Pepper blanket seedling raising method

Abstract

The invention provides a pepper blanket seedling raising method, and belongs to the technical field of pepper blanket seedling raising. The pepper blanket seedling raising method comprises the following steps: treating seeds; the seeds are subjected to germination accelerating treatment before sowing; adding clear water into a seedling substrate, uniformly stirring, filling into a tray, sufficiently watering the substrate by using a sprayer, selecting seeds with consistent germination, and uniformly spreading the seeds in a flat tray seedling tray filled with the seedling substrate; placing the seedling raising trays in a concentrated manner, covering the seedling raising trays with light-colored films, preserving heat and moisture, ensuring temperature, humidity and illumination conditions suitable for pepper seedling emergence through tidal irrigation, and further accelerating germination and primarily raising seedlings of pepper seeds; temperature and moisture management and fertilization are carried out during seedling raising; spraying an agent in the seedling raising tray for disease and pest control, and spraying 0.9 mg / L uniconazole on leaf surfaces of the pepper seedlings for multiple times at the same time; strong seedlings in the seedling raising plate are selected to be transplanted; the seedling raising method for the blanket-shaped pepper seedlings can solve the problems that existing blanket-shaped pepper seedlings are low in root system intertwining force and complex in seedling raising process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pepper blanket seedling cultivation, and in particular relates to a pepper blanket seedling cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] The blanket growth of peppers usually refers to the growth state of peppers in the seedling stage, especially its root system and plant morphology. In the seedling stage, especially when the growth is good, pepper seedlings may show a lush blanket growth, which can effectively improve photosynthesis and nutrient absorption.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with application number CN201810882903.5 (publication number CN109197502B) provides a method for cultivating pepper blanket seedlings, including preparing sterilized nutrient soil, traying, seed treatment, sowing, stacking trays to conserve moisture, placing trays to supplement moisture and transplanting. The method for cultivating pepper blanket seedlings of the present invention can cultivate high-density blanket pepper seedlings, with strong and uniform seedlings. Each seedling is connected by a matrix and a root system to form a blanket-like whole, which can be transplanted by a claw-type high-speed transplanter. During transplanting, no additional manual seedling delivery is required except for the driver, which saves labor, can greatly reduce labor intensity, improve work efficiency, and realize high-density large-scale production of peppers in the field; the method for cultivating pepper blanket seedlings of the present invention can cultivate more than 1,000 seedlings per tray, and only 3 to 4 seedling trays are needed for transplanting one acre. Compared with traditional pot seedlings, 140 seedling trays are saved, seedling cultivation land is saved, and land production efficiency is improved.

[0004] However, experiments have shown that the cultivation process of the above-mentioned pepper blanket seedlings is not only complicated, but also causes the cultivated blanket seedlings to have low root binding ability, affecting their coordination with automated transplanting equipment. It is difficult to take into account the transplanting quality, efficiency and cost control, and it is difficult to promote it. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for raising pepper blanket seedlings, which can solve the problems of low root coiling force and complicated seedling raising process of the existing pepper blanket seedlings.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for raising pepper blanket seedlings, which comprises the following specific steps:

[0008] S10: treating the seeds by drying, soaking and washing them in sequence;

[0009] S20: performing germination treatment on the treated seeds before sowing;

[0010] S30: adding clean water to the seedling medium and mixing well, watering the medium with a sprayer after placing it on a tray, selecting seeds with uniform germination and evenly sowing them on the flat seedling tray containing the seedling medium;

[0011] S40: placing the seedling trays together and covering them with light-colored films to keep them warm and moist, ensuring the temperature, humidity and light conditions suitable for pepper seedlings through tidal irrigation, and further germinating the pepper seeds and initially raising the seedlings;

[0012] S50: Temperature, water management and fertilization during seedling raising;

[0013] S60: spraying pesticides in the seedling tray for pest control, and spraying 0.9 mg / L of cloconazole on the leaves of pepper seedlings several times to increase the seedling index of pepper seedlings, increase the primary lateral root biomass, and increase the root binding force; spraying 20 mL per tray of seedlings each time to control the plant height of pepper seedlings and increase the root biomass of seedlings;

[0014] S70: Select strong seedlings in the seedling tray for transplanting to enhance the seedlings' stress resistance and improve the transplanting survival rate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: by sunning, soaking and scrubbing, the germs and impurities on the surface of the seeds can be effectively removed, and the vitality and germination rate of the seeds can be promoted. Sunning can increase the temperature of the seeds, soaking can provide moisture for the seeds, and scrubbing can remove the dirt on the outer shell. This step helps to improve the effect of subsequent germination. Germination treatment can further activate the physiological activities of the seeds, shorten the germination time, and improve the germination rate. By controlling the appropriate temperature and humidity, the seeds can form a stronger germination potential at this stage and promote the growth of the root system. After the seedling medium is fully mixed with water and watered, the moisture of the medium can be ensured and a suitable growth environment can be created. Evenly sowing seeds helps to ensure that each seed has enough space and nutrition, so as to achieve uniform germination. Placing the seedling trays together and covering them with light-colored films can maintain the temperature and humidity in the seedling trays. Through tidal irrigation, water can be effectively managed, a suitable growth environment can be created, and seed germination can be promoted. Scientific temperature and moisture management can ensure the health of pepper seedlings in the early growth stage. Fertilization provides the necessary nutrients, promotes the growth of roots and leaves, and improves the growth rate and stress resistance of seedlings. Spraying pesticides in the seedling tray can effectively prevent and control pests and diseases, ensuring the health of seedlings during growth. Timely prevention and control can avoid the spread of pests and diseases and reduce losses. Selecting strong seedlings for transplanting can improve the survival rate and growth quality after transplanting. Strong seedlings usually have well-developed root systems, strong resistance, can better adapt to new environments, enhance stress resistance, and promote subsequent growth and development.

[0016] Choose a greenhouse with good light transmittance and good heat preservation and moisture retention for seedling cultivation. Compared with the rice blanket seedling cultivation process, the cultivation of pepper blanket seedlings omits the step of stacking trays after sowing. Stacking trays means stacking the seedling trays together and covering them with light-colored films to achieve the purpose of moisture retention and heat preservation. For pepper seeds, the greenhouse seedbed can be covered by tidal irrigation and sunshade curtains to ensure the temperature, humidity and light conditions suitable for pepper seedlings, so there is no need to stack trays.

[0017] On the basis of the above technical scheme, a method for raising pepper blanket seedlings of the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0018] Among them, the seedling tray adopts one of non-spaced and semi-spaced, the sowing matrix adopts a high-temperature sterilized mixed matrix, the volume ratio of the matrix to the soil is 7:3, the matrix organic matter content is ≥45%, the free water content is ≤30%, the pH value is 5.5-8.5, the bulk density is 0.5-0.7, and the total porosity is less than 60%; it has strong water-drawing and water-holding capacity, and stable physical and chemical properties.

[0019] The size of the seedling tray is 58 cm long, 28 cm wide and 2.5 cm high.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above improved scheme are as follows: the proportion of the mixed matrix mainly plays the role of:

[0021] (1) Provide sufficient nutrients: The mixed matrix contains the main nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. required for plant growth, as well as other trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, boron, zinc, etc. These elements are essential for the growth of the aboveground and underground parts of pepper seedlings;

[0022] (2) Promote root development: Compared with pure substrate seedling cultivation, mixed substrates usually have better physical structure, which is more conducive to the entanglement of roots and less likely to loosen. It has appropriate porosity, good water retention and drainage, which helps the plant roots to expand and penetrate deep into the soil, thereby enhancing the plant's ability to absorb water and fertilizer;

[0023] (3) Increase growth rate: Since the nutrients in the mixed matrix are sufficient and easy for plants to absorb, the use of nutrient soil can speed up the growth of plants, making them grow faster and healthier;

[0024] (4) Improve soil structure: The addition of mixed matrix can improve the physical properties of the soil, such as increasing soil aeration and water retention, which is beneficial to root growth and the activity of soil microorganisms.

[0025] Furthermore, the specific steps of treating the seeds, and sequentially drying, soaking, and scrubbing the seeds include:

[0026] The first step is to expose the seeds to the sun for 2-3 hours to kill the germs on the seeds;

[0027] The second step is to soak the seeds in 55°C warm water for about 15 minutes, and then soak them in 30°C warm water for about 4 to 6 hours.

[0028] The third step is to rub the seeds repeatedly after soaking and rinse them with clean water.

[0029] Furthermore, the specific steps of germinating the treated seeds before sowing include:

[0030] After the disinfected seeds are soaked in 60℃ hot water for 10 hours, the seeds are wrapped in a towel or gauze and placed in a 25℃ germination room for 4 days to germinate. After germination, the seeds are taken out and dried.

[0031] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the germination treatment before sowing can improve the seed germination rate and the uniformity of seedling emergence.

[0032] Furthermore, the sowing density of pepper seeds in the seedling tray is 1000 seeds / tray, which is used to ensure a stable germination rate of pepper while improving the root system of the pepper seedlings;

[0033] Evenly cover the top of the seedling tray with a layer of vermiculite with a thickness of 0.8 to 1 cm.

[0034] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: when the sowing density is greater than 1000 seeds / tray, the germination rate of pepper tends to be stable, the seed germination rate is high, the seedlings have good root system, thick stems, short internodes, tall plants, fresh and heavy roots, and high dry matter accumulation; and this sowing density can greatly improve the root coiling force of the pepper blanket seedlings, meeting production requirements.

[0035] Furthermore, the temperature for germinating the pepper seeds is 25-30°C, the temperature for initial seedling cultivation is 20-25°C, the air humidity is 70% to 80%, and the soil moisture is maintained at about 70% of the field water holding capacity.

[0036] Furthermore, temperature management during seedling cultivation includes the following processes:

[0037] Before the pepper seeds in the seedling tray germinate, the temperature in the greenhouse should be maintained at 25-28°C during the day and 20-22°C at night; the seeds that have been germinated will germinate in about 6-7 days;

[0038] When the emergence rate of pepper seeds in the seedling tray reaches more than 70%, uncover the film. When the daytime temperature is higher than 28°C, open the outer film appropriately for ventilation. When the temperature gradually drops in the afternoon, cover the outer film.

[0039] When the pepper is in the seedling stage, the growth temperature is 20-28℃ during the day, 15-17℃ at night, and the relative humidity of the air is 70%-80%.

[0040] Further, the steps for humidity management during seedling cultivation include:

[0041] The first watering after sowing in the seedling tray should be such that water can be seen at the bottom of the tray but does not drip out.

[0042] After germination, keep the substrate dry and moist, and the moisture content of the substrate should be kept at 25% to 35%;

[0043] In fine weather, irrigate once around 9:00 every day. If there is dryness in some areas in the afternoon, use a spray gun to add water.

[0044] Further, the steps performed during seedling cultivation are:

[0045] When the pepper seeds grow one true leaf, combine irrigation and topdressing. Use humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, 300-600 times topdressing 4-5 times;

[0046] The material content ratio of the fertilizer is N: P2O5: K2O = 10: 5: 5 or N: P2O5: K2O = 5: 5: 10.

[0047] Furthermore, the strong seedlings have intact cotyledons, thick stems, well-developed primary lateral roots, dark green and thick leaves, short internodes, and no disease spots or insect pests.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the pepper blanket seedling raising method provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] (1) The existing method of raising seedlings of pepper blanket seedlings imitates the cultivation process of rice. Since the rice area is too large, in order to save space, it is necessary to stack trays to preserve moisture after sowing. However, the area of ​​pepper blanket seedlings is small and the seedlings emerge quickly, so there is no need for stacking trays, thereby simplifying the existing seedling raising process;

[0050] (2) The existing method of raising pepper blanket seedlings uses nutrient soil similar to that used for rice blanket seedlings, that is, soil is the main material with some organic matter, fertilizers, and medicines added. The mixed matrix used in this article is also added with some sieved fine soil, with a volume ratio of 7:3, which can provide sufficient nutrients, promote root development, increase growth rate, and improve soil structure;

[0051] (3) Through the reasonable seedling density and the application of mixed matrix in this article, after the pepper roots extend, the roots form an intertwined state between the matrix and the seedling tray, forming a higher root entanglement force that can cooperate with automated transplanting equipment.

[0052] (4) The use of uniconazole can effectively inhibit the synthesis of gibberellins in plants, thereby controlling the vegetative growth of plants, reducing plant height, controlling the leggy growth of seedlings, promoting the development of plant roots, and improving the stress resistance of crops. In the cultivation process of pepper blanket seedlings, the use of uniconazole can increase the primary lateral root biomass, increase the seedling index, enhance the photosynthesis of plants, and promote the accumulation of photosynthetic products.

[0053] (5) This seedling raising method has the advantages of being light, simplified, large-scale, intensive and mechanized. It can be matched with a high-speed transplanter to solve the problems of high cost, low efficiency and low integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy in the pepper transplanting process. It can achieve the effect of coiling into a blanket, lifting and rolling, and the root coiling force reaches 18N, which initially possesses good transplanting characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0055] Figure 1 The present invention is an operation flow chart of a method for raising pepper blanket seedlings;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a picture of the root entanglement of the pepper blanket seedlings;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a picture of the growth of a single pepper plant after the pepper blanket seedlings were transplanted;

[0058] Figure 4 This is the growth diagram of pepper blanket seedlings at 30 days old;

[0059] Figure 5 This is the growth diagram of pepper blanket seedlings at 60 days old;

[0060] Figure 6 This is a leaf diagram of the pepper blanket seedlings;

[0061] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional root system diagram of pepper blanket seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0063] like Figure 1-7 FIG. 1 is an operation flow chart of a method for raising pepper blanket seedlings provided by the present invention, and the method comprises the following specific steps:

[0064] S10: treating the seeds by drying, soaking and washing them in sequence;

[0065] S20: performing germination treatment on the treated seeds before sowing;

[0066] S30: adding clean water to the seedling medium and mixing well, generally the amount of water added is enough to knead into a ball by hand; after placing on the tray, water the medium with a sprayer, and select seeds with uniform germination and evenly sow them on the flat tray containing the seedling medium;

[0067] S40: placing the seedling trays together and covering them with light-colored films to keep them warm and moist, ensuring the temperature, humidity and light conditions suitable for pepper seedlings through tidal irrigation, and further germinating the pepper seeds and initially raising the seedlings;

[0068] S50: Temperature, water management and fertilization during seedling raising;

[0069] S60: spraying pesticides in the seedling tray for pest control, and spraying 0.9 mg / L of cloconazole on the leaves of pepper seedlings several times to increase the seedling index of pepper seedlings, increase the primary lateral root biomass, and increase the root binding force; spraying 20 mL per tray of seedlings each time to control the plant height of pepper seedlings and increase the root biomass of seedlings;

[0070] S70: Select strong seedlings in the seedling tray for transplanting to enhance the seedlings' stress resistance and improve the transplanting survival rate.

[0071] 7 to 10 days before transplanting, reduce the number and amount of watering for pepper seedlings to apply drought stress. Gradually increase the ventilation volume and extend the ventilation time. After 5 to 7 days, ventilation should be achieved day and night. Follow the principle of "more ventilation on sunny days, less ventilation on cloudy days, and no ventilation on rainy days". The daytime temperature should be controlled at 18 to 20 degrees Celsius, and the nighttime temperature should be controlled at 13 to 15 degrees Celsius. This will enhance the resistance of seedlings to stress and improve the survival rate of transplanting.

[0072] Common diseases of pepper seedlings are anthracnose, damping-off, damping-off, blight, virus diseases, etc. Common pests of pepper seedlings are whiteflies, aphids, whiteflies, etc. Generally, spray 1500 times of azoxystrobin or 3000 times of carbendazim after the seedlings emerge, and spray once every 5 to 7 days. To prevent virus diseases, you can use 20mL of fenoxan, 150mL of amino acids and 50g of multi-micro fertilizer to 40kg of water, spray once every 5 to 7 days, and spray twice in a row. If there are cabbage worms and diamondback moths, spray 2000 times of matrine 1 to 2 times. Whiteflies can be controlled with 1000 times of 2.5% cypermethrin wettable powder or 1500 times of 10% imidacloprid.

[0073] Among them, in the above technical scheme, the seedling tray adopts one of non-spaced and semi-spaced, the sowing matrix adopts a high-temperature sterilized mixed matrix, the volume ratio of the matrix to the soil is 7:3, the matrix organic matter content is ≥45%, the total nutrients nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium (on a dry basis) is ≥1%, the moisture (free water content) is ≤30%, the pH value is 5.5-8.5, the bulk density is 0.5-0.7, and the total porosity is less than 60%;

[0074] The dimensions of the seedling tray are 58cm long, 28cm wide and 2.5cm high.

[0075] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the specific steps of treating the seeds, and sequentially drying, soaking, and scrubbing the seeds include:

[0076] The first step is to expose the seeds to the sun for 2-3 hours to kill the germs on the seeds;

[0077] The second step is to soak the seeds in 55°C warm water for about 15 minutes, and then soak them in 30°C warm water for about 4 to 6 hours.

[0078] The third step is to rub the seeds repeatedly after soaking and rinse them with clean water.

[0079] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the specific steps of subjecting the treated seeds to germination treatment before sowing include:

[0080] After the disinfected seeds are soaked in 60℃ hot water for 10 hours, the seeds are wrapped in a towel or gauze and placed in a 25℃ germination room for 4 days to germinate. After germination, the seeds are taken out and dried.

[0081] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the sowing density of pepper seeds in the seedling tray is 1000 seeds / tray, which is used to ensure a stable germination rate of pepper while improving the root system of the pepper blanket seedlings;

[0082] As shown in Table 1, the experiment set up four treatments, with sowing densities of 1500 seeds / tray, 1000 seeds / tray, 600 seeds / tray, and 400 seeds / tray, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The results showed that with the increase of sowing density, the germination rate of pepper increased; when the sowing density was greater than 1000 seeds / tray, the germination rate of pepper tended to be stable, the seed germination rate was high, the seedling root system was good, the stem was thick, the internodes were short, the plant was tall, the root was fresh and dry, and the dry matter accumulation was high; and this sowing density can greatly improve the root system of pepper blanket seedlings, which meets the production requirements.

[0083] Cover the top of the seedling tray evenly with a layer of vermiculite, with a thickness of 0.8 to 1 cm. Cover the seedling tray with a film after sowing. In order to maintain the temperature and humidity of the seedling tray, in addition to heating, you can cover the seedling tray with a plastic film or a ground film for protection. Uncover it at around 9:00 am and cover it at around 4:00 pm.

[0084] Table 1 Various indicators of pepper seedling growth under different sowing densities Table 1:Various indicators of pepper seedling growth under different sowing densities

[0085]

[0086] Table 1

[0087]

[0088] Note: The data in the table are the average of 3 times, and different letters in the same column indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).

[0089] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the temperature for germinating pepper seeds is 25-30°C, the temperature for initial seedling cultivation is 20-25°C, the air humidity is 70% to 80%, and the soil moisture is maintained at about 70% of the field water holding capacity.

[0090] As shown in Table 2-3, the experiment used the pepper variety "Yangjiaojiao No. 70" as the material and studied the effects of constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25, and 30°C on the germination of pepper seeds.

[0091] The results show that:

[0092] (1) When germination was accelerated at 25°C, the germination rate, germination potential, and germination index of pepper seeds reached 97%, 19%, and 24.31, respectively. The height and taproot length of pepper seedlings increased, and the fresh and dry weights of the above-ground and underground parts of the seedlings reached the maximum, which were 18.51 and 9.04 g and 2.35 and 0.83 g, respectively. There was no significant difference in the growth of pepper seedlings at other temperatures.

[0093] (2) Different germination temperatures have different effects on the root activity of pepper seedlings. The root activity of pepper seedlings treated at 20 and 25℃ is the strongest, which are 107.0 and 109.4μg·g-1FW·h-1 respectively, which is conducive to the formation of blanket seedlings.

[0094] The experiment concluded that the suitable temperature for seed germination is 25-30℃. It is difficult to germinate below 15℃. The suitable temperature for the seedling stage is 25-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night. The air humidity is 70%-80%, and the soil moisture should be maintained at about 70% of the field water holding capacity.

[0095] Table 2 Effects of different temperatures on germination rate, germination potential and germination index of pepper seeds

[0096] Table 2:Effects of different temperatures on the germination rate,germination potential,and germination index of chili seeds

[0098]

[0099] Table 3 Effects of different temperatures on aboveground and underground dry and fresh weights and root activity of pepper seedlings

[0100] Table 3:Effects of different temperatures on aboveground andunderground dry and fresh weight and rootvitality of chili seedlings

[0102]

[0103] Note: The data in the table are the average of 3 times, and different letters in the same column indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).

[0104] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, temperature management during seedling cultivation includes the following process:

[0105] Before the pepper seeds in the seedling tray germinate, the temperature in the greenhouse should be maintained at 25-28°C during the day and 20-22°C at night; the seeds that have been germinated will germinate in about 6-7 days;

[0106] When the emergence rate of pepper seeds in the seedling tray reaches more than 70%, uncover the film. When the daytime temperature is higher than 28°C, open the outer film appropriately for ventilation. When the temperature gradually drops in the afternoon, cover the outer film.

[0107] When the pepper is in the seedling stage, the growth temperature is 20-28℃ during the day, 15-17℃ at night, and the relative humidity of the air is 70%-80%.

[0108] As shown in Table 4, the experimental results of the effects of different substrate moisture contents on the growth of pepper seedlings, further, in the above technical solution, the step of humidity management during seedling cultivation includes:

[0109] The first watering after sowing in the seedling tray should be such that water can be seen at the bottom of the tray but does not drip out.

[0110] After germination, keep the substrate dry and moist, and the moisture content of the substrate should be kept at 25% to 35%;

[0111] Irrigate once around 9:00 a.m. every day in sunny weather. If the soil is partially dry in the afternoon, water can be added with a spray gun. The amount of water should not be too large at one time. Water should be properly controlled on rainy days to prevent the seedlings from growing too tall.

[0112] Table 4 Effects of different substrate moisture contents on the growth of pepper seedlings Table 4 Effects of different substrate moisture contents on the growth of chili seedlings

[0113]

[0114] Note: The data in the table are the average of 3 times, and different letters in the same column indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).

[0115] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the steps performed during seedling cultivation are:

[0116] When pepper seeds grow one true leaf, combine irrigation and topdressing, and use humic acid water-soluble fertilizer as fertilizer, 300-600 times topdressing 4-5 times; determine the concentration and frequency of fertilization according to weather conditions and seedling growth. This ratio of humic acid water-soluble fertilizer is rich in polysaccharides, multiple amino acids, trace elements and other ingredients, which can stimulate crop rooting, strengthen roots, promote the development of lateral roots, increase the number of lateral roots, and facilitate the intertwining of roots, while enhancing the resistance of blanket seedlings.

[0117] The material content ratio of the fertilizer is N: P2O5: K2O = 10: 5: 5 or N: P2O5: K2O = 5: 5: 10.

[0118] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the cotyledons of the strong seedlings are intact, the stems are thick, the primary lateral roots are well-developed, the leaves are dark green and thick, the internodes are short, and there are no disease spots or insect pests.

[0119] Uniconazole is a plant growth regulator, belonging to the triazole class of compounds, which can effectively inhibit the synthesis of gibberellins in plants, thereby controlling the vegetative growth of plants, reducing plant height, controlling the leggy growth of seedlings, promoting the development of plant roots, and improving the stress resistance of crops. In pepper cultivation, the application of Uniconazole can increase the seedling index, enhance plant photosynthesis, and promote the accumulation of photosynthetic products. The specific operation is as follows:

[0120] Pepper seedlings are generally raised from late February to mid-March. The seedling matrix is ​​prepared with peat, vermiculite and perlite in a volume ratio of 3:1:1. The spraying agent is 5% chloranil wettable powder. Before raising seedlings, 0.9 mg / L chloranil should be prepared and sprayed on the leaves when the pepper cotyledons, 2 true leaves and 4 true leaves are flattened, respectively. Each tray of seedlings is sprayed with 20 mL each time. This method reduces the plant height of pepper seedlings and increases the stem thickness of seedlings. At a concentration of 0.9 mg / L, it can significantly improve the seedling index of pepper (seedling index = (stem thickness / plant height + root dry weight / aboveground dry weight) × whole plant dry weight).

[0121] The plant height of screw pepper and ox-horn pepper is 18-20cm, the stem thickness is 3-4mm, the plant height of line pepper is 13-14cm, the stem thickness is 1.5-2mm, it has six leaves and one heart, the root binding force is not less than 15N, the seedling age for spring seedlings is 50-55 days, the seedling age for summer seedlings is 40-45 days, the seedling age for autumn and winter seedlings is 45-50 days, and the seedling age for winter and spring seedlings is about 50 days.

[0122] Specifically, the principle of the present invention is as follows: when in use, the seeds are processed, and the seeds are sequentially subjected to the processes of drying, soaking and scrubbing; the processed seeds are subjected to germination treatment before sowing; the seedling medium is added with clean water and mixed evenly, and the medium is watered with sufficient water after being placed in a tray, and seeds with uniform germination are selected and evenly sown in a flat tray seedling tray containing the seedling medium; the seedling trays are centrally placed and covered with a light-colored film for heat preservation and moisture retention, and the temperature, humidity and light conditions suitable for the emergence of pepper seedlings are ensured through tidal irrigation, so as to perform germination of pepper seeds. Further germination and preliminary seedling raising are carried out; temperature, water management and fertilization are carried out during seedling raising; pesticides are sprayed in the seedling tray for disease and pest control, and 0.9 mg / L of thiamethoxam is sprayed on the leaves of the pepper seedlings several times to increase the seedling index of the pepper seedlings, increase the primary lateral root biomass, and increase the root disk strength. Each tray of seedlings is sprayed with 20 mL each time to control the plant height of the pepper seedlings and increase the root biomass of the seedlings; the strong seedlings in the seedling tray are selected for transplanting to enhance the seedling resistance and improve the transplant survival rate.

Claims

1. A method for raising pepper blanket seedlings, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S10: treating the seeds by drying, soaking and washing them in sequence; S20: performing germination treatment on the treated seeds before sowing; S30: adding clean water to the seedling medium and mixing well, watering the medium with a sprayer after placing it on a tray, selecting seeds with uniform germination and evenly sowing them on the flat seedling tray containing the seedling medium; S40: placing the seedling trays together and covering them with light-colored films to keep them warm and moist, ensuring the temperature, humidity and light conditions suitable for pepper seedlings through tidal irrigation, and further germinating the pepper seeds and initially raising the seedlings; S50: Temperature, water management and fertilization during seedling raising; S60: spraying pesticides in the seedling tray for pest control, and spraying 0.9 mg / L of cloconazole on the leaves of pepper seedlings several times to increase the seedling index of pepper seedlings, increase the primary lateral root biomass, and increase the root binding force; spraying 20 mL per tray of seedlings each time to control the plant height of pepper seedlings and increase the root biomass of seedlings; S70: Select strong seedlings in the seedling tray for transplanting to enhance the seedlings' stress resistance and improve the transplanting survival rate.

2. A method for raising pepper blanket seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling tray adopts one of no-spacer and half-spacer, the sowing matrix adopts a high-temperature sterilized mixed matrix, the volume ratio of the matrix to the soil is 7:3, the matrix organic matter content is ≥45%, the free water content is ≤30%, the pH value is 5.5-8.5, the bulk density is 0.5-0.7, and the total porosity is less than 60%; The size of the seedling tray is 58 cm long, 28 cm wide and 2.5 cm high.

3. A method for raising pepper blanket seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of treating the seeds, and sequentially drying, soaking, and scrubbing the seeds include: The first step is to expose the seeds to the sun for 2-3 hours to kill the germs on the seeds; The second step is to soak the seeds in 55°C warm water for about 15 minutes, and then soak them in 30°C warm water for about 4 to 6 hours. The third step is to rub the seeds repeatedly after soaking and rinse them with clean water.

4. A method for raising pepper blanket seedlings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps of carrying out germination treatment on the treated seeds before sowing include: After the disinfected seeds are soaked in 60℃ hot water for 10 hours, the seeds are wrapped in a towel or gauze and placed in a 25℃ germination room for 4 days to germinate. After germination, the seeds are taken out and dried.

5. A method for raising pepper blanket seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sowing density of pepper seeds in the seedling tray is 1000 seeds / tray, which is used to ensure a stable germination rate of pepper while improving the root system of the pepper seedlings; Evenly cover the top of the seedling tray with a layer of vermiculite with a thickness of 0.8 to 1 cm.

6. A method for raising pepper blanket seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature for germinating pepper seeds is 25-30° C., the temperature for initial seedling raising is 20-25° C., the air humidity is 70% to 80%, and the soil moisture is maintained at about 70% of the field water holding capacity.

7. A method for raising pepper blanket seedlings according to claim 6, characterized in that: Temperature management during seedling raising includes the following processes: Before the pepper seeds in the seedling tray germinate, the temperature in the greenhouse should be maintained at 25-28°C during the day and 20-22°C at night; the seeds that have been germinated will germinate in about 6-7 days; When the emergence rate of pepper seeds in the seedling tray reaches more than 70%, uncover the film. When the daytime temperature is higher than 28°C, open the outer film appropriately for ventilation. When the temperature gradually drops in the afternoon, cover the outer film. When the pepper is in the seedling stage, the growth temperature is 20-28℃ during the day, 15-17℃ at night, and the relative humidity of the air is 70%-80%.

8. A method for raising pepper blanket seedlings according to claim 7, characterized in that: Steps to humidity management when growing seedlings include: The first watering after sowing in the seedling tray should be such that water can be seen at the bottom of the tray but does not drip out. After germination, keep the substrate dry and moist, and the moisture content of the substrate should be kept at 25% to 35%; In fine weather, irrigate once around 9:00 every day. If there is dryness in some areas in the afternoon, use a spray gun to add water.

9. A method for raising pepper blanket seedlings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steps to be taken during seedling raising are: When the pepper seeds grow one true leaf, combine irrigation and topdressing. Use humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, 300-600 times topdressing 4-5 times; The material content ratio of the fertilizer is: N: P2O5: K2O = 10: 5: 5 or N: P2O5: K2O = 5: 5:

10.

10. A method for raising pepper blanket seedlings according to claim 9, characterized in that: The strong seedlings have intact cotyledons, thick stems, developed primary lateral roots, dark green and thick leaves, short internodes, and are free of disease spots and insect pests.

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