Parameter stochastic optimization design method and device for ship wake visible light imaging system

Abstract

The invention relates to a stochastic optimization design method and device for ship wake visible light imaging system parameters, and belongs to the technical field of photoelectric imaging. The method comprises the following steps: inputting parameters including a system variable, a system fixed parameter, a wake imaging parameter and a wake generation parameter; optical signal calculation, including wake reflectivity resolution calculation and imaging system entrance pupil radiance calculation; the parameter random optimization comprises initialization setting, traversal point calculation, random optimization method execution and data recording; and outputting data, and randomly optimizing an optical system F number of a design result, a quantization digit and an integral series as optimal imaging parameters. According to the method, computer simulation and random optimization theories in the imaging process are combined, automatic parameter optimization design of the wake visible light imaging system is achieved, the problem that the image quality effect cannot be guaranteed by manually selecting imaging parameters is solved, and the method has important application value in the fields of marine wake target detection, imaging system optimization design and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of optoelectronic imaging technology, and in particular to a method and device for stochastic optimization design of parameters of a ship wake visible light imaging system. Background Art

[0002] The wakes of ships on the sea surface can be used for the inversion and tracking of targets at sea, and have wide applications and important value in the fields of marine remote sensing and marine safety. The wakes often appear as extremely weak signals in the background of sea clutter, and different optical imaging systems have different capabilities for detecting wakes. Traditional visible light imaging systems may not be able to clearly observe the wake signal during use, which restricts the application of wake images in subsequent target identification and tracking.

[0003] In actual optical imaging applications, it is necessary to carry out targeted imaging system parameter design based on target characteristics to ensure the target imaging quality. However, there is currently no method or device for automatic optimization design of visible light imaging system parameters for ship wakes. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above problems, the present invention proposes a method and device for random optimization design of parameters of a ship wake visible light imaging system. The method inputs a series of wake imaging related parameters, and after optical signal calculation and parameter random optimization, it can obtain and output imaging system parameter optimization design results that ensure the best imaging quality. The device using this method can automatically realize the optimal design of imaging system parameters, and has important application value in the fields of marine target detection, wake imaging system design and demonstration, etc.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The present invention provides a random optimization design method for parameters of a ship wake visible light imaging system, comprising:

[0007] Initialization settings: randomly select a point P in the three-dimensional variable consisting of the optical system F number F, the number of quantization bits n, the number of integral series M and their constraint range as the initial point; randomly select one of the step size F_step of the optical system F number, the step size n_step of the number of quantization bits, and the step size M_step of the integral series as the first input step size; randomly select one of F_step, n_step, and M_step except the first input step size as the second input step size; randomly select one of F_step, n_step, and M_step except the first input step size and the second input step size as the third input step size; take the first input step size as the current step size;

[0008] Traversal point calculation: randomly select the traversal direction; take the initial point P as the starting point, determine the next traversal point Pi according to the traversal direction and the current step length; calculate the total number of signal and noise electrons N_P and N_Pi at P and Pi; calculate the output digital signal values ​​DN_P and DN_Pi at P and Pi;

[0009] Random optimization method execution: Based on the basic logic of typical random optimization, starting from the random optimization scheme of parameters, the random parameters are initialized, and the optimal parameter scheme is obtained by traversing the positive and negative directions of all input steps to find the maximum digital signal value. The optimization cutoff condition is set to the maximum digital signal value of all traversed points. At this time, the corresponding parameter combination can ensure the maximization of the system output signal, and the obtained parameters are the optimal parameters;

[0010] Record random optimization design results; the random optimization design results include: the optical system F number F, the quantization bit number n, and the integration series M corresponding to the current point P.

[0011] Further, the random optimization method is executed, including: if DN_P<=DN_Pi, then the current traversal point Pi is used as the new initial point P; whether the relevant variable of the current step length at the new initial point P is already the maximum value or the minimum value; if not, the current traversal direction is used as the traversal direction, and the step of determining the next traversal point is returned; if yes, then whether the current step length is the second input step length or the third input step length is determined; if the current step length is not the second input step length or the third input step length, then the current initial point P is used as the initial point P, the second input step length is used as the current step length, and the step of traversal point calculation is returned; if the current step length is not the third input step length, then the current initial point P is used as the initial point P, the third input step length is used as the current step length, and the step of traversal point calculation is returned; if the current step length is the third input step length, the traversal is terminated;

[0012] If DN_P>DN_Pi, determine whether the opposite direction of the current traversal direction has been traversed; if not, take the current initial point P as the initial point P, and the opposite direction of the current traversal direction as the traversal direction, and return to the step of determining the next traversal point; if yes, determine whether the current step length is the second input step length or the third input step length; if the current step length is not the second input step length or the third input step length, take the current initial point P as the initial point P, and the second input step length as the current step length, and return to the step of traversal point calculation; if the current step length is not the third input step length, take the current initial point P as the initial point P, and the third input step length as the current step length, and return to the step of traversal point calculation; if the current step length is not the third input step length, take the current initial point P as the initial point P, and the third input step length as the current step length, and return to the step of traversal point calculation; if the current step length is the third input step length, end the traversal.

[0013] Furthermore, the total number of signal and noise electrons N_P and N_Pi at P and Pi are calculated:

[0014]

[0015]

[0016] Wherein, F_P, n_P, M_P are the F number, quantization bit number, and integration series of the optical system corresponding to P, respectively; F_Pi, n_Pi, M_Pi are the F number, quantization bit number, and integration series of the optical system corresponding to Pi, respectively; Poisson(λ) represents the equivalent Poisson distribution noise with a randomly generated mean of λ; E is the entrance pupil radiance of the imaging system; M max is the maximum integral order; R is the average spectral response; T int is the integration time; η is the total charge transfer efficiency; C is the charge conversion factor; τ O is the transmittance of the optical system.

[0017] Furthermore, the output digital signal values ​​DN_P and DN_Pi at P and Pi are calculated:

[0018]

[0019]

[0020] Wherein, N_fullwell is the full well charge number; round() means rounding.

[0021] Furthermore, the imaging system entrance pupil radiance E is calculated, including:

[0022] E=R r *H*τ a ;

[0023] Among them, R r is the wake reflectivity resolution; H is the solar irradiance; τ a is the atmospheric transmittance.

[0024] Furthermore, the tail reflectivity resolution R is calculated r ,include:

[0025] The area where the wake wave height h(x,y) is greater than 0 is selected as the peak area hc(x,y), and the area where the wake wave height h(x,y) is less than 0 is selected as the trough area ht(x,y);

[0026] The reflectivity resolution R is calculated according to the following formula r :

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Among them, θ s is the solar zenith angle; φ s is the solar azimuth; θ r is the observation zenith angle; φ r is the observation azimuth; h(x,y) is the wake wave height; w is the wind speed; ρ is the Fresnel reflectivity; S x Represents the upwind slope of the small sea surface; S y Represents the slope of the side wind direction of the small sea surface; S kx_c represents the upwind slope of the small slope in the wake crest area; S ky_c represents the slope of the side wind direction of the small slope in the wake crest area; S kx_t represents the upwind slope of the small slope in the wake trough area; S ky_t Represents the crosswind direction slope of the small slope in the wake trough area; θ n is the inclination angle of the small slope; u is the standard deviation in the upwind direction; σ c is the standard deviation of the crosswind direction.

[0036] Furthermore, the method further includes: outputting random optimization design results as optimal imaging parameters.

[0037] The present invention also provides a random optimization design device for ship wake visible light imaging system parameters, comprising: a data input module, an optical calculation module, a random optimization module and a data output module; the data input module is connected to the optical calculation module and the random optimization module; the optical calculation module is connected to the random optimization module; the random optimization module is connected to the data output module;

[0038] The data input module is used to input system variables, system fixed parameters, wake imaging parameters and wake generation parameters; wherein the system variables include: optical system F number F, quantization bit number n, integral series M constraint range F∈[F_min,F_max] and step length F_step, n∈[n_min,n_max] and step length n_step, M∈[M_min,M_max] and step length M_step, and the system variables are passed to the random optimization module; the system fixed parameters include: maximum integral series M max, average spectral responsivity R, integration time T int , total charge transfer efficiency η, charge conversion factor C, optical system transmittance τ o and the full well charge number N_fullwell, and the fixed parameters of the system are transferred to the optical calculation module and the random optimization module; the trail imaging parameters include: the solar zenith angle θ s 、Sun azimuth φ s , observation zenith angle θ r , observation azimuth φ r , solar irradiance H, atmospheric transmittance τ a , and passing the wake imaging parameters to the optical calculation module; the wake generation parameters include: wake wave height h(x, y), wind speed w and Fresnel reflectivity ρ, and the wake generation parameters are passed to the optical calculation module;

[0039] The optical calculation module is used to receive the system fixed parameters, trail imaging parameters and trail generation parameters input by the data input module, calculate the trail reflectivity resolution Rr and the imaging system entrance pupil radiance E, and transmit the entrance pupil radiance E to the random optimization module;

[0040] The random optimization module uses the above-mentioned random optimization design method for ship wake visible light imaging system parameters to perform random optimization of parameters;

[0041] The data output module is used to receive the random optimization design results recorded in the random optimization module and output the random optimization design results as optimal imaging parameters.

[0042] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes a method and device for random optimization design of ship wake visible light imaging system parameters, which fills the gap that there is no method and device specifically used for automatic design of ship wake imaging system parameters in China. By inputting a series of wake imaging related parameters, after optical signal calculation and parameter random optimization, the optical system F number, quantization bit number, and integral series parameters of the imaging system that guarantee the best imaging quality can be obtained. The present invention can automatically realize the optimal design of system parameters, and can be used to provide theoretical and technical support for the demonstration of wake imaging detection systems, and effectively guarantee the data quality of wake imaging by the imaging system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a random optimization design method for parameters of a ship wake visible light imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a device for stochastic optimization design of parameters of a ship wake visible light imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of wake wave height in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the peaks and troughs of the wake in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the upwind slope of the small slope in the wake crest area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the side wind direction slope of the small slope in the wake crest area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the upwind slope of the small slope in the wake trough area in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the side wind direction slope of a small slope in the wake trough area in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0054] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for stochastic optimization design of parameters of a ship wake visible light imaging system, so as to be used for automatic optimization design of parameters of the wake imaging system.

[0055] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a random optimization design method for parameters of a ship wake visible light imaging system comprises the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Input parameters, including system variables, system fixed parameters, wake imaging parameters, and wake generation parameters.

[0057] Step 1-1, input system variables: optical system F number F, quantization bit number n, integral series M constraint range F∈[5,10] and step size F_step=1, n∈[8,14] and step size n_step=2, M∈[16,64] and step size M_step=16;

[0058] Step 1-2, input system fixed parameters: maximum integration level 64, average spectral responsivity R = 100000, integration time T int =0.0002, total charge transfer efficiency η = 1, charge conversion factor C = 0.00001, optical system transmittance τ o =0.8, full well charge number N_fullwell=100000;

[0059] Step 1-3, input the trail imaging parameters: solar zenith angle θ s =30°, solar azimuth φ s =270°, observation zenith angle θ r =30°, observation azimuth φ r =30°, solar irradiance H = 10W / m 2 , atmospheric transmittance τ a =0.9;

[0060] Step 1-4, input the wake generation parameters: wake wave height h(x,y) (such as Figure 3 As shown), wind speed w = 5m / s, Fresnel reflectivity ρ = 0.0232.

[0061] Step 2, optical signal calculation, including: tail reflectivity resolution and imaging system entrance pupil radiance.

[0062] Step 2-1, calculate the tail reflectivity resolution Rr:

[0063] Step 2-1-1, select the area where the wake wave height h(x,y) is greater than 0 as the peak area h c (x, y) and the area less than 0 is the trough area h t (x,y); (e.g. Figure 4 As shown, the white area is the peak area, and the black area is the trough area);

[0064] Step 2-1-2, calculate the reflectivity resolution R according to the following formula r :

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Among them, S x Represents the upwind slope of the small sea surface;

[0068]

[0069] Among them, S y Represents the crosswind direction slope of the small sea surface slope;

[0070] like Figure 5 As shown;

[0071] Among them, S kx_c Represents the upwind slope of the small slope in the wake crest area;

[0072] like Figure 6 As shown;

[0073] Among them, S ky_c Represents the crosswind direction slope of the small slope in the wake crest area;

[0074] like Figure 7 As shown;

[0075] Among them, S kx t Represents the upwind slope of the small slope in the wake trough area;

[0076] like Figure 8 As shown;

[0077] Among them, S ky_t Represents the crosswind direction slope of the small slope in the wake trough area;

[0078]

[0079] Among them, θ n is the small slope inclination;

[0080]

[0081] Among them, σ u is the standard deviation in the upwind direction;

[0082]

[0083] Among them, σ c is the standard deviation of the crosswind direction.

[0084] Step 2-2, calculate the entrance pupil radiance E of the imaging system:

[0085] E=R r *H*τ a =0.0001584*10*0.9=0.00142556.

[0086] Step 3, random parameter optimization, including: initialization setting, traversal point calculation, random optimization method execution, and data recording.

[0087] Step 3-1, initialization settings:

[0088] Step 3-1-1, randomly select a point P in the three-dimensional variables consisting of the optical system F number F, the number of quantization bits n, the integral series M and their constraint range as the initial point, and take the randomly selected optical system F number F = 6, the number of quantization bits n = 12, and the integral series M = 48 at P as an example;

[0089] Step 3-1-2, select the first input step size (randomly select one from F_step=1, n_step=2, M_step=16, take F_step=1 as an example), the second input step size (randomly select one from F_step, n_step, M_step except the first input step size, take n_step=2 as an example), and the third input step size (one from F_step, n_step, M_step except the first input step size and the second input step size, take M_step=16 as an example);

[0090] Step 3-1-3, take the first input step length F_step=1 as the current step length.

[0091] Step 3-2, traversal point calculation:

[0092] Step 3-2-1, randomly select the traversal direction as the negative direction "-";

[0093] Step 3-2-2, taking the initial point P (F=6, n=12, M=48) as the starting point, according to the negative direction of the traversal direction "-" and the current step length F_step=1, determine the next traversal point Pi (F=5, n=12, M=48);

[0094] Step 3-2-3, calculate the total number of signal and noise electrons N_P and N_Pi at P and Pi:

[0095] The corresponding parameter variables at P (F_P=6, n_P=12, M_P=48);

[0096] Parameter variables corresponding to Pi (F_Pi=5, n_Pi=12, M_Pi=48);

[0097] Poisson(λ) represents the random generation of equivalent Poisson distribution noise with mean λ:

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] Step 3-2-4, calculate the output digital signal values ​​DN_P and DN_Pi at P and Pi:

[0101] The corresponding parameter variables at P (F_P=6, n_P=12, M_P=48);

[0102] Parameter variables corresponding to Pi (F_Pi=5, n_Pi=12, M_Pi=48);

[0103] round() means rounding:

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] Step 3-3: Random optimization method execution:

[0107] The basic idea of ​​the random optimization method is: based on the basic logic of typical random optimization, starting from the random optimization plan of the parameters, initializing the random parameters, and finding the maximum digital signal value by traversing all input steps in the positive and negative directions to obtain the optimal parameter plan. Since the optimization cutoff condition is set to the maximum digital signal value of all traversed points, the corresponding parameter combination at this time can ensure the maximization of the system output signal, so the parameters obtained at this time are the optimal parameters.

[0108] Specifically, compare DN_P=3 with DN_Pi=4, DN_P<=DN_Pi, then take the current traversal point Pi (F_Pi=5, n_Pi=12, M_Pi=48) as the new initial point P (F_P=5, n_P=12, M_P=48); judge that the variable F related to the current step length at the new initial point P (F_P=5, n_P=12, M_P=48) is the maximum value or the minimum value; judge that the current step length is not the second input step length or the third input step length; take the current initial point P (F_P=5, n_P=12, M_P=48) as the initial point P (F_P=5, n_P=12, M_P=48); take the second input step length n_step=2 as the current step length long, return to step 3-2; randomly select the traversal direction as the positive direction "+"; take the initial point P (F_P = 5, n_P = 12, M_P = 48) as the starting point, according to the positive direction of the traversal direction "+" and the current step length n_step = 2, determine the next traversal point Pi (F_Pi = 5, n_Pi = 14, M_Pi = 48); calculate the total number of signal and noise electrons N_P = 104 and N_Pi = 107 at P (F_P = 5, n_P = 12, M_P = 48) and Pi (F_Pi = 5, n_Pi = 14, M_Pi = 48); calculate the total number of signal and noise electrons N_P = 104 and N_Pi = 107 at P (F_P = 5, n_P = 12, M_P = 48) and Pi (F_Pi = 5, n_Pi = 14, M_P i=48) output digital signal value DN_P=4 and DN_Pi=18; compare DN_P=4 and DN_Pi=18, DN_P<=DN_Pi, take the current traversal point Pi (F_Pi=5, n_Pi=14, M_Pi=48) as the new initial point P (F_P=5, n_P=14, M_P=48); judge that the related variable n of the current step length at the new initial point P (F_P=5, n_P=14, M_P=48) has reached the maximum value or the minimum value; judge whether the current step length is the second input step length or the third input step length; judge whether the current step length is not the third input step length; take the current initial point P (F_P=5, n_P=14, M_P=48) as the initial point P ( F_P=5, n_P=14, M_P=48); take the third input step length M_step=16 as the current step length, return to step (3-2-1); randomly select the traversal direction as the positive direction "+"; take the initial point P (F_P=5, n_P=14, M_P=48) as the starting point, according to the positive direction of the traversal direction "+" and the current step length M_step=16, determine the next traversal point Pi (F_Pi=5, n_Pi=14, M_Pi=64); calculate the total number of signal and noise electrons N_P=105 and N_Pi=124 at P (F_P=5, n_P=14, M_P=48) and Pi (F_Pi=5, n_Pi=14, M_Pi=64);Calculate the output digital signal values ​​DN_P=17 and DN_Pi=20 at P(F_P=5, n_P=14, M_P=48) and Pi(F_Pi=5, n_Pi=14, M_Pi=64); compare DN_P=17 and DN_Pi=20, DN_P<=DN_Pi, take the current traversal point Pi(F_Pi=5, n_Pi=14, M_Pi=64) as the new initial point P(F_P=5, n_P=14, M_P=64); determine whether the current step-length-related variable M at the new initial point P (F_P=5, n_P=14, M_P=64) is the maximum value or the minimum value; determine whether the current step-length is the second input step-length or the third input step-length; determine whether the current step-length is the third input step-length; end the traversal. ;

[0109] Step 3-4: Data recording;

[0110] Record the random optimization design results obtained in step 3-3 (ie, the optical system F number F_P=5, the number of quantization bits n_P=14, and the number of integration stages M_P=64 corresponding to the current point P).

[0111] Step 4: Data output;

[0112] Output the random optimization design results in the data record of step 3-4 (optical system F number 5, quantization bit number 14, integration level 64) as the optimal imaging parameters.

[0113] In another embodiment, the present invention also proposes a random optimization design device for parameters of a ship wake visible light imaging system, comprising: a data input module, an optical calculation module, a random optimization module, and a data output module; wherein the data input module is connected to the optical calculation module and the random optimization module; the optical calculation module is connected to the data input module and the random optimization module; the random optimization module is connected to the data input module, the optical calculation module, and the data output module; and the data output module is connected to the random optimization module.

[0114] The data input module includes a system variable submodule, a system fixed parameter submodule, a trail imaging parameter submodule, and a trail generation parameter submodule; the system variable submodule is used to input system variables: optical system F number F, quantization bit number n, constraint range of integral series M F∈[5,10] and step size F_step=1, n∈[8,14] and step size n_step=2, M∈[16,64] and step size M_step=16, and pass the parameters to the random optimization module; the system fixed parameter submodule is used to input system fixed parameters: maximum integral series 64, average spectral responsivity R=100000, integration time Tint=0.0002, total charge conversion Transfer efficiency η=1, charge conversion factor C=0.00001, optical system transmittance τo=0.8, full well charge number N_fullwell=100000, and pass the parameters to the optical calculation module and the random optimization module; the trail imaging parameter submodule is used to input the trail imaging parameters: input trail imaging parameters: solar zenith angle θs=30°, solar azimuth angle φs=270°, observation zenith angle θr=30°, observation azimuth angle φr=30°, solar irradiance H=10W / m2, atmospheric transmittance τa=0.9, and pass the parameters to the optical calculation module; the trail generation parameter submodule is used to input the trail generation parameters: trail wave height h(x,y) (such as Figure 3 As shown), wind speed w = 5 m / s, Fresnel reflectivity ρ = 0.0232, and the parameters are passed to the optical calculation module.

[0115] The optical calculation module is used to receive the system fixed parameters, trail imaging parameters and trail generation parameters input by the system variable submodule, the system fixed parameter submodule, the trail imaging parameter submodule and the trail generation parameter submodule in the data input module, calculate the trail reflectivity resolution Rr=0.0001584 and the imaging system entrance pupil radiance E=0.00142556, and pass the entrance pupil radiance E to the random optimization module.

[0116] The random optimization module includes an initialization setting submodule, a traversal point calculation submodule, a random optimization method execution submodule, and a data recording submodule; the random optimization module is used to use the system variables and system fixed parameters input by the system variable submodule and the system fixed parameter submodule in the data input module and the entrance pupil radiance E=0.00142556 input by the optical calculation module to carry out parameter random optimization (the specific execution process of the module is to execute the initialization setting submodule, the traversal point calculation submodule, the random optimization method execution submodule, and the data recording submodule in sequence according to step 3 in the method), and record the random optimization design results (optical system F number F=5, quantization bit number n=14, integral series M64) in the data recording submodule and transmit them to the data output module.

[0117] The data output module is used to receive and output the random optimization design results (optical system F number F=5, quantization bit number n=14, integration series M=64) of the data recording submodule in the random optimization module.

[0118] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A random optimization design method for ship wake visible light imaging system parameters, characterized in that: include: Initialization settings: randomly select a point P in the three-dimensional variable composed of the optical system F number F, the number of quantization bits n, the integral series M and its constraint range as the initial point; randomly select one of the step size F_step of the optical system F number, the step size n_step of the quantization bits, and the step size M_step of the integral series as the first input step size; randomly select one of F_step, n_step, and M_step except the first input step size as the second input step size; randomly select one of F_step, n_step, and M_step except the first input step size and the second input step size as the third input step size; Take the first input step length as the current step length; Traversal point calculation: randomly select the traversal direction; Taking the initial point P as the starting point, determine the next traversal point Pi according to the traversal direction and the current step length; Calculate the total number of signal and noise electrons N_P and N_Pi at P and Pi; calculate the output digital signal values ​​DN_P and DN_Pi at P and Pi; Random optimization method execution: Based on the basic logic of typical random optimization, starting from the random optimization scheme of parameters, the random parameters are initialized, and the optimal parameter scheme is obtained by traversing the positive and negative directions of all input steps to find the maximum digital signal value. The optimization cutoff condition is set to the maximum digital signal value of all traversed points. At this time, the corresponding parameter combination can ensure the maximization of the system output signal, and the obtained parameters are the optimal parameters; Record random optimization design results; The random optimization design results include: the optical system F number F, the number of quantization bits n, and the integration order M corresponding to the current point P.

2. The method for random optimization design of ship wake visible light imaging system parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Stochastic optimization methods are performed, including: If DN_P<=DN_Pi, then take the current traversal point Pi as the new initial point P; determine whether the relevant variable of the current step length at the new initial point P is the maximum value or the minimum value; if not, take the current traversal direction as the traversal direction and return to the step of determining the next traversal point; if yes, determine whether the current step length is the second input step length or the third input step length; if the current step length is not the second input step length or the third input step length, then take the current initial point P as the initial point P, take the second input step length as the current step length, and return to the step of traversal point calculation; if the current step length is not the third input step length, then take the current initial point P as the initial point P, take the third input step length as the current step length, and return to the step of traversal point calculation; if the current step length is the third input step length, end the traversal; If DN_P>DN_Pi, determine whether the opposite direction of the current traversal direction has been traversed; if not, take the current initial point P as the initial point P, and the opposite direction of the current traversal direction as the traversal direction, and return to the step of determining the next traversal point; if yes, determine whether the current step length is the second input step length or the third input step length; if the current step length is not the second input step length or the third input step length, take the current initial point P as the initial point P, and the second input step length as the current step length, and return to the step of traversal point calculation; if the current step length is not the third input step length, take the current initial point P as the initial point P, and the third input step length as the current step length, and return to the step of traversal point calculation; if the current step length is the third input step length, end the traversal.

3. The method for random optimization design of ship wake visible light imaging system parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculate the signal and noise total electron numbers N_P and N_Pi at P and Pi: Wherein, F_P, n_P, M_P are the F number, quantization bit number, and integration series of the optical system corresponding to P, respectively; F_Pi, n_Pi, M_Pi are the F number, quantization bit number, and integration series of the optical system corresponding to Pi, respectively; Poisson(λ) represents the equivalent Poisson distribution noise with a randomly generated mean of λ; E is the entrance pupil radiance of the imaging system; M max is the maximum integral order; R is the average spectral response; T int is the integration time; η is the total charge transfer efficiency; C is the charge conversion factor; τ O is the transmittance of the optical system.

4. The method for random optimization design of ship wake visible light imaging system parameters according to claim 3, characterized in that: Calculate the output digital signal values ​​DN_P and DN_Pi at P and Pi: Wherein, N_fullwell is the full well charge number; round() means rounding.

5. The method for random optimization design of ship wake visible light imaging system parameters according to claim 3, characterized in that: Calculate the imaging system entrance pupil radiance E, including: E=R r *H*t a ; Among them, R r is the wake reflectivity resolution; H is the solar irradiance; τ a is the atmospheric transmittance.

6. The method for random optimization design of ship wake visible light imaging system parameters according to claim 5, characterized in that: Calculate the tail reflectivity resolution R r ,include: The area where the wake wave height h(x,y) is greater than 0 is selected as the peak area hc(x,y), and the area where the wake wave height h(x,y) is less than 0 is selected as the trough area ht(x,y); The reflectivity resolution R is calculated according to the following formula r : Among them, θ s is the solar zenith angle; φ s is the solar azimuth; θ r is the observation zenith angle; φ r is the observation azimuth; h(x,y) is the wake wave height; w is the wind speed; ρ is the Fresnel reflectivity; S x Represents the upwind slope of the small sea surface; S y Represents the slope of the side wind direction of the small sea surface; S kx_c represents the upwind slope of the small slope in the wake crest area; S ky_c represents the slope of the side wind direction of the small slope in the wake crest area; S kx_t represents the upwind slope of the small slope in the wake trough area; S ky_t Represents the crosswind direction slope of the small slope in the wake trough area; θ n is the inclination angle of the small slope; u is the standard deviation in the upwind direction; σ c is the standard deviation of the crosswind direction.

7. The method for random optimization design of ship wake visible light imaging system parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The random optimization design results are output as the optimal imaging parameters.

8. A device for random optimization design of ship wake visible light imaging system parameters, characterized in that: include: A data input module, an optical calculation module, a random optimization module and a data output module; the data input module is connected with the optical calculation module and the random optimization module; The optical calculation module is connected to the random optimization module; The random optimization module is connected to the data output module; The data input module is used to input system variables, system fixed parameters, wake imaging parameters and wake generation parameters; wherein the system variables include: optical system F number F, quantization bit number n, integral series M constraint range F∈[F_min,F_max] and step length F_step, n∈[n_min,n_max] and step length n_step, M∈[M_min,M_max] and step length M_step, and the system variables are passed to the random optimization module; the system fixed parameters include: maximum integral series M max , average spectral responsivity R, integration time T int , total charge transfer efficiency η, charge conversion factor C, optical system transmittance τo and full well charge number N_fullwell, and pass the fixed system parameters to the optical calculation module and the random optimization module; the trail imaging parameters include: solar zenith angle θ s 、Sun azimuth φ s , observation zenith angle θ r , observation azimuth φ r , solar irradiance H, atmospheric transmittance τ a , and passing the wake imaging parameters to the optical calculation module; the wake generation parameters include: wake wave height h(x, y), wind speed w and Fresnel reflectivity ρ, and the wake generation parameters are passed to the optical calculation module; The optical calculation module is used to receive the system fixed parameters, trail imaging parameters and trail generation parameters input by the data input module, calculate the trail reflectivity resolution Rr and the imaging system entrance pupil radiance E, and transmit the entrance pupil radiance E to the random optimization module; The random optimization module uses a random optimization design method for ship wake visible light imaging system parameters according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to perform random optimization of parameters; The data output module is used to receive the random optimization design results recorded in the random optimization module and output the random optimization design results as optimal imaging parameters.

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