Pelletized pod pepper seed coating and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a pelletized pod pepper seed coating. The coating comprises the following components: perlite, vermiculite, bentonite, turf and silica gel powder. The preparation method of the pelletized pod pepper seed coating comprises the following steps: seed selection, uniform mixing of a filling agent, inner-layer coating, outer-layer coating, addition of a biological agent, drying and storage. A processing method of inner and outer layers is adopted, so that uniform wrapping can be realized under the condition that an adhesive is not used, the air permeability and water permeability of the coating are ensured, and the coating can be in full contact with soil to breed and enhance the microbial activity by adopting an outer-wrapping microbial agent adding mode; the defects that existing pelletized seeds are prone to being bonded when encountering water, low in germination rate, poor in germination potential and the like are overcome, the adverse effect of use of a binder on the soil environment is overcome, and the technical problems that in the prior art, under adverse conditions, pod pepper pelletized seeds are difficult to germinate and emerge, and the seedling quality is not high are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed pelleting, in particular to a pelletized chili pepper seed coating and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Seed pelleting refers to a technical method that uses pelleting equipment and various fillers to increase the volume of a single seed and its weight. Seeds coated with pelleting technology can not only improve the performance of mechanized sowing and meet the needs of mechanized precision sowing, but also improve the growth environment of seedlings, promote the growth of seedlings, and achieve the high standards of complete, uniform, and strong seedlings. At the same time, adding pesticides, fungicides, fertilizers, and other active substances to pelletized seeds in layers can provide a good "microenvironment" for seed germination and seedling growth.

[0003] At present, the research on seed pelletization in China is still in its infancy. Commonly used coating materials include bentonite, attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite and talc. Although these materials are low in cost, their applicability is poor. Due to the limitations of the materials themselves, especially in soil environments with different moisture conditions, there are large differences in the germination effects of seeds. In addition, the use of adhesives also has certain negative effects on the soil environment. The conventional addition method of microbial components is to mix them with fillers, which may reduce the activity of microorganisms, and because the air permeability of the material is greatly reduced after contacting water, the activity of microorganisms is further affected. Therefore, the present invention provides a pelletized chili pepper seed coating and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a pelletized chili pepper seed coating and a preparation method thereof, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the existing pelletized seeds such as easy adhesion when exposed to water, low germination rate, poor germination potential, and the adverse effects of the use of binders on the soil environment, solve the technical difficulties in the prior art of the chili pepper pelletized seeds being difficult to germinate and the seedling quality being low under unfavorable conditions, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pelletized chili pepper seed coating, the coating comprising the following components: perlite, vermiculite, bentonite, peat, silica gel powder, and the outer layer of the coating is wrapped with a biological bacterial agent.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the mass percentages of the perlite, vermiculite, bentonite, peat and silica gel powder are (20-40): (30-50): (10-20): (5-15): (5-15).

[0007] A method for preparing the pelletized chili pepper seed coating according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the following steps: S1. Seed selection: Selecting the pepper seeds to be processed; S2. Filler mixing: Put the filler mixture of bentonite, peat, and silica gel powder and the mixture of perlite and vermiculite into an automatic powder mixer according to the proportion, mix them thoroughly, and rotate them at 30 rpm for 30 min to obtain two portions of filler mixture for standby use; S3, inner coating: Place the seeds in a pelletizing pot, set the pelletizing machine speed to 800 rpm, and as the drum rotates, add a mixture of bentonite, peat, silica gel powder and aqueous solution to coat the seeds, so that an inner coating with adhesion but no agglomeration is formed on the surface, until the pellets are processed into a size of about 4 mm, and polish at 800 rpm for 5 minutes; S4, outer coating: Then, the mixture of perlite and vermiculite and the aqueous solution are added to coat again to form an outer coating with surface adhesion but no agglomeration, until the pellet size is about 5 mm, and polishing is continued at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes to form a uniformly sized circle; S5, adding biological agents: putting the pelletized seeds after the inner and outer layers of coating into the pelletizer again, setting the speed of the pelletizer to 600 rpm, adding aqueous solution until the surface of the pellets is wet, and adding microbial agents for coating; S6, drying: drying the pelletized pepper seeds obtained by the above treatment at 34° C. for 4 hours; S7. Storage: The pelletized chili pepper seeds obtained through the above treatment are stored in a sealed state at low temperature.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the microbial agent includes one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis and Gliocladium roseum.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the content of the microbial agent accounts for 2%-10% of the weight of the inner coating, the outer coating and the microbial agent composition.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The method for preparing the pelletized chili pepper seed coating exemplified in the present invention is based on a mixture of microbial agents and inert filling materials as the outer layer structure to form pelletized seeds, and adopts an external microbial agent addition method in the pelleting process, aiming to enable it to fully contact and reproduce with the soil and enhance the activity of microorganisms.

[0011] The method for preparing the pelletized chili pepper seed coating of the present invention adopts an inner and outer two-layer processing method, so that even wrapping can be achieved without using an adhesive, and the air and water permeability of the coating can be ensured.

[0012] The pelletized chili pepper seed coating exemplified in the present invention has a perlite-based formula that can increase the mechanical strength while increasing the air permeability of the pellet structure. The use of silica gel powder as an anti-caking agent is conducive to the decomposition and dispersion of the pellets when encountering water. The optimal proportion of bentonite and vermiculite can ensure the hardness of the pellets while having a bonding effect, avoiding the impact of the use of binders such as polyvinyl alcohol on the soil environment. The present invention uses a composite bacterial agent, which can significantly improve the quality of seedlings and promote the root development of chili pepper seedlings; this solution is suitable for processing in a pelletizing coating machine, which is convenient for forming pelletized chili pepper seeds with good appearance, uniform size, and high mechanical strength, meeting the technical requirements of mechanized sowing and precision sowing; the present invention has the characteristics of easy operation and use, controllable cost, obvious benefits, and adaptability to the needs of modern agricultural development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a process flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a picture of the seedling growth in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the pelletized product of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] See also Figure 1-3 : A pelletized chili pepper seed coating comprises the following components: perlite, vermiculite, bentonite, peat and silica gel powder; the outer layer of the coating is wrapped with a biological bacterial agent; the mass percentages of perlite, vermiculite, bentonite, peat and silica gel powder are (20-40): (30-50): (10-20): (5-15): (5-15).

[0016] Furthermore, the microbial agent includes one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis and Gliocladium roseum.

[0017] Furthermore, the physical form of the microbial agent is a wettable powder.

[0018] Furthermore, the effective ingredient of the microbial agent is 100 billion / gram. Example

[0019] A preparation method based on pelletized chili pepper seed coating comprises the following steps: S1. Seed selection: Select the pepper seeds to be processed to obtain target seeds CK; S2. Mixing raw materials: Put the mixture of bentonite, peat, and silica gel powder as fillers and the mixture of perlite and vermiculite into an automatic powder mixer in proportion and fully premix them. Mix them at 30 rpm for 30 min to obtain two portions of filler mixture for standby use. S3, inner coating: Place the seeds in a pelletizing pot, set the pelletizing machine speed to 800 rpm, and as the drum rotates, add a mixture of bentonite, peat, silica gel powder and aqueous solution to coat the seeds, so that an inner coating with adhesion but no agglomeration is formed on the surface, until the pellets are processed into a size of about 4 mm, and polish at 800 rpm for 5 minutes; S4, outer coating: Then, the mixture of perlite and vermiculite and the aqueous solution are added to coat again to form an outer coating with surface adhesion but no agglomeration, until the pellet size is about 5 mm, and polishing is continued at 1000 rpm for 5 min to form a uniformly sized circle, thereby obtaining the target seed T1; S5, adding biological agents: the pelletized seeds after the inner and outer layers of coating are put into the pelletizer again, the speed of the pelletizer is set to 600 rpm, the aqueous solution is added until the surface of the pellets is wet, and a wettable powder mixed with Bacillus subtilis and Gliocladium roseum is sprayed on the outermost layer of the seeds to obtain the target seeds J1; S6, drying: drying the pelletized pepper seeds obtained by the above treatment at 34° C. for 4 hours; S7. Storage: The pelletized chili pepper seeds obtained through the above treatment are stored in a sealed state at low temperature.

[0020] The content of the microbial agent accounts for 5-8% of the weight of the inner coating, the outer coating and the microbial agent composition.

[0021] This example uses seeds J1 prepared by the above preparation method as the experimental group, and seeds CK and seeds T1 as the control group to conduct the following experiment, so that the experimental group and the control group are placed in the same environment for culture comparison: Seed germination ability was determined using seedling trays. Pelleted seeds were planted in trays of seedling medium, with 3 replicates for each formula and 100 seeds in each replicate. The room temperature was maintained at around 28°C, and 12 hours of light was provided per day for germination determination. The number of germinations was observed and counted every day (with cotyledon exposure as the standard). The germination potential was counted 3 days after the start of the experiment, and the germination rate was counted 7 days later. On the 21st day, 3 plants were randomly selected from each replicate to measure plant height and stem diameter.

[0022] Germination index determination: The germination potential and germination rate of seeds were measured. The calculation methods of each index are as follows: Germination potential = number of seeds germinated at the peak of germination / number of seeds tested × 100%; Germination rate = (number of germinated seeds / number of test seeds) × 100%.

[0023] Seedling quality determination: The plant height, stem diameter and above-ground dry mass of seeds were measured.

[0024] On the 21st day, three plants were randomly selected from each replicate, and the plant height and stem diameter were measured and the average values ​​were taken.

[0025] The germination results in the embodiment are shown in Table 1 below:

[0026] The growth of seedlings in the embodiment is shown in Table 2:

[0027] As can be seen from the examples, the pelletized seeds T1 that were not treated with biological agents had no significant difference in the effect on seed germination and seedling growth compared with naked seeds, indicating that the coating material had no significant effect on seed germination. However, when comparing the experimental group J1 (treated with Bacillus subtilis and Glechoma rosea) with the control groups T1 and CK (not treated with bacterial agents), the seed germination rate and seedling growth of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group; this result shows that the microbial pelleting formula used in the present invention has a good growth-promoting effect on seeds. In addition, the treatment without adding bacterial agents did not achieve the best effect.

[0028] By adopting the synergistic treatment of Bacillus subtilis and Glechoma roseum of the present invention, the germination rate of seeds is not less than 95%, the germination potential is not less than 76%, J1 increases by about 32.93% and 19.19% relative to the germination potential of T1 and CK, respectively, and J1 increases by about 7.09% and 4.36% relative to the germination potential of T1 and CK, respectively. In the seedling stage, J1 increases by about 21.05% relative to the plant height of T1, and the stem thickness increases by about 10.53%, J1 increases by about 23.74% relative to the plant height of CK, and the stem thickness increases by about 6.52%. J1 has a significant improvement in plant height compared with T1 and CK. This shows that the synergistic treatment of Bacillus subtilis and Glechoma roseum has a significant effect on promoting seed germination and seedling growth.

[0029] In the preparation method of the pelletized chili pepper seed coating exemplified in the present invention, the role of the filler is mainly to increase the weight and improve the mechanical sowing performance of the pelletized seeds. The inert filling material is required to have the functions of air permeability, water permeability, water and fertilizer retention, and also to have certain adhesion and compressive strength. According to the physical properties of various materials, this technology preferably mixes bentonite, perlite, vermiculite, peat, and silica gel powder in a mass ratio. In this formula, bentonite and vermiculite have the functions of acting as fillers and bonding, and various materials are selected for use in the processing technology; in addition, the inner and outer two-layer processing method is adopted, so that it can be evenly wrapped without using an adhesive, and the air permeability and water permeability of the coating are guaranteed.

[0030] The method for preparing the pelletized chili pepper seed coating exemplified in the present invention is based on a mixture of microbial agents and inert filling materials as the outer layer structure to form pelletized seeds, and adopts an external microbial agent addition method in the pelleting process, aiming to enable it to fully contact and reproduce with the soil and enhance the activity of microorganisms.

[0031] The pelletized chili pepper seed coating exemplified in the present invention has a perlite-based formula that can improve the mechanical strength while increasing the air permeability of the pellet structure, wherein the use of silica gel powder as an anti-caking agent is beneficial to the decomposition and dispersion of the pellets when encountering water, and the optimal ratio of bentonite and vermiculite can ensure the hardness of the pellets while having a bonding effect, thereby avoiding the impact of the use of binders such as polyvinyl alcohol on the soil environment.

[0032] The present invention adopts a composite bacterial agent, which can significantly improve the quality of seedlings and promote the root development of chili pepper seedlings; the scheme is suitable for processing by a pelletizing coating machine, which is convenient for forming pelletized chili pepper seeds with good appearance, uniform size and high mechanical strength, and meets the technical requirements of mechanized sowing and precision sowing; the present invention has the characteristics of easy operation and use, controllable cost, obvious benefits, and adaptability to the needs of modern agricultural development.

[0033] The undisclosed parts in the present invention are all prior art, and their specific structures, materials and working principles are not described in detail. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pelletized chili pepper seed coating, characterized in that: The coating comprises the following components: perlite, vermiculite, bentonite, peat, and silica gel powder; the outer layer of the coating is wrapped with a biological bacterial agent.

2. The pelletized chili pepper seed coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentages of the perlite, vermiculite, bentonite, peat and silica gel powder are (20-40): (30-50): (10-20): (5-15): (5-15).

3. A method for preparing the pelletized chili pepper seed coating according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Seed selection: Selecting the pepper seeds to be processed; S2. Filler mixing: Put the filler mixture of bentonite, peat, and silica gel powder and the mixture of perlite and vermiculite into an automatic powder mixer according to the proportion, mix them thoroughly, and rotate them at 30 rpm for 30 min to obtain two portions of filler mixture for standby use; S3, inner coating: Place the seeds in a pelletizing pot, set the pelletizing machine speed to 800 rpm, and as the drum rotates, add a mixture of bentonite, peat, silica gel powder and aqueous solution to coat the seeds, so that an inner coating with adhesion but no agglomeration is formed on the surface, until the pellets are processed into a size of about 4 mm, and polish at 800 rpm for 5 minutes; S4, outer coating: Then, the mixture of perlite and vermiculite and the aqueous solution are added to coat again to form an outer coating with surface adhesion but no agglomeration, until the pellet size is about 5 mm, and polishing is continued at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes to form a uniformly sized circle; S5, adding biological agents: putting the pelletized seeds after the inner and outer layers of coating into the pelletizer again, setting the speed of the pelletizer to 600 rpm, adding aqueous solution until the surface of the pellets is wet, and adding microbial agents for coating; S6, drying: drying the pelletized pepper seeds obtained by the above treatment at 34° C. for 4 hours; S7. Storage: The pelletized chili pepper seeds obtained through the above treatment are stored in a sealed state at low temperature.

4. The method for preparing the pelletized chili pepper seed coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microbial agent comprises one or more combinations of Bacillus subtilis and Gliocladium roseum.

5. The pelletized chili pepper seed coating and preparation method thereof according to claim 4, characterized in that: The content of the microbial agent accounts for 2%-10% of the weight of the inner coating, the outer coating and the microbial agent composition.

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