Device and method for cleaning and digging bamboo pockets with piles for regulating and controlling density of bamboo forest

Abstract

The invention provides a digging device and method for bamboo pockets with piles for regulating and controlling the density of a bamboo forest, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry. The cleaning and digging device comprises a driving motor, a rotating shaft connected to an output shaft of the driving motor and a gear box rotationally connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft, a driving gear rotationally connected to a box body of the gear box through a bearing, a driven gear and two planetary gears are arranged in the gear box, the two planetary gears are transversely coaxial, and the driving gear and the driven gear are longitudinally coaxial; the gear box is sleeved with a rotary cutter cylinder, the rotary cutter cylinder is connected with a box body of the gear box through a spiral spring, the driving gear is connected with the lower end of the rotating shaft, and the driven gear is connected with a spiral drill bit located in the center of the rotary cutter cylinder. And applying organic fertilizer by taking bamboo pocket pits as fertilizer pits to replace furrow fertilizer operation performed in May. The method has the advantages of high efficiency, small land damage and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry, and relates to a bamboo bag clearing device with stakes and a method for regulating bamboo forest density. Background Art

[0002] Phyllostachys praecox belongs to the Poaceae family. It is an excellent bamboo species that produces shoots earlier among scattered bamboo species. It is widely distributed in the area south of the Yangtze River. There are two varieties of Phyllostachys praecox, namely broad-leaved Phyllostachys praecox and fine-leaved Phyllostachys praecox. The shoots of fine-leaved Phyllostachys praecox are 10 to 15 days earlier than those of broad-leaved Phyllostachys praecox. The shoots taste sweet and tender, the yield is high, and the economic benefits are higher than those of broad-leaved Phyllostachys praecox. Therefore, fine-leaved Phyllostachys praecox is planted more frequently. Its shoots have the advantages of high yield, delicious taste, and significant economic benefits. The bamboo shoots are tender, crispy and refreshing, with high nutritional value. They have always been loved by people and are regarded as mountain delicacies and high-quality forest products. They are my country's traditional bulk export agricultural and forestry products.

[0003] In the cultivation of Phyllostachys praecox forest, it is very important to reasonably adjust the density and structure of the bamboo forest. Under certain management conditions, the productivity of the bamboo forest depends on the structure of the bamboo forest. A reasonable bamboo forest structure can fully and effectively utilize solar energy and water and fertilizer conditions to increase the yield of the bamboo forest. At the same time, the density of bamboo stands is crucial to the bamboo whip system. The structure and quality of the whip root system of Phyllostachys praecox forest not only affect the group structure of the aboveground part, but also directly affect the breeding and growth of winter and spring bamboo shoots underground, and thus affect the yield and output value of fresh bamboo shoots of Phyllostachys praecox. Zhang Zhuowen et al. (2012) and Li Jixiong (2011) studied the management density of Phyllostachys praecox and showed that the reasonable density of Phyllostachys praecox stands is 12,000 to 15,000 plants / hm2, which can fully utilize the land and have suitable photosynthesis, which is conducive to the synthesis and accumulation of nutrients and promotes the growth of bamboo shoots.

[0004] By adjusting the density of standing bamboos, the light, moisture, heat and air permeability in the forest can be improved, which directly affects the growth of trees. The density of standing bamboos is one of the important means that can be artificially adjusted.

[0005] At present, there are mainly the following problems in bamboo forest density control:

[0006] 1. Since the density and age structure of bamboos are generally controlled by cutting and digging out flowering bamboos, diseased bamboos and old bamboos over 4-5 years old, there are more and more bamboo pockets with stakes in the bamboo forest, which takes up a lot of space for bamboo shoots and also grabs a lot of soil nutrients, affecting the number and quality of bamboo shoots. This is because the current bamboo cutting method is to cut off the part above the bamboo stakes and then dig out the bamboo pockets with stakes as a whole, or damage the bamboo stakes to make them rot slowly. Both methods have obvious disadvantages. Digging out bamboo pockets with stakes requires a large excavation area and soil depth, which destroys the soil leveling and soil layer structure after filling the pit in the forest. It will also damage the bamboo whips where the bamboo pockets are located and other bamboo whips outside the bamboo pockets, making the reproduction capacity of the forest group worse and the labor intensity is also very high. The natural decay method takes too long to rot (complete decay requires more than five years), occupies the space for bamboo shoots, and still absorbs a lot of soil nutrients before rotting, which is not an ideal method.

[0007] 2. Due to the irregular arrangement of bamboos in bamboo forests and the fact that they are usually located on sloping land, it is not convenient for agricultural machinery to dig out bamboo pods. Digging efficiency and labor intensity are also important economic indicators.

[0008] In summary, the method of excavating bamboo stalks with stakes is particularly critical for controlling bamboo forest density, which directly affects the forest productivity and economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0009] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a bamboo bag clearing device with stakes for controlling bamboo forest density in view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to increase and reduce the size of the bamboo bag pit holes and reduce the work intensity.

[0010] The objectives of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A bamboo bag clearing device with piles for bamboo forest density control, characterized in that it includes a driving motor, a rotating shaft connected to the output shaft of the driving motor and a gear box rotatably connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft, the gear box is provided with a driving gear, a driven gear and two planetary gears rotatably connected to the gear box body through bearings, the two planetary gears are coaxial laterally, and the driving gear and the driven gear are coaxial longitudinally, a rotary cutting knife cylinder is arranged outside the gear box, the rotary cutting knife cylinder is connected to the gear box body by a coil spring, the driving gear is linked to the lower end of the rotating shaft, and the driven gear is connected to a spiral drill bit located at the center of the rotary cutting knife cylinder.

[0011] It can be seen from the transmission logic of each transmission part in the gear box that the spiral drill bit rotates when there is a large resistance to the rotation of the rotary cutting knife cylinder, and the rotary cutting knife cylinder rotates when the resistance to the rotation of the spiral drill bit is large. Therefore, before the spiral drill bit contacts the bamboo bag under the bamboo tube, its resistance is small, and the spiral drill bit is preferentially screwed into the bamboo bag with higher density and hardness. After the spiral drill bit contacts the bamboo bag, there is a large rotation resistance. At this time, the rotary cutting knife cylinder begins to cut the roots and soil outside the bamboo bag, separating the outside of the bamboo bag from the soil. When the spiral drill bit drills into the bamboo bag to the point where it is difficult to go deeper and the outside of the bamboo bag is cut open, the torque of the spiral drill bit will be transmitted to the bamboo bag, causing the bamboo bag to have a torsional force, driving it to break away from the connection with the bamboo whip by "twisting it off".

[0012] Furthermore, an outer sleeve is fixedly provided on the body of the driving motor and is sleeved outside the rotating shaft. A sliding sleeve is longitudinally slidably connected to the outside of the outer sleeve through a spline. A return spring is connected between the sliding sleeve and the body of the driving motor. A pedal is fixedly provided at the lower end of the sliding sleeve. The lower end surface of the pedal has a coupling disk 1, and the top of the gear box body has a coupling disk 2 adapted to the coupling disk 1.

[0013] Furthermore, a gripping handle is fixedly provided on the body of the driving motor.

[0014] Specifically, during operation, first align the spiral drill bit with the center of the node barrel of the bamboo pile, and the rotary cutting knife barrel is located on the outer periphery of the bamboo pile barrel. Start the drive motor, press the spiral drill bit while stepping on the pedal with your foot to stop the rotary cutting knife barrel from rotating and the spiral drill bit from rotating, so as to ensure that the spiral drill bit drills into the bamboo pile and positions the bamboo pile. When it is felt that the spiral drill bit is difficult to penetrate, the pedal can be released to separate the combining disk 1 and the combining disk 2. At this time, the rotary cutting knife barrel rotates but the spiral drill bit does not rotate. The rotary cutting knife barrel cuts the soil and the roots on the outer periphery of the bamboo bag, so that the outer periphery of the bamboo bag is separated from the soil. Then, the pedal is stepped on intermittently, and the rotary cutting knife barrel and the spiral drill bit repeat the above two actions until the outer periphery of the bamboo bag is separated from the soil more thoroughly. The bamboo bag will then swing and twist under the torque of the spiral drill bit, thereby driving the bamboo bag and the bamboo whip to be twisted and separated at the connection position between the two, and the bamboo bag can be taken out.

[0015] It is not difficult to see that if there is no pedal, combination disc one and combination disc two, the bamboo basket excavation operation can also be carried out, but the control is relatively unreliable and there is a possibility of jamming. After the pedal, combination disc one and combination disc two are set, the rotary cutting cylinder and the spiral drill bit can be controlled separately, and the operation is more reliable.

[0016] The existence of the coil spring can alleviate the resistance between the rotary cutter barrel and the soil. In addition, the height of different bamboo stakes from the ground can also be adjusted.

[0017] Since this plan does not aim to remove all bamboo roots, the pit mouth is small and the destruction position is located above the bamboo rhizome, which will not cause damage to the bamboo rhizome. In addition, the roots after losing the bamboo rhizome basically have no ability to absorb nutrients and can rot in a short time. The excavation work intensity is relatively low and the work efficiency is high.

[0018] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for processing bamboo bags with stakes for regulating bamboo forest density, aiming to reduce labor intensity.

[0019] Specifically, by leaving bamboo shoots to nourish bamboo and reasonably cutting down bamboos, the density of standing bamboos is controlled at 1000-1200 plants / mu with a reference to the ratio of 1:1:1 among one-year-old bamboos, two-year-old bamboos and three-year-old bamboos; flowering bamboos, diseased bamboos and old bamboos are cut down before applying ditch fertilizer in May each year, and the bamboo pockets with stakes are cleared using the above-mentioned bamboo pocket clearing device, and then the bamboo pocket pits are filled with 3-5cm thick straw, and then organic fertilizer is applied using the bamboo pocket pits as fertilizer pits, and the amount of fertilizer applied is controlled at 1000kg-1200kg / mu. According to the distribution of the bamboo pocket pits, appropriate pits can be opened for fertilization to maintain the uniformity of fertilization.

[0020] Here we take the natural conditions of Chongyang County, Xianning City, Hubei Province as the premise, and other regions can make adaptive adjustments.

[0021] Because the bamboo pocket excavation device used in this scheme retains a large number of bamboo roots in the soil, the size of the pit mouth can be greatly reduced, the forest damage area is small, and the bamboo whips can be damaged as little as possible. On the one hand, the time for applying whip fertilizer and organic fertilizer that are originally required is coordinated with the bamboo pocket excavation, and the bamboo pocket pit left by the bamboo pocket excavation is used as a fertilizer pit, replacing the traditional hole digging for fertilization, thus eliminating the hole digging operation. On the other hand, since organic fertilizer is applied after a layer of straw is padded, the presence of straw can prevent the soil layer in the area from becoming compacted after the bamboo pocket is covered with soil, increase the oxygen content in the soil, accelerate the decay of bamboo roots and the absorption of organic fertilizer, and since the bamboo pocket excavation location is the location of the bamboo whip, the soil in this area is loose, high in oxygen content, and fertile, which is conducive to the growth of bamboo shoots and the thickness and fullness of bamboo shoots. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bamboo bag excavation device with piles.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the gearbox and its connecting parts.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the adaptation state of the excavation device and the bamboo bag with piles when the excavation device is in working state.

[0025] In the figure, 1. driving motor; 2. rotating shaft; 3. gear box; 31. driving gear; 32. driven gear; 33. planetary gear; 34. rotary cutter cylinder; 35. spiral spring; 4. spiral drill bit; 51. outer sheath; 52. sliding sleeve; 53. return spring; 54. pedal; 55. coupling disc 1; 56. coupling disc 2; 6. holding handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 The bamboo bag clearing device with piles for controlling the density of bamboo forests shown in the figure comprises a driving motor 1, a rotating shaft 2 connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 1 and a gear box 3 rotatably connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 2. A driving gear 31, a driven gear 32 and two planetary gears 33 rotatably connected to the gear box 3 body through bearings are arranged in the gear box 3. The two planetary gears 33 are coaxial in the horizontal direction, and the driving gear 31 and the driven gear 32 are coaxial in the longitudinal direction. A rotary cutting knife cylinder 34 is arranged on the outer sleeve of the gear box 3. The rotary cutting knife cylinder 34 is connected to the gear box 3 body through a spiral spring 35. The driving gear 31 is linked to the lower end of the rotating shaft 2. The driven gear 32 is connected to a spiral drill bit 4 located at the center of the rotary cutting knife cylinder 34.

[0028] It can be seen from the transmission logic of each transmission part in the gear box 3 that the spiral drill bit 4 rotates when there is a large resistance to the rotation of the rotary cutting knife cylinder 34, and the rotary cutting knife cylinder 34 rotates when the rotation resistance of the spiral drill bit 4 is large. Therefore, before the spiral drill bit 4 contacts the bamboo bag under the bamboo tube, its resistance is small, and the spiral drill bit 4 is preferentially screwed into the bamboo bag position with high density and hardness. After the spiral drill bit 4 contacts the bamboo bag, there is a large rotation resistance. At this time, the rotary cutting knife cylinder 34 begins to cut the roots and soil outside the bamboo bag, separating the outside of the bamboo bag from the soil. When the spiral drill bit 4 drills into the bamboo bag to the point where it is difficult to go deeper and the outside of the bamboo bag is cut, the torque of the spiral drill bit 4 will be transmitted to the bamboo bag, causing the bamboo bag to have a torsional force, driving it to break away from the connection with the bamboo whip by "twisting it off".

[0029] An outer sleeve 51 is fixedly provided on the body of the driving motor 1 and is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 2. A sliding sleeve 52 is longitudinally slidably connected to the outside of the outer sleeve 51 through a spline. A return spring 53 is connected between the sliding sleeve 52 and the body of the driving motor 1. A pedal 54 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the sliding sleeve 52. The lower end surface of the pedal 54 has a coupling disk 1 55. The top of the gear box 3 has a coupling disk 2 56 that is adapted to the coupling disk 1 55. A gripping handle 6 is fixedly provided on the body of the driving motor 1.

[0030] Specifically, during operation, the spiral drill bit 4 is first aligned with the center of the node tube of the bamboo pile, and the rotary cutting knife cylinder 34 is located at the periphery of the bamboo pile tube. The driving motor 1 is started, and the spiral drill bit 4 is pressed while the pedal 54 is pressed with the foot to prevent the rotary cutting knife cylinder 34 from rotating, while the spiral drill bit 4 rotates, to ensure that the spiral drill bit 4 drills into the bamboo pile and positions the bamboo pile. When the spiral drill bit 4 is felt to be difficult to penetrate, the pedal 54 can be loosened to separate the coupling disk 1 55 and the coupling disk 2 56. At this time, the rotary cutting knife cylinder 34 rotates, while the spiral drill bit 4 does not rotate. The rotary cutting knife cylinder 34 cuts the soil and the roots around the bamboo bag, so that the bamboo bag is separated from the soil. After that, the pedal 54 is intermittently pressed, and the rotary cutting knife cylinder 34 and the spiral drill bit 4 repeat the above two actions until the bamboo bag is separated from the soil more thoroughly. The bamboo bag will then be swung and twisted by the torque of the spiral drill bit 4, thereby driving the bamboo bag and the bamboo whip to be twisted and separated at the connection position between the two, and the bamboo bag can be taken out.

[0031] It is not difficult to see that if the pedal 54, the coupling disc 1 55 and the coupling disc 2 56 are not stepped on, the bamboo bag clearing operation can also be carried out, but the control is relatively unreliable and there is a possibility of jamming. After the pedal 54, the coupling disc 1 55 and the coupling disc 2 56 are provided, the rotary cutting cylinder 34 and the spiral drill bit 4 can be controlled separately, and the operation is more reliable.

[0032] The existence of the coil spring 35 can alleviate the resistance of the rotary cutter cylinder 34 in contact with the soil, and can also adjust the height of different bamboo stakes from the ground.

[0033] Since this plan does not aim to remove all bamboo roots, the pit mouth is small and the destruction position is located above the bamboo rhizome, which will not cause damage to the bamboo rhizome. In addition, the roots after losing the bamboo rhizome basically have no ability to absorb nutrients and can rot in a short time. The excavation work intensity is relatively low and the work efficiency is high.

[0034] The bamboo bag treatment method with stakes for bamboo forest density control, i.e., the bamboo forest density control method, controls the standing bamboo density at 1000-1200 plants / mu by leaving bamboo shoots to nourish bamboo and reasonably felling bamboos, with the ratio of one-year-old bamboos, two-year-old bamboos and three-year-old bamboos being 1:1:1 as a reference; fells flowering bamboos, diseased bamboos and old bamboos before applying ditch fertilizer in May each year, and uses the bamboo bag with stakes excavation device to excavate the bamboo bag with stakes, then fills the bamboo bag pit with 3-5 cm thickness of straw, then uses the bamboo bag pit as a fertilizer pit to apply organic fertilizer, and the fertilizer amount is controlled at 1000kg-1200kg / mu. According to the distribution of the bamboo bag pits, appropriate pits can be opened for fertilization to maintain the uniformity of fertilization.

[0035] Here we take the natural conditions of Chongyang County, Xianning City, Hubei Province as the premise, and other regions can make adaptive adjustments.

[0036] Because the bamboo pocket excavation device used in this scheme retains a large number of bamboo roots in the soil, the size of the pit mouth can be greatly reduced, the forest damage area is small, and the bamboo whips can be damaged as little as possible. On the one hand, the time for applying whip fertilizer and organic fertilizer that are originally required is coordinated with the bamboo pocket excavation, and the bamboo pocket pit left by the bamboo pocket excavation is used as a fertilizer pit, replacing the traditional hole digging for fertilization, thus eliminating the hole digging operation. On the other hand, since organic fertilizer is applied after a layer of straw is padded, the presence of straw can prevent the soil layer in the area from becoming compacted after the bamboo pocket is covered with soil, increase the oxygen content in the soil, accelerate the decay of bamboo roots and the absorption of organic fertilizer, and since the bamboo pocket excavation location is the location of the bamboo whip, the soil in this area is loose, high in oxygen content, and fertile, which is conducive to the growth of bamboo shoots and the thickness and fullness of bamboo shoots.

[0037] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bamboo sack excavation device with stakes for controlling bamboo forest density, characterized in that: The invention comprises a driving motor (1), a rotating shaft (2) connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (1), and a gear box (3) rotatably connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft (2); the gear box (3) is provided with a driving gear (31) rotatably connected to the gear box (3) body through a bearing, a driven gear (32) and two planetary gears (33); the two planetary gears (33) are coaxial in the transverse direction, and the driving gear (31) and the driven gear (32) are coaxial in the longitudinal direction; the outer shell of the gear box (3) is provided with a rotary cutting knife cylinder (34); the rotary cutting knife cylinder (34) is connected to the gear box (3) body through a spiral spring (35); the driving gear (31) is linked to the lower end of the rotating shaft (2); the driven gear (32) is connected to a spiral drill bit (4) located at the center of the rotary cutting knife cylinder (34).

2. The bamboo grove clearing device with stakes for controlling bamboo forest density according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer sleeve (51) is fixedly provided on the body of the drive motor (1) and sleeved outside the rotating shaft (2); a sliding sleeve (52) is longitudinally slidably connected to the outside of the outer sleeve (51) via a spline; a return spring (53) is connected between the sliding sleeve (52) and the body of the drive motor (1); a pedal (54) is fixedly provided at the lower end of the sliding sleeve (52); the lower end surface of the pedal (54) has a coupling disc 1 (55); and the top of the gear box (3) has a coupling disc 2 (56) adapted to the coupling disc 1 (55).

3. The bamboo grove clearing device with stakes for controlling bamboo forest density according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gripping handle (6) is fixedly arranged on the body of the driving motor (1).

4. A bamboo forest density control method, characterized in that: By leaving bamboo shoots to nourish bamboo and reasonably cutting down bamboo, the density of standing bamboo is controlled at 1000-1200 plants / mu with a reference to the ratio of one-year-old bamboo, two-year-old bamboo and three-year-old bamboo of 1:1:1; before applying ditch fertilizer in May each year, flowering bamboo, diseased bamboo and old bamboo are cut down, and the bamboo pockets with stakes are dug out using the bamboo pocket clearing device with stakes as described in any one of claims 1-3, and then 3-5 cm thick straw is filled in the bamboo pocket pit, and then organic fertilizer is applied using the bamboo pocket pit as a fertilizer pit, and the amount of fertilizer is controlled at 1000kg-1200kg / mu. According to the distribution of the bamboo pocket pits, pits can be opened appropriately for fertilization to maintain the uniformity of fertilization.

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