Ecological greening structure and method for rock slope

Abstract

The invention discloses a rock slope ecological regreening structure and method.The rock slope ecological regreening structure comprises a plurality of first ecological rods, each first ecological rod comprises a filling pipe perpendicularly fixed to the surface of a slope, the bottom end of each filling pipe is closed, a material outlet is formed in the top end of each filling pipe, and a plurality of inserting openings communicating with an inner cavity of each filling pipe are formed in the peripheral side of each filling pipe; the filling pipe is filled with a coarse grain layer, a fine grain layer and an organic layer, the particle size of particles in the coarse grain layer is larger than that of particles in the fine grain layer, and the organic layer comprises organic fertilizer; the second ecological rods are arranged in parallel to the surface of the side slope, any second ecological rod is inserted between the inserting openings of every two adjacent filling pipes, and each second ecological rod comprises an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core and a slow-release film wrapping the outer surface of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core; the ecological concrete is arranged on the surface of the side slope; the vegetation soil is arranged on the upper surface of the ecological concrete and comprises soil and plant seeds. The water retaining agent has the advantages of being high in water retaining capacity and capable of achieving long-term nutrient supply to plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock slope greening protection, and in particular to a rock slope ecological greening structure and method. Background Art

[0002] Rock slopes lack vegetation coverage due to poor soil and water retention capacity, resulting in serious soil and water loss and a fragile ecological environment. Therefore, certain governance measures need to be taken for ecological restoration. However, traditional rock slope governance measures still have problems such as difficulty in retaining water and insufficient long-term support capacity, resulting in a low survival rate of artificial vegetation and difficulty in building plant communities, making it difficult to effectively achieve ecological restoration of rock slopes. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a rock slope ecological greening structure, which has a strong water retention capacity and can achieve long-term support for plants.

[0004] The invention also provides a method for ecological restoration of rock slopes.

[0005] The rock slope ecological greening structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises: A plurality of first eco-rods are evenly distributed on the surface of the slope, wherein the first eco-rods include a filling tube vertically fixed to the surface of the slope, the bottom end of the filling tube is closed and the top end is provided with a material outlet, the peripheral side of the filling tube is provided with a plurality of sockets connected to the inner cavity thereof, the filling tube is sequentially filled with a coarse-grained layer, a fine-grained layer and an organic layer from bottom to top, the particle size of the particles in the coarse-grained layer is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine-grained layer, and the organic layer includes organic fertilizer; A plurality of second eco-rods are arranged parallel to the slope surface, any of the second eco-rods is inserted between the sockets of two adjacent filling tubes, and the second eco-rods include an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core and a slow-release film coated on the outer surface of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core; Eco-concrete, which is placed on the surface of the slope and has pores that can accommodate plant roots; Plant soil, arranged on the upper surface of the eco-concrete, the plant soil comprising soil and plant seeds; The filling pipe is partially located in the ecological concrete, the material outlet is located in the vegetation soil, and the second ecological rod is buried in the ecological concrete.

[0006] The rock slope ecological restoration structure according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The first eco-rod and the second eco-rod are combined to form a slope nutrient supply network that can better adapt to the slope terrain. The organic layer in the first eco-rod can provide nutrients for plants, and the fine-grained layer and the coarse-grained layer in the first eco-rod can store water, effectively enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope. In drought, the stored water can be transported upward through the capillary action of the fine-grained layer for plant absorption; the second eco-rod can slowly release inorganic and organic nutrients through the slow-release membrane, and the plant roots can penetrate into the pores of the eco-concrete and absorb the nutrients released by the slow-release membrane. At the same time, the slow-release membrane can also release nutrients into the filling tube of the first eco-rod, and the nutrients released by the slow-release membrane are transported upward through the capillary action in the filling tube, which is more effective. It effectively helps plants absorb nutrients, promotes plant rooting and germination, and improves the survival rate of plants. Through the combination of the first ecological rod and the second ecological rod, long-term support for plants can be achieved; in addition, the setting of ecological concrete can not only be used to accommodate plant roots, but also can fix the first ecological rod and the second ecological rod, thereby improving the stability of the system, and the ecological concrete also has a certain slope protection and water storage function, further enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope; and because the second ecological rod is buried in the ecological concrete and does not extend into the vegetation soil, it can effectively prevent rainwater from washing away the nutrients in the second ecological rod, so that the second ecological rod can release nutrients more sustainably and ensure long-term support capacity.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a flexible steel wire protection net is further included, wherein the flexible steel wire protection net is fixed to the surface of the slope and is located between the slope and the ecological concrete.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, it further includes a first covering layer, which is a three-dimensional mesh. The first covering layer is arranged on the upper surface of the ecological concrete and is located between the ecological concrete and the vegetation soil.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, it further includes a second covering layer, the second covering layer is a non-woven fabric, and the second covering layer is arranged on the upper surface of the vegetation soil.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the organic layer further comprises humic acid and composite biological bacteria, and the composite biological bacteria comprises at least two growth-promoting bacteria.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a water-permeable layer is provided on the inner wall of the filling tube, and the coarse-grained layer, the fine-grained layer and the organic layer are all located inside the water-permeable layer.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the eco-concrete includes cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water, the mass ratio of the cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water is 1 to 5.45 to 1.81 to 0.47, and the particle size of the particles in the coarse aggregate is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine aggregate.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vegetative soil also includes organic matter and soil ecological adhesive.

[0014] The method for ecological restoration of rock slopes according to the second embodiment of the present invention is based on the structure for ecological restoration of rock slopes according to the first embodiment, and includes the following steps: Slope surface cleaning: level the slope surface, remove loose soil and dangerous rocks on the slope surface, and clean the slope surface with a high-pressure water gun; Installing the first eco-sticks: drilling holes corresponding to the number of the first eco-sticks at a set interval on the slope surface, and inserting the filling tubes into the drill holes; Assembling the first eco-rod and the second eco-rod: driving an anchor hook into the surface of the slope, fixing the second eco-rod parallel to the surface of the slope by using the anchor hook, and inserting the two ends of the second eco-rod into the sockets of the two adjacent filling tubes respectively, so as to realize the assembly connection between the second eco-rod and the first eco-rod; Spraying the ecological concrete: spraying the ecological concrete on the surface of the slope so that the ecological concrete covers the second ecological rod and the material outlet of the filling pipe is exposed to the upper surface of the ecological concrete; Spraying the vegetation soil: spraying the vegetation soil on the upper surface of the ecological concrete so that the vegetation soil covers the material outlet of the filling pipe.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after tidying up the slope surface and before installing the first eco-rod, a flexible steel wire protection net is fixedly laid on the slope surface using U-shaped anchors and steel ropes; after spraying the eco-concrete and before spraying the vegetation soil, a first covering layer is installed on the upper surface of the eco-concrete, and the first covering layer is a three-dimensional net; after spraying the vegetation soil, a second covering layer is laid on the upper surface of the vegetation soil, and the second covering layer is a non-woven fabric.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the ecological greening structure of a rock slope according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first eco-stick and the second eco-stick according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a first eco-stick according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a filling tube of a first eco-stick according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure Number: The first eco-rod 100, the filling tube 110, the material outlet 111, the socket 112, the coarse particle layer 120, the fine particle layer 130, the organic layer 140, and the water permeable layer 150; Second Eco-stick 200; Eco-concrete 300; Plant soil 400; Flexible steel wire protection net 500; A first covering layer 600; A second covering layer 700; Anchor hook 800. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as orientation or positional relationship indicated as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means more than two. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a rock slope ecological restoration structure according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first ecological rod 100, a second ecological rod 200, ecological concrete 300, and vegetation soil 400.

[0024] There are multiple first eco-sticks 100, and the multiple first eco-sticks 100 are evenly distributed on the slope surface. The first eco-stick 100 includes a filling tube 110, which is vertically fixed to the slope surface. The bottom end of the filling tube 110 is closed, and the top end of the filling tube 110 is provided with a material outlet 111. The surrounding side of the filling tube 110 is provided with multiple sockets 112 connected to its inner cavity. In this embodiment, the filling tube 110 is made of PVC material, and four sockets 112 are evenly provided on the surrounding side of the filling tube 110; in addition, the filling tube 110 is filled with a coarse-grained layer 120, a fine-grained layer 130 and an organic layer 140 from bottom to top, and the thickness of the coarse-grained layer 120, the fine-grained layer 130 and the organic layer 140 are consistent; the coarse-grained layer 120 and the fine-grained layer 130 can store moisture, and the coarse-grained layer 120 and the fine-grained layer 130 can store moisture. The particle size of the particles in the granular layer 120 is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine particle layer 130. Among them, the coarse particle layer 120 is composed of solid waste with a particle size range of 5mm-15mm (solid waste is made of construction waste, slag, etc.), which can improve the utilization rate of solid waste, reduce carbon emissions in the process of slope ecological restoration, and reduce engineering costs and operating costs. The fine particle layer 130 is composed of clay with a particle size range of 0.002mm-0.075mm. The particle size of the coarse particle layer 120 is larger, so the pores are larger, and more rainwater can be stored. The particle size of the fine particle layer 130 is smaller, so the pores are small and numerous, and it has a strong capillary effect, which can transport the water stored at the bottom of the filling pipe 110 upward; in addition, the organic layer 140 includes organic fertilizer, which can provide nutrients for plant growth.

[0025] A plurality of second eco-rods 200 are provided, and the second eco-rods 200 are provided parallel to the surface of the slope. Any second eco-rod 200 is inserted between the sockets 112 of two adjacent filling tubes 110. The second eco-rod 200 is also fixed to the slope by an anchor hook 800. In this embodiment, a plurality of first eco-rods 100 are distributed in a rectangular array, and a second eco-rod 200 is connected between every two laterally adjacent or longitudinally adjacent first eco-rods 100. A plurality of first eco-rods 100 and a plurality of second eco-rods 200 are spliced ​​and combined to form a structure similar to a rectangular grid; wherein the second eco-rod 200 includes an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core and a slow-release film coated on the outer surface of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core, and the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core includes organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer. The mass proportion of organic fertilizer in the core of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is 40%-50%, and the mass proportion of inorganic fertilizer is 50%-60%. The organic fertilizer in the core of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is made of a mixture of bagasse, sawdust, charcoal chips, mushroom residue, and composted straw. The inorganic fertilizer adopts compound fertilizer or a combination of single chemical fertilizers. The weight percentage of effective ingredients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in inorganic fertilizers is 10%-25%, 10%-18%, and 8%-20%, respectively; the slow-release membrane is used to control the nutrient release rate, prolong the effective period of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer loss, and maximize the utilization rate of fertilizer. Among them, the material of the slow-release membrane includes one or more of alkyd resin, rosin, glyceride, urea-formaldehyde resin, acrylic resin and other oily resins. It is understandable that since the second eco-rod 200 is inserted into the socket 112 of the filling tube 110 of the first eco-rod 100 , the nutrients in the second eco-rod 200 can be slowly released into the filling tube 110 through the slow-release membrane and transported upward under the capillary action of the fine particle layer 130 .

[0026] The eco-concrete 300 is arranged on the surface of the slope and has pores that can accommodate plant roots, wherein the filling tube 110 is partially located in the eco-concrete 300, and the second eco-rod 200 is buried in the eco-concrete 300. In this way, the eco-concrete 300 can also fix the first eco-rod 100 and the second eco-rod 200, improve the stability of the system, and the eco-concrete 300 also has a certain slope protection effect. Obviously, the eco-concrete 300 has pores that can accommodate plant roots and also has a certain water storage function.

[0027] The vegetation soil 400 is arranged on the upper surface of the ecological concrete 300. The vegetation soil 400 includes soil and plant seeds. The vegetation soil 400 covers the material outlet 111 of the filling tube 110, that is, the material outlet 111 of the filling tube 110 is located in the vegetation soil 400. In this way, plants can absorb nutrients from the organic layer 140 in the filling tube 110 when growing.

[0028] The rock slope ecological restoration structure of the embodiment of the present invention combines the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200 to form a slope nutrient supply network that can better adapt to the slope terrain. The organic layer 140 in the first ecological rod 100 can provide nutrients for plants, and the fine particle layer 130 and the coarse particle layer 120 in the first ecological rod 100 can store water, effectively enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope, and in drought, the stored water can be transported upward through the capillary action of the fine particle layer 130 for plant absorption; the second ecological rod 200 can slowly release inorganic and organic nutrients through the slow-release membrane, and the plant roots can penetrate into the pores of the ecological concrete 300 and absorb the nutrients released by the slow-release membrane. At the same time, the slow-release membrane can also release nutrients into the filling tube 110 of the first ecological rod 100, and the nutrients released by the slow-release membrane are transported into the filling tube 110 through the capillary action of the filling tube 110. The released nutrients are transported upward, which helps plants absorb nutrients more effectively, promotes plant rooting and germination, and improves the survival rate of plants. Through the combination of the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200, long-term support for plants can be achieved; in addition, the setting of the ecological concrete 300 can not only be used to accommodate plant roots, but also can fix the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200, thereby improving the stability of the system, and the ecological concrete 300 also has a certain slope protection and water storage function, further enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope; and because the second ecological rod 200 is buried in the ecological concrete 300 and does not extend into the vegetation soil 400, it can effectively prevent rainwater from washing away the nutrients in the second ecological rod 200, so that the second ecological rod 200 can release nutrients more sustainably and ensure long-term support capacity.

[0029] Some feasible embodiments of the second eco-rod 200 are listed below: First, the slow-release film of the second eco-stick 200 is made of a mixture of alkyd resin and rosin, and the weight percentage of organic fertilizer in the organic-inorganic composite fertilizer core is 50%, and the weight percentage of inorganic fertilizer is 50%, wherein the weight percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium effective components included in the inorganic fertilizer is 15%, 16% and 12% respectively; Secondly, the slow-release film of the second eco-stick 200 is made of a mixture of alkyd resin and urea-formaldehyde resin, and the weight percentage of organic fertilizer in the organic-inorganic composite fertilizer core is 40%, and the weight percentage of inorganic fertilizer is 60%, wherein the weight percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium effective components included in the inorganic fertilizer is 20%, 14% and 14% respectively; Thirdly, the slow-release film of the second eco-stick 200 is made of a mixture of glycerol ester and urea-formaldehyde resin, and the weight percentage of organic fertilizer in the organic-inorganic composite fertilizer core is 45%, and the weight percentage of inorganic fertilizer is 55%, wherein the weight percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium effective components included in the inorganic fertilizer is 13%, 12% and 18% respectively; The above optional component compositions and proportions are only three optional modes of the second eco-rod 200 and are not specific limitations. The actual component compositions and proportions can be determined according to the actual conditions of the slope to be regreened.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 As shown, it can be understood that the rock slope ecological restoration structure of the embodiment of the present invention also includes a flexible steel wire protection net 500, a first covering layer 600, and a second covering layer 700.

[0031] Among them, the flexible steel wire protection net 500 is fixed on the surface of the slope and is located between the slope and the ecological concrete 300. Specifically, the flexible steel wire protection net 500 is fixed to the surface of the slope by U-shaped anchors and steel wire ropes, which can better fit the surface of the slope, provide preliminary protection, and improve the adhesion ability of the ecological concrete 300 on the slope; the flexible steel wire protection net 500 is woven from high-strength anti-corrosion steel wire, and the inscribed circle diameter of the diamond mesh of the flexible steel wire protection net 500 is 65mm, and the standard specification of the mesh block is 30 / 20 / 10*3.5m. In actual applications, the mesh blocks of appropriate specifications and quantity are selected according to the slope area and installed on the slope surface.

[0032] The first covering layer 600 is a three-dimensional net, which is arranged on the upper surface of the eco-concrete 300 and between the eco-concrete 300 and the vegetation soil 400. The first covering layer 600 is fixed to the upper surface of the eco-concrete 300 by U-shaped anchors, which can improve the integrity of the slope vegetation soil 400, enhance the anti-scouring ability of the vegetation soil 400, and facilitate the combination of plant roots and soil, and promote plant growth. Specifically, the three-dimensional net used in the first covering layer 600 is composed of a combination of a drawn polypropylene geosynthetic material with a high-strength steel wire rope inside and a reinforced mesh pad.

[0033] The second covering layer 700 is a non-woven fabric, and the second covering layer 700 is arranged on the upper surface of the vegetation soil 400. By setting the second covering layer 700, the anti-scouring ability of the vegetation soil 400 can be enhanced, and it has the function of heat preservation and moisture retention, which is beneficial to the rooting and germination of plants.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the organic layer 140 in the filling tube 110 also includes humic acid and composite biological bacteria. The composite biological bacteria include at least two growth-promoting bacteria. By setting humic acid in the organic layer 140, it is possible to achieve the effects of fertilizer efficiency, soil improvement, and crop growth stimulation. By setting a variety of growth-promoting bacteria, it is possible to fix nitrogen, dissolve phosphorus and potassium, improve soil structure, and enhance plant stress resistance. Among them, the growth-promoting bacteria contained in the composite biological bacteria can be Bacillus agnesiensis, Bacillus polymyxa and Bacillus, or Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mycoides and Pseudomonas xanthogenes. Of course, only two implementation methods are listed above, which is not a specific limitation on the composite biological bacteria. Other types of growth-promoting bacteria can also be selected according to the actual situation of the slope to be regreened.

[0035] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, it can be understood that the inner wall of the filling tube 110 is provided with a water-permeable layer 150, and the coarse-grained layer 120, the fine-grained layer 130 and the organic layer 140 are all located inside the water-permeable layer 150. By providing the water-permeable layer 150 and making the coarse-grained layer 120, the fine-grained layer 130 and the organic layer 140 all located inside the water-permeable layer 150, the materials of the coarse-grained layer 120, the fine-grained layer 130 and the organic layer 140 can be prevented from leaking out of the socket 112 on the side of the filling tube 110, playing a certain fixing role, and the water-permeable layer 150 can also allow water and nutrients to pass through. In some specific embodiments, the water-permeable layer 150 is made of non-woven fabric and a three-dimensional net.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the eco-concrete 300 includes cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water, and the mass ratio of cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water is 1 to 5.45 to 1.81 to 0.47. The particle size of the particles in the coarse aggregate is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine aggregate. Among them, the cement grade is Po42.5, the coarse aggregate is made of solid waste such as construction waste and slag, the particle size range of the particles in the coarse aggregate is 9.5mm-19mm, and the fine aggregate is machine-made sand, and the fineness modulus of the machine-made sand is 2.8. Since the particle size of the coarse aggregate in the eco-concrete 300 is large and the mass proportion of the coarse aggregate is high, a higher porosity can be guaranteed to better accommodate the growth of plant roots while storing water.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vegetation soil 400 also includes organic matter and soil ecological adhesives. The organic matter is provided to provide nutrition for plant growth, and the soil ecological adhesive is provided to improve the ability of the soil to resist erosion. Among them, the organic matter includes mushroom residues, humic acid, sawdust, organic fertilizer, peat, etc. In addition to plant seeds, the mass proportions of each component in the vegetation soil 400 are: soil 78%-85%, organic matter 10%-14%, and soil ecological adhesive 5%-8%.

[0038] Several feasible embodiments of the plant soil 400 are listed below: First, the vegetation soil 400 contains seeds of tall fescue, ryegrass, Lespedeza, and Robinia pseudoacacia. In addition to the plant seeds, the mass proportions of the various components in the vegetation soil 400 are as follows: soil 80%, organic matter 14%, and soil ecological adhesive 6%; Secondly, the vegetation soil 400 contains seeds of alfalfa, Cynodon dactylon, Amorpha fruticosa, Magnolia multiflora, and Rhus chinensis. Except for the plant seeds, the mass proportions of the various components in the vegetation soil 400 are as follows: soil 83%, organic matter 10%, and soil ecological adhesive 7%; The above optional components and proportions of the vegetation soil 400 are just two optional methods of the embodiment of the present invention, and are not specifically limited. The actual components and proportions of the vegetation soil 400 can be determined according to the actual situation of the slope to be regreened.

[0039] The present invention also proposes a method for ecological restoration of rock slopes. Based on the rock slope ecological restoration structure of the above embodiment, the method comprises the following steps: S1. Smoothing the slope surface: Smoothing the slope surface, removing loose soil and dangerous rocks on the slope surface, eliminating the risk of rockfall, and cleaning the slope surface with a high-pressure water gun; S2. Laying flexible steel wire protection net 500: Using U-shaped anchor nails and steel wire ropes to fix and lay flexible steel wire protection net 500 on the slope surface, which can better fit the slope surface, provide preliminary protection, and improve the adhesion ability of ecological concrete 300 on the slope. The U-shaped anchor nails are hot-dip galvanized for anti-corrosion treatment, with a length of 15cm-20cm and a width of 4cm-5cm; S3, installing the first eco-rods 100: drilling holes corresponding to the number of the first eco-rods 100 at a set interval on the slope surface, and inserting the filling tubes 110 into the holes; wherein the holes are arranged in a rectangular array, the hole spacing is 1.5m-2m, the drilling depth is 15cm-25cm, the length of the filling tube 110 is 20cm-40cm, and the diameter of the socket 112 on the filling tube 110 is 5cm; S4, assembling the first ecological stick 100 and the second ecological stick 200: driving an anchor hook 800 into the surface of the slope, fixing the second ecological stick 200 parallel to the surface of the slope by using the anchor hook 800, and inserting the two ends of the second ecological stick 200 into the sockets 112 of two adjacent filling tubes 110 respectively, so as to realize the assembly connection between the second ecological stick 200 and the first ecological stick 100; wherein, the diameter of the second ecological stick 200 is 5 cm, the length is 1.5 m-2 m, a second ecological stick 200 is connected between every two transversely adjacent or longitudinally adjacent first ecological sticks 100, the bending radius of the anchor hook 800 is 5 cm, the length of the anchor hook 800 is 0.3 m-0.5 m, and the exposed end of the anchor hook 800 is subjected to hot-dip galvanizing anti-corrosion treatment; S5, spraying ecological concrete 300: spraying ecological concrete 300 on the slope surface, so that the ecological concrete 300 covers the second ecological rod 200, and the material outlet 111 of the filling tube 110 is exposed to the upper surface of the ecological concrete 300. After spraying, the ecological concrete 300, the flexible steel wire protection net 500, the first ecological rod 100, and the second ecological rod 200 form a whole; wherein, the spraying thickness of the ecological concrete 300 is 5cm-15cm, which is determined according to the actual rock slope grade, and the thickness of the ecological concrete 300 higher than the second ecological rod 200 is controlled within the range of 2cm-3cm, and the material outlet 111 of the first ecological rod 100 protrudes 1cm-2cm from the upper surface of the ecological concrete 300; S6, installing the first covering layer 600: installing the first covering layer 600 on the upper surface of the eco-concrete 300, the first covering layer 600 is a three-dimensional mesh; by setting the first covering layer 600, the integrity of the slope vegetation soil 400 is improved, the anti-scouring ability of the vegetation soil 400 is enhanced, and it is beneficial for the plant roots to combine with the soil, thereby promoting plant growth; S7, spraying vegetation soil 400: spraying the vegetation soil 400 on the upper surface of the eco-concrete 300, and making the vegetation soil 400 cover the material outlet 111 of the filling pipe 110, and the vegetation soil 400 and the first covering layer 600 form a whole after spraying; wherein the thickness of the vegetation soil 400 is 5cm-8cm; S8. Laying the second covering layer 700: Laying the second covering layer 700 on the upper surface of the vegetation soil 400, the second covering layer 700 is a non-woven fabric; by setting the second covering layer 700, the anti-scouring ability of the vegetation soil 400 can be enhanced, and it has the function of heat preservation and moisture retention, which is beneficial to the rooting and germination of plants.

[0040] The method for ecological restoration of rock slopes in this embodiment combines the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200 to form a slope nutrient supply network that can better adapt to the slope terrain. The organic layer 140 in the first ecological rod 100 can provide nutrients for plants, and the fine-grained layer 130 and the coarse-grained layer 120 in the first ecological rod 100 can store water, effectively enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope. In drought, the stored water can be transported upward through the capillary action of the fine-grained layer 130 for plant absorption; and the second ecological rod 200 can slowly release inorganic and organic nutrients through the slow-release membrane, and the plant roots can penetrate into the pores of the ecological concrete 300 and absorb the nutrients released by the slow-release membrane. At the same time, the slow-release membrane can also release nutrients into the filling tube 110 of the first ecological rod 100, and the slow-release membrane is released through the capillary action in the filling tube 110. The nutrients are transported upward, which helps plants absorb nutrients more effectively, promotes plant rooting and germination, and improves the survival rate of plants. Through the combination of the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200, long-term support for plants can be achieved; in addition, the setting of the ecological concrete 300 can not only be used to accommodate plant roots, but also can fix the first ecological rod 100 and the second ecological rod 200, thereby improving the stability of the system, and the ecological concrete 300 also has a certain slope protection and water storage function, further enhancing the water retention capacity of the slope; and because the second ecological rod 200 is buried in the ecological concrete 300 and does not extend into the vegetation soil 400, it can effectively prevent rainwater from washing away the nutrients in the second ecological rod 200, so that the second ecological rod 200 can release nutrients more sustainably and ensure long-term support capacity.

[0041] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock slope ecological greening structure, characterized in that: include: A plurality of first eco-rods are evenly distributed on the surface of the slope, wherein the first eco-rods include a filling tube vertically fixed to the surface of the slope, the bottom end of the filling tube is closed and the top end is provided with a material outlet, the peripheral side of the filling tube is provided with a plurality of sockets connected to the inner cavity thereof, the filling tube is sequentially filled with a coarse-grained layer, a fine-grained layer and an organic layer from bottom to top, the particle size of the particles in the coarse-grained layer is larger than the particle size of the particles in the fine-grained layer, and the organic layer includes organic fertilizer; A plurality of second eco-rods are arranged parallel to the slope surface, any of the second eco-rods is inserted between the sockets of two adjacent filling tubes, and the second eco-rods include an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core and a slow-release film coated on the outer surface of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer inner core; Eco-concrete, which is placed on the surface of the slope and has pores that can accommodate plant roots; Plant soil, arranged on the upper surface of the eco-concrete, the plant soil comprising soil and plant seeds; The filling pipe is partially located in the ecological concrete, the material outlet is located in the vegetation soil, and the second ecological rod is buried in the ecological concrete.

2. The rock slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a flexible steel wire protection net, which is fixed to the surface of the slope and located between the slope and the ecological concrete.

3. The rock slope ecological greening structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a first covering layer, which is a three-dimensional net. The first covering layer is arranged on the upper surface of the ecological concrete and is located between the ecological concrete and the vegetation soil.

4. The rock slope ecological greening structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a second covering layer, which is a non-woven fabric and is arranged on the upper surface of the vegetation soil.

5. The rock slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The organic layer also includes humic acid and composite biological bacteria, and the composite biological bacteria includes at least two growth-promoting bacteria.

6. The rock slope ecological restoration structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The inner wall of the filling tube is provided with a water-permeable layer, and the coarse-grained layer, the fine-grained layer and the organic layer are all located inside the water-permeable layer.

7. The rock slope ecological greening structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ecological concrete comprises cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water, wherein the mass ratio of the cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and water is 1 to 5.45 to 1.81 to 0.47, and the particle size of the particles in the coarse aggregate is greater than the particle size of the particles in the fine aggregate.

8. The rock slope ecological greening structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The vegetation soil also includes organic matter and soil ecological adhesive.

9. A method for ecological restoration of rock slopes, based on the ecological restoration structure of rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Slope surface cleaning: level the slope surface, remove loose soil and dangerous rocks on the slope surface, and clean the slope surface with a high-pressure water gun; Installing the first eco-sticks: drilling holes corresponding to the number of the first eco-sticks at a set interval on the slope surface, and inserting the filling tubes into the drill holes; Assembling the first eco-rod and the second eco-rod: driving an anchor hook into the surface of the slope, fixing the second eco-rod parallel to the surface of the slope by using the anchor hook, and inserting the two ends of the second eco-rod into the sockets of the two adjacent filling tubes respectively, so as to realize the assembly connection between the second eco-rod and the first eco-rod; Spraying the ecological concrete: spraying the ecological concrete on the surface of the slope so that the ecological concrete covers the second ecological rod and the material outlet of the filling pipe is exposed to the upper surface of the ecological concrete; Spraying the vegetation soil: spraying the vegetation soil on the upper surface of the ecological concrete so that the vegetation soil covers the material outlet of the filling pipe.

10. The method for ecological restoration of rock slopes according to claim 9, characterized in that: After tidying up the slope surface and before installing the first eco-rod, a flexible steel wire protection net is fixedly laid on the slope surface using U-shaped anchors and steel ropes; after spraying the eco-concrete and before spraying the vegetation soil, a first covering layer is installed on the upper surface of the eco-concrete, and the first covering layer is a three-dimensional net; after spraying the vegetation soil, a second covering layer is laid on the upper surface of the vegetation soil, and the second covering layer is a non-woven fabric.

Images