Thermal management system of electric automobile and control method of thermal management system

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal management system of an electric automobile and a control method of the thermal management system, and relates to the technical field of electric automobiles. The system comprises a refrigerant loop and a cooling liquid loop. The refrigerant loop comprises a first pipeline, and a compression mechanism, a condensation mechanism, a liquid storage mechanism, an expansion valve and an evaporation mechanism which are sequentially communicated through the first pipeline; a refrigerant circulates in the first pipeline; the cooling liquid loop comprises a second pipeline, and a water pump, a ten-way valve, a passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism, a motor and a battery which are connected in the second pipeline; cooling liquid circulates in the second pipeline; the refrigerant loop and the cooling liquid loop are connected through a condensation mechanism and an evaporation mechanism. And through cooperation of the water pump and the ten-way valve, the cooling liquid is conveyed to at least one of the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism, the motor and the battery. The heat management efficiency is high, the battery energy consumption is reduced, the endurance mileage of the electric automobile is increased, the refrigerant loop structure is simple, and the refrigerant charging amount is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular to a thermal management system of an electric vehicle and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The new energy vehicle industry is developing at an increasingly faster pace. In particular, electric vehicles have become an important development direction for the modern automobile industry, and the thermal management technology of electric vehicles is becoming increasingly important.

[0003] For electric vehicles, due to concerns about their range, how to improve their range through efficient and energy-saving thermal management technology has gradually become a key research direction.

[0004] Currently, electric vehicle passenger compartments and batteries mainly use electric heating solutions. However, the efficiency of electric heating is low, which will lead to a significant reduction in the range of electric vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a thermal management system for an electric vehicle and a control method thereof, aiming to solve the problem that the thermal management efficiency of existing electric vehicles is low, which leads to a significant reduction in cruising range.

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a thermal management system for an electric vehicle, comprising: a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit;

[0007] The refrigerant circuit comprises: a first pipeline and a compression mechanism, a condensation mechanism, a liquid storage mechanism, an expansion valve, and an evaporation mechanism which are sequentially connected by the first pipeline; refrigerant flows in the first pipeline;

[0008] The coolant circuit includes: a second pipeline and a water pump connected to the second pipeline, a ten-way valve, a passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism, a motor and a battery; the second pipeline has coolant flowing in it;

[0009] The refrigerant circuit and the coolant circuit are connected via the condensing mechanism and the evaporating mechanism;

[0010] Through the cooperation of the water pump and the ten-way valve, the coolant is delivered to at least one of the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism, the motor and the battery.

[0011] In the embodiment of the present invention, the compression mechanism is used to compress the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor into the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor, the condensing mechanism condenses the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to turn it into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, the liquid storage mechanism is used to store excess liquid refrigerant, and the expansion valve is used to throttle the refrigerant to throttle the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. The evaporation mechanism evaporates the two-phase refrigerant into a gaseous refrigerant and cools the coolant at the same time. That is, the condensing mechanism can prepare heat, provide heat to the coolant, and heat the coolant, and the evaporation mechanism can prepare cold, provide cold to the coolant, and cool the coolant. Then, the water pump and the ten-way valve cooperate to transport the coolant to at least one of the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism, the motor, and the battery, that is, to send the cold and heat to the required location, that is, the present application adopts a pump heating method. Compared with electric heating, the thermal management efficiency of pump heating is high, which saves battery energy consumption, has little effect on the attenuation of the cruising range, and can improve the cruising range of electric vehicles. Moreover, the thermal management system is a full secondary circuit system. The refrigerant circuit uses only one expansion valve without reversing, that is, the refrigerant circuit is only a single circuit, and heat exchange with the coolant can be achieved only through the two heat exchangers of the evaporation mechanism and the condensation mechanism. The refrigerant circuit has a simple structure, which greatly reduces the components of the refrigerant circuit, greatly reduces the amount of refrigerant used, or greatly reduces the amount of refrigerant charged, so that the thermal management system can be used for a variety of refrigerants (such as high-pressure refrigerants, flammable refrigerants, etc.), which is convenient for the subsequent upgrade of the thermal management system and the replacement of refrigerants, and is more practical. In addition, the coolant circuit is simplified by the ten-way valve, the number of parts is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

[0012] Optionally, the coolant circuit further includes: a three-way valve; the ten-way valve includes: an A port, a B port, a C port, a D port, an E port, a F port, a G port, an H port, an I port, and a J port distributed in sequence; the first port of the three-way valve is connected to the B port of the ten-way valve;

[0013] The thermal management system of the electric vehicle switches between different working modes based on the three-way valve and the ten-way valve.

[0014] Optionally, the water pump includes a first water pump and a second water pump; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core and a warm air core; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger and a fan; the first port of the three-way valve, the G port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, and the I port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed;

[0015] The evaporation mechanism, the cold air core, the G port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, and the first port of the three-way valve are connected in sequence, and the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the first water pump, and the evaporation mechanism are connected in sequence to form a partial path of the first cooling circuit; the first cooling circuit is at least used to cool the battery and / or the passenger compartment;

[0016] The condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the external heat exchanger, the C port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence to form a first heat dissipation circuit; the fan rotates to purge the external heat exchanger, and the first heat dissipation circuit is at least used to dissipate the heat absorbed from the first cooling circuit and the motor from the external heat exchanger.

[0017] Optionally, the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism further includes: a blower; the first cooling circuit includes: a passenger compartment cooling circuit; the second port of the three-way valve is closed, the third port of the three-way valve is opened and connected to the A port of the ten-way valve, and forms the passenger compartment cooling circuit with a part of the path of the first cooling circuit;

[0018] In the passenger compartment cooling mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioner in the vehicle is adjusted to the cooling state, and the passenger compartment cooling circuit cools the passenger compartment; or,

[0019] In the passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to an intermediate state, and the passenger compartment cooling circuit cools and dehumidifies the passenger compartment; the intermediate state is different from the cooling state and the heating state.

[0020] Optionally, the coolant circuit also includes: a third water pump; the first cooling circuit includes: a battery cooling circuit; in the battery cooling operating mode, the third port of the three-way valve is closed and the second port of the three-way valve is opened; the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, and port A of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, forming a battery cooling circuit with part of the path of the first cooling circuit; the battery cooling circuit cools the battery.

[0021] Optionally, the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism further includes: a blower; the first cooling circuit includes: a cooling circuit for the passenger compartment and the battery; the coolant circuit further includes: a third water pump;

[0022] The third port of the three-way valve and the second port of the three-way valve are both open, the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the A port of the ten-way valve, and the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, forming a cooling circuit for the passenger compartment and the battery with a partial path of the first cooling circuit;

[0023] In the passenger compartment and battery cooling working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioner in the vehicle is adjusted to the cooling state, and the passenger compartment and battery cooling circuit cools both the battery and the passenger compartment; or,

[0024] In the passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification and battery cooling operating mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to an intermediate state, and the passenger compartment cooling circuit cools and dehumidifies the passenger compartment and also cools the battery; the intermediate state is different from the cooling state and the heating state.

[0025] Optionally, the water pump includes: a first water pump and a second water pump; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core and a warm air core; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger, a fan and a first parallel branch connected in parallel with the cold air core; the first port of the three-way valve, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the I port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the J port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed;

[0026] The evaporation mechanism, the first parallel branch, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the external heat exchanger, the C port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the first water pump, and the evaporation mechanism are sequentially connected to form a first heat absorption circuit; the first heat absorption circuit is used to cool at least the motor and absorb waste heat from the motor; the fan rotates to absorb heat outside the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger;

[0027] The condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, and the first port of the three-way valve are connected in sequence, and the A port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence to form a partial path of the first heating circuit; the first heating circuit is at least used to heat the battery and / or the passenger compartment.

[0028] Optionally, the first heating circuit includes: one of a passenger compartment heating circuit, a battery heating circuit, and a passenger compartment and battery heating circuit;

[0029] The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism further includes: a blower; the second port of the three-way valve is closed, the third port of the three-way valve is opened, the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the A port of the ten-way valve, and forms the passenger compartment heating circuit with a part of the path of the first heating circuit; in the passenger compartment heating working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioner in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state, and the passenger compartment heating circuit heats the passenger compartment; or,

[0030] The coolant circuit further includes: a third water pump; the third port of the three-way valve is closed, the second port of the three-way valve is opened, the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump 7, the battery and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and form the battery heating circuit with a part of the path of the first heating circuit; in the battery heating working mode, the battery heating circuit heats the battery; or,

[0031] The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism also includes: a blower; the coolant circuit also includes: a third water pump; the second port of the three-way valve and the third port of the three-way valve are both open, the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the A port of the ten-way valve, the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and form the passenger compartment and battery heating circuit with part of the path of the first heating circuit; in the passenger compartment and battery simultaneous heating working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state, and the passenger compartment and battery heating circuit heats both the passenger compartment and the battery.

[0032] Optionally, the water pump includes a first water pump and a second water pump; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger and a fan; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core, a warm air core and a blower; the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, the G port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the I port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the J port of the ten-way valve are all opened, and the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; the evaporation mechanism, the cold air core, the G port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the external heat exchanger, the C port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the first water pump, and the evaporation mechanism are connected in sequence to form a second heat absorption circuit; the second heat absorption circuit at least cools the motor and absorbs waste heat from the motor; the fan rotates to absorb heat outside the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger;

[0033] The condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence;

[0034] The second port of the three-way valve is closed to form a cabin heating and dehumidification circuit; in the passenger compartment heating and dehumidification working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to an intermediate state, and the cabin heating and dehumidification circuit is used to heat and dehumidify the passenger compartment; the intermediate state is different from the cooling state and the heating state; or,

[0035] The coolant circuit also includes: a third water pump; the second port of the three-way valve is opened, and the first port of the three-way valve, the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence to form a passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating circuit; in the passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating working mode, the blower rotates, and the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to an intermediate state, and the passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating circuit is used to heat and dehumidify the passenger compartment and heat the battery; the intermediate state is different from the cooling state and the heating state.

[0036] Optionally, the water pump includes a first water pump, a second water pump and a third water pump; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core, a warm air core and a blower; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger, a first parallel branch connected in parallel with the cold air core and a second parallel branch connected in parallel with the external heat exchanger; the first port, the second port, the third port of the three-way valve, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the I port of the ten-way valve and the J port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed;

[0037] The evaporation mechanism, the first parallel branch, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the second parallel branch, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the first water pump, and the evaporation mechanism are connected in sequence to form a third heat absorption circuit; the third heat absorption circuit cools at least the motor and the battery, and absorbs waste heat from the motor and the battery;

[0038] The condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence to form a waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment circuit; in the waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state, and the waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment circuit is used to heat the passenger compartment.

[0039] Optionally, the water pump includes a first water pump, a second water pump and a third water pump; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core, a warm air core and a blower; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger, a first parallel branch connected in parallel with the cold air core and a second parallel branch connected in parallel with the external heat exchanger; the first port, the second port, the third port of the three-way valve, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the I port of the ten-way valve and the J port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed;

[0040] The evaporation mechanism, the first parallel branch, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the second parallel branch, the D port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the first water pump, and the evaporation mechanism are sequentially connected to form a fourth heat absorption circuit; the fourth heat absorption circuit at least cools the motor and absorbs residual heat from the motor;

[0041] The condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, the A port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence to form a waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment and battery circuit; in the waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment and battery working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state, and the waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment and battery circuit is used to heat the passenger compartment and the battery.

[0042] Optionally, the water pump includes a second water pump; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a heater core; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger and a fan; the I port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, and the J port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; the condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the external heat exchanger, the C port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence to form a motor heat dissipation circuit; in the motor heat dissipation working mode, the fan rotates to discharge the heat of the motor to the outside of the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger; or,

[0043] The water pump includes a third water pump; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger and a fan; the first port of the three-way valve, the second port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the external heat exchanger, the C port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the E port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence to form a motor battery heat dissipation circuit; in the motor and battery heat dissipation working mode, the fan rotates to discharge the heat of the motor and the heat of the battery to the outside of the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger; or,

[0044] The water pump includes a third water pump; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger and a second parallel branch connected in parallel with the external heat exchanger; the first port of the three-way valve, the second port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the E port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the second parallel branch, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the E port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence to form a motor heating battery circuit; in the motor heating battery working mode, the motor heating battery circuit heats the battery by the waste heat of the motor.

[0045] Optionally, the coolant circuit further includes: an expansion kettle connected in parallel with the ten-way valve.

[0046] Optionally, the refrigerant circuit further includes: a hot gas bypass valve connected in parallel with the compression mechanism.

[0047] The thermal management system of the electric vehicle of the present invention is a fully indirect thermal management system, which only uses one expansion valve, has a simple refrigerant circuit, and does not need to be reversed. The coolant circuit uses a ten-way valve to switch the working mode, realizing the heat distribution on the coolant side. Through the coordinated use of the three-way valve, the water pump and the ten-way valve, the coolants of different temperatures can be mixed by adjusting the flow of cold and hot coolants, so as to reach the temperature required by the battery, perform battery thermal management, reduce the use of heat exchangers, and reduce costs. The method of using the condensing mechanism to heat exchange the refrigerant and the coolant can greatly reduce the refrigerant pipeline and components, reduce the refrigerant filling amount, and this system can be adapted to a variety of refrigerants (high-pressure refrigerants, combustible refrigerants), which is convenient for the later system upgrade and refrigerant replacement, and is more practical. This system can realize both heating and dehumidification and cooling and dehumidification, and can be assisted by PTC (ceramic heater). Through the design of the ten-way valve and the system circuit, this system only needs three water pumps to realize all the functional requirements of the whole vehicle of the fully indirect heat pump system, and the total number of parts is greatly reduced, saving system costs. The motor of this system can generate self-heat, and on this basis, the waste heat can be recovered and utilized, and heat pump heating can be performed at ultra-low temperatures.

[0048] A second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a thermal management system of an electric vehicle, which is applied to any of the thermal management systems of the electric vehicle described above, and the method comprises:

[0049] Receive control instructions; the control instructions include: passenger compartment cooling work instructions, battery cooling work instructions, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous cooling work instructions, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification work instructions, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification and battery cooling work instructions, passenger compartment heating work instructions, battery heating work instructions, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous heating work instructions, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification work instructions, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating work instructions, waste heat recovery passenger compartment heating work instructions, waste heat recovery passenger compartment and battery heating work instructions, motor heat dissipation work instructions, motor and battery heat dissipation work instructions, and motor heating battery work instructions;

[0050] Control the thermal management system of the electric vehicle to switch to the working mode corresponding to the working instruction; the working modes include: passenger compartment cooling working mode, battery cooling working mode, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous cooling working mode, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification working mode, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification and battery cooling working mode, passenger compartment heating working mode, battery heating working mode, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous heating working mode, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification working mode, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating working mode, waste heat recovery passenger compartment heating working mode, waste heat recovery passenger compartment and battery working mode, motor heat dissipation working mode, motor and battery heat dissipation working mode, and / or motor heating battery working mode.

[0051] The above-mentioned thermal management system of the electric vehicle and the control method of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle have the same or similar beneficial effects, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system for an electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0054] Figures 2 to 14 A schematic diagram showing various working modes of a thermal management system of an electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0055] Description of the accompanying drawings:

[0056] 1- compression mechanism, 2- condensing mechanism, 3- liquid storage mechanism, 4- expansion valve, 5- evaporation mechanism, 6- first water pump, 7- third water pump, 8- second water pump, 9- warm air core, 10- cold air core, 11- external heat exchanger, 12- battery, 13- motor, 14- blower, 15- fan, 16- ten-way valve, 17- expansion kettle, 18- three-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] The present invention provides a thermal management system for an electric vehicle, wherein the electric vehicle refers to a vehicle that can provide kinetic energy through a battery. Figure 1 The thermal management system of the electric vehicle may include: a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit.

[0059] Reference Figures 2 to 14 As shown in the circuit marked by the purple line, the refrigerant circuit may include: a first pipeline and a compression mechanism 1, a condensing mechanism 2, a liquid storage mechanism 3, an expansion valve 4, and an evaporation mechanism 5 connected in sequence by the first pipeline. The first pipeline here is a pipeline that connects the compression mechanism 1, the condensing mechanism 2, the liquid storage mechanism 3, the expansion valve 4, the evaporation mechanism 5 and the compression mechanism 1 in sequence to form a refrigeration circuit. Refrigerant flows in the first pipeline, and the type of the refrigerant is not specifically limited. For example, the refrigerant may be a high-pressure refrigerant, a flammable refrigerant, etc. The compression mechanism 1 may be an electric compressor, etc., the condensing mechanism 2 and the evaporation mechanism 5 may both be plate heat exchangers, etc., and the liquid storage mechanism 3 may be a liquid storage tank, etc.

[0060] Figure 1 In the embodiment, all the remaining structures except the refrigerant circuit constitute the coolant circuit. The coolant circuit includes: a second pipe and a water pump connected to the second pipe, a ten-way valve 16, a passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism, a motor 13, and a battery 12. The second pipe here refers to the pipe that connects the various components in all the remaining structures except the refrigerant circuit. Coolant flows in the second pipe, and there is no specific limitation on the type of coolant. For example, the coolant can be water. The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism can heat, cool, and dehumidify the passenger compartment. The water pump can be an electronic water pump, etc. The water pump can be turned on and off and the flow rate can be adjusted according to demand, so as to achieve the purpose of driving the coolant to flow and adjusting the temperature of the coolant in the pipe.

[0061] The refrigerant circuit and the coolant circuit are connected via the condensing mechanism 2 and the evaporating mechanism 5. The compression mechanism 1 is used to compress the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor into the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor. The condensing mechanism 2 condenses the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant and turns it into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid storage mechanism 3 is used to store excess liquid refrigerant. The expansion valve 4 is used to throttle the refrigerant and throttle the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. The evaporating mechanism 5 evaporates the two-phase refrigerant into a gaseous refrigerant and cools the coolant at the same time. That is, the condensing mechanism 2 can prepare heat, provide heat to the coolant, and heat the coolant. The evaporating mechanism 5 can prepare cold, provide cold to the coolant, and cool the coolant.

[0062] Through the cooperation of the aforementioned water pumps 6, 7, 8 and the ten-way valve 16, the heated or cooled coolant is delivered to at least one of the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism, the motor 13, and the battery 12, that is, the cold and heat are delivered to the required position, that is, the present application adopts a pump heating method. Compared with electric heating, the thermal management efficiency of pump heating is high, the battery energy consumption is saved, and the attenuation effect on the cruising range is small, which can improve the cruising range of electric vehicles. Moreover, the thermal management system is a full secondary circuit system, namely, a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit. Among them, the refrigerant circuit only uses one expansion valve 4 without reversing, that is, the refrigerant circuit is only a single circuit, and heat exchange with the coolant can be achieved only through the two heat exchangers of the evaporation mechanism 5 and the condensation mechanism 2. The refrigerant circuit has a simple structure, greatly reduces the components of the refrigerant circuit, greatly reduces the amount of refrigerant used or greatly reduces the amount of refrigerant charged, so that the thermal management system can be applied to a variety of refrigerants (such as high-pressure refrigerants, flammable refrigerants, etc.), which is convenient for the subsequent upgrade of the thermal management system and the replacement of the refrigerant, and is more practical. Furthermore, the ten-way valve 16 simplifies the coolant circuit, reduces the number of components, and reduces costs.

[0063] In the present application, the evaporation mechanism also serves as a cabin condenser in the heating mode, which reduces the number of components and simplifies the complexity of the system and the complexity of the air conditioning box.

[0064] Optionally, the refrigerant circuit also includes: a hot gas bypass valve (not shown in the figure) connected in parallel with the compression mechanism. The hot gas bypass function can be achieved by adding a bypass valve to the refrigerant circuit, and the heating function can be performed at ultra-low temperatures.

[0065] Optional, see Figures 2 to 14 The coolant circuit also includes: a three-way valve 18, and the ten-way valve 16 may include: A port, B port, C port, D port, E port, F port, G port, H port, I port, and J port, a total of ten ports. The first port of the three-way valve 18 refers to Figures 1 to 14 The middle three-way valve 18 is located at the port on the left, and the second port of the three-way valve 18 refers to Figures 1 to 14 The three-way valve 18 is located at the port on the right side. The third port of the three-way valve 18 refers to Figures 1 to 14The three-way valve 18 is located at the port on the lower side. The first port of the three-way valve 18 is connected to the B port of the ten-way valve 16. The thermal management system of the electric vehicle is freely switched between the following fifteen working modes based on the three-way valve 18 and the ten-way valve 16, and the working modes include: passenger compartment cooling working mode, battery cooling working mode, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous cooling working mode, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification working mode, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification and battery cooling working mode, passenger compartment heating working mode, battery heating working mode, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous heating working mode, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification working mode, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating working mode, waste heat recovery passenger compartment heating working mode, waste heat recovery passenger compartment and battery, motor heat dissipation working mode, motor and battery heat dissipation working mode, motor heating battery working mode. In the present application, by using the three-way valve 18, the water pump and the ten-way valve 16 in coordination, the coolants of different temperatures can be mixed by adjusting the flow rates of hot and cold coolants, thereby achieving the required coolant temperature and performing thermal management, thereby reducing components and lowering costs. The above fifteen working modes for electric vehicles are relatively comprehensive, and can achieve both heating and dehumidification as well as cooling and dehumidification, basically covering the heat exchange needs of electric vehicles, and no PTC assistance is required.

[0066] Optional, see Figures 2 to 4 , and as shown in the serial numbers 1 to 5 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, the water pump includes a first water pump 6 and a second water pump 8, and the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core 10 and a warm air core 9. The coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger 11 and a fan 15. The external heat exchanger 11 is mainly used to dissipate excess heat on the coolant side to the outside of the vehicle or absorb heat on the air side into the coolant when heating is required. The first port of the three-way valve 18, the G port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, the A port of the ten-way valve 16, the H port of the ten-way valve 16, the C port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, and the I port of the ten-way valve are all open, and the remaining ports D and F of the ten-way valve 16 are all closed.

[0067] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown in the circuit marked by the blue line, the evaporation mechanism 5, the cold air core 10, the G port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, and the first port of the three-way valve 18 are connected in sequence, and the A port of the ten-way valve 16, the H port of the ten-way valve 16, the first water pump 6, and the evaporation mechanism 5 are connected in sequence to form a partial path of the first cooling circuit, which is at least used to cool the battery 12 and / or the passenger compartment. The first water pump 6 can adjust the flow rate according to the temperature demand to achieve the purpose of driving the coolant to flow in the first cooling circuit.

[0068] like Figures 2 to 4As shown in the circuit marked with red lines, the condensing mechanism 2, the warm air core 9, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the motor 13, the external heat exchanger 11, the C port of the ten-way valve 16, the J port of the ten-way valve 16, the second water pump 8, and the condensing mechanism 2 are connected in sequence to form a first heat dissipation circuit. The fan 15 rotates to purge the external heat exchanger 11, and the heat of the external heat exchanger 11 is purged to the outside of the electric vehicle. The first heat dissipation circuit is at least used to dissipate the heat absorbed in the first cooling circuit and the heat of the motor 13 from the external heat exchanger 15 to the outside of the electric vehicle. The second water pump 8 can adjust the flow rate according to the temperature demand to achieve the purpose of driving the coolant to flow in the first heat dissipation circuit.

[0069] like Figures 2 to 4 The first cooling circuit at least cools the battery 12 and / or the passenger compartment, and dissipates the heat absorbed from the first cooling circuit and the heat of the motor. Moreover, part of the path of the first cooling circuit realizes path reuse, and the structure is simple.

[0070] Optional, see Figure 2 As shown, the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism also includes: a blower 14, and the aforementioned first cooling circuit includes: a passenger compartment cooling circuit. The second port of the three-way valve 18 refers to the port on the right side of the three-way valve 18, and the third port of the three-way valve 18 refers to the port on the lower side of the three-way valve 18. Figure 2 As shown in the circuit marked with a blue line and in the serial number 1 in the working mode table of the thermal management system described below, in the passenger compartment cooling working mode, the second port of the three-way valve 18 is closed, the third port of the three-way valve 18 is opened and connected to the A port of the ten-way valve 16, and forms a passenger compartment cooling circuit with part of the path of the aforementioned first cooling circuit. The blower 14 rotates, and the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the cooling state. The cooling circuit of the passenger compartment cools the wind generated by the blower 14, and then cools the passenger compartment. The above-mentioned passenger compartment cooling circuit has a simple structure and is easy to cool the passenger compartment.

[0071] In the present application, the air conditioning box composed of the cold air core 10, the warm air core 9, the blower 14, etc. mainly exchanges the cold or heat brought by the coolant circuit with the air, and delivers it to the passenger compartment according to passenger needs, so as to lower or increase the temperature of the passenger compartment.

[0072] Optional, see Figure 2As shown in the circuit marked by the blue line and serial number 4 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, in the passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification working mode, the blower 14 rotates, and the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the intermediate state. The cooling circuit of the passenger compartment first cools the wind generated by the blower 14 and then appropriately heats it, thereby cooling and dehumidifying the passenger compartment. The intermediate state here is different from the cooling state and the heating state. The cooling circuit of the above passenger compartment has a simple structure and is easy to achieve cooling and dehumidification of the passenger compartment.

[0073] Optional, see Figure 3 As shown in the circuit marked by the blue line and the serial number 2 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, the coolant circuit also includes: a third water pump 7, and the first cooling circuit includes: a cooling circuit for the battery. The third port of the three-way valve is its lower port, the first port is its left port, and the second port is its right port. Figure 3 As shown in the circuit marked with a blue line and serial number 2 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, in the battery cooling working mode, the third port of the three-way valve 18 is closed and the second port of the three-way valve 18 is opened, and the second port of the three-way valve 18, the third water pump 7, the battery 12, and the A port of the ten-way valve 16 are connected in sequence, forming the cooling circuit of the battery with the partial path of the aforementioned first cooling circuit. The cooling circuit of the battery cools the battery 12. The third water pump 7 can adjust the flow rate according to the temperature requirements to achieve the purpose of driving the coolant to flow in the cooling circuit of the battery. The cooling circuit of the above-mentioned battery has a simple structure and is easy to implement. It should be noted that during the process of cooling the battery by the cooling circuit of the battery, the above-mentioned blower 14 is turned off.

[0074] Optional, see Figure 4 As shown, the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism further includes: a blower 14, the aforementioned first cooling circuit includes: a cooling circuit for the passenger compartment and the battery. The coolant circuit further includes: a third water pump 7, the first port of the three-way valve 18 refers to the port on the left side of the three-way valve 18, the second port of the three-way valve 18 refers to the port on the right side of the three-way valve 18, and the third port of the three-way valve 18 refers to the port on the lower side of the three-way valve 18, refer to Figure 4As shown in the circuit marked with a blue line and in the serial number 3 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, the second port of the three-way valve 18 and the third port of the three-way valve 18 are both open. The third port of the three-way valve 18 is connected to the A port of the ten-way valve 16, and the second port of the three-way valve 18, the third water pump 7, the battery 12, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, forming a cooling circuit for the passenger compartment and the battery with part of the path of the aforementioned first cooling circuit. In the simultaneous cooling working mode of the passenger compartment and the battery, the blower 14 rotates, and the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the cooling state. The cooling circuit of the passenger compartment and the battery cools the wind generated by the blower 14, and then cools the passenger compartment. At the same time, the cooling circuit of the passenger compartment and the battery cools the battery. The above-mentioned cooling circuit of the passenger compartment and the battery has a simple structure and is easy to achieve cooling of the passenger compartment and the battery.

[0075] Or, refer to Figure 4 As shown in the circuit marked with a blue line and in the serial number 5 in the working mode table of the thermal management system described below, in the passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification and battery cooling working mode, the blower 14 rotates, and the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the intermediate state. The cooling circuit of the passenger compartment and the battery first cools the wind generated by the blower 14 and then appropriately heats it, thereby cooling and dehumidifying the passenger compartment. The cooling circuit of the passenger compartment and the battery also cools the battery 12. This intermediate state is different from the cooling state and the heating state. The cooling circuit of the above-mentioned passenger compartment and the battery has a simple structure, and it is easy to realize cooling and dehumidifying the passenger compartment and cooling the battery.

[0076] It should be noted that, refer to Figures 1 to 14 The coolant circuit also includes: a third parallel branch connected in parallel with the branch where the third water pump 7 and the battery 12 are located, where the three-way valve 18 and the third water pump 7 adjust the proportion of coolant mixed into the battery 12 according to the temperature requirement of the battery and the temperature of the coolant. On the premise of keeping the coolant flow in and out of the ten-way valve 16 equal, if there is residual hot coolant, the remaining coolant flows back to the ten-way valve 16 from the second port of the three-way valve 18 through the third parallel branch.

[0077] Optional, see Figures 5 to 7As shown in the blue line in the middle and the serial numbers 6 to 8 in the working mode table of the lower thermal management system, the water pump includes a first water pump 6 and a second water pump 8. The heat exchange mechanism in the passenger compartment includes: a cold air core 10 and a warm air core 9. The coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger 11, a fan 15, and a first parallel branch connected in parallel with the cold air core 10. The first parallel branch is a branch connected in parallel with the cold air core 10, located on the right side of the cold air core 10 and connected to the F port of the ten-way valve 16. The first port of the three-way valve 18, the F port of the ten-way valve 16, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the C port of the ten-way valve 16, the H port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, the A port of the ten-way valve 16, and the J port of the ten-way valve 16 are all open. The remaining ports of the ten-way valve 16 are all closed. The evaporation mechanism 5, the first parallel branch, the F port of the ten-way valve 16, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the motor 13, the external heat exchanger 11, the C port of the ten-way valve 16, the H port of the ten-way valve 16, the first water pump 6, and the evaporation mechanism 5 are connected in sequence to form a first heat absorption circuit. The first heat absorption circuit cools at least the motor 13 and absorbs waste heat from the motor 13. The motor 13 generates a large amount of heat during operation. Here, the motor 13 is cooled and the heat at the motor 13 is recovered, so that the waste heat is recycled and energy can be saved. The fan 15 rotates and absorbs the heat outside the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger 11. The first heat absorption circuit provides the heat absorbed from the motor and the heat absorbed from the heat outside the electric vehicle to the refrigerant circuit. The first water pump 6 can adjust the flow rate according to the temperature requirement to achieve the purpose of driving the coolant to flow in the first heat absorption circuit.

[0078] Reference Figures 5 to 7 As shown in the red lines and the serial numbers 6 to 8 of the working mode table of the lower thermal management system, the first port of the three-way valve 18 is the port on its left side, the second port is the port on its right side, and the third port is the port on its lower side. The condensing mechanism 2, the warm air core 9, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, and the first port of the three-way valve 18 are connected in sequence, and the A port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve 16, the second water pump 8, and the condensing mechanism 2 are connected in sequence to form a partial path of the first heating circuit, which is at least used to heat the battery 12 and / or the passenger compartment. The second water pump 8 can adjust the flow rate according to the temperature demand to achieve the purpose of driving the coolant to flow in the first heating circuit. In this application, under different working modes, the ten-way valve 16 port switches less frequently, the control of the ten-way valve 16 is simpler, and the reuse of the pipeline is realized.

[0079] Optional, see Figure 5As shown by the red line and serial number 6 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism also includes: a blower 14. The aforementioned first heating circuit includes: a passenger compartment heating circuit. The second port of the three-way valve 18 is closed, and the third port of the three-way valve 18 is opened. The third port of the three-way valve 18 is connected to the A port of the ten-way valve 16, and forms the passenger compartment heating circuit with part of the path of the aforementioned first heating circuit. In the passenger compartment heating working mode, the blower 14 rotates, the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state, and the passenger compartment heating circuit heats the passenger compartment. The passenger compartment heating circuit has a simple structure and is easy to control.

[0080] Optional, see Figure 6 As shown by the red line and serial number 7 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, the first heating circuit includes: a battery heating circuit. The coolant circuit also includes: a third water pump 7. The third port of the three-way valve 18 is closed, and the second port of the three-way valve 18 is opened. The second port of the three-way valve 18, the third water pump 7, the battery 12 and the A port of the ten-way valve 16 are connected in sequence, forming the battery heating circuit with part of the path of the aforementioned first heating circuit. In the battery heating working mode, the battery heating circuit heats the battery 12. The battery heating circuit has a simple structure and is easy to control. It should be noted that in the battery heating working mode, the aforementioned blower 14 can be in a closed state.

[0081] Optionally, the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism further includes: a blower 14, and the coolant circuit further includes: a third water pump 7. Figure 7 As shown in the red line and serial number 8 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, the first heating circuit includes: a passenger compartment and a battery heating circuit. The third port of the three-way valve 18 and the second port of the three-way valve 18 are both open, and the third port of the three-way valve 18 is connected to the A port of the ten-way valve 16. The second port of the three-way valve 18, the third water pump 7, the battery 12 and the A port of the ten-way valve 16 are connected in sequence, and the passenger compartment and the battery heating circuit are formed with the partial path of the aforementioned first heating circuit. In the simultaneous heating working mode of the passenger compartment and the battery, the blower 14 rotates, and the temperature damper of the air conditioner in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state. The passenger compartment and the battery heating circuit heats the battery 12 and the passenger compartment at the same time. The passenger compartment and the battery heating circuit has a simple structure and is easy to control. It should be noted that the third water pump 7 can adjust the flow rate according to the temperature demand to achieve the purpose of driving the coolant to flow in the passenger compartment and the battery heating circuit.

[0082] Optionally, the water pump includes a first water pump 6 and a second water pump 8. The coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger 11 and a fan 15. The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core 10, a warm air core 9 and a blower 14. The first port of the three-way valve 18, the third port of the three-way valve 18, the G port of the ten-way valve 16, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the C port of the ten-way valve 16, the H port of the ten-way valve 16, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, the A port of the ten-way valve 16, and the J port of the ten-way valve 16 are all open, and the remaining ports of the ten-way valve 16 are all closed. Reference Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown by the middle blue line, the evaporation mechanism 5, the cold air core 10, the G port of the ten-way valve 16, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the motor 13, the external heat exchanger 11, the C port of the ten-way valve 16, the H port of the ten-way valve 16, the first water pump 6, and the evaporation mechanism 5 are connected in sequence to form a second heat absorption circuit. The second heat absorption circuit cools at least the motor 13 and absorbs waste heat from the motor 13, thereby realizing the recycling of waste heat from the motor 13 and saving energy. The fan rotates to absorb heat from the outside of the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger 11.

[0083] Reference Figure 8 As shown in the red line in the middle and serial number 9 in the working mode table of the lower thermal management system, the second port of the three-way valve 18 is closed, the third port of the three-way valve 18 is opened, the condensing mechanism 2, the warm air core 9, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, the first port of the three-way valve 18, the third port of the three-way valve 18, the A port of the ten-way valve 16, the J port of the ten-way valve 16, the second water pump 8, and the condensing mechanism 2 are connected in sequence to form a passenger compartment heating and dehumidification circuit. In the passenger compartment heating and dehumidification working mode, the blower 14 rotates, and the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the intermediate state. The passenger compartment heating and dehumidification circuit is used to heat and dehumidify the passenger compartment. The intermediate state here is different from the cooling state and the heating state. The passenger compartment heating and dehumidification circuit has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

[0084] Or, refer to Fig. 9As shown in the red line in the middle and serial number 10 in the working mode table of the lower thermal management system, the coolant circuit also includes: a third water pump 7. The second port and the third port of the three-way valve 18 are both open, and the condensing mechanism 2, the warm air core 9, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, the first port of the three-way valve 18, the third port of the three-way valve 18, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and the first port of the three-way valve 18, the second port of the three-way valve 18, the third water pump 7, the battery 12, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, forming a passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating circuit. In the passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating working mode, the blower 14 rotates, and the temperature damper of the air conditioner in the vehicle is adjusted to the intermediate state. The passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating circuit first cools and then heats the air in the passenger compartment, heats and dehumidifies the passenger compartment and heats the battery. The intermediate state here is different from the cooling state and the heating state. The cabin heating and dehumidification and battery heating circuits are simple in structure and easy to implement. Here, the three-way valve 18 and the third water pump 7 adjust the proportion of hot coolant mixed into the battery 12 according to the temperature requirements of the passenger cabin and the battery, as well as the temperature of the hot coolant. On the premise of keeping the coolant flow rates in and out of the ten-way valve 16 equal, if there is any remaining hot coolant, the remaining hot coolant will flow back to the ten-way valve 16 from the second port of the three-way valve 18.

[0085] Optional, see Fig.10 , the water pump includes a first water pump 6, a second water pump 8 and a third water pump 7. The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core 10, a warm air core 9 and a blower 14. The coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger 11, a first parallel branch connected in parallel with the cold air core 10 and a second parallel branch connected in parallel with the external heat exchanger 11, wherein the first parallel branch is on the right side of the cold air core 10 and connected to the F port of the ten-way valve 16. The second parallel branch is on the left side of the external heat exchanger 11 and connected to the D port of the ten-way valve 16. The first port, the second port, the third port of the three-way valve 18, the F port of the ten-way valve 16, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the D port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, the A port of the ten-way valve 16, the H port of the ten-way valve 16, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, and the J port of the ten-way valve 16 are all opened, and the remaining ports of the ten-way valve 16 are all closed. Fig.10As shown in the middle blue line and serial number 11 in the working mode table of the lower thermal management system, the evaporation mechanism 5, the first parallel branch, the F port of the ten-way valve 16, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the motor 13, the second parallel branch, the D port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, the first port of the three-way valve 18, the third port of the three-way valve 18, and the A port of the ten-way valve 16 are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve 18, the third water pump 7, the battery 12, the A port of the ten-way valve 16, the H port of the ten-way valve 16, the first water pump 6, and the evaporation mechanism 2 are connected in sequence to form a third heat absorption circuit. The third heat absorption circuit cools at least the motor 13 and the battery 12, and absorbs waste heat from the motor 13 and the battery 12, thereby realizing the recycling of waste heat from the motor 13 and the battery 12 and reducing energy consumption. Fig.10 As shown in the red line and the serial number 11 in the table below, the condensing mechanism 2, the heater core 9, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, the J port of the ten-way valve 16, the second water pump 8, and the condensing mechanism 2 are connected in sequence to form a waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment circuit. In the waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment working mode, the blower 14 rotates, and the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state. The waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment circuit is used to heat the passenger compartment, fully recovering the waste heat of the motor 13 and the battery 12, which can save energy. Here, the three-way valve 18 and the third water pump 7 adjust the proportion of the hot coolant mixed into the battery 12 according to the temperature demand of the passenger compartment, the temperature of the waste heat of the motor 13 and the battery, etc., and on the premise of keeping the coolant flow in and out of the ten-way valve 16 equal, if there is residual hot coolant, the residual hot coolant will flow back to the ten-way valve 16 from the second port of the three-way valve 18.

[0086] Optionally, the water pump includes a first water pump 6, a second water pump 8 and a third water pump 7. The cabin heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core 10, a warm air core 9 and a blower 14. The coolant circuit also includes: a first parallel branch connected in parallel with the cold air core 10 and a second parallel branch connected in parallel with the external heat exchanger 11. The first parallel branch and the second parallel branch here can refer to the corresponding records mentioned above, and will not be repeated here to avoid repetition. The first port, the second port, the third port of the three-way valve 18, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the I port of the ten-way valve, and the J port of the ten-way valve are all open. The remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed. Refer to Fig.11As shown in the blue line and serial number 12 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, the evaporation mechanism 5, the first parallel branch, the F port of the ten-way valve 16, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the motor 13, the second parallel branch, the D port of the ten-way valve 16, the H port of the ten-way valve 16, the first water pump 6, and the evaporation mechanism 5 are connected in sequence to form a fourth heat absorption circuit, which at least cools the motor 13 and absorbs waste heat from the motor 13. The first port, the second port, and the third port of the three-way valve 18 are all open. Fig.11 As shown in the red line and the serial number 12 in the working mode table of the lower thermal management system, the condensing mechanism 2, the warm air core 9, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, the first port of the three-way valve 18, the third port of the three-way valve 18, and the A port of the ten-way valve 16 are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve 18, the third water pump 7, the battery 12, the A port of the ten-way valve 16, the J port of the ten-way valve 16, the second water pump 8, and the condensing mechanism 2 are connected in sequence to form a waste heat recovery heating passenger compartment and battery circuit. In the waste heat recovery heating passenger compartment and battery working mode, the blower 14 rotates, and the temperature damper of the air conditioner in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state. The waste heat recovery heating passenger compartment and battery circuit is used to heat the passenger compartment and the battery 12. The waste heat recovery heating passenger compartment and battery circuit uses the waste heat of the motor 13, which can reduce energy loss. Here, the three-way valve 18 and the third water pump 7 adjust the proportion of hot coolant mixed into the battery 12 according to the temperature requirements of the passenger compartment, the battery 12, and the temperature of the waste heat of the motor 13. On the premise of keeping the coolant flow in and out of the ten-way valve 16 equal, if there is residual hot coolant, the residual hot coolant will flow back to the ten-way valve 16 from the second port of the three-way valve 18.

[0087] Optionally, the water pump includes a second water pump 8. The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a heater core 9. The coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger 11 and a fan 15. The I port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, and the J port of the ten-way valve are all open. The remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed. Fig.12 As shown in the red line in the figure and in the serial number 13 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, the condensing mechanism 2, the heater core 9, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the motor 13, the external heat exchanger 11, the C port of the ten-way valve 16, the J port of the ten-way valve 16, the second water pump 8, and the condensing mechanism 2 are connected in sequence to form a motor heat dissipation circuit. In the motor heat dissipation working mode, the fan 15 rotates to discharge the heat of the motor 13 to the outside of the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger 11. The motor heat dissipation circuit reuses the existing condensing mechanism 2, the heater core 9, the I port of the ten-way valve 16, and the J port of the ten-way valve 16, the second water pump 8, and the condensing mechanism 2. In particular, the second water pump 8 is reused, and the implementation method is simple.

[0088] Optionally, the water pump includes a third water pump 7. The coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger 11 and a fan 15. The second port and the third port of the three-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are all opened, and the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed. Fig.13 As shown in the blue line in the figure and serial number 14 in the working mode table of the thermal management system below, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the motor 13, the external heat exchanger 11, the C port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, the first port of the three-way valve 18, the third port of the three-way valve 18, and the A port of the ten-way valve 16 are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve 18, the third water pump 7, the battery 12, the A port of the ten-way valve 16, and the E port of the ten-way valve 16 are connected in sequence to form a motor battery heat dissipation circuit. In the motor and battery heat dissipation working mode, the fan 15 rotates to discharge the heat of the motor and the heat of the battery to the outside of the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger. The motor battery heat dissipation circuit reuses the existing third water pump 7, and the implementation method is simple.

[0089] Optionally, the water pump includes a third water pump 7. The coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger 11 and a second parallel branch connected in parallel with the external heat exchanger 11. The second parallel branch can refer to the above description, and will not be repeated here to avoid repetition. The second port and the third port of the three-way valve 18, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the E port of the ten-way valve are all open, and the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed. Fig.14 As shown in the red and blue lines and the serial number 15 of the working mode table of the thermal management system below, the E port of the ten-way valve 16, the motor 13, the second parallel branch, the D port of the ten-way valve 16, the B port of the ten-way valve 16, the first port of the three-way valve 18, the third port of the three-way valve 18, and the A port of the ten-way valve 16 are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve 18, the third water pump 7, the battery 12, the A port of the ten-way valve 16, and the E port of the ten-way valve 16 are connected in sequence to form a motor heating battery circuit. In the motor heating battery working mode, the motor heats the battery circuit, and the battery 12 is heated by the waste heat of the motor 13, realizing the recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the motor, and the circuit is simple and easy to implement. Here, the three-way valve 18 and the third water pump 7 adjust the proportion of hot coolant mixed into the battery 12 according to the temperature requirement of the battery and the temperature of the waste heat of the motor 13. On the premise of keeping the coolant flow in and out of the ten-way valve 16 equal, if there is residual hot coolant, the residual hot coolant will flow back to the ten-way valve 16 from the second port of the three-way valve 18.

[0090] Optionally, the coolant circuit also includes: an expansion kettle 17 connected in parallel with a ten-way valve. The expansion kettle 17 can balance the pressure fluctuation of the coolant. In the thermal management system, the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of the coolant will cause the volume of the coolant in the system to change, thereby affecting the system pressure. The expansion kettle 17 helps to reduce the pressure fluctuation of the coolant caused by the expansion of the coolant by accommodating the expansion of the system coolant, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the system operation. The expansion kettle 17 can also play a role in constant pressure and replenishing coolant. In the thermal management system, the expansion kettle 17 not only plays a role in constant pressure, but also replenishes the system with coolant when the system leaks coolant or cools down, so as to maintain the normal operation of the system. The expansion kettle 17 can play a role in gas-liquid separation and replenishment of coolant. In the thermal management system of an electric vehicle, the expansion kettle 17 can store coolant vapor from pipes such as radiators through its design, and reflux after cooling, thereby balancing the system pressure. At the same time, the gas-liquid separation effect of the expansion kettle 17 can reduce the occurrence of cavitation, while the coolant replenishment effect prevents the impact of steam bubble rupture on the surface of the machine parts and protects the mechanical components. The expansion kettle 17 can relieve pressure, and the lid of the expansion kettle has a pressure relief function. When the system pressure exceeds the specified value, such as boiling, the pressure relief valve will open to relieve the system pressure in time to avoid serious consequences. In summary, the expansion kettle plays an indispensable role in the thermal management system through its unique design and function, ensuring the stable operation and safe use of the system.

[0091] Thermal management system operating mode table

[0092]

[0093] The present application also provides a control method for a thermal management system of any of the aforementioned electric vehicles, the method comprising: receiving a control instruction; the control instruction comprising: a passenger compartment cooling working instruction, a battery cooling working instruction, a passenger compartment and battery simultaneous cooling working instruction, a passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification working instruction, a passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification and battery cooling working instruction, a passenger compartment heating working instruction, a battery heating working instruction, a passenger compartment and battery simultaneous heating working instruction, a passenger compartment heating and dehumidification working instruction, a passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating working instruction, a waste heat recovery passenger compartment heating working instruction, a waste heat recovery passenger compartment and battery working instruction, a motor heat dissipation working instruction, a motor and battery heat dissipation working instruction, and a motor heating motor battery working instruction; controlling the thermal management system of the electric vehicle to switch to the working mode corresponding to the working instruction; the working modes include: passenger compartment cooling working mode, battery cooling working mode, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous cooling working mode, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification working mode, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification and battery cooling working mode, passenger compartment heating working mode, battery heating working mode, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous heating working mode, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification working mode, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating working mode, waste heat recovery passenger compartment heating working mode, waste heat recovery passenger compartment and battery working mode, motor heat dissipation working mode, motor and battery heat dissipation working mode, motor heating battery working mode.

[0094] The control method of the thermal management system of the electric vehicle has the same or similar beneficial effects as any of the thermal management systems of the aforementioned electric vehicles, and the relevant parts of the two can be referenced to each other, which will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0095] It should be noted that, for the method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the embodiments of the present application are not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the embodiments of the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of the present application.

[0096] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0097] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0098] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that: include: Refrigerant circuit and coolant circuit; The refrigerant circuit comprises: a first pipeline and a compression mechanism, a condensation mechanism, a liquid storage mechanism, an expansion valve, and an evaporation mechanism which are sequentially connected by the first pipeline; refrigerant flows in the first pipeline; The coolant circuit includes: a second pipeline and a water pump connected to the second pipeline, a ten-way valve, a passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism, a motor and a battery; the second pipeline has coolant flowing in it; The refrigerant circuit and the coolant circuit are connected via the condensing mechanism and the evaporating mechanism; Through the cooperation of the water pump and the ten-way valve, the coolant is delivered to at least one of the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism, the motor and the battery.

2. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant circuit further includes: a three-way valve; the ten-way valve includes: an A port, a B port, a C port, a D port, an E port, a F port, a G port, an H port, an I port, and a J port distributed in sequence; the first port of the three-way valve is connected to the B port of the ten-way valve; The thermal management system of the electric vehicle switches between different working modes based on the three-way valve and the ten-way valve.

3. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pump includes a first water pump and a second water pump; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core and a warm air core; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger and a fan; the first port of the three-way valve, the G port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, and the I port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; The evaporation mechanism, the cold air core, the G port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, and the first port of the three-way valve are connected in sequence, and the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the first water pump, and the evaporation mechanism are connected in sequence to form a partial path of the first cooling circuit; the first cooling circuit is at least used to cool the battery and / or the passenger compartment; The condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the external heat exchanger, the C port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence to form a first heat dissipation circuit; the fan rotates to purge the external heat exchanger, and the first heat dissipation circuit is at least used to dissipate the heat absorbed from the first cooling circuit and the motor from the external heat exchanger.

4. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism further includes: a blower; the first cooling circuit includes: a passenger compartment cooling circuit; the second port of the three-way valve is closed, the third port of the three-way valve is opened and connected to the A port of the ten-way valve, and forms the passenger compartment cooling circuit with a part of the path of the first cooling circuit; In the passenger compartment cooling mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioner in the vehicle is adjusted to the cooling state, and the passenger compartment cooling circuit cools the passenger compartment; or, In the passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to an intermediate state, and the passenger compartment cooling circuit cools and dehumidifies the passenger compartment; the intermediate state is different from the cooling state and the heating state.

5. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coolant circuit also includes: a third water pump; the first cooling circuit includes: a cooling circuit for a battery; in a battery cooling working mode, the third port of the three-way valve is closed and the second port of the three-way valve is opened; the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, forming a cooling circuit for the battery with a partial path of the first cooling circuit; the cooling circuit for the battery cools the battery.

6. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism further includes: a blower; the first cooling circuit includes: a cooling circuit for the passenger compartment and the battery; the coolant circuit further includes: a third water pump; The third port of the three-way valve and the second port of the three-way valve are both open, the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the A port of the ten-way valve, and the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, forming a cooling circuit for the passenger compartment and the battery with a partial path of the first cooling circuit; In the passenger compartment and battery cooling working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioner in the vehicle is adjusted to the cooling state, and the passenger compartment and battery cooling circuit cools both the battery and the passenger compartment; or, In the passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification and battery cooling operating mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to an intermediate state, and the passenger compartment cooling circuit cools and dehumidifies the passenger compartment and also cools the battery; the intermediate state is different from the cooling state and the heating state.

7. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pump includes: a first water pump and a second water pump; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core and a warm air core; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger, a fan and a first parallel branch connected in parallel with the cold air core; the first port of the three-way valve, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the I port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the J port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; The evaporation mechanism, the first parallel branch, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the external heat exchanger, the C port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the first water pump, and the evaporation mechanism are sequentially connected to form a first heat absorption circuit; the first heat absorption circuit is used to cool at least the motor and absorb waste heat from the motor; the fan rotates to absorb heat outside the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger; The condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, and the first port of the three-way valve are connected in sequence, and the A port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence to form a partial path of the first heating circuit; the first heating circuit is at least used to heat the battery and / or the passenger compartment.

8. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first heating circuit includes: one of a passenger compartment heating circuit, a battery heating circuit, and a passenger compartment and battery heating circuit; The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism further includes: a blower; the second port of the three-way valve is closed, the third port of the three-way valve is opened, the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the A port of the ten-way valve, and forms the passenger compartment heating circuit with a part of the path of the first heating circuit; in the passenger compartment heating working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioner in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state, and the passenger compartment heating circuit heats the passenger compartment; or, The coolant circuit further includes: a third water pump; the third port of the three-way valve is closed, the second port of the three-way valve is opened, the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump 7, the battery and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and form the battery heating circuit with a part of the path of the first heating circuit; in the battery heating working mode, the battery heating circuit heats the battery; or, The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism also includes: a blower; the coolant circuit also includes: a third water pump; the second port of the three-way valve and the third port of the three-way valve are both open, the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the A port of the ten-way valve, the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and form the passenger compartment and battery heating circuit with part of the path of the first heating circuit; in the passenger compartment and battery simultaneous heating working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state, and the passenger compartment and battery heating circuit heats both the passenger compartment and the battery.

9. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pump includes a first water pump and a second water pump; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger and a fan; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core, a warm air core and a blower; the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, the G port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the I port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the J port of the ten-way valve are all opened, and the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; the evaporation mechanism, the cold air core, the G port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the external heat exchanger, the C port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the first water pump, and the evaporation mechanism are sequentially connected to form a second heat absorption circuit; the second heat absorption circuit at least cools the motor and absorbs waste heat from the motor; the fan rotates to absorb heat outside the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger; The condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence; The second port of the three-way valve is closed to form a cabin heating and dehumidification circuit; in the passenger compartment heating and dehumidification working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to an intermediate state, and the cabin heating and dehumidification circuit is used to heat and dehumidify the passenger compartment; the intermediate state is different from the cooling state and the heating state; or, The coolant circuit also includes: a third water pump; the second port of the three-way valve is opened, and the first port of the three-way valve, the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence to form a passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating circuit; in the passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating working mode, the blower rotates, and the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to an intermediate state, and the passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating circuit is used to heat and dehumidify the passenger compartment and heat the battery; the intermediate state is different from the cooling state and the heating state.

10. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pump includes a first water pump, a second water pump and a third water pump; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core, a warm air core and a blower; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger, a first parallel branch connected in parallel with the cold air core and a second parallel branch connected in parallel with the external heat exchanger; the first port, the second port, the third port of the three-way valve, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the I port of the ten-way valve and the J port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; The evaporation mechanism, the first parallel branch, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the second parallel branch, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the first water pump, and the evaporation mechanism are connected in sequence to form a third heat absorption circuit; the third heat absorption circuit cools at least the motor and the battery, and absorbs waste heat from the motor and the battery; The condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence to form a waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment circuit; in the waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state, and the waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment circuit is used to heat the passenger compartment.

11. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pump includes a first water pump, a second water pump and a third water pump; the passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a cold air core, a warm air core and a blower; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger, a first parallel branch connected in parallel with the cold air core and a second parallel branch connected in parallel with the external heat exchanger; the first port, the second port, the third port of the three-way valve, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the I port of the ten-way valve and the J port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; The evaporation mechanism, the first parallel branch, the F port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the second parallel branch, the D port of the ten-way valve, the H port of the ten-way valve, the first water pump, and the evaporation mechanism are sequentially connected to form a fourth heat absorption circuit; the fourth heat absorption circuit at least cools the motor and absorbs residual heat from the motor; The condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, the A port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence to form a waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment and battery circuit; in the waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment and battery working mode, the blower rotates, the temperature damper of the air-conditioning box in the vehicle is adjusted to the heating state, and the waste heat recovery and heating passenger compartment and battery circuit is used to heat the passenger compartment and the battery.

12. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pump includes a second water pump; The passenger compartment heat exchange mechanism includes: a heater core; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger and a fan; the I port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, and the J port of the ten-way valve are all open; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; the condensing mechanism, the heater core, the I port of the ten-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the external heat exchanger, the C port of the ten-way valve, the J port of the ten-way valve, the second water pump, and the condensing mechanism are connected in sequence to form a motor heat dissipation circuit; in the motor heat dissipation working mode, the fan rotates to discharge the heat of the motor to the outside of the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger; or, The water pump includes a third water pump; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger and a fan; the first port of the three-way valve, the second port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, the E port of the ten-way valve, the C port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the external heat exchanger, the C port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the E port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence to form a motor battery heat dissipation circuit; in the motor and battery heat dissipation working mode, the fan rotates to discharge the heat of the motor and the heat of the battery to the outside of the electric vehicle through the external heat exchanger; or, The water pump includes a third water pump; the coolant circuit also includes: an external heat exchanger and a second parallel branch connected in parallel with the external heat exchanger; the first port of the three-way valve, the second port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the E port of the ten-way valve are all opened; the remaining ports of the ten-way valve are all closed; the E port of the ten-way valve, the motor, the second parallel branch, the D port of the ten-way valve, the B port of the ten-way valve, the first port of the three-way valve, the third port of the three-way valve, and the A port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence, and the second port of the three-way valve, the third water pump, the battery, the A port of the ten-way valve, and the E port of the ten-way valve are connected in sequence to form a motor heating battery circuit; in the motor heating battery working mode, the motor heating battery circuit heats the battery by the waste heat of the motor.

13. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The coolant circuit further includes: an expansion kettle connected in parallel with the ten-way valve.

14. The thermal management system of an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The refrigerant circuit further includes a hot gas bypass valve connected in parallel with the compression mechanism.

15. A control method for a thermal management system of an electric vehicle, characterized in that: Applied to the thermal management system of an electric vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, the method comprises: Receive control instructions; the control instructions include: passenger compartment cooling work instructions, battery cooling work instructions, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous cooling work instructions, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification work instructions, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification and battery cooling work instructions, passenger compartment heating work instructions, battery heating work instructions, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous heating work instructions, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification work instructions, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating work instructions, waste heat recovery passenger compartment heating work instructions, waste heat recovery passenger compartment and battery heating work instructions, motor heat dissipation work instructions, motor and battery heat dissipation work instructions, and motor heating battery work instructions; Control the thermal management system of the electric vehicle to switch to the working mode corresponding to the working instruction; the working modes include: passenger compartment cooling working mode, battery cooling working mode, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous cooling working mode, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification working mode, passenger compartment cooling and dehumidification and battery cooling working mode, passenger compartment heating working mode, battery heating working mode, passenger compartment and battery simultaneous heating working mode, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification working mode, passenger compartment heating and dehumidification and battery heating working mode, waste heat recovery passenger compartment heating working mode, waste heat recovery passenger compartment and battery working mode, motor heat dissipation working mode, motor and battery heat dissipation working mode, and / or motor heating battery working mode.

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