Cost calculation method and device for providing differentiated power supply reliability

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power supply reliability, in particular to a cost calculation method and device for providing differentiated power supply reliability, which can solve the problem of how to consider the influence of power supply reliability and economy on reliable operation of a novel power system to a certain extent. The cost calculation method for providing the differentiated power supply reliability comprises the following steps: calculating annual cost for guaranteeing the power supply reliability in each link of source-network-storage; designing a differentiated power supply reliability guarantee scheme; a comprehensive reliability cost calculation model is constructed, the influence of various uncertain factors on the static capacity adequacy of a power system is considered from the perspective of power planning, and the reliability cost is calculated for differentiated power supply reliability guarantee schemes. Reference can be provided for ensuring reliable operation of a high-proportion new energy power system and reasonably balancing power supply reliability cost through electricity prices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power supply reliability, and in particular to a cost calculation method and device for providing differentiated power supply reliability. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of global energy green transformation, the penetration rate of new energy in the power grid will continue to increase, and the randomness and volatility of its output will pose huge challenges to the reliability of system operation.

[0003] my country's basic national conditions determine that we must insist on ensuring the security of power supply. How to balance power supply reliability and economy is crucial to the development of new power systems. From the perspective of power planning, considering the impact of various uncertain factors on the static capacity adequacy of the power system, and calculating the reliability cost for differentiated power supply reliability assurance plans can provide a reference for ensuring the reliable operation of a high proportion of new energy power systems and reasonably balancing the power supply reliability cost through electricity prices. It has important theoretical role and practical application value.

[0004] Therefore, a new cost calculation algorithm is urgently needed to ensure the reliable operation of the power system. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem of how to balance the impact of power supply reliability and economy on the reliable operation of a new power system, the present application provides a cost calculation method and device for providing differentiated power supply reliability.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a cost calculation method and device for providing differentiated power supply reliability, including:

[0008] Calculate the annual cost of ensuring power supply reliability in each link of source-grid-storage;

[0009] Design differentiated power supply reliability assurance solutions;

[0010] Construct a comprehensive reliability cost calculation model.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the annualized cost of each source-grid-storage link to ensure power supply reliability is calculated using an equal annual value algorithm to calculate the costs on the source side, the grid side, and the storage side respectively.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the cost of technical means to ensure power supply reliability on the source side can be quantified using the following formula, including the cost of new power supply, power supply replacement cost, and backup power supply operation cost:

[0013]

[0014]

[0015] Where r is the discount rate and Y is the service life. The annualized cost can be obtained by converting the factor D of the equal annual value algorithm. T represents the working time of the power supply in a year. 初始 Represents the initial investment cost of the new power source, C 初始 D represents the annualized additional power cost. 更换 Represents the power replacement capacity, C 更换 Represents the unit power supply replacement capacity cost, P 更换 C 更换 D represents the annualized power supply replacement cost. 备用 Represents the power reserve capacity, C 备用 Represents the unit power backup capacity operating cost, P 备用 C 备用 T represents the annualized power backup operating cost.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the cost of technical means to ensure power supply reliability on the grid side can be measured by the following formula, including the grid structure optimization cost and the grid expansion cost:

[0017]

[0018] Among them, C 优化 represents the investment cost of grid structure optimization, C 优化 D represents the annualized grid structure optimization cost. L represents the line length, C 扩建 represents the construction cost of the new grid per unit length, C 断路器 represents the unit new circuit breaker construction cost, n represents the number of circuit breakers, C 扩建 LD+nC 断路器 D represents the annualized grid expansion cost.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the total cost of ensuring power supply reliability on the storage side can be quantified using the following formula, which includes the cost of building new energy storage, the cost of replacing energy storage, and the cost of operating and maintaining energy storage backup:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, C 初始投资 represents the initial investment cost of new energy storage, C 初始投资 D represents the annualized initial investment cost of new energy storage. 更换 Represents the capacity of the replacement energy storage, C 更换 Represents the replacement cost of energy storage batteries per unit capacity, C 更换 E 更换 D represents the annual energy storage battery replacement cost. 维护 Represents the unit backup power energy storage operation and maintenance cost, P储 Represents the reserve power of energy storage, C 维护 P 储 T represents the annualized operation and maintenance cost after the energy storage is put into operation.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the design of a differentiated power supply reliability assurance solution further includes:

[0023] The cost of ensuring power supply reliability on the source-grid-storage side is summarized into two categories: grid investment cost and backup power supply installation cost.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the construction of a comprehensive reliability cost calculation model includes regional power capacity cost calculation and user high reliability fee calculation.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the regional power capacity cost calculation is determined by a power capacity mechanism and can be summarized as a total capacity purchase fee in a power capacity market.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the user high reliability fee calculation is the power supply service fee collected from the benefited users according to the principle of "whoever benefits, pays".

[0027] In a second aspect, the present application provides a cost calculation device for providing differentiated power supply reliability, comprising:

[0028] Cost calculation module, used to calculate the annualized cost of each link of source-grid-storage to ensure power supply reliability;

[0029] Solution design module, used to design differentiated power supply reliability assurance solutions;

[0030] Model building module, used to build a comprehensive reliability cost calculation model.

[0031] The technical solution provided by this application can at least achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The cost calculation method and device for providing differentiated power supply reliability provided in this application are aimed at the scenario where the penetration rate of new energy is constantly increasing under the background of green energy transformation. It provides a cost calculation method for ensuring power supply reliability in each link of source-grid-storage in the power system. It takes into account the technical means for ensuring power supply reliability on the source side, grid side and storage side relatively comprehensively, and uses the equal annual value algorithm to calculate the corresponding annualized cost.

[0033] This application takes into account the differentiated reliability requirements of users with high reliability requirements and users with low reliability requirements, designs a differentiated power supply reliability assurance plan, and provides a specific mathematical model for comprehensive reliability cost calculation, which has good practicality and executability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a specific flow chart of a cost calculation method shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cost calculation device for providing differentiated power supply reliability shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Cost calculation module; 2. Scheme design module; 3. Model building module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, implementation mode and advantages of the present application clearer, the exemplary implementation mode of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the exemplary embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described exemplary embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that the brief description of terms in this application is only for the convenience of understanding the embodiments described below, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. Unless otherwise specified, these terms should be understood according to their ordinary and common meanings.

[0042] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar or similar objects or entities, and do not necessarily mean to limit a specific order or sequence, unless otherwise noted. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances.

[0043] The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover but not exclude inclusion, for example, a product or device comprising a list of components is not necessarily limited to all the components expressly listed but may include other components not expressly listed or inherent to such product or device.

[0044] Before explaining the cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability provided in the embodiment of the present application, the application scenario and implementation environment of the embodiment of the present application are first introduced.

[0045] Against the backdrop of global energy green transformation, the penetration rate of new energy in the power grid will continue to increase, and the randomness and volatility of its output will pose huge challenges to the reliability of system operation.

[0046] my country's basic national conditions determine that we must insist on ensuring the security of power supply. How to balance power supply reliability and economy is crucial to the development of new power systems. From the perspective of power planning, considering the impact of various uncertain factors on the static capacity adequacy of the power system, and calculating the reliability cost for differentiated power supply reliability assurance plans can provide a reference for ensuring the reliable operation of a high proportion of new energy power systems and reasonably balancing the power supply reliability cost through electricity prices. It has important theoretical role and practical application value.

[0047] Based on this, the present application provides a cost calculation method and device for providing differentiated power supply reliability. From the perspective of power planning, it considers the impact of various uncertain factors on the static capacity adequacy of the power system, and calculates the reliability cost for differentiated power supply reliability assurance plans. It can provide a reference for ensuring the reliable operation of a high-proportion new energy power system and reasonably balancing the power supply reliability cost through electricity prices.

[0048] Next, the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems will be described in detail through embodiments and in combination with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of them.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a cost calculation method and device for providing differentiated power supply reliability are provided. In this embodiment, the method may include the following steps:

[0051] Step 100: Calculate the annualized cost of each link of source-grid-storage to ensure power supply reliability.

[0052] Step 200: Design a differentiated power supply reliability assurance solution.

[0053] Step 300: Construct a comprehensive reliability cost calculation model.

[0054] Figure 2 It is a specific flowchart of a cost calculation method shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0055] In one possible implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the specific process is as follows:

[0056] (1) Calculate the annualized cost of each link of source-grid-storage to ensure power supply reliability, and use the equal annual value algorithm to calculate the cost of the source side, grid side and storage side respectively.

[0057] Specifically, the cost of technical means to ensure power supply reliability on the source side can be quantified using the following formula, which includes the cost of new power supply, power supply replacement cost, and backup power supply operation cost:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] Where r is the discount rate and Y is the service life. The annualized cost can be obtained by converting the factor D of the equal annual value algorithm. T represents the working time of the power supply in a year. 初始 Represents the initial investment cost of the new power source, C 初始 D represents the annualized additional power cost. 更换 Represents the power replacement capacity, C 更换 Represents the unit power supply replacement capacity cost, P 更换 C 更换 D represents the annualized power supply replacement cost. 备用 Represents the power reserve capacity, C 备用 Represents the unit power backup capacity operating cost, P 备用 C 备用 T represents the annualized power backup operating cost.

[0061] The cost of technical means to ensure power supply reliability on the grid side can be measured by the following formula, including the grid structure optimization cost and grid expansion cost:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, C 优化 represents the investment cost of grid structure optimization, C 优化 D represents the annualized grid structure optimization cost. L represents the line length, C 扩建 represents the construction cost of the new grid per unit length, C 断路器 represents the unit new circuit breaker construction cost, n represents the number of circuit breakers, C 扩建 LD+nC 断路器 D represents the annualized grid expansion cost.

[0064] The total cost of ensuring power supply reliability on the storage side can be quantified using the following formula, which includes the cost of building new energy storage, the cost of replacing energy storage, and the cost of operating and maintaining energy storage backup:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, C 初始投资 represents the initial investment cost of new energy storage, C 初始投资 D represents the annualized initial investment cost of new energy storage. 更换 Represents the capacity of the replacement energy storage, C 更换 Represents the replacement cost of energy storage batteries per unit capacity, C 更换 E 更换 D represents the annual energy storage battery replacement cost. 维护 Represents the unit backup power energy storage operation and maintenance cost, P 储 Represents the reserve power of energy storage, C 维护 P 储 T represents the annualized operation and maintenance cost after the energy storage is put into operation.

[0067] (2) Design differentiated power supply reliability assurance plans.

[0068] The cost of ensuring power supply reliability on the source-grid-storage side is summarized into two categories: grid investment cost and backup power supply installation cost.

[0069] For users with high reliability requirements, their reliability costs are mainly determined by the shared capacity costs. Users who apply for backup power supplies or backup lines must also consider their high reliability power supply service fees:

[0070]

[0071] in, Represents the reliability cost incurred to meet the reliability requirements of users with high reliability requirements; represents the capacity cost shared by user u; A binary variable indicating whether user u applies for high reliability power supply service; represents the cost of providing high reliability power supply service to user u; U (R) Represents a set of users that require high reliability.

[0072] For users with low reliability requirements, their reliability costs mainly come from the shared capacity costs. For users who participate in demand-side response and can provide capacity support value for the system, their capacity costs can be partially reduced or exempted according to the size of the capacity value they provide:

[0073]

[0074] in, Represents the reliability cost incurred to meet the reliability requirements of users with low reliability requirements; represents the capacity cost shared by user u; represents the capacity service reduction caused by user u participating in demand-side response and providing capacity value to the system; U (L) Represents a set of users with low reliability requirements.

[0075] (III) Construct a comprehensive reliability cost calculation model, including regional power capacity cost calculation and user high reliability fee calculation.

[0076] The regional power capacity cost calculation is determined by the power capacity mechanism and can be summarized as the total capacity purchase cost in the power capacity market.

[0077] Specifically, a marginal clearing model for the provincial capacity market is designed to evaluate the capacity cost of the system. The objective function of the designed clearing model is to maximize the overall social welfare of the system:

[0078]

[0079] in, Indicates the declared price of conventional capacity resource g, RMB·MW -1 ·Year -1 ; C g represents the trusted capacity of the conventional capacity resource g, MW; G represents the set of conventional capacity resources; Represents the declared price of renewable energy r, RMB·MW -1 ·Year -1 ; C r represents the credible capacity of renewable energy, MW; R represents the set of renewable energy components; Indicates the declared price of new energy storage resource e, RMB·MW -1 ·Year -1 ; C e Represents the credible capacity of new energy storage resources, MW; E represents the set of new energy storage resources.

[0080] The constraints of the designed clearing model include system capacity balance constraints and upper and lower bounds of capacity resource clearing. For the system capacity balance constraint, the total capacity cleared by the system should be as equal to the system capacity demand as possible:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, D sys represents the system capacity demand, MW. The left side of the above formula represents the system capacity supply.

[0083] For the clearing upper and lower bounds of capacity resources, the clearing capacity of a certain capacity resource should be less than or equal to its declared maximum capacity:

[0084]

[0085] in, Indicates the maximum credible capacity declared by the regular capacity resource g; It represents the maximum credible capacity declared by the renewable energy capacity resource r; It represents the maximum credible capacity declared by the new energy storage resource e. At the same time, the formula assumes that each capacity resource has only one capacity bid, that is, the price of its cleared capacity has nothing to do with the cleared volume, and the resource has only one bid price.

[0086] The calculation method of the credible capacity of conventional units is:

[0087] C g =CAP g ·FOR g ,g∈G

[0088] Among them, CAP g represents the installed capacity of the conventional capacity resource g; g Indicates the forced downtime rate of normal capacity resource g.

[0089] The calculation method of the reliable capacity of renewable energy units is:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, APE r represents the cumulative power generation of renewable energy capacity resource r during peak load period; T Peak Indicates the length of the system peak load period.

[0092] The calculation method of the credible capacity of new energy storage resources is:

[0093]

[0094] in, represents the cumulative discharge of the new energy storage resource e during the peak load period; S e C It represents the cumulative charging capacity of the new energy storage resource e during the peak load period.

[0095] The clearing price of the capacity market is pr C for:

[0096]

[0097] CONE represents the net cost of new units, RMB / MW -1 ·Year-1 ;SP sys represents the shadow price calculated by the system capacity balance constraint. The above formula indicates that the regional capacity clearing price is the net cost of a new unit in a certain area and SP sys This formula shows that when the net cost of new units is low, new units will enter the capacity market, and the capacity cost is higher than pr C The units will face the risk of being eliminated.

[0098] The user high reliability fee is calculated based on the principle of "whoever benefits, pays" and is the power supply service fee levied on the benefiting users.

[0099] With reference to the relevant regulations on the current high-reliability power supply charges in my country, users of high-reliability power supply adopt the application method. According to the principle of "whoever benefits, pays", the electricity users who apply for new installation and increase of power capacity of two or more circuits (including backup power supply and security power supply) shall bear the additional construction costs for users of high-reliability power supply. It can be expressed as:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, V u Indicates the voltage level connected to user u, kV; T u Indicates the transformer capacity of user u, kVA; A u The state matrix represents other factors related to the cost of high-reliability power supply, such as the number of increased power supply circuits, the type of increased power supply lines, etc.; f z (.) indicates the high reliability power supply charging method in region z.

[0102] At this point, a cost calculation model for providing differentiated power supply reliability has been built.

[0103] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the instructions, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order of the instructions. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0104] Corresponding to the aforementioned embodiment of the cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability, adopting the same technical concept, the present application also provides an embodiment of the cost calculation device for providing differentiated power supply reliability.

[0105] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cost calculation device for providing differentiated power supply reliability shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0106] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the cost calculation device for providing differentiated power supply reliability includes:

[0107] Cost calculation module 1 is used to calculate the annualized cost of each link of source-grid-storage to ensure power supply reliability;

[0108] Solution design module 2, used to design differentiated power supply reliability assurance solutions;

[0109] The model building module 3 is used to build a comprehensive reliability cost calculation model.

[0110] For the specific limitations on the cost calculation device for providing differentiated power supply reliability, please refer to the limitations on the cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability above, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the above-mentioned cost calculation device for providing differentiated power supply reliability can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to the above modules.

[0111] The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0112] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability, characterized in that: include: Calculate the annual cost of ensuring power supply reliability in each link of source-grid-storage; Design differentiated power supply reliability assurance solutions; Construct a comprehensive reliability cost calculation model.

2. The cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the annualized cost of each link of source-grid-storage to ensure power supply reliability adopts an equal annual value algorithm to calculate the cost of the source side, grid side and storage side respectively.

3. The cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cost of technical means to ensure power supply reliability on the source side can be quantified using the following formula, including the cost of new power supply, power supply replacement cost, and backup power supply operation cost: Where r is the discount rate and Y is the service life. The annualized cost can be obtained by converting the factor D of the equal annual value algorithm. T represents the working time of the power supply in a year. 初始 Represents the initial investment cost of the new power source, C 初始 D represents the annualized additional power cost. 更换 Represents the power replacement capacity, C 更换 Represents the unit power supply replacement capacity cost, P 更换 C 更换 D represents the annualized power supply replacement cost. 备用 Represents the power backup capacity, C 备用 Represents the unit power backup capacity operating cost, P 备用 C 备用 T represents the annualized power backup operating cost.

4. The cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cost of technical means to ensure power supply reliability on the grid side can be measured by the following formula, including the grid structure optimization cost and grid expansion cost: Among them, C 优化 represents the investment cost of grid structure optimization, C 优化 D represents the annualized grid structure optimization cost. L represents the line length, C 扩建 represents the construction cost of the new grid per unit length, C 断路器 represents the unit new circuit breaker construction cost, n represents the number of circuit breakers, C 扩建 LD+nC 断路器 D represents the annualized grid expansion cost.

5. The cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability according to claim 2, characterized in that: The total cost of ensuring power supply reliability on the storage side can be quantified using the following formula, which includes the cost of building new energy storage, the cost of replacing energy storage, and the cost of operating and maintaining energy storage backup: Among them, C 初始投资 represents the initial investment cost of new energy storage, C 初始投资 D represents the annualized initial investment cost of new energy storage. 更换 Represents the capacity of the replacement energy storage, C 更换 Represents the replacement cost of energy storage batteries per unit capacity, C 更换 E 更换 D represents the annual energy storage battery replacement cost. 维护 Represents the unit backup power energy storage operation and maintenance cost, P 储 Represents the reserve power of energy storage, C 维护 P 储 T represents the annualized operation and maintenance cost after the energy storage is put into operation.

6. The cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The design of a differentiated power supply reliability assurance solution further includes: The cost of ensuring power supply reliability on the source-grid-storage side is summarized into two categories: grid investment cost and backup power supply installation cost.

7. The cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction of the comprehensive reliability cost calculation model includes regional power capacity cost calculation and user high reliability fee calculation.

8. The cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability according to claim 7, characterized in that: The regional power capacity cost calculation is determined by the power capacity mechanism and can be summarized as the total capacity purchase cost in the power capacity market.

9. The cost calculation method for providing differentiated power supply reliability according to claim 7, characterized in that: The user high reliability fee is calculated based on the principle of "whoever benefits, pays" and is the power supply service fee levied on the benefiting users.

10. A cost calculation device for providing differentiated power supply reliability, characterized in that: include: Cost calculation module, used to calculate the annualized cost of each link of source-grid-storage to ensure power supply reliability; Solution design module, used to design differentiated power supply reliability assurance solutions; Model building module, used to build a comprehensive reliability cost calculation model.

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