Matrix for tricholoma giganteum cultivation and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tricholoma giganteum cultivation substrate and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom planting.The preparation method of the substrate comprises the following steps that modified corncob straw cellulose, mikania micrantha, bran, cane sugar, soybean meal, yeast powder, lime, K2HPO4, light calcium carbonate and MgSO4 are weighed according to the mass parts and stirred and mixed; and adding water until the water content of the system is 60-65%, and carrying out sealed fermentation for 15-20 days to obtain the tricholoma giganteum cultivation substrate. By improving the composition and dosage of the substrate, the air permeability and water retention performance of the substrate are improved, and meanwhile, it is found through detection that the finally prepared substrate further has excellent nutrient substance absorption efficiency and antibacterial performance. Wherein the self-made modified corncob straw cellulose is added into the substrate, and the water-retaining property and the decomposability of the corncob are improved by modifying the raw material corncob.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly relates to a substrate for cultivating giant mushroom and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Macrocybe gigantea is a rare edible and medicinal mushroom belonging to the genus Clitocybe, Agaricales, Basidiomycetes, Trichostomaceae, and Agaricales. Macrocybe gigantea is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions in nature, and is distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and other provinces (regions) in my country. The fruiting body of Macrocybe gigantea is large, beautiful in appearance, not easy to open, with dense flesh, fresh and crisp taste, and rich in crude polysaccharides, crude fiber, crude protein and mineral elements. It has multiple functions such as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-tumor, anti-hypertension and immunity enhancement. Therefore, Macrocybe gigantea has great development value.

[0003] Many studies have been conducted on the artificial cultivation conditions of giant Agaricus in the prior art, and the conclusions include: giant Agaricus is a saprophytic fungus that decomposes lignin and cellulose and absorbs carbon sources through mycelium growth, but its decomposition ability is not as good as that of wood-rotting fungi such as black fungus, shiitake mushrooms and oyster mushrooms; the suitable growth temperature of giant Agaricus mycelium is 18-38°C, the suitable cultivation medium humidity is 60%-70%, and the medium pH is 5-9; giant Agaricus mycelium does not require light during the growth stage, but requires a certain amount of scattered weak light during the fruiting body development stage. At the same time, giant Agaricus is a fungus with strong aerobicity and has a large demand for air.

[0004] Combined with the above existing research, it can be obtained that during the cultivation of giant mushrooms, it is necessary to improve the absorbability of nutrients in the matrix and at the same time improve the water retention of the matrix. In this regard, many improvements have been made in existing patents: for example, the invention patent with application number 202310684402.7 discloses a method for cultivating giant mushrooms. In this invention, the pH of the cultivation raw materials is adjusted to 8.5 and the water content is adjusted to 65%. After sterilization, the giant mushroom strain is inoculated. For another example, the invention patent with application number 202410283642.0 discloses a method for preparing giant mushroom stock. The invention patent specifically discloses the composition of the culture medium, including purple stem Eupatorium straw, sawdust, duck manure, pond mud, wheat bran and CaCO3, and adjusts the water content to 60% to 65%. After sterilization, inoculation and fermentation, it is cultured. The invention patent uses the invasive species purple stem Eupatorium as a raw material and discloses the specific composition of the culture medium. Another example is the invention patent with application number 202410243751.X, which discloses a high-yield cultivation method for giant mushrooms. This invention patent improves the quality and yield of giant mushrooms by optimizing temperature, humidity, light and carbon dioxide concentration. The above existing patents mainly conduct in-depth research on the pH and water content of the cultivation raw materials and the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration of the cultivation environment, but there is little research on the water retention of the cultivation substrate itself. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention aims to provide a substrate for cultivating giant mushroom and a preparation method thereof, aiming to improve the water retention of the substrate.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for preparing a substrate for growing giant mushrooms comprises the following steps: Modified corn cob straw cellulose, ragweed, bran, sucrose, soybean meal, yeast powder, lime, K2HPO4, light calcium carbonate and MgSO4 were weighed according to their mass parts and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then ground through a 100-mesh sieve, and water was added thereto to a moisture content of 60% to 65%. The mixture was sealed and fermented for 15 to 20 days. After completion, a substrate for cultivating giant Agaricus tumefaciens was obtained.

[0007] Furthermore, the matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 47-55 parts of modified corn cob straw cellulose, 20-25 parts of micrantha, 10-15 parts of bran, 8-10 parts of sucrose, 4-5 parts of soybean meal, 2-3 parts of yeast powder, 2-3 parts of lime, 0.5-0.8 parts of K2HPO4, 0.4-0.5 parts of light calcium carbonate, and 0.2-0.5 parts of MgSO4.

[0008] Furthermore, the matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 54 parts of modified corn cob straw cellulose, 22 parts of micrantha, 12 parts of bran, 9 parts of sucrose, 4 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of yeast powder, 2 parts of lime, 0.6 parts of K2HPO4, 0.4 parts of light calcium carbonate, and 0.3 parts of MgSO4.

[0009] Furthermore, the modified corncob straw cellulose is prepared by the following steps: S1. Take corn cobs and crush them through a 40-mesh sieve, then stir and add an 18% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution to the cobs, soak for 10 to 12 hours, centrifuge, collect solid components, stir and add a 5% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution to the solid components, mix and stir for 0.5 to 1 hour, then add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the system to 11.5 to 12.5. After the adjustment, heat the system to 50 to 55°C, stir at a constant temperature for 5 to 6 hours, filter while hot after stirring, wash the filter cake with deionized water until it is neutral, and then dry it at 80 to 100°C for 5 to 6 hours to obtain straw cellulose; S2, take chloroform, add straw cellulose and [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride thereto under nitrogen protection, stir at room temperature for 30-50 min, then add Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin thereto with stirring, heat the system to 65-70° C., stir for 5-6 h, after completion, filter to remove Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin, and evaporate the filtrate to remove chloroform to obtain modified straw cellulose; S3. Take methanol and add the modified corn cob straw cellulose under nitrogen protection, stir and mix for 30 minutes, then add 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, potassium persulfate and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide. After the addition is completed, the system is heated to 40°C and stirred at a constant temperature for 3 to 4 hours. After completion, the methanol is removed by rotary evaporation and the mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain modified corn cob straw cellulose.

[0010] Furthermore, the usage ratio of the corn cob, the 18% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, and the 5% by mass hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution in S1 is 200 g: 400-500 mL: 1.5-2 L.

[0011] Furthermore, the usage ratio of chloroform, straw cellulose, [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride, and Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin in S2 is 300 mL: 50 g: 26.2-31.5 g: 18-20 g.

[0012] Furthermore, the usage ratio of chloroform, straw cellulose, [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride, and Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin in S2 is 300 mL: 50 g: 28.8 g: 20 g.

[0013] Furthermore, the usage ratio of methanol, modified straw cellulose, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, potassium persulfate, and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide in S3 is 200 mL: 50 g: 20.7-24.9 g: 0.5-1 g: 0.02-0.03 g.

[0014] Furthermore, the usage ratio of methanol, modified straw cellulose, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, potassium persulfate, and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide in S3 is 200 mL: 50 g: 22.8 g: 1 g: 0.03 g.

[0015] Furthermore, the giant mushroom cultivation substrate is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a substrate for cultivating giant mushroom and a preparation method thereof. The present invention aims to improve the air permeability and water retention performance of the substrate by improving the composition and dosage of the substrate. At the same time, it is found through testing that the substrate finally prepared by the present invention also has excellent nutrient absorption efficiency and antibacterial performance. The substrate is added with homemade modified corn cob straw cellulose, and the water retention and easy decomposability of the corn cob are improved by modifying the raw corn cob. The specific modification process and modification principle are as follows: (1) The present invention performs an alkali dissolution pretreatment on corn cobs to prepare straw cellulose. Since the nutrients required for the production of giant mushrooms include carbon sources, nitrogen sources, inorganic salts and growth factors, and giant mushrooms have a strong decomposition ability for polysaccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose, the present invention can improve the decomposition efficiency of giant mushrooms on corn cobs by performing an alkali dissolution pretreatment on corn cobs.

[0017] (2) The present invention modifies the straw cellulose obtained after the alkali dissolution pretreatment. The present invention utilizes the hydroxyl groups in the straw cellulose and the anhydride in [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl] succinic anhydride to undergo an ester exchange reaction under the catalytic action of Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin to obtain modified straw cellulose. The present invention introduces a long hydrocarbon chain in the branching direction into the straw cellulose to give the modified straw cellulose hydrophilic and lipophilic properties. The hydrophilic part can bind to water molecules, and the introduction of the hydrophobic structure reduces the water loss rate, ultimately achieving the purpose of improving the water retention of the modified corn cob straw cellulose. At the same time, the present invention introduces a siloxane chain into the straw cellulose to improve the compatibility between the modified straw cellulose and other components in the matrix. At the same time, since the siloxane chain has a lower surface tension, the modified straw cellulose is given excellent surface activity, thereby reducing the load of miscellaneous bacteria, and ultimately improving the antibacterial performance of the matrix against miscellaneous bacteria.

[0018] (3) The present invention introduces the salt-tolerant monomer 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid into the surface of the modified corn cob straw cellulose through a condensation reaction. The sulfonic acid group in 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid can maintain solubility and stability in a high-salt environment. Therefore, the introduction of the salt-tolerant monomer 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid improves the water retention of the finally prepared modified corn cob straw cellulose in a high-salt environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 Preparation of modified corncob straw cellulose: S1. Weigh 200 g of corn cobs, crush them through a 40-mesh sieve, add 400 mL of 18% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution under stirring, soak for 10 h at room temperature, centrifuge after soaking, collect solid components, add 1.5 L of 5% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution under stirring to the solid components, mix and stir for 0.5 h, add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the system to 12.5, heat the system to 50 ° C, stir at constant temperature for 5 h, filter while hot after stirring, wash the filter cake with deionized water until neutral, and dry it at 80 ° C for 5 h to obtain straw cellulose; S2, weigh 300 mL of chloroform, add 50 g of straw cellulose and 26.2 g of [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride thereto under nitrogen protection, stir at room temperature for 30 min, then add 18 g of Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin thereto with stirring, heat the system to 65 ° C and stir for 5 h, after completion, filter to remove the Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin, and evaporate the filtrate to remove chloroform to obtain modified straw cellulose; S3. Weigh 200 mL of methanol, add 50 g of modified corn cob straw cellulose under nitrogen protection, stir and mix for 30 min, add 20.7 g of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 0.5 g of potassium persulfate and 0.02 g of N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, heat the system to 40 ° C, stir and react at constant temperature for 3 h, remove methanol by rotary evaporation, and cool to room temperature to obtain modified corn cob straw cellulose.

[0021] Example 2 Preparation of modified corncob straw cellulose: S1. Weigh 200 g of corn cobs, crush them through a 40-mesh sieve, and then stir and add 450 mL of an 18% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution to the corn cobs, soak them at room temperature for 12 h, centrifuge them after soaking, collect the solid components, and then stir and add 2 L of a 5% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution to the solid components, mix and stir for 1 h, and then add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the system to 11.8. After the adjustment, heat the system to 55°C, stir at a constant temperature for 6 h, filter while hot after stirring, wash the filter cake with deionized water until it is neutral, and then dry it at 100°C for 6 h to obtain straw cellulose; S2, weigh 300 mL of chloroform, add 50 g of straw cellulose and 28.8 g of [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride thereto under nitrogen protection, stir at room temperature for 50 min, then add 20 g of Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin thereto with stirring, heat the system to 70 ° C and stir for 6 h, after completion, filter to remove the Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin, and evaporate the filtrate to remove chloroform to obtain modified straw cellulose; S3. Weigh 200 mL of methanol, add 50 g of modified corn cob straw cellulose under nitrogen protection, stir and mix for 30 min after the addition is completed, then add 22.8 g of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 1 g of potassium persulfate and 0.03 g of N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, after the addition is completed, heat the system to 40 ° C, stir and react at a constant temperature for 4 hours, after completion, remove methanol by rotary evaporation, cool to room temperature, and obtain modified corn cob straw cellulose.

[0022] Example 3 Preparation of modified corncob straw cellulose: S1. Weigh 200 g of corn cobs, crush them through a 40-mesh sieve, add 500 mL of an 18% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass fraction, and soak them at room temperature for 12 hours. After soaking, centrifuge, collect the solid components, and then add 2 L of a 5% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution with a mass fraction to the solid components, mix and stir for 1 hour, and then add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the system to 11.5. After adjustment, heat the system to 55°C, stir at a constant temperature for 6 hours, filter while hot after stirring, wash the filter cake with deionized water until it is neutral, and then dry it at 100°C for 6 hours to obtain straw cellulose; S2, weigh 300 mL of chloroform, add 50 g of straw cellulose and 31.5 g of [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride thereto under nitrogen protection, stir at room temperature for 50 min, then add 20 g of Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin thereto with stirring, heat the system to 70 ° C and stir for 6 h, after completion, filter to remove the Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin, and evaporate the filtrate to remove chloroform to obtain modified straw cellulose; S3. Weigh 200 mL of methanol, add 50 g of modified corn cob straw cellulose under nitrogen protection, stir and mix for 30 min, add 24.9 g of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 1 g of potassium persulfate and 0.03 g of N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, heat the system to 40 ° C, stir and react at constant temperature for 4 h, remove methanol by rotary evaporation, and cool to room temperature to obtain modified corn cob straw cellulose.

[0023] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 is the control group of Example 2, in which the modified raw material [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride in Example 2 is removed, and the remaining raw materials, raw material amounts and preparation methods remain unchanged, and finally modified corn cob straw cellulose is obtained.

[0024] Test Example 1 The antibacterial property of the modified corn cob straw cellulose prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 was tested. The testing process is as follows. The test results are shown in Table 1: Solid culture medium: 20g glucose, 2g peptone, 2g yeast extract powder, 15g agar, dilute to 1L with water, natural pH; culture Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to logarithmic growth phase, dilute to 10 with sterile water 5 CFU / mL, use a spreader to evenly spread the diluted bacterial solution on the solid culture medium, place an Oxford cup vertically on the surface of the solid culture medium, add modified corn cob straw cellulose into the cup, fill it up and culture it at 37℃ for 16h, then use a vernier caliper to measure the diameter of the inhibition zone and record it in the following Table 1: Table 1 project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Diameter of Escherichia coli inhibition zone (cm) 2.28 2.32 2.31 1.65 Staphylococcus aureus inhibition zone diameter (cm) 2.12 2.18 2.15 1.47 It can be seen from Table 1 that the modified corncob straw cellulose prepared by the present invention has a certain resistance to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

[0025] Example 4 A method for preparing a substrate for growing giant mushrooms comprises the following steps: First, the matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 47 parts of modified corn cob straw cellulose prepared in Example 1, 20 parts of ragweed, 10 parts of bran, 8 parts of sucrose, 4 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of yeast powder, 2 parts of lime, 0.5 parts of K2HPO4, 0.4 parts of light calcium carbonate, and 0.2 parts of MgSO4.

[0026] Then, the modified corn cob straw cellulose, ragweed, bran, sucrose, soybean meal, yeast powder, lime, K2HPO4, light calcium carbonate and MgSO4 prepared in Example 1 were weighed according to the above-mentioned mass parts, and stirred for 30 minutes. After stirring, a mixture was obtained. The mixture was then ground through a 100-mesh sieve and transferred to a fermentation tank. Water was added to the system to a moisture content of 60%. The fermentation was closed for 15 days. After completion, a substrate for cultivating giant Agaricus bisporus was obtained.

[0027] Example 5 A method for preparing a substrate for growing giant mushrooms comprises the following steps: First, the matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 54 parts of modified corn cob straw cellulose prepared in Example 2, 22 parts of ragweed, 12 parts of bran, 9 parts of sucrose, 4 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of yeast powder, 2 parts of lime, 0.6 parts of K2HPO4, 0.4 parts of light calcium carbonate, and 0.3 parts of MgSO4.

[0028] Then, the modified corn cob straw cellulose, ragweed, bran, sucrose, soybean meal, yeast powder, lime, K2HPO4, light calcium carbonate and MgSO4 prepared in Example 2 were weighed according to the above-mentioned mass parts, and stirred for 30 minutes. After stirring, a mixture was obtained. The mixture was then ground through a 100-mesh sieve and transferred to a fermentation tank. Water was added to the system to a moisture content of 65%. The fermentation was closed for 20 days. After completion, a matrix for cultivating giant Agaricus bisporus was obtained.

[0029] Example 6 A method for preparing a substrate for growing giant mushrooms comprises the following steps: First, the matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 55 parts of modified corn cob straw cellulose prepared in Example 3, 25 parts of ragweed, 15 parts of bran, 10 parts of sucrose, 5 parts of soybean meal, 3 parts of yeast powder, 3 parts of lime, 0.8 parts of K2HPO4, 0.5 parts of light calcium carbonate, and 0.5 parts of MgSO4.

[0030] Then, the modified corn cob straw cellulose, ragweed, bran, sucrose, soybean meal, yeast powder, lime, K2HPO4, light calcium carbonate and MgSO4 prepared in Example 3 were weighed according to the above-mentioned mass parts, and stirred for 30 minutes. After stirring, a mixture was obtained. The mixture was then ground through a 100-mesh sieve and transferred to a fermentation tank. Water was added to the system to a moisture content of 65%. The fermentation was closed for 20 days. After completion, a substrate for cultivating giant Agaricus bisporus was obtained.

[0031] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 is the control group of Example 5, in which the modified corn cob straw cellulose prepared in Example 2 in Example 5 is replaced by the modified straw cellulose in Example 2, and the other raw materials, raw material amounts and preparation methods remain unchanged, and finally a matrix for cultivating giant Agaricus bisporus is obtained.

[0032] Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 3 is the control group of Example 5, in which the modified corn cob straw cellulose prepared in Example 2 in Example 5 is replaced by the straw cellulose in Example 2, and the other raw materials, raw material amounts and preparation methods remain unchanged, and finally a matrix for cultivating giant Agaricus bisporus is obtained.

[0033] Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 4 is the control group of Example 5, in which the modified corn cob straw cellulose prepared in Example 2 in Example 5 is replaced with corn cobs, and the other raw materials, raw material amounts and preparation methods remain unchanged, and finally a matrix for cultivating giant Agaricus tumefaciens is obtained.

[0034] Test Example 2 The water retention of the substrates prepared in Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 was tested. The testing process is as follows. The test results are shown in Table 2: Water retention: Weigh 10g of the matrix and immerse it in pure water. After continuous absorption for 1 hour, filter and drain until there is no water droplet to obtain a saturated matrix. Weigh it and record it as m1. Then place the saturated matrix at 25℃ and let it stand for 12 hours. Weigh it again and record it as m2. Calculate the water retention rate (%): Water retention rate = (m1-m2) / (m1-10)×100%.

[0035] Table 2 project Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Water retention rate (%) 61.7 64.2 63.5 47.4 32.0 25.8 It can be seen from Table 2 that the addition of the modified corncob straw cellulose prepared by the present invention can significantly improve the water retention of the prepared matrix.

[0036] Test Example 3 The substrates prepared in Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 were subjected to a giant mushroom cultivation test. The test process is as follows. The test results are shown in Table 3: Culture medium: (1) Basic culture medium: 20 g glucose, 2 g peptone, 15 g agar, dilute to 1 L with ultrapure water, natural pH; (2) YPD solid culture medium: 20 g glucose, 2 g peptone, 2 g yeast extract powder, 15 g agar, dilute to 1 L with water, natural pH.

[0037] Experimental strain: A wild Agaricus tumefaciens strain was collected from a corn field in Mangbie Village, Jiucheng Township, Shidian County, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province. Then, a robust and tender fruiting body was taken using the conventional tissue separation method for edible fungi. The fruiting body was washed with sterile water and disinfected with 75% alcohol. On the clean bench, a piece of mushroom flesh at the junction of the cap and the stipe was inoculated on the above-mentioned YPD solid culture medium. After culturing at 25°C for 5 days, pure mycelium was obtained. The pure mycelium was transferred to the above-mentioned basal culture medium and sent to the Institute of Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences for identification as a Agaricus tumefaciens strain.

[0038] Matrix sterilization: The matrix prepared in Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 was sterilized for 2 h at a sterilization temperature of 121° C. and a sterilization pressure of 0.12 MPa. The sterilization was repeated three times at intervals of 24 h to ensure that the bacteria in the matrix were fully inactivated and set aside.

[0039] Inoculation culture: Take a polypropylene plastic bag with a width of 15 cm × a length of 26 cm × a single layer thickness of 0.0055 cm, put 500 g of substrate into each bag, and then inoculate 15 g of pure mycelium. After the inoculation is completed, place it in a culture room for spawning. The temperature in the culture room is a constant temperature of 28 ° C, the air humidity is a constant 65%, and culture is carried out in a dark place. The speed (mm / d) of mycelium growth is recorded once every 5 days with a vernier caliper, and the growth potential of mycelium is recorded. Repeat 5 times and take the average value. The substrates prepared in Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 2 to 4 are respectively subjected to a horizontal comparison test. The cultivation results (speed and growth potential of mycelium growth) of each group of Examples / Comparative Example substrates for giant mushrooms within 15 days are recorded, and recorded in the following Table 3: Table 3

[0040] Note: “+++” indicates that the mycelium is white, thick and dense; “++” indicates that the mycelium is white and relatively thick; “+” indicates that the mycelium is white, sparse and thin.

[0041] It can be seen from Table 3 that the substrates prepared in Examples 4 to 6 of the present invention have a significant promoting effect on the growth of Agaricus thunbergii. Among them, the substrate to which the modified corn cob straw cellulose prepared in Example 2 of the present invention is added has a significant promoting effect on the growth and vigor of Agaricus thunbergii mycelium.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this article, terms such as "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or equipment that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or equipment.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a giant mushroom cultivation substrate, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Modified corn cob straw cellulose, ragweed, bran, sucrose, soybean meal, yeast powder, lime, K2HPO4, light calcium carbonate and MgSO4 were weighed according to their mass parts and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then ground through a 100-mesh sieve, and water was added thereto to a moisture content of 60% to 65%. The mixture was sealed and fermented for 15 to 20 days. After completion, a substrate for cultivating giant Agaricus tumefaciens was obtained.

2. The method for preparing a giant mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 47-55 parts of modified corn cob straw cellulose, 20-25 parts of micrantha, 10-15 parts of bran, 8-10 parts of sucrose, 4-5 parts of soybean meal, 2-3 parts of yeast powder, 2-3 parts of lime, 0.5-0.8 parts of K2HPO4, 0.4-0.5 parts of light calcium carbonate, and 0.2-0.5 parts of MgSO4.

3. The method for preparing a giant mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 54 parts of modified corn cob straw cellulose, 22 parts of micrantha, 12 parts of bran, 9 parts of sucrose, 4 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of yeast powder, 2 parts of lime, 0.6 parts of K2HPO4, 0.4 parts of light calcium carbonate, and 0.3 parts of MgSO4.

4. The method for preparing a giant mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified corncob straw cellulose is prepared by the following steps: S1. Take corn cobs and crush them through a 40-mesh sieve, then stir and add an 18% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution to the cobs, soak for 10 to 12 hours, centrifuge, collect solid components, stir and add a 5% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution to the solid components, mix and stir for 0.5 to 1 hour, then add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the system to 11.5 to 12.

5. After the adjustment, heat the system to 50 to 55°C, stir at a constant temperature for 5 to 6 hours, filter while hot after stirring, wash the filter cake with deionized water until it is neutral, and then dry it at 80 to 100°C for 5 to 6 hours to obtain straw cellulose; S2, take chloroform, add straw cellulose and [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride thereto under nitrogen protection, stir at room temperature for 30-50 min, then add Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin thereto with stirring, heat the system to 65-70° C., stir for 5-6 h, after completion, filter to remove Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin, and evaporate the filtrate to remove chloroform to obtain modified straw cellulose; S3. Take methanol and add the modified corn cob straw cellulose under nitrogen protection, stir and mix for 30 minutes, then add 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, potassium persulfate and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide. After the addition is completed, the system is heated to 40°C and stirred at a constant temperature for 3 to 4 hours. After completion, the methanol is removed by rotary evaporation and the mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain modified corn cob straw cellulose.

5. The method for preparing a giant mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The usage ratio of the corn cob, the 18% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, and the 5% by mass hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution in S1 is 200 g: 400-500 mL: 1.5-2 L.

6. The method for preparing a giant mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The usage ratio of chloroform, straw cellulose, [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride and Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin in S2 is 300 mL: 50 g: 26.2-31.5 g: 18-20 g.

7. The method for preparing a giant mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The usage ratio of chloroform, straw cellulose, [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]succinic anhydride, and Amberlyst-15 ion exchange resin in S2 is 300 mL: 50 g: 28.8 g: 20 g.

8. The method for preparing a giant mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The usage ratio of methanol, modified straw cellulose, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, potassium persulfate and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide in S3 is 200mL:50g:20.7-24.9g:0.5-1g:0.02-0.03g.

9. The method for preparing a giant mushroom cultivation substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The usage ratio of methanol, modified straw cellulose, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, potassium persulfate, and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide in S3 is 200 mL: 50 g: 22.8 g: 1 g: 0.03 g.

10. A giant mushroom cultivation substrate, characterized in that: Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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