electrochromic material.

[0024] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes: a touch function layer, wherein the touch function layer is located between the light emitting layer and the electrochromic layer.

[0025] In some embodiments, the display panel further includes: a driving circuit, the driving circuit is electrically connected to the electrochromic structure, and the driving circuit is used to control a voltage applied to the electrochromic structure.

[0026] In some embodiments, the driving circuit includes a plurality of driving sub-circuits, one of the driving sub-circuits is used to control the voltage applied to all the electrochromic structures in one of the grating units; and / or,

[0027] One of the driving sub-circuits is used to control the voltage on one of the electrochromic structures, and the driving sub-circuit corresponds to the electrochromic structure one by one.

[0028] In some embodiments, the total area of ​​the orthographic projections of the electrochromic structures in one grating unit toward the substrate is a first area, and the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the grating unit toward the substrate is a second area;

[0029] The ratio of the first area to the second area ranges from 10% to 80%.

[0030] In some embodiments, the electrochromic layer includes a first electrochromic layer and a second electrochromic layer, the second electrochromic layer is located on a side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, the first electrochromic layer is located on a side of the second electrochromic layer away from the substrate, and the first electrochromic layer is insulated from the second electrochromic layer;

[0031] An orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure in the first electrochromic layer toward the substrate and an orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure in the second electrochromic layer toward the substrate at least partially do not overlap.

[0032] In some embodiments, the electrochromic structure in the first electrochromic layer has a different shape from the electrochromic structure in the second electrochromic layer; or,

[0033] In the case where the electrochromic structures in the first electrochromic layer and the electrochromic structures in the second electrochromic layer have the same shape, the distribution density of the electrochromic structures in the first electrochromic layer is different from the distribution density of the electrochromic structures in the second electrochromic layer; or,

[0034] When the electrochromic structure in the first electrochromic layer and the electrochromic structure in the second electrochromic layer are both strip-shaped, the extension directions of the electrochromic structure in the first electrochromic layer and the electrochromic structure in the second electrochromic layer intersect.

[0035] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a display device is provided, including:

[0036] A display panel as described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0037] The embodiment of the present application provides a display panel and a display device, wherein an electrochromic layer is formed on a side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, and the electrochromic structures are arranged at intervals, and the orthographic projection of the gap between two adjacent electrochromic structures toward the substrate falls within the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element toward the substrate, so that the light emitted from the light-emitting layer can be emitted through the gap between the electrochromic structures, and the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure can be adjusted to adjust the transmittance of the electrochromic structure, so that when the electrochromic structure is able to transmit light, the light emitted from the light-emitting layer can be emitted through the electrochromic structure to achieve sharing of the display screen, and when the electrochromic structure is not able to transmit light, the light output angle of the display panel can be limited by the gap between the electrochromic structures to achieve anti-peeping of the display screen. Therefore, by controlling the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure, active adjustment of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel can be achieved, the anti-peeping performance of the display panel can be improved, and the display performance of the display device can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG2 is a schematic top view of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG3 is a schematic top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG4 is a schematic top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG5 is a schematic top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG6 is a schematic top view of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG7 is a schematic top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG9 is a schematic top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG10 is a schematic top view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG11 is a schematic top view of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Description of reference numerals:

[0052] 100 - substrate, 200 - pixel defining layer, 300 - light-emitting layer, 400 - touch function layer, 500 - electrochromic layer, 501 - electrochromic structure, 510 - grating unit, 521 - first electrochromic layer, 522 - second electrochromic layer, 1000 - display panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0054] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0055] In this document, spatially related terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined with reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, it will be understood that "upper" and "lower" are used interchangeably. It will be understood that when a layer is referred to as being "on" another layer, it can be directly formed on the other layer, or intervening layers may also be present. Therefore, it will be understood that when a layer is referred to as being "directly on" another layer, there are no intervening layers interposed therebetween.

[0056] In the accompanying drawings, the sizes of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity. It is understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being "on" another layer or substrate, the layer or element may be directly on the other layer or substrate, or there may be intervening layers. In addition, it is also understood that when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, the layer may be the only layer between the two layers, or there may be one or more intervening layers. In addition, the same reference numerals always represent the same elements.

[0057] Hereinafter, although terms such as "first", "second", etc. may be used to describe various components, these components are not necessarily limited to the above terms. The above terms are only used to distinguish one component from another component. It will also be understood that expressions used in the singular form include plural expressions, unless the expression in the singular form has a significantly different meaning in the context. In addition, in the following embodiments, it will also be understood that the terms "comprising" and / or "having" used herein illustrate the presence of the stated features or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features or components.

[0058] In the following embodiments, when a layer, region, or element is "connected", it can be interpreted that the layer, region, or element is not only directly connected but also connected through other constituent elements placed therebetween. For example, when a layer, region, element, etc. is described as being connected or electrically connected, the layer, region, element, etc. can be connected or electrically connected not only directly or directly, but also through another layer, region, element, etc. placed therebetween.

[0059] As used in the application documents, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. When a statement such as "at least one (one) of..." is placed after a list of elements (elements), it modifies the entire list of elements (elements), rather than modifying the individual elements (elements) in the list (elements).

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of the application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0061] It should also be understood that the terms “include / comprises” or “having” and the like specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0062] Electronic or electrical devices and / or any other related devices or components according to the embodiments of the inventive concepts described herein (e.g., a display device including a display panel and a display panel driver, wherein the display panel driver also includes a drive controller, a gate driver, a gamma reference voltage generator, a data driver, and an emission driver) can be implemented using any appropriate hardware, firmware (e.g., a dedicated integrated circuit), software, or a combination of software, firmware, and hardware. For example, the various components of these devices may be formed on an integrated circuit (IC) chip or on separate IC chips. In addition, the various components of these devices may be implemented on a flexible printed circuit film, a tape carrier package (TCP), a printed circuit board (PCB), or formed on a substrate. In addition, the various components of these devices may be processes or threads that run on one or more processors in one or more computing devices to execute computer program instructions and interact with other system components to perform the various functions described herein. The computer program instructions are stored in a memory that can be implemented in a computing device using standard storage devices (e.g., such as random access memory (RAM). The computer program instructions can also be stored in other non-transitory computer-readable media (e.g., such as CD-ROMs, flash drives, etc.). Moreover, those skilled in the art should recognize that the functions of various computing devices can be combined or integrated into a single computing device, or the functions of a particular computing device can be distributed on one or more other computing devices without departing from the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept.

[0063] Although exemplary embodiments of display modules and display devices including display modules have been specifically described herein, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it will be understood that display modules and display devices including display modules constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention may be implemented in addition to those specifically described herein. The present application is also defined in the claims and their equivalents.

[0064] It should be noted that in traditional display panels, a privacy film layer is usually set on the encapsulation layer to achieve privacy protection for the display screen. However, the traditional privacy film layer is usually directly set on the outside of the encapsulated display panel surface. The switch between the privacy protection state and the shared state can only be achieved by installing and removing the privacy film layer, and the privacy protection effect can only be changed by replacing the privacy film layer with different effects. Therefore, in traditional display panels, it is difficult to adjust the privacy protection angle, privacy protection range, and brightness under the privacy protection viewing angle, and the adjustment process is relatively complicated, which will lead to poor privacy protection performance of the display panel, and further affect the display performance of the display device.

[0065] As shown in FIG1 , in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a display panel is provided, comprising: a substrate 100, a light-emitting layer 300 and an electrochromic layer 500. The light-emitting layer 300 is located on one side of the substrate 100, and the light-emitting layer 300 includes a plurality of light-emitting elements arranged in an array; the electrochromic layer 500 is located on the side of the light-emitting layer 300 away from the substrate 100, and the electrochromic layer 500 includes a plurality of grating units 510 arranged in an array, and the grating unit 510 includes at least two electrochromic structures 501 arranged at intervals, and the orthographic projection of the grating unit 510 toward the substrate 100 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element toward the substrate 100, and the orthographic projection of the gap between two adjacent electrochromic structures 501 toward the substrate 100 falls within the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element toward the substrate 100, wherein the voltages applied to the electrochromic structure 501 are different, and the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 501 is different. The display panel further includes a pixel defining layer 200 , the pixel defining layer 200 has a plurality of pixel openings, and the light emitting layer 300 is located in the pixel openings.

[0066] Exemplarily, the display panel may further include an encapsulation layer, which is located on the side of the light-emitting layer 300 away from the substrate 100, wherein the electrochromic layer 500 may be located on the side of the encapsulation layer of the display panel away from the substrate 100, or may be located between the light-emitting layer 300 and the encapsulation layer.

[0067] As shown in FIG1 , the first light L1 emitted by the light-emitting layer 300 can be directly emitted through the gap between adjacent electrochromic structures 501, and the second light L2 emitted by the light-emitting layer cannot be emitted through the opaque electrochromic structure 501. Therefore, when the electrochromic structure 501 is opaque, the light emitted by the light-emitting layer 300 with a larger angle with the normal viewing angle cannot be emitted, thereby realizing the anti-peeping of the display screen.

[0068] For example, the electrochromic layer 500 may be in an opaque state when a voltage is applied, and the color of the electrochromic layer 500 may be black, and in a light-transmissive state when no voltage is applied. The size of the gap between two adjacent electrochromic structures 501 may be adjusted according to the anti-peeping angle.

[0069] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application forms an electrochromic layer 500 on a side of the light-emitting layer 300 away from the substrate 100, and the electrochromic structures 501 are arranged at intervals, and the orthographic projection of the gap between two adjacent electrochromic structures 501 toward the substrate 100 falls within the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element toward the substrate 100, so that the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 300 can be emitted through the gap between the electrochromic structures 501, and further, the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 501 can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure 501, so that when the electrochromic structure 501 is able to transmit light, the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 300 can be emitted through the electrochromic structure 501, thereby realizing sharing of the display screen, and when the electrochromic structure 501 is not able to transmit light, the light emission angle of the display panel can be limited by the gap between the electrochromic structures 501, thereby realizing anti-peeping of the display screen. Therefore, by controlling the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure 501, active adjustment of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel can be achieved, the anti-peeping performance of the display panel can be improved, and the display performance of the display device can be improved.

[0070] As shown in FIG. 2 , in some feasible embodiments, the grating unit 510 includes a plurality of electrochromic structures 501 extending along a first direction X and arranged along a second direction Y, wherein the electrochromic structures 501 are in a strip shape, and the first direction X intersects with the second direction Y.

[0071] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application forms a strip-shaped electrochromic structure 501 extending along the first direction X. The voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure 501 can be controlled to control the switching of the display screen between the anti-peeping state and the sharing state in the second direction Y, thereby realizing active adjustment of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 3 , in some feasible implementations, in the second direction Y, the sizes S1 of at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 are different.

[0073] It should be noted that when a certain voltage is loaded on the electrochromic structure 501, the electrochromic structure 501 will reach a completely opaque pure color state, so that the electrochromic structure 501 will block the light-emitting layer 300 to a certain extent, resulting in an incomplete display image. It is also easy to make the electrochromic structure 501 visible, affecting the display effect of the display image.

[0074] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application controls the different sizes S1 of at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 in the second direction Y, so that the shading effect of the electrochromic structure 501 can be designed according to the display requirements of the display picture, thereby reducing the visibility of the electrochromic structure 501 in the anti-peeping state and improving the integrity of the display picture, thereby improving the display effect of the display picture, further improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0075] As shown in Figure 3, in some feasible embodiments, the electrochromic structure 501 in the grating unit 510 is arranged symmetrically about the center line M of the grating unit 510, and the center line M is parallel to the first direction X; the distance between the electrochromic structure 501 and the center line M of the grating unit 510 is the first distance D1; the dimension S1 of the electrochromic structure 501 in the second direction Y is positively correlated with the first distance D1.

[0076] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the shading area of ​​the electrochromic structure 501 in the central area of ​​the pixel unit in the anti-peeping state by making the dimension S1 of the electrochromic structure 501 close to the center line M of the grating unit 510 in the second direction Y smaller than the dimension S1 of the electrochromic structure 501 far from the center line M of the grating unit 510 in the second direction Y, thereby increasing the luminous brightness of the central area of ​​the pixel unit, reducing the visibility of the electrochromic structure 501 in the central area, and improving the integrity of the displayed picture, thereby improving the display effect of the displayed picture, further improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0077] As shown in FIG4 , in some feasible implementations, the grating unit 510 includes a plurality of concentrically arranged electrochromic structures 501 , wherein the electrochromic structures 501 are in the shape of a ring, wherein the ring-shaped electrochromic structures 501 are concentrically arranged about a center O of the circle.

[0078] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application, through the concentrically arranged annular electrochromic structure 501, can control the switching of the display screen between the anti-peeping state and the sharing state in all directions except the normal viewing angle by controlling the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure 501, thereby realizing active adjustment of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0079] As shown in FIG. 5 , in some feasible implementations, at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 have different ring widths W1 .

[0080] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application, by controlling the different ring widths W1 of at least two electrochromic structures 501 within the same grating unit 510, can facilitate the design of the shading effect of the electrochromic structure 501 according to the display requirements of the display picture, reduce the visibility of the electrochromic structure 501 in the anti-peeping state, and improve the integrity of the display picture, thereby improving the display effect of the display picture, further improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0081] As shown in FIG. 5 , in some feasible implementations, in the direction from the inner diameter of the electrochromic structure 501 to the outer diameter, the ring width of the electrochromic structure 501 in the same grating unit 510 gradually increases.

[0082] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the shading area of ​​the electrochromic structure 501 in the central area of ​​the pixel unit in the anti-peeping state by making the ring width W1 of the electrochromic structure 501 close to the center O smaller than the ring width W1 of the electrochromic structure 501 far from the center O, thereby increasing the luminous brightness of the central area of ​​the pixel unit, reducing the visibility of the electrochromic structure 501 in the central area, and improving the integrity of the displayed picture, thereby improving the display effect of the displayed picture, further improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0083] As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , in some feasible implementations, at least two gaps in the same grating unit 510 have different sizes.

[0084] As shown in Fig. 6, when the electrochromic structure 501 is a strip structure extending along the first direction X, at least two gaps in the same grating unit 510 have different sizes S2 in the second direction Y. As shown in Fig. 7, when the electrochromic structure 501 is a ring structure arranged concentrically about the center O, at least two gaps in the same grating unit 510 have different ring widths W2.

[0085] It should be noted that, within the same grating unit 510, the larger the size of the gap is, the larger the light emission angle is in the anti-peep state of the display panel. At the same time, the lower the visibility of the electrochromic structure 501 is, the higher the integrity of the display image is.

[0086] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application can be designed according to the display requirements of the display picture by controlling the different sizes of at least two gaps in the same grating unit 510, and the light emitting area of ​​the electrochromic structure 501 can be designed. The visibility of the electrochromic structure 501 in the anti-peeping state can be reduced by increasing the size of the gap, thereby improving the integrity of the display picture. The shielding ability of the electrochromic structure 501 on the light emitted by the light-emitting layer 300 in the anti-peeping state can also be increased by reducing the size of the gap, thereby reducing the light emitting angle in the anti-peeping state, and enhancing the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, thereby improving the display effect of the display picture, further improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0087] As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , in some feasible implementations, within the same grating unit 510 , the size of the gap within the same grating unit 510 gradually increases in the direction from the outer edge of the grating unit 510 to the geometric center of the grating unit 510 .

[0088] As shown in Fig. 6, within the same grating unit 510, the size S2 of the gap close to the center line M of the grating unit 510 is greater than the size S2 of the gap away from the center line M of the grating unit 510. As shown in Fig. 7, within the same grating unit 510, the ring width W2 of the gap close to the center O is greater than the ring width W2 of the gap away from the center O.

[0089] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the shading area of ​​the electrochromic structure 501 in the central area of ​​the pixel unit in the anti-peeping state, increase the light output in the central area of ​​the pixel unit, improve the luminous brightness in the central area of ​​the pixel unit, reduce the visibility of the electrochromic structure 501 in the central area, and improve the integrity of the displayed picture, thereby improving the display effect of the displayed picture, further improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0090] In some feasible implementations, when the voltages applied to the electrochromic structures 501 are the same, the transmittances of at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 are different.

[0091] For example, by setting different materials for at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510, when the voltage applied to the electrochromic structures 501 is the same, the light transmittance of at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 is different.

[0092] For example, by setting the materials of at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 to be different, when the voltages applied to the electrochromic structures 501 are the same, the colors of at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 are different.

[0093] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the electrical characteristics of at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 to be different, can be conveniently designed according to the display requirements of the display picture through the electrical characteristics of the electrochromic structure 501, thereby reducing the visibility of part of the electrochromic structure 501 in the anti-peeping state, improving the integrity of the corresponding display picture, and improving the shading effect of the remaining electrochromic structure 501 in the anti-peeping state, thereby improving the display effect of the display picture, further improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0094] As shown in FIG. 7 , in some feasible embodiments, the distance between the geometric center of the electrochromic structure 501 and the grating unit 510 is a second distance D2; when the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure 501 is the same, the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 501 is negatively correlated with the second distance D2.

[0095] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure 501 is the same, can reduce the visibility of the electrochromic structure 501 in the central area of ​​the pixel unit by controlling the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 501 close to the geometric center of the grating unit 510 to be greater than the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 501 far from the geometric center of the grating unit 510, thereby improving the integrity of the corresponding display picture, thereby improving the display effect of the display picture, further improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0096] In some feasible implementations, at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 are made of different materials.

[0097] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application can make the materials of at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 different, so that when the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure 501 is the same, the transmittance of at least two electrochromic structures 501 in the same grating unit 510 is different, thereby further demonstrating the ability of the display panel to regulate the anti-peeping effect, improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0098] In some feasible implementations, the material of the electrochromic structure 501 includes an organic electrochromic material and an inorganic electrochromic material.

[0099] Exemplarily, the organic electrochromic material may include organic small molecule electrochromic materials and conductive polymer electrochromic materials, wherein the organic small molecule electrochromic materials include polythiophenes and their derivatives, viologens, tetrathiafulvalene, and metal phthalocyanine compounds, and the conductive polymer electrochromic materials include conductive polyacetylene and conjugated polymers, etc.

[0100] Exemplarily, the inorganic electrochromic material may include transition metal oxides and their derivatives, and the inorganic electrochromic material may include tungsten trioxide. The electronic layer structure of metal ions in transition metal oxides is unstable, and under certain conditions, the valence state undergoes a reversible change to form a state where mixed valence ions coexist. As the valence state and concentration of the ions change, the color also changes.

[0101] It should be noted that organic electrochromic films have lower costs, better cycle reversibility, better optical properties, and faster color conversion. Inorganic electrochromic materials have good chemical stability, strong adhesion to the substrate, simple preparation process, strong radiation resistance, and are easy to achieve full curing.

[0102] As shown in FIG. 1 , in some feasible implementations, the display panel further includes: a touch function layer 400 , and the touch function layer 400 is located between the light emitting layer 300 and the electrochromic layer 500 .

[0103] Exemplarily, when the display panel further includes an encapsulation layer, the touch function layer 400 is located on a side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate 100 .

[0104] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application can increase the distance between the light-emitting layer 300 and the electrochromic layer 500 by setting the electrochromic layer 500 on the side of the touch function layer 400 away from the substrate 100, and can avoid the distance between the light-emitting layer 300 and the electrochromic layer 500 being too close, which causes part of the wide-angle light emitted by the light-emitting layer 300 to pass through the gap and affect the anti-peeping effect of the display panel. The side wall of the electrochromic structure 501 can further block the wide-angle light, thereby improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0105] In some feasible implementations, the display panel further includes: a driving circuit, which is electrically connected to the electrochromic structure 501 , and is used to control a voltage applied to the electrochromic structure 501 .

[0106] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application can control the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 501 by setting a driving circuit to control the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure 501, thereby achieving active adjustment of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0107] In some feasible implementations, the driving circuit includes a plurality of driving sub-circuits, and one driving sub-circuit is used to control the voltage applied to all the electrochromic structures 501 in one grating unit 510 .

[0108] Exemplarily, a driving subcircuit is used to drive the anti-peeping state switch state of a grating unit 510. When the applied voltage is the same, the electrical characteristics of at least the electrochromic structure 501 in a grating unit 510 can be different, that is, the light transmittance or the structural color can be different.

[0109] It should be noted that, taking the concentrically arranged annular electrochromic structures 501 as an example, the driving sub-circuit is electrically connected to each electrochromic structure 501 in the same grating unit 510, and the connection path between the electrochromic structure 501 close to the center O and the driving sub-circuit is the longest. Therefore, the voltage drop on the wire required for the electrical connection of the electrochromic structure 501 close to the center O is the largest, and the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 501 is the highest, and the visibility in the anti-peeping state is the lowest.

[0110] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application controls the voltage loaded on all electrochromic structures 501 in a grating unit 510 through a driving subcircuit. The anti-peeping state of each pixel unit can be individually controlled by controlling the shading conditions in different grating units 510. At the same time, the voltage drop on the wire of the driving subcircuit can be used to reduce the visibility of the electrochromic structure 501 at the geometric center of the grating unit 510 in the anti-peeping state, thereby improving the integrity of the displayed image, thereby further enhancing the ability to adjust the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0111] In some feasible implementations, one driving subcircuit is used to control the voltage on one electrochromic structure 501 , and the driving subcircuit corresponds to the electrochromic structure 501 one by one.

[0112] For example, when the electrochromic structure 501 is a strip structure extending along the first direction X, the electrochromic structure on one side of the midline M of the grating unit 510 can be driven to change color by the driving subcircuit alone, thereby achieving single-sided privacy protection of the display panel.

[0113] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application controls the voltages on different electrochromic structures 501 in the grating unit 510 respectively through multiple driving sub-circuits, which can further improve the control ability of the driving sub-circuits over different electrochromic structures 501, and can facilitate controlling the color change of some electrochromic structures 501 in the anti-peeping state of the display panel according to the anti-peeping requirements of the display panel, thereby improving the active adjustment ability of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, further improving the display effect of the display picture and the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0114] In some feasible embodiments, the total area of ​​the orthographic projections of the electrochromic structures 501 in a grating unit 510 toward the substrate 100 is a first area, and the area of ​​the orthographic projections of the grating unit 510 toward the substrate 100 is a second area; the ratio of the first area to the second area ranges from 10% to 80%.

[0115] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application can avoid the ratio of the first area to the second area being too large, resulting in the shading area of ​​the electrochromic structure 501 being too large in the anti-peeping state, thereby improving the integrity of the displayed picture and the display effect of the displayed picture. It can also avoid the ratio of the first area to the second area being too small, resulting in the size of the gap between adjacent electrochromic structures 501 being too large, and then causing the electrochromic structure 501 to have insufficient shading ability for wide-angle light in the anti-peeping state, thereby improving the anti-peeping effect of the electrochromic structure 501, further improving the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0116] As shown in FIG8 , in some feasible embodiments, the electrochromic layer 500 includes a first electrochromic layer 521 and a second electrochromic layer 522, the second electrochromic layer 522 is located on a side of the light-emitting layer 300 away from the substrate 100, the first electrochromic layer 521 is located on a side of the second electrochromic layer 522 away from the substrate 100, and the first electrochromic layer 521 is insulated from the second electrochromic layer 522; the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 501 in the first electrochromic layer 521 toward the substrate 100 and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 501 in the second electrochromic layer 522 toward the substrate 100 at least partially do not overlap.

[0117] Exemplarily, the display panel further includes an insulating layer 600 , and the insulating layer 600 is located between the first electrochromic layer 521 and the second electrochromic layer 522 .

[0118] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application is configured such that the orthographic projections of the first electrochromic layer 521 and the second electrochromic layer 522 toward the substrate 100 are at least partially non-overlapping, and the two insulated electrochromic layers 500 are insulated from each other. This allows the display panel to have at least three anti-peeping states: the first electrochromic layer 521 is individually anti-peeping, the second electrochromic layer 522 is individually anti-peeping, and the first electrochromic layer 521 and the second electrochromic layer 522 are jointly anti-peeping. This makes it easy to drive different electrochromic layers 500 to change color according to the anti-peeping requirements of the display panel, further increase the ability to adjust the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, enhance the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improve the display performance of the display device.

[0119] As shown in FIG9 , in some feasible embodiments, the electrochromic structure 501 in the first electrochromic layer 521 is different in shape from the electrochromic structure 501 in the second electrochromic layer 522. The electrochromic structure 501 in the first electrochromic layer 521 is a concentrically arranged annular structure, and the electrochromic structure 501 in the second electrochromic layer 522 is a stripe structure extending along the first direction X and arranged along the second direction Y.

[0120] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the first electrochromic layer 521 and the second electrochromic layer 522 with different shapes of the electrochromic structure 501, can realize the switching of the anti-peeping state of the display panel in different directions by driving different electrochromic layers 500 to change color, thereby further increasing the adjustment capability of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, enhancing the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0121] As shown in Figure 10, in some feasible embodiments, when the electrochromic structure 501 in the first electrochromic layer 521 and the electrochromic structure 501 in the second electrochromic layer 522 have the same shape, the distribution density of the electrochromic structure 501 in the first electrochromic layer 521 is different from the distribution density of the electrochromic structure 501 in the second electrochromic layer 522.

[0122] For example, the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 501 in the first electrochromic layer 521 toward the substrate 100 may partially overlap with the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 501 in the second electrochromic layer 522 toward the substrate 100 .

[0123] The display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the electrochromic layer 500 with different distribution densities of the electrochromic structure 501 and the same shape of the electrochromic structure 501, can realize the switching of the display panel at the anti-peeping angle by driving different electrochromic layers 500 to change color, thereby further increasing the adjustment capability of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, enhancing the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0124] As shown in FIG. 11 , in some feasible embodiments, when the shapes of the electrochromic structure 501 in the first electrochromic layer 521 and the electrochromic structure 501 in the second electrochromic layer 522 are both strip-shaped, the extension directions of the electrochromic structure 501 in the first electrochromic layer 521 and the electrochromic structure 501 in the second electrochromic layer 522 intersect.

[0125] In the display panel provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the shapes of the electrochromic structure 501 in the first electrochromic layer 521 and the electrochromic structure 501 in the second electrochromic layer 522 are both strip-shaped, by setting the extension directions of the electrochromic structures 501 in different electrochromic layers 500 to intersect, the anti-peeping state of the display panel in different directions can be switched, thereby further increasing the adjustment capability of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel, enhancing the anti-peeping performance of the display panel, and improving the display performance of the display device.

[0126] As shown in FIG. 12 , a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a display device, comprising: a display panel 1000 as described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0127] The display device provided in the embodiment of the present application forms an electrochromic layer 500 on a side of the light-emitting layer 300 away from the substrate 100, and by arranging the electrochromic structures 501 at intervals, and the orthographic projection of the gap between two adjacent electrochromic structures 501 toward the substrate 100 falls within the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element toward the substrate 100, the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 300 can be emitted through the gap between the electrochromic structures 501, and further, the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 501 can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure 501, so that when the electrochromic structure 501 is able to transmit light, the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 300 can be emitted through the electrochromic structure 501, thereby realizing sharing of the display screen, and when the electrochromic structure 501 is not able to transmit light, the light emission angle of the display panel 1000 can be limited by the gap between the electrochromic structures 501, thereby realizing anti-peeping of the display screen. Therefore, by controlling the voltage loaded on the electrochromic structure 501, active adjustment of the anti-peeping effect of the display panel 1000 can be achieved, the anti-peeping performance of the display panel 1000 can be improved, and the display performance of the display device can be improved.

[0128] It can be understood that the display device in the embodiments of the present application can be an OLED display device, a QLED display device, electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a laptop computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, or any other product or component with a display function, and the embodiments disclosed in the present application are not limited to this.

[0129] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", "ideal embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0130] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0131] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that: include: substrate; A light-emitting layer, located on one side of the substrate, the light-emitting layer comprising a plurality of light-emitting elements arranged in an array; The electrochromic layer is located on a side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, the electrochromic layer includes a plurality of arrayed grating units, the grating unit includes at least two electrochromic structures arranged at intervals, the orthographic projection of the grating unit toward the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element toward the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the gap between two adjacent electrochromic structures toward the substrate falls within the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element toward the substrate, wherein the voltages applied to the electrochromic structures are different, and the transmittance of the electrochromic structures is different.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating unit includes a plurality of the electrochromic structures extending along a first direction and arranged along a second direction, wherein the electrochromic structures are in a strip shape, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the second direction, at least two electrochromic structures in the same grating unit have different sizes.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrochromic structures in the grating unit are arranged symmetrically about a center line of the grating unit, and the center line is parallel to the first direction; The distance between the electrochromic structure and the center line of the grating unit is a first distance; The size of the electrochromic structure in the second direction is positively correlated with the first distance.

5. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating unit includes a plurality of concentrically arranged electrochromic structures, wherein the electrochromic structure is in a ring shape.

6. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least two electrochromic structures in the same grating unit have different ring widths.

7. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the direction from the inner diameter of the electrochromic structure to the outer diameter, the ring width of the electrochromic structure in the same grating unit gradually increases.

8. The display panel according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that: At least two of the gaps in the same grating unit have different sizes.

9. The display panel according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the same grating unit, in the direction in which the outer edge of the grating unit points to the geometric center of the grating unit, the size of the gap in the same grating unit gradually increases.

10. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the voltages applied to the electrochromic structures are the same, at least two electrochromic structures in the same grating unit have different transmittances.

11. The display panel according to claim 10, characterized in that: The distance between the electrochromic structure and the geometric center of the grating unit is a second distance; When the voltage applied to the electrochromic structure is the same, the light transmittance of the electrochromic structure is negatively correlated with the second distance.

12. The display panel according to claim 10, characterized in that: At least two electrochromic structures in the same grating unit are made of different materials.

13. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the electrochromic structure include organic electrochromic materials and inorganic electrochromic materials.

14. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A touch function layer, wherein the touch function layer is located between the light emitting layer and the electrochromic layer.

15. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A driving circuit is electrically connected to the electrochromic structure, and is used to control a voltage applied to the electrochromic structure.

16. The display panel according to claim 15, characterized in that: The driving circuit comprises a plurality of driving sub-circuits, one of the driving sub-circuits being used to control the voltage applied to all the electrochromic structures in one of the grating units; and / or, One of the driving sub-circuits is used to control the voltage on one of the electrochromic structures, and the driving sub-circuit corresponds to the electrochromic structure one by one.

17. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total area of ​​the orthographic projections of the electrochromic structures in one grating unit toward the substrate is a first area, and the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the grating unit toward the substrate is a second area; The ratio of the first area to the second area ranges from 10% to 80%.

18. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrochromic layer comprises a first electrochromic layer and a second electrochromic layer, the second electrochromic layer is located on a side of the light-emitting layer away from the substrate, the first electrochromic layer is located on a side of the second electrochromic layer away from the substrate, and the first electrochromic layer is insulated from the second electrochromic layer; An orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure in the first electrochromic layer toward the substrate and an orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure in the second electrochromic layer toward the substrate at least partially do not overlap.

19. The display panel according to claim 18, characterized in that: The electrochromic structure in the first electrochromic layer has a different shape from the electrochromic structure in the second electrochromic layer; or, In the case where the electrochromic structures in the first electrochromic layer and the electrochromic structures in the second electrochromic layer have the same shape, the distribution density of the electrochromic structures in the first electrochromic layer is different from the distribution density of the electrochromic structures in the second electrochromic layer; or, When the electrochromic structure in the first electrochromic layer and the electrochromic structure in the second electrochromic layer are both strip-shaped, the extension directions of the electrochromic structure in the first electrochromic layer and the electrochromic structure in the second electrochromic layer intersect.

20. A display device, characterized in that: include: A display panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19.

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