Device suitable for measuring temperature and salinity of estuary water body and use method of device

Abstract

The invention discloses a device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of an estuary water body, which comprises a support rod, a retractable component, a bearing buoy, a water depth measuring unit, a surface layer temperature and salinity measuring unit and a water body middle and lower layer temperature and salinity measuring unit, and is characterized in that a water depth measuring cabin and a temperature and salinity measuring cabin which penetrate through the bottom surface of the bearing buoy are arranged in the bearing buoy; a temperature and salinity measuring channel penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the bearing buoy is arranged between the water depth measuring cabin and the temperature and salinity measuring cabin, the water depth measuring unit is arranged in the water depth measuring cabin, the surface layer temperature and salinity measuring unit is arranged in the temperature and salinity measuring cabin, and the water body middle and lower layer temperature and salinity measuring unit is hung below the bearing buoy. The invention further discloses a using method of the device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of the estuary water body. According to the method, temperature and salinity data of different depths of a water body are measured by combining real-time water depth observation data according to an observation target, a tide model of an estuary to-be-measured station and coastal zone structural characteristics, and the scientific feasibility and accuracy of measurement are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water quality measurement, and in particular to a device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuary water bodies and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] Salinity is one of the most important characteristic indicators of liquid media. There are many types of instruments for measuring the salinity of water bodies, including professional seawater salinometers (temperature, salt and depth meters) and salinometers for brackish and freshwater aquaculture. Water temperature is one of the most important factors affecting the physiological activities of aquatic plants and animals, and is a routine measurement element in scientific research, industrial and agricultural production, environmental monitoring and other fields. The estuarine waters are the confluence of rivers and oceans. This area is also a place for wild aquatic plants and animals to feed, grow and reproduce. It has important ecological, economic and social value. At the same time, this area has special hydrological conditions and water quality change characteristics. The water level difference caused by tidal movement is large, and the temperature and salinity change dramatically. Whether it is a coastal zone that has been renovated or a natural wasteland, there is a lack of accessible opening and closing ramps.

[0003] At present, conventional field monitoring equipment for temperature and salinity is mostly handheld thermometers or handheld salinometers, which can only measure the surface temperature and salinity of water bodies, and the measurable range is also severely restricted by the accessibility of the coastal zone or riparian zone. The slope and bottom of the coastal zone will also cause potential pollution or damage to the observation, which not only makes it more difficult to measure the temperature and salinity of estuarine waters, but also leads to large errors in the measurement results. Although the temperature, salinity and depth meter used in ocean profile observations can also observe the changes in temperature and salinity at different water depths, it is expensive and needs to be used in conjunction with professional ships, etc., which makes measurement inconvenient. Therefore, in the in-situ measurement activities in estuarine waters, convenient and easy-to-use equipment is urgently needed to improve the convenience and accuracy of the measurement at the monitoring point and reduce the difficulty of measurement. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method and related equipment suitable for observing the temperature and salinity of water bodies in estuarine coastal waters. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water bodies and a method of using the device, which can combine the convenient observation and real-time measurement of the temperature and salinity of water bodies at different water depths, improve the scientific feasibility and accuracy of the measurement of estuarine water bodies, and solve the problem of difficulty and low accuracy in measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water bodies raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water bodies, comprising a support rod, a retractable component, a load-bearing buoy, a water depth measurement unit, a surface temperature-salinity measurement unit and a water body middle and lower temperature-salinity measurement unit, the load-bearing buoy is suspended under the support rod in a lifting manner, a water depth measurement chamber and a temperature-salinity measurement chamber penetrating the bottom surface of the load-bearing buoy are relatively arranged inside the load-bearing buoy, a temperature-salinity measurement channel penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the load-bearing buoy is arranged between the water depth measurement chamber and the temperature-salinity measurement chamber, the water depth measurement unit is arranged in the water depth measurement chamber, the surface temperature-salinity measurement unit is arranged in the temperature-salinity measurement chamber, and the water body middle and lower temperature-salinity measurement unit is suspended below the load-bearing buoy.

[0007] Preferably, the water depth measuring unit includes an ultrasonic processor, an ultrasonic transducer and a water depth signal transmitter, one end of the ultrasonic processor is connected to the ultrasonic transducer, and the other end is connected to the water depth signal transmitter installed on the top of the carrying buoy, and the ultrasonic processor and ultrasonic transducer are suspended in the water depth measuring cabin.

[0008] Preferably, the surface temperature and salinity measurement unit includes a first temperature and salinity probe, a first temperature sensor, a first salinity sensor and a temperature and salinity signal transmitter, the first temperature and salinity probe is suspended at the lower part of the temperature and salinity measurement cabin, the first temperature sensor and the first salinity sensor are accommodated in the first temperature and salinity probe, and the temperature and salinity signal transmitter is installed at the upper part of the temperature and salinity measurement cabin and connected to the first temperature and salinity probe.

[0009] Preferably, it includes wireless terminals for receiving wireless signals transmitted by the water depth signal transmitter and the temperature-salinity signal transmitter respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the lower layer temperature-salinity measurement unit of the water body includes a second temperature-salinity probe, a second temperature sensor and a second salinity sensor; the second temperature-salinity probe is suspended below the temperature-salinity measurement channel; the second temperature sensor and the second salinity sensor are accommodated in the second temperature-salinity probe.

[0011] Preferably, the lower layer temperature-salinity measurement unit of the water body includes a wired terminal and a third data wire, one end of the third data wire is connected to the wired terminal, and the other end passes downward through the temperature-salinity measurement channel to be connected to the second temperature-salinity probe.

[0012] Preferably, it comprises a clamping ring fixedly arranged on the upper part of the temperature-salinity measurement channel and a buckle matched with the clamping ring, the clamping ring has a wire through hole for the third data wire to pass through, and the buckle is used to fasten the part of the third data wire passing through the wire through hole.

[0013] Preferably, the wired terminal includes a terminal body, a display panel, a button panel, a connecting part and a connecting head. A data processing and storage module is arranged in the terminal body. The display panel and the button panel are embedded in the wall of the terminal body. One end of the connecting part is connected to the terminal body, and the other end is connected to the connecting head. The connecting head is connected to one end of the third data wire relative to one end of the connecting part.

[0014] Preferably, the retractable and releasing component includes a wire ring, a wire controller and a traction line. The wire ring is provided in plurality and is distributed on the support rod at intervals along the length direction of the support rod. The wire controller is provided on the support rod. One end of the traction line is wound around the wire controller, and the other end passes through the plurality of wire rings in sequence and is connected to a load-bearing buoy located below the support rod.

[0015] In addition, the present invention provides a method for using a device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water bodies, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: lower the carrying buoy to a preset position on the water surface through the retracting and releasing component, lower the second temperature-salinity probe through the temperature-salinity measurement channel to the middle and lower water body below the bottom of the carrying buoy through the third data wire, and adjust the depth of the second temperature-salinity probe to the middle and lower water body through the wired terminal;

[0017] Step 2: The ultrasonic transducer emits ultrasonic waves to detect the water depth position. The wireless terminal receives and converts the water depth data sent by the water depth signal transmitter through wireless transmission. According to the observation target, the tidal model of the estuary station to be measured and the coastal zone structure characteristics, the observation method of water temperature and salinity is determined and the observation process is set in combination with the real-time water depth observation data;

[0018] Step 3: Receive and convert the middle and lower layer temperature and salinity data of the water body sent by the second temperature sensor and the second salinity sensor through the wired terminal, and receive and convert the surface temperature and salinity data of the water body sent by the temperature and salinity signal transmitter through wireless transmission.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. When carrying out observation activities through this device, the observation time and frequency of the observation site to be observed are planned according to the observation target, the tidal model of the estuary site to be measured and the structural characteristics of the coastal zone. The number of observation repetitions and the design of the observation water layer are determined by combining the use of the device of the present invention. In combination with the real-time water depth observation data measured by the water depth measurement unit, the temperature and salinity data of different depths of the water body are measured by the surface temperature and salinity measurement unit and the middle and lower layer temperature and salinity measurement unit of the water body, thereby improving the scientific feasibility and accuracy of the measurement;

[0021] 2. The ultrasonic transducer can emit ultrasonic waves to detect the water depth position, and the wireless transmission of water depth data is realized through the wireless signal transmitting module and the wireless signal receiving module, which solves the problems of inaccuracy and inconvenience in carrying of traditional water depth detection. The wireless signal receiving module has a WiFi transmission function, and transmits and receives real-time water depth data in the form of wireless WiFi;

[0022] 3. The wired terminal includes a terminal body, a display panel, a button panel, a connecting part and a connecting head. A data processing and storage module is arranged in the terminal body. The wired terminal has parameter display setting, measurement calibration and data recording functions. The display panel simultaneously displays real-time temperature data and salinity data, and the function setting can be performed by pressing a button.

[0023] 4. The outer surface of the third data conductor is made of a polyurethane material with strong tensile resistance, the length is marked with a color scale, and the surface has an anti-slip function; the controller has the function of controlling and retracting the traction line, the traction line has a certain tensile strength and is not easy to break, and the line controller has a locking function for locking the traction line passing through the line controller. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a tidal model in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of a diurnal tidal pattern, and Figure (b) is a schematic diagram of a semi-diurnal tidal pattern;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuary water bodies according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a wired terminal of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a water depth measurement unit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surface temperature and salinity measurement unit of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water body middle and lower layer temperature and salinity measurement unit of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support rod, the retractable component and the load-bearing buoy of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wireless terminal of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. retractable component; 2. load-bearing buoy; 3. water depth measurement cabin; 4. temperature-salinity measurement channel; 5. temperature-salinity measurement cabin; 6. wireless terminal; 7. temperature-salinity measurement unit in the middle and lower layers of the water body; 8. wired terminal; 9. display panel; 10. key panel; 11. terminal body; 12. connecting part; 13. connector; 14. first data wire; 15. water depth signal transmitter; 16. ultrasonic processor; 17. ultrasonic transducer; 18. temperature-salinity signal transmitter; 19. first temperature sensor; 20. first temperature-salinity probe; 21. first salinity sensor; 22. clamp; 23. buckle; 24. line controller; 25. wire ring; 26. traction line; 27. support rod; 28. second data wire; 29. ​​second temperature-salinity probe; 30. second temperature sensor; 31. second salinity sensor; 32. third data wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 2-8 , a device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water bodies, comprising a support rod 27, a retractable component 1, a carrying buoy 2, a water depth measurement unit, a surface temperature and salinity measurement unit, and a water body middle and lower temperature and salinity measurement unit 7. The support rod 27 is a retractable carbon tube, the carrying buoy 2 is suspended under the support rod 27 in a lifting manner, and the carrying buoy 2 is relatively provided with a water depth measurement chamber 3 and a temperature and salinity measurement chamber 5 penetrating the bottom surface thereof, and a temperature and salinity measurement channel 4 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the carrying buoy 2 is provided between the water depth measurement chamber 3 and the temperature and salinity measurement chamber 5. The water depth measurement unit is arranged in the water depth measurement chamber 3, the surface temperature and salinity measurement unit is arranged in the temperature and salinity measurement chamber 5, and the water body middle and lower temperature and salinity measurement unit 7 is suspended below the carrying buoy 2.

[0035] Among them, the main body of the load-bearing buoy 2 is made of foam material, and the surface is wrapped with plastic material, which has a strong buoyancy bearing function. The top and bottom of the load-bearing buoy 2 are oval plastic panels of equivalent specifications, and the main body of the load-bearing buoy 2 is 30cm high. The water depth measurement cabin 3 and the temperature and salinity measurement cabin 5 have the same specifications. The inner diameter of the opening of the top plastic panel of the water depth measurement cabin 3 and the temperature and salinity measurement cabin 5 is 6cm, and the inner diameter of the cabin is 8cm. The top plastic panel opening and the inner diameter of the channel of the temperature and salinity measurement channel 4 are both 6cm.

[0036] The water depth measurement unit performs real-time measurement of different water depths, that is, measures different measurement layers of the water body, and the surface temperature and salinity measurement unit performs real-time measurement of the temperature and salinity of the surface layer of the water body; the middle and lower layer temperature and salinity measurement unit 7 of the water body performs real-time measurement of the temperature and salinity of the middle and lower layers of the water body; the carrying buoy 2 can not only provide a stable measurement position for the water depth measurement unit and the surface temperature and salinity measurement unit, but also support and retract the middle and lower layer temperature and salinity measurement unit 7 of the water body, so as to facilitate measurement at different water depths, thereby improving the scientific feasibility and accuracy of the measurement. It can be understood that if only the temperature and salinity data of the surface layer of the water body need to be measured, the middle and lower layer temperature and salinity measurement unit 7 of the water body and the wired terminal 8 can be uninstalled, and the temperature and salinity of the surface layer of the water body can be measured only by the surface temperature and salinity measurement unit.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the high tide time of a monitoring station at the mouth of the Pearl River on July 7, 2024 is between 9:00-11:00, the low tide time is between 17:00-18:00, and the tidal range is >2m ( Figure 1 a). The tide type on July 27, 2024 is semi-diurnal, with high tides at 2:00-3:00 and 13:00-14:00, low tides at 7:00-9:00 and 20:00-21:00, and tidal range >1m ( Figure 1 b) It can be seen that the measurable water layer depth difference at the same observation point can reach 1-2m, and the corresponding observed water body temperature and salinity can increase 1-2 measurement layers. The measurement layer can be adjusted through the water body middle and lower layer temperature and salinity measurement unit 7 to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0038] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 4 The water depth measurement unit includes an ultrasonic processor 16, an ultrasonic transducer 17 and a water depth signal transmitter 15. One end of the ultrasonic processor 16 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 17, and the other end is connected to the water depth signal transmitter 15 installed on the upper part of the carrying buoy 2. The ultrasonic processor 16 and the ultrasonic transducer 17 are suspended in the water depth measurement cabin 3. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic processor 16 and the ultrasonic transducer 17 are packaged in a waterproof packaging shell. The water depth measurement unit includes a first data wire 14, one end of the first data wire 14 is connected to the water depth signal transmitter 15, and the other end is downwardly connected to the ultrasonic processor 16 and the ultrasonic transducer 17. The water depth signal transmitter 15 has a wireless signal transmitting module and a wireless signal receiving module.

[0039] When in use, the ultrasonic transducer 17 can emit ultrasonic waves to detect the water depth position, and wireless transmission of water depth data is achieved through the wireless signal transmitting module and the wireless signal receiving module, which solves the problems of inaccuracy and inconvenience in carrying of traditional water depth detection. In this embodiment, the wireless signal receiving module has a WiFi transmission function, and real-time water depth data is sent and received in the form of wireless WiFi.

[0040] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 5 The surface temperature-salinity measurement unit includes a first temperature-salinity probe 20, a first temperature sensor 19, a first salinity sensor 21, and a temperature-salinity signal transmitter 18. The first temperature-salinity probe 20 is suspended at the lower part of the temperature-salinity measurement cabin 5, the first temperature sensor 19 and the first salinity sensor 21 are accommodated in the first temperature-salinity probe 20, and the temperature-salinity signal transmitter 18 is installed at the upper part of the temperature-salinity measurement cabin 5 and connected to the first temperature-salinity probe 20. In this embodiment, the surface temperature-salinity measurement unit includes a second data wire 28, one end of which is connected to the temperature-salinity signal transmitter 18, and the other end is downwardly connected to the first temperature sensor 19 and the first salinity sensor 21 in the first temperature-salinity probe 20.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the depth measurement chamber 3, the temperature-salinity measurement chamber 5 and the temperature-salinity measurement channel 4 are fully loaded, the depth signal transmitter 15 and the temperature-salinity signal transmitter 18 are 3-5 cm above the water surface to avoid water ingress.

[0042] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 8 The device for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuary water bodies includes a wireless terminal 6 for receiving wireless signals emitted by a water depth signal transmitter 15 and a temperature-salinity signal transmitter 18. The wireless terminal 6 has a data conversion module and a data wireless transmission module. The wireless terminal 6 transmits and receives water depth data with the water depth signal transmitter 15 through the data wireless transmission module. The wireless terminal 6 transmits and receives temperature data and salinity data with the temperature-salinity signal transmitter 18 through the data wireless transmission module. The wireless terminal 6 processes and converts water depth data, temperature data and salinity data through the data conversion module.

[0043] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 as well as Figure 8, water depth observation data and surface temperature and salinity observation data are displayed through the wireless terminal 6, which has a display screen for displaying data. The wireless terminal 6 has the function of automatic connection and display when powered on, and the display parameters are real-time water depth, water temperature, and salinity data in sequence. The "H=" in the display screen indicates the real-time water depth, the wavy line below it indicates the change process, "Temp." indicates the surface water temperature, and "Sal." indicates the surface salinity.

[0044] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 6 The lower layer temperature-salinity measurement unit 7 of the water body includes a second temperature-salinity probe 29 , a second temperature sensor 30 and a second salinity sensor 31 . The second temperature-salinity probe 29 is suspended below the temperature-salinity measurement channel 4 . The second temperature sensor 30 and the second salinity sensor 31 are accommodated in the second temperature-salinity probe 29 .

[0045] In addition, the water body middle and lower layer temperature and salinity measurement unit 7 includes a wired terminal 8 and a third data wire 32, one end of the third data wire 32 is connected to the wired terminal 8, and the other end passes downward through the temperature and salinity measurement channel 4 to be connected to the second temperature and salinity probe 29. In this embodiment, the temperature of the lower layer of the water body can be measured by the second temperature sensor 30, and the salinity of the middle and lower layer of the water body can be measured by the second salinity sensor 31. The wired terminal 8 receives and converts the temperature and salinity data of the middle and lower layer of the water body sent by the second temperature sensor 30 and the second salinity sensor 31 through the third data wire 32.

[0046] Please refer to the figure Figure 1 And 6. A device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water bodies includes a clamp ring 22 fixedly arranged on the upper part of the temperature-salinity measuring channel 4 and a buckle 23 adapted to the clamp ring 22, wherein the clamp ring 22 has a wire through hole for a third data wire 32 to pass through, and the buckle 23 is used to fasten the part of the third data wire 32 passing through the wire through hole to prevent the third data wire 32 from loosening and causing the second temperature-salinity probe 29 to fall.

[0047] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 3The wired terminal 8 includes a terminal body 11, a display panel 9, a key panel 10, a connection part 12 and a connector 13. The terminal body 11 is provided with a data processing and storage module. The display panel 9 and the key panel 10 are embedded on the wall of the terminal body 11. One end of the connection part 12 is connected to the terminal body 11, and the other end is connected to the connector 13. The connector 13 is connected to one end of the third data conductor 32 relative to one end of the connection part 12. The wired terminal 8 has parameter display setting, measurement calibration and data recording functions, and provides a USB output interface. The wired terminal 8 and the wireless terminal 6 are both driven by No. 7 alkaline batteries, and the water depth signal transmitter 15 and the temperature-salinity signal transmitter 18 are both driven by button-type lithium batteries. The water depth signal transmitter 15 and the temperature-salinity signal transmitter 18 are both provided with waterproof battery compartments.

[0048] See also Figure 2 In this embodiment, the display panel 9 displays real-time temperature data and salinity data simultaneously, and the key panel 10 includes a setting button, a calibration button, a measurement button, an up and down selection button, a record button, and a power button. Function settings can be performed by pressing buttons. Long pressing the setting button for 3s can set the display units of temperature and salinity. Pressing the up and down selection buttons can change the functions. Short pressing the setting button confirms the settings. Pressing the calibration button calibrates the measured data with a standard salt solution. Pressing the record button can record the current measured data, and the recorded data is exported through the USB interface on the back.

[0049] The outer surface of the third data conductor 32 is made of a polyurethane material with strong tensile strength, the length is marked with a color scale, and the surface has an anti-slip function. The total length of the third data conductor 32 is 20m.

[0050] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 7 The retractable component 1 includes a wire loop 25, a wire controller 24 and a traction line 26. The wire loop 25 is provided with a plurality of wire loops, and the inner diameter of the wire loop 25 hole is 1-2 cm. The wire loops 25 are spaced apart on the support rod 27 along the length direction of the support rod 27. In this embodiment, the wire loop 25 is fixed to the front part of the support rod 27 and the end handle thereof. The total length of the support rod 27 is 10 m, and the traction line 26 has a contraction function except for the handle and the end. The wire controller 24 is provided on the support rod 27. One end of the traction line 26 is wound around the wire controller 24, and the other end passes through the plurality of wire loops 25 in sequence and is connected to the load-bearing buoy 2 located below the support rod 27. The controller has the function of controlling and retracting the traction line 26. The traction line 26 is a nylon line with a certain tensile strength and is not easy to break. The wire controller 24 has a locking function, which is used to lock the traction line 26 passing through the wire controller 24.

[0051] The present invention provides a device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water bodies. When in use, the carrying buoy 2 is first lowered to a preset position on the water surface through the traction line 26 of the retractable component 1, and the water depth is measured by the ultrasonic transducer 17; then, according to the observation target, the tidal model of the estuary station to be measured and the coastal zone structure characteristics, the observation time and observation frequency of the observation station are planned, the number of observation repetitions and the observation water layer design are determined, and the real-time water depth observation data measured by the water depth measurement unit are combined. The temperature and salinity data of the water body at different depths are measured by the surface temperature and salinity measurement unit and the middle and lower layer temperature and salinity measurement unit 7 of the water body. It can achieve convenient observation and real-time measurement of the temperature and salinity of the water body at different depths, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the water body in the estuary water area.

[0052] In addition, the present invention provides a method for using a device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water bodies, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: lower the carrying buoy 2 to a preset position on the water surface through the retracting and releasing component 1, lower the second temperature-salinity probe 29 through the temperature-salinity measurement channel 4 to the middle and lower water body below the bottom of the carrying buoy 2 through the third data wire 32, and adjust the depth of the second temperature-salinity probe 29 to the middle and lower water body through the wired terminal 8;

[0054] Step 2: The ultrasonic transducer 17 emits ultrasonic waves to detect the water depth position. The wireless terminal 6 receives and converts the water depth data sent by the water depth signal transmitter 15 through wireless transmission. According to the observation target, the tidal model of the estuary site to be measured, and the coastal zone structure characteristics, the observation method of water temperature and salinity is determined and the observation process is set in combination with the real-time water depth observation data;

[0055] Step 3: The wired terminal 8 receives and converts the temperature and salinity data of the middle and lower layers of the water body sent by the second temperature sensor 30 and the second salinity sensor 31, and the wireless terminal 6 receives and converts the surface temperature and salinity data of the water body sent by the temperature-salinity signal transmitter 18 through wireless transmission.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device suitable for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support rod (27), a retractable component (1), a carrying buoy (2), a water depth measurement unit, a surface temperature-salinity measurement unit and a water body middle and lower temperature-salinity measurement unit (7); the carrying buoy (2) is suspended under the support rod (27) in a lifting manner; a water depth measurement chamber (3) and a temperature-salinity measurement chamber (5) penetrating the bottom surface of the carrying buoy (2) are arranged in the carrying buoy (2); a temperature-salinity measurement channel (4) penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the carrying buoy (2) is arranged between the water depth measurement chamber (3) and the temperature-salinity measurement chamber (5); the water depth measurement unit is arranged in the water depth measurement chamber (3), the surface temperature-salinity measurement unit is arranged in the temperature-salinity measurement chamber (5), and the water body middle and lower temperature-salinity measurement unit (7) is suspended under the carrying buoy (2).

2. The device for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water depth measurement unit comprises an ultrasonic processor (16), an ultrasonic transducer (17) and a water depth signal transmitter (15); one end of the ultrasonic processor (16) is connected to the ultrasonic transducer (17), and the other end is connected to the water depth signal transmitter (15) installed on the upper part of the carrying buoy (2); the ultrasonic processor (16) and the ultrasonic transducer (17) are suspended in the water depth measurement cabin (3).

3. The device for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface temperature and salinity measurement unit comprises a first temperature and salinity probe (20), a first temperature sensor (19), a first salinity sensor (21) and a temperature and salinity signal transmitter (18); the first temperature and salinity probe (20) is suspended at the bottom of a temperature and salinity measurement cabin (5); the first temperature sensor (19) and the first salinity sensor (21) are accommodated in the first temperature and salinity probe (20); and the temperature and salinity signal transmitter (18) is installed at the top of the temperature and salinity measurement cabin (5) and connected to the first temperature and salinity probe (20).

4. The device for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water according to claim 3, characterized in that: It comprises a wireless terminal (6) for receiving wireless signals emitted by a water depth signal transmitter (15) and a temperature-salinity signal transmitter (18).

5. The device for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water body middle and lower layer temperature-salinity measurement unit (7) comprises a second temperature-salinity probe (29), a second temperature sensor (30) and a second salinity sensor (31); the second temperature-salinity probe (29) is suspended below the temperature-salinity measurement channel (4); the second temperature sensor (30) and the second salinity sensor (31) are accommodated in the second temperature-salinity probe (29).

6. The device for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water body middle and lower layer temperature-salinity measurement unit (7) comprises a wired terminal (8) and a third data wire (32), one end of the third data wire (32) is connected to the wired terminal (8), and the other end of the third data wire (32) passes downward through the temperature-salinity measurement channel (4) and is connected to the second temperature-salinity probe (29).

7. The device for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention comprises a clamping ring (22) fixedly arranged on the upper part of a temperature-salinity measurement channel (4) and a buckle (23) matched with the clamping ring (22); the clamping ring (22) has a wire through hole for a third data wire (32) to pass through; and the buckle (23) is used to buckle the part of the third data wire (32) passing through the wire through hole.

8. The device for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wired terminal (8) comprises a terminal body (11), a display panel (9), a key panel (10), a connecting part (12) and a connecting head (13); a data processing and storage module is arranged in the terminal body (11); the display panel (9) and the key panel (10) are embedded in the wall surface of the terminal body (11); one end of the connecting part (12) is connected to the terminal body (11) and the other end is connected to the connecting head (13); the end of the connecting head (13) opposite to the connecting part (12) is connected to one end of a third data conductor (32).

9. The device for measuring the temperature and salinity of estuarine water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retractable member (1) comprises a wire loop (25), a wire controller (24) and a traction line (26); a plurality of the wire loops (25) are provided and are spaced apart on the support rod (27) along the length direction of the support rod (27); the wire controller (24) is provided on the support rod (27); one end of the traction line (26) is wound around the wire controller (24), and the other end passes through the plurality of wire loops (25) in sequence and is connected to a load-bearing buoy (2) located below the support rod (27).

10. A method for using a device for measuring temperature and salinity of estuarine water, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: lowering the carrying buoy (2) to a preset position on the water surface layer through the retracting and releasing component (1), lowering the second temperature-salinity probe (29) through the temperature-salinity measurement channel (4) to the middle and lower water body below the bottom surface of the carrying buoy (2) through the third data wire (32), and adjusting the depth of the second temperature-salinity probe (29) to the middle and lower water body through the wired terminal (8); Step 2: The ultrasonic transducer (17) emits ultrasonic waves to detect the water depth position, and the wireless terminal (6) receives and converts the water depth data emitted by the water depth signal transmitter (15) through wireless transmission. According to the observation target, the tidal model of the estuary site to be measured, and the coastal zone structure characteristics, the observation method of water temperature and salinity is determined and the observation process is set in combination with the real-time water depth observation data; Step 3: The wired terminal (8) receives and converts the temperature and salinity data of the middle and lower layers of the water body sent by the second temperature sensor (30) and the second salinity sensor (31), and the wireless terminal (6) receives and converts the surface temperature and salinity data of the water body sent by the temperature-salinity signal transmitter (18) through wireless transmission.

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