Smoke exhaust assembly of laser cutting machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a smoke exhaust assembly of a laser cutting machine in the technical field of laser cutting, and the smoke exhaust assembly comprises a smoke guide barrel, smoke guide equipment is arranged in the smoke guide barrel, and the smoke exhaust assembly further comprises a shell connected to the smoke exhaust end of the smoke guide barrel; the plurality of filter pressing cylinders are arranged in a circumferential array by taking the center of the bottom surface of the shell as a base point, are communicated with the inner cavity of the shell, are fixedly connected with the bottom of the shell and can filter flue gas flowing through the inner cavity of the filter pressing cylinders; the piston is arranged in the filter pressing cylinder in a sealing and sliding manner and can push out flue gas in the filter pressing cylinder through sliding; the driving part is arranged in the shell, and the driving part can make the multiple pistons uninterruptedly conduct smoke pushing-out work; according to the laser cutting device, smoke generated by laser cutting can be better discharged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, in particular to a fume exhaust component of a laser cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] The removal of laser cutting smoke has always been a difficult problem to solve in the industry; the main difficulty lies in: the smoke particles released during laser cutting include dust (particle size greater than 1μm), aerosol (particle size less than 1μm, aerosol is a solid or liquid gas containing fine distribution) and gas, of which 97% of the particles are less than 5.7 microns in diameter; because the smoke particles in the smoke released by laser cutting are relatively small, when filtering the smoke, filters with smaller absolute pore sizes are often used, such as glass fiber, HEPA filter cotton, etc.; the larger the mesh size of the filter made of materials such as glass fiber and filter cotton, the smaller the pore size, which is often accompanied by the problem of poor air permeability.

[0003] Existing smoke exhaust equipment usually uses exhaust fans. When the exhaust fan is working, the volume of smoke absorbed per unit time and the air pressure generated are fixed values ​​(without adjusting the speed). If the air pressure generated by the exhaust fan is not enough to allow the smoke absorbed by the exhaust fan per unit time to be discharged through the filter, it will cause air flow disorder in the air collecting cavity, the volume of smoke absorbed by the exhaust fan per unit time will be reduced, and the smoke released by laser cutting cannot be completely processed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a fume exhaust assembly for a laser cutting machine to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a smoke exhaust component of a laser cutting machine, including a smoke duct, in which a smoke duct is provided; also including a shell, connected to the smoke exhaust end of the smoke duct; a number of filter presses, arranged in a circular array with the center of the bottom surface of the shell as the base point and connected to the inner cavity of the shell and sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell, capable of filtering the smoke flowing through its inner cavity; a piston, sealingly slidably arranged in the filter press, and capable of pushing out the smoke in the filter press by sliding; a driving member, arranged in the shell, and the driving member can enable multiple pistons to perform smoke pushing work uninterruptedly.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention, the filter cartridge includes a cylinder body, which is sealed and fixedly connected to the shell; a smoke exhaust head, which is installed at the bottom end of the cylinder body; a one-way valve, which is fixedly arranged at the smoke exhaust end of the smoke exhaust head, and the smoke can only be discharged to the outside through the one-way valve; a filter screen, which is installed in the smoke exhaust head and located on the inner side of the one-way valve, and is used to filter the smoke; an air inlet, which is opened on the piston and passes through the top and bottom surfaces of the piston; and a spring, which is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the piston and is used to control the opening and closing of the air inlet.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the cylinder is threadedly connected to the smoke exhaust head.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the driving member includes a cam, which is coaxially arranged with the shell and rotatably connected to the shell; a driving block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cam, and the driving block is provided with an inclined surface for driving the piston to move, and the central angle corresponding to the inclined surface is the same as the central angle corresponding to the axis of two adjacent filter cartridges; and also includes a driving head for driving the cam to rotate.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the driving blocks are arranged in a plurality of equal-angle distributions; the inclined surfaces on the driving blocks are arranged in two symmetrical arrangements, and the positive projection of the driving blocks is an isosceles trapezoidal shape; the central angle corresponding to the inclined surface, the central angle corresponding to the upper base of the driving block, and the central angle corresponding to the nearest point between two adjacent driving blocks are all the same.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the drive head includes a ring gear, a gear and a first motor; the ring gear is coaxially arranged with the cam and fixedly connected to the cam, the gear is meshed with the ring gear and fixed on the output shaft of the first motor; the first motor is fixedly connected to the housing.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the smoke induction device includes a fan, a fixing frame and a second motor; the fixing frame is fixedly installed in the smoke induction tube and is used to install the second motor, and the rotating shaft of the fan is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the filter screen is made of glass fiber.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The filter press of the present invention is provided with a filter press cylinder, a piston and a driving member. The driving member can make multiple pistons move downward uninterruptedly, squeeze the flue gas in the filter press cylinder, and the flue gas is discharged from the bottom end of the filter press cylinder after being filtered under the action of pressure; compared with the existing method of simply using the air pressure generated by the exhaust fan to filter the flue gas through the filter screen and then discharge it, the extrusion filtration (i.e., pressure filtration) method can improve the efficiency of the flue gas passing through the filter screen, reduce the obstruction of the particulate matter adhering to the filter screen to the passage of the flue gas, and accelerate the speed of flue gas discharge; after the driving member and the piston are staggered, the spring can drive the piston to move upward quickly in the filter press cylinder, and under the action of the air pressure difference, the flue gas can quickly enter the filter press cylinder from the air inlet, avoid the accumulation of flue gas in the shell, the smoke exhaust volume in the smoke duct and the shell can be kept consistent with the air intake volume, avoid the problem that the smoke in the smoke duct and the shell cannot be discharged in time and continuously, and the smoke duct equipment cannot completely suck the smoke generated by the laser into the smoke duct, thereby improving the efficiency of flue gas treatment and reducing the vibration of the smoke exhaust component. The filter press of the present invention is arranged vertically with the exhaust end facing downward, which can ensure that the particulate matter in the flue gas is accumulated at the bottom of the filter press and will not adhere to the inner wall of the filter press. The piston will not contact the particulate matter when moving, which can greatly reduce the wear of the filter press cylinder wall and the piston and improve the service life of the flue gas removal component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the filter press cartridge and piston structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cam and the drive block of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the driving block and the piston in the initial state of the present invention (looking from above); Figure 6 for Figure 5 Working principle diagram of the driving block in the open state and the piston in the expanded state; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working status of the existing auxiliary filter press equipment.

[0014] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows: 1-smoke induced equipment; 2-smoke induced pipe; 3-housing; 4-filter cartridge; 5-piston; 6-driving member; 7-cylinder; 8-smoke exhaust head; 9-check valve; 10-filter screen; 11-cam; 12-driving block; 13-gear ring; 14-gear; 15-first motor; 16-fan; 17-fixing bracket; 18-second motor; 19-air inlet; 20-sealing spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a smoke exhaust component of a laser cutting machine, comprising a smoke duct 2, in which a smoke duct device 1 is arranged; further comprising a shell 3, a plurality of filter press cartridges 4, a piston 5 and a driving member 6, wherein the shell 3 is connected to the smoke exhaust end of the smoke duct 2; a plurality of filter press cartridges 4 are arranged in a circular array with the center of the bottom surface of the shell 3 as the base point and are connected to the inner cavity of the shell 3 and are fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell 3, and a sealing treatment is performed at the connection between the shell 3 and the filter press cartridge 4 to prevent smoke leakage and filter the smoke flowing through its inner cavity; the piston 5 is sealingly and slidably arranged in the filter press cartridge 4 and can push out the smoke in the filter press cartridge 4 by sliding; the driving member 6 is arranged in the shell 3, and the driving member 6 can enable multiple pistons 5 to continuously push out the smoke.

[0017] The smoke induction device 1 sucks the smoke released by laser cutting into the smoke induction tube 2, and the smoke will enter the shell 3 along the smoke induction tube 2; the driving member 6 works synchronously with the smoke induction device 1, and the driving member 6 will drive multiple pistons 5 to move downward continuously, that is, when a piston moves to the end of the stroke, the next adjacent piston immediately starts to press down; when the piston 5 is pressed down, the smoke entering the filter press 4 will be squeezed downward, and under the action of pressure, the smoke will be discharged from the bottom of the filter press 4 after being filtered. Compared with the existing method of simply using the air pressure generated by the exhaust fan to filter the smoke through the filter net and then discharge it, the extrusion filtration (i.e., pressure filtration) method can improve the efficiency of smoke passing through the filter net, reduce the obstruction of the particles adhering to the filter net to the smoke, and speed up the smoke discharge; when the piston 5 moves to the end of the stroke, it will be out of contact with the driving member 6; then the piston 5 will quickly move upward to the highest point under the action of the elastic force of the spring, and under the action of the air pressure difference, the smoke can quickly enter the filter press 4 to avoid the smoke in the shell 3, and then the piston 5 can wait for the driving member 6 to drive it to move downward next time. The design and adjustment of the inner diameter and length of the filter press 4, the stroke length of the piston 5 and the number of pistons 5 for each filter press can ensure that the smoke intake and exhaust volumes in the smoke duct 2 and the shell 3 are consistent, avoiding the problem that the smoke in the smoke duct 2 and the shell 3 cannot be discharged in time and continuously, and the smoke duct equipment cannot completely suck the smoke generated by the laser into the smoke duct 2. The smoke generated during the laser cutting process can all enter the smoke duct 2 and then be discharged after filter pressing, thereby improving the smoke treatment efficiency and reducing the vibration of the smoke exhaust component; and in this embodiment, the filter press 4 is arranged vertically with the exhaust end facing downward, which can ensure that the particulate matter in the smoke accumulates at the bottom of the filter press 4 and does not adhere to the inner wall of the filter press 4. The piston 5 will not contact the particulate matter when moving, which can greatly reduce the wear of the cylinder wall of the filter press 4 and the piston 5, and improve the service life of the smoke exhaust component.

[0018] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the filter cartridge 4 includes a cylinder body 7, a smoke exhaust head 8, a one-way valve 9 and a filter screen 10; the cylinder body 7 is sealed and fixedly connected to the shell body 3; the smoke exhaust head 8 is installed at the bottom end of the cylinder body 7; the one-way valve 9 is fixedly arranged at the smoke exhaust end of the smoke exhaust head 8, and the smoke can only be discharged to the outside through the one-way valve 9; the filter screen 10 is installed in the smoke exhaust head 8 and is located on the inner side of the one-way valve 9, and is used to filter the smoke; the air inlet 19 is opened on the piston 5 and passes through the top and bottom surfaces of the piston 5; the spring 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the piston 5 and is used to control the opening and closing of the air inlet 19; the filter screen 10 is made of glass fiber; the cylinder body 7 is threadedly connected to the smoke exhaust head 8, and a sealing ring is installed at the connection, an internal thread is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom end of the cylinder body 7, and an external thread is arranged on the inner wall of the top end of the smoke exhaust head 8.

[0019] When the piston 5 moves downward, the spring 20 will fit tightly on the bottom surface of the piston 5 under the action of pressure, the air inlet 19 is closed, and the smoke in the filter cartridge 4 is pushed downward by the piston 5, and the smoke is filtered through the filter screen 10 and then discharged from the bottom end of the one-way valve 9; when the piston 5 moves upward, the air pressure in the filter cartridge 4 is less than the air pressure in the shell 3, and the spring 20 opens under the action of the air pressure difference, and the smoke in the shell 3 enters the filter cartridge 4, waiting for the driving member 6 to drive it to move downward next time; the cylinder 7 is threadedly connected with the smoke exhaust head 8, which can facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the smoke exhaust head 8, and can also make the replacement of the filter screen 10 more convenient; when too much particulate matter accumulates on the filter screen 10, making it difficult to discharge smoke, the staff needs to remove the smoke exhaust head 8 in time, replace the filter screen 10, and then install the smoke exhaust head 8 to the bottom of the cylinder 7; the filter screen 10 is arranged on the inner side of the one-way valve 9, which can ensure that the gas flowing out through the one-way valve 9 will not be mixed with particulate matter, and will not affect the work of the one-way valve 9.

[0020] Specifically, Figure 2 , Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the driving member 6 includes a cam 11, which is coaxially arranged with the housing 3 and rotatably connected with the housing 3; a driving block 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cam 11, and a slope for driving the piston 5 to move is provided on the driving block 12, and the central angle corresponding to the slope is the same as the central angle corresponding to the axis of two adjacent filter cartridges 4; and a driving head for driving the cam 11 to rotate is also included.

[0021] The driving head can drive the cam 11 and the driving block 12 to rotate synchronously, and the inclined surface on the driving block 12 can drive the piston 5 to move downward smoothly; Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the driving block 12 drives a piston 5 to complete the stroke through the inclined surface, the next adjacent piston 5 is exactly at the highest point of the inclined surface, and the driving block 12 rotates again, and the piston 5 starts working immediately, thereby ensuring that multiple pistons 5 can perform pressure filtration and exhaust work uninterruptedly, and the smoke in the smoke duct 2 and the shell 3 is discharged outward at every time point, which can match the smoke duct equipment to input smoke into the shell 3 at every time point, so that the smoke generated by laser cutting can be better discharged.

[0022] Specifically, Figure 2 , Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the driving blocks 12 are arranged in a plurality of equal-angle distributions; the inclined surfaces on the driving block 12 are arranged in two symmetrical shapes, and the positive projection of the driving block 12 is an isosceles trapezoid; the central angle a1 corresponding to the inclined surface, the central angle a2 corresponding to the upper base of the driving block 12, and the central angle a3 corresponding to the closest point between two adjacent driving blocks 12 are all the same.

[0023] like Figure 7As shown, when the existing auxiliary filter press equipment is working, the filter press process is intermittent. In order to ensure that the volume of gas sucked in by the fan is completely discharged within a unit time, the speed at which the auxiliary filter press equipment discharges gas needs to be greater than the speed at which the fan sucks in air, which will cause turbulence in the air collecting chamber and cause vibration of the exhaust component; in this embodiment, the filter press cartridge 4 and the piston 5 are arranged in groups of four, and multiple groups are arranged, and the number of the driving blocks 12 is the same as the number of groups of the filter press cartridge 4; it should be noted that, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 5 The middle drive block 12 rotates clockwise, which means Figure 6 The middle drive block 12 moves to the right, Figure 5 The length of the inclined plane corresponding to the central angle a1 is Figure 6 The length of b1 in the circle is equal, the length of the upper arc of the driving block 12 corresponding to the central angle a2 is equal to the length of b2, and the length of the arc corresponding to the closest point of two adjacent driving blocks 12 corresponding to the central angle a3 is equal to the length of b3 (i.e. Figure 5 When the driving block 12 rotates at an angle of a1, the corresponding Figure 6 The driving block 12 moves to the right by a distance b1); Figure 6 : Taking the working state of the leftmost group of filter cartridges 4 and pistons 5 as an example, when the drive block 12 moves to the right, the fourth piston 5 from the left moves downward, the third piston 5 from the left completes the stroke and remains stationary, the second piston 5 from the left moves upward and returns, and the first piston 5 from the left remains at the highest point and remains; and the piston 5 moving downward discharges the smoke in the filter cartridge 4 and the piston 5 moving upward sucks the smoke in the smoke duct 2 and the shell 3 into the filter cartridge 4 at the same speed, that is, the amount of smoke sucked into the filter cartridge 4 and discharged from the filter cartridge 4 at each time point is the same; correspondingly, the amount of smoke sucked into the smoke duct 2 by the smoke ducting device 1, the amount of smoke entering the filter cartridge 4 and the amount of smoke discharged from the filter cartridge 4 are consistent, which can better ensure the continuous, uniform and smooth discharge of smoke, can greatly reduce the vibration of the exhaust component during operation, and enable each component to work better.

[0024] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the driving head includes a ring gear 13, a gear 14 and a first motor 15; the ring gear 13 is coaxially arranged with the cam 11 and is fixedly connected to the cam 11, the gear 14 is meshed with the ring gear 13 and is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor 15; the first motor 15 is fixedly connected to the housing 3; During operation, the first motor 15 can drive the ring gear 13 to rotate via the gear 14 , and the ring gear 13 can drive the cam 11 to rotate synchronously.

[0025] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the smoke induced device 1 includes a fan 16 , a fixing frame 17 and a second motor 18 ; the fixing frame 17 is fixedly installed in the smoke induced tube 2 and is used to install the second motor 18 , and the rotating shaft of the fan 16 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 18 .

[0026] During operation, the second motor 18 can drive the fan 16 to rotate, and the fan 16 can suck the smoke generated by laser cutting into the smoke duct 2.

[0027] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smoke exhaust assembly for a laser cutting machine, comprising a smoke exhaust pipe (2), wherein a smoke exhaust device (1) is arranged in the smoke exhaust pipe (2), characterized in that: Also includes: A shell (3) connected to a smoke exhaust end of the smoke exhaust pipe (2); A plurality of filter cartridges (4) are arranged in a circular array with the center of the bottom surface of the shell (3) as a base point and are connected to the inner cavity of the shell (3) and fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell (3), and can filter smoke flowing through the inner cavity; A piston (5) is sealingly slidably disposed in the filter press cartridge (4) and is capable of pushing out smoke in the filter press cartridge (4) by sliding; A driving member (6) is arranged in the housing (3), and the driving member (6) can enable the plurality of pistons (5) to continuously perform a smoke pushing operation.

2. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter press (4) comprises: The cylinder (7) is sealed and fixedly connected to the shell (3); A smoke exhaust head (8) is installed at the bottom end of the cylinder (7); A one-way valve (9) is fixedly mounted at the smoke exhaust end of the smoke exhaust head (8), so that the smoke can only be discharged to the outside through the one-way valve (9); A filter (10) is installed in the smoke exhaust head (8) and is located inside the one-way valve (9) for filtering smoke; An air inlet (19) is provided on the piston (5) and passes through the top and bottom surfaces of the piston (5); The spring sheet (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the piston (5) and is used to control the opening and closing of the air inlet (19).

3. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylinder (7) is threadably connected to the smoke exhaust head (8).

4. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member (6) comprises a cam (11), the cam (11) being coaxially arranged with the housing (3) and being rotatably connected to the housing (3); a driving block (12) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the cam (11), the driving block (12) being provided with an inclined surface for driving the piston (5) to move, the central angle corresponding to the inclined surface being the same as the central angle corresponding to the axis of two adjacent filter cartridges (4); and a driving head for driving the cam (11) to rotate.

5. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving blocks (12) are arranged in a plurality distributed at equal angles; the inclined surfaces on the driving blocks (12) are arranged as two symmetrically arranged surfaces, and the positive projection of the driving blocks (12) is in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid; the central angle corresponding to the inclined surface, the central angle corresponding to the upper base of the driving blocks (12), and the central angle corresponding to the closest point between two adjacent driving blocks (12) are all the same.

6. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive head comprises a ring gear (13), a gear (14) and a first motor (15); the ring gear (13) is coaxially arranged with the cam (11) and is fixedly connected to the cam (11); the gear (14) is meshed with the ring gear (13) and is fixed on an output shaft of the first motor (15); and the first motor (15) is fixedly connected to the housing (3).

7. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke entrainment device (1) comprises a fan (16), a fixing frame (17) and a second motor (18); the fixing frame (17) is fixedly installed in the smoke entrainment tube (2) and is used to install the second motor (18); the rotating shaft of the fan (16) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (18).

8. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter screen (10) is made of glass fiber.

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