Method for cultivating lycium barbarum in saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating lycium barbarum in saline-alkali soil, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: digging an annular ditch in the saline-alkali soil, then applying a base fertilizer, and preparing the soil; using the sandy soil mixture as a substrate to perform seedling culture on medlar; transplanting the seedlings into prepared saline-alkali soil planting furrows, and immediately watering until the soil surface is wet; compound fertilizer is additionally applied in the flowering and fruit setting period of medlar; and biological control. Through the whole cultivation process limited by the method, the soil structure of the saline-alkali soil is improved, and the survival rate and yield of the wolfberry in the saline-alkali soil can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali land. Background Art

[0002] Lycium barbarum is a nutritious and health-care vegetable and precious Chinese medicine that is both a medicine and food. It is sweet and mild in nature, and enters the liver and kidney meridians. It has the effects of nourishing the liver and kidney, nourishing the essence and blood, improving eyesight and eliminating cataracts, moistening the lungs and relieving coughs. The analysis and determination of the effective components in the wolfberry extract showed that it is rich in the following substances: polysaccharides, monosaccharides, betaine, fatty acids, proteins and peptides, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, 18 kinds of amino acids (including 8 essential amino acids), and trace elements (calcium, zinc, magnesium, iron, manganese, phosphorus, etc.).

[0003] With the rapid development of my country's economy and the continuous improvement of people's material living standards, the demand for health-care medicinal materials is increasing, and the contradiction between the cultivation of health-care Chinese medicinal materials and the competition for land for crop cultivation is becoming increasingly prominent. Planting health-care Chinese medicinal materials in saline-alkali land can not only solve the contradiction with crops, but also achieve the gradual improvement of saline-alkali land, which has significant economic, ecological and social benefits.

[0004] However, due to its special soil properties, saline-alkali land is often not conducive to the growth of most crops. As a salt-alkali tolerant economic crop, the cultivation of wolfberry on saline-alkali land can not only improve soil quality but also generate economic benefits. However, the application effect of traditional wolfberry cultivation methods on saline-alkali land is limited.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new cultivation method to improve the survival rate and yield of wolfberry on saline-alkali land. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali land.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0009] A method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) Soil preparation

[0011] For saline-alkali land, dig a circular ditch with a depth of 20-25cm and a width of 40cm; then apply base fertilizer to improve soil structure and increase soil fertility, and then level the soil;

[0012] (2) Seedling cultivation

[0013] Select wolfberry varieties with strong adaptability and good stress resistance; Ningqi No. 1 or Ningqi No. 4 is preferred;

[0014] Use a sand-soil mixture as a substrate for seedlings;

[0015] Sow the wolfberry seeds evenly on the surface of the substrate and cover with about 0.5-1cm thick sand; immediately irrigate until the surface of the sand is moist;

[0016] When the seedlings grow to 10-15cm in height, they are ready for transplanting. During this period, water them once every two weeks until the surface of the sand is moist.

[0017] (3) Cultivation management

[0018] Transplanting the seedlings into a pre-prepared planting ditch in saline-alkali land; the row spacing and plant spacing of the planting ditch are 1 m and 33 cm respectively;

[0019] Water immediately after transplanting until the soil surface is moist; and keep the soil moist during the growth of wolfberry seedlings, specifically irrigate once every 5 days until the soil surface is moist;

[0020] Apply compound fertilizer once during the flowering and fruiting period of wolfberry to promote the growth of wolfberry and fruit development;

[0021] (4) Biological control.

[0022] Preferably, the base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0023] 60-80 parts of animal manure, 20-35 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 8-9 parts of calcium magnesium nitrate, 12-18 parts of superphosphate, 5-9 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2-3 parts of compound bacterial agent.

[0024] Beneficial effects: Application of the above-mentioned base fertilizer defined in the present invention can significantly improve soil structure, provide essential nutrients, promote the activity of beneficial microorganisms, thereby increasing crop yield and quality. In addition, it helps to alleviate salinization and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers.

[0025] Furthermore, the composite bacterial agent is composed of nitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0026] Furthermore, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 2000-2300kg / mu.

[0027] Furthermore, the preparation process of the base fertilizer is: mixing the raw materials, sealing and fermenting at 55° C. for 48 hours to obtain the base fertilizer.

[0028] Preferably, the sand-soil mixture consists of sand and clay in a mass ratio of 4:1, wherein the particle size of the sand is 0.05-0.1 mm; and the particle size of the clay is 0.001-0.002 mm.

[0029] Preferably, the compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0030] 35-50 parts of corn straw, 30-40 parts of lignocellulose, 20-30 parts of urea, 18-28 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 10-20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 8-16 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-9 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-9 parts of ferrous sulfate and 1-5 parts of microbial agent.

[0031] Beneficial effects: applying the compound fertilizer with the above composition ratio defined in the present invention during the flowering and fruiting period of wolfberry can effectively improve soil conditions, provide necessary nutrients, promote the growth and development of wolfberry, and improve the yield and quality. And through scientific and reasonable topdressing management, the adaptability and productivity of wolfberry on saline-alkali land can be significantly improved.

[0032] Furthermore, the microbial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis deserticola CICC21180 and silicate bacteria in a mass ratio of 4-6:1.

[0033] Furthermore, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is 10-15 kg / mu.

[0034] Preferably, the preparation process of the compound fertilizer is:

[0035] The raw materials in the above weight parts are mixed, stirred evenly, dried, crushed and granulated to prepare the compound fertilizer.

[0036] Further, the stirring speed is 420-450r / min, and the stirring is 10-15min;

[0037] The temperature during the drying process is 45-55° C., and the drying time is 40-50 minutes.

[0038] Preferably, the biological control is: spraying the wolfberry leaves with a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) preparation; the mass concentration of the Bt preparation is 0.01% to 0.05%.

[0039] Furthermore, the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) preparation is sprayed once every 7-10 days for 2-3 consecutive times.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0041] 1. Create a suitable soil environment for the growth of wolfberry through soil improvement and reasonable irrigation, and significantly improve the survival rate of wolfberry in saline-alkali land;

[0042] 2. Scientific fertilization promotes the healthy growth of wolfberry plants and increases fruit yield;

[0043] 3. Using saline-alkali land to cultivate wolfberry can increase vegetation coverage and help improve the ecological environment of saline-alkali land. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0046] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0048] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0049] The "room temperature" in the present invention refers to 20-30°C unless otherwise specified.

[0050] The "parts" described in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, refer to parts by mass.

[0051] The raw materials used in the present invention are all purchased from the market. Among them, Bacillus subtilis desert subspecies CICC21180 was purchased from Beijing Yuwei Technology Co., Ltd.; silicate bacteria was purchased from Weifang Ruichen Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; nitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas was purchased from Ningbo Mingzhou Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Bacillus subtilis was purchased from Nanjing Celt Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the activity of the four bacterial agents was 20 billion cfu / g.

[0052] The saline-alkali land used in the following examples and comparative examples is from the same region, has the same cultivation area and is cultivated at the same time (the number of seedlings transplanted is 2500 per mu), and the salt content of the saline-alkali land is 0.2% to 0.4%, and the pH value is 8.5 to 9.5.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] A method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:

[0056] (1) Soil preparation

[0057] Dig a circular ditch for saline-alkali land with a depth of 25cm and a width of 40cm; then apply base fertilizer at a rate of 2300kg / mu to improve soil structure and increase soil fertility, and finally level the soil;

[0058] Among them, according to weight percentage, the base fertilizer includes the following raw materials:

[0059] 60 parts of animal feces, 20 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of calcium magnesium nitrate, 12 parts of superphosphate, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2 parts of composite bacterial agent (nitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:1);

[0060] (2) Seedling cultivation

[0061] Select Ningqi No. 1, which has strong adaptability and good stress resistance;

[0062] Use a sand-soil mixture (sand and clay in a mass ratio of 4:1, with a sand particle size of 0.05-0.1 mm and a clay particle size of 0.001-0.002 mm) as a substrate for seedling cultivation;

[0063] Sow the wolfberry seeds evenly on the surface of the substrate and cover with 1 cm thick sand; immediately irrigate until the surface of the sand is moist;

[0064] When the seedlings grow to 15cm in height, they are ready for transplanting. During this period, water the soil every two weeks until the surface of the sand is moist.

[0065] (3) Cultivation management

[0066] Transplant the seedlings into the pre-prepared planting trenches in saline-alkali soil with row and plant spacings of 1 m and 33 cm respectively;

[0067] Water immediately after transplanting until the soil surface is moist; irrigate once every five days during the growth period of wolfberry to keep the soil surface moist;

[0068] During the flowering and fruiting period of wolfberry, apply compound fertilizer at a rate of 10kg / mu to promote the growth of wolfberry and fruit development;

[0069] Among them, the compound fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0070] 35 parts of corn straw, 30 parts of lignocellulose, 20 parts of urea, 18 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 10 parts of ammonium sulfate, 8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate and 1 part of microbial agent (composed of Bacillus subtilis desert subspecies CICC21180 and silicate bacteria in a mass ratio of 5:1);

[0071] The preparation process of the compound fertilizer is:

[0072] The raw materials in the above weight parts are mixed, stirred at a speed of 450 r / min for 15 min, then dried at 55° C. for 50 min, and finally crushed and granulated to prepare the compound fertilizer;

[0073] (4) During the vigorous growth period of wolfberry, a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) preparation with a mass concentration of 0.05% was applied to the wolfberry leaves once every 7 days for 3 consecutive times until no droplets fell from the leaf surface.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] The difference from Example 1 is that

[0076] In terms of weight, the base fertilizer includes the following raw materials:

[0077] 70 parts of animal feces, 25 parts of diatomaceous earth, 14 parts of potassium sulfate, 9 parts of calcium magnesium nitrate, 15 parts of superphosphate, 7 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2 parts of composite bacterial agent (nitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:1). Other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] The difference from Example 1 is that

[0080] In terms of weight, the base fertilizer includes the following raw materials:

[0081] 80 parts of animal feces, 35 parts of diatomaceous earth, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 9 parts of calcium magnesium nitrate, 18 parts of superphosphate, 9 parts of ammonium molybdate and 3 parts of composite bacterial agent (nitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:1). Other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] The difference from Example 1 is that

[0084] In terms of weight, compound fertilizer includes the following raw materials:

[0085] 46 parts of corn stalks, 37 parts of lignocellulose, 26 parts of urea, 25 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 14 parts of ammonium sulfate, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of ferrous sulfate and 3 parts of microbial agent (composed of Bacillus subtilis desert subspecies CICC21180 and silicate bacteria in a mass ratio of 6:1). Other steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0086] Example 5

[0087] The difference from Example 1 is that

[0088] In terms of weight, compound fertilizer includes the following raw materials:

[0089] 50 parts of corn stalks, 40 parts of lignocellulose, 30 parts of urea, 28 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 16 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9 parts of potassium sulfate, 9 parts of ferrous sulfate and 5 parts of microbial agent (composed of Bacillus subtilis desert subspecies CICC21180 and silicate bacteria in a mass ratio of 6:1). Other steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0090] Example 6

[0091] The difference from Example 1 is that Ningqi No. 4 is used as wolfberry seeds. Other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] The difference from Example 1 is that no basal fertilizer is applied, and the other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 2

[0095] The difference from Example 1 is that no compound fertilizer is applied, and the other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0096] Effect verification

[0097] The survival rate and yield of wolfberry in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were statistically analyzed, as shown in Table 1.

[0098] Table 1

[0099] Seedling survival rate / % Wolfberry yield kg / mu Example 1 96.4 220 Example 2 95.9 235 Example 3 97.6 246 Example 4 96.1 224 Example 5 97.2 238 Example 6 96.7 240 Comparative Example 1 70.3 130 Comparative Example 2 76.5 146

[0100] It can be seen from Table 1 that the cultivation method defined in the present invention can significantly improve the survival rate and yield of wolfberry, and increase the economic value of saline-alkali land.

[0101] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Dig a ring ditch on saline-alkali land, then apply basal fertilizer and prepare the land; The annular groove has a depth of 20-25 cm and a width of 40 cm; The base fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: 60-80 parts of animal manure, 20-35 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 8-9 parts of calcium magnesium nitrate, 12-18 parts of superphosphate, 5-9 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2-3 parts of compound bacterial agent; (2) using the sand-soil mixture as a substrate to grow wolfberry seedlings until the seedlings grow to 10-15 cm and are ready for transplanting; (3) transplanting the seedlings into the pre-prepared saline-alkali soil planting trench and immediately watering until the soil surface is moist; Apply compound fertilizer during the flowering and fruiting period of wolfberry; (4) Biological control.

2. The method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bacterial agent is composed of nitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:

1.

3. The method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand-soil mixture is composed of sand and clay in a mass ratio of 4:1; The particle size of the sand is 0.05-0.1 mm; the particle size of the clay is 0.001-0.002 mm.

4. The method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: corn 35-50 parts of straw, 30-40 parts of lignocellulose, 20-30 parts of urea, 18-28 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 10-20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 8-16 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-9 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-9 parts of ferrous sulfate and 1-5 parts of microbial agent.

5. The method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The microbial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis desert subspecies CICC21180 and silicate bacteria in a mass ratio of 4-6:

1.

6. The method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation process of the compound fertilizer is: The raw materials are mixed according to weight proportions, stirred evenly, and then dried, crushed and granulated to prepare the compound fertilizer.

7. The method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The application amount of the compound fertilizer is 10-15kg / mu.

8. The method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological control is: Spray the leaves of wolfberry with Bacillus thuringiensis preparation; The mass concentration of the Bacillus thuringiensis preparation is 0.01% to 0.05%.

9. The method for cultivating wolfberry in saline-alkali soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The Bacillus thuringiensis preparation is sprayed once every 7-10 days for 2-3 consecutive times.